Roots of

Psychology
The study of psychology in a philosophical context dates back
to the ancient civilization of Egypt, Greece, China, India, and
Persia. Historians note that Greek philosophers, including
Thales, Plato, and Aristotle covered the workings of the mind
in their writings.

Psychology springs from the field of Philosophy and Physiology.

Here are some of the philosophers and doctors who
instruments in giving birth and direction to the discipline of
psychology.
 Historical Roots of Psychology

DATE PHILOSOPEHRS THOUGHT/CONTRIBUTION

Trephining refers to the drilling of a hole in the skull, presumably as a

Half million Primitive people
way of treating psychological disorders during prehistoric times.

428-348 BC Plato Character and intelligence are inherited and inborn.

Identified the heart as "the most important organ of the body," and
384-322 BC Aristotle
the first to form according to his observation of chick embryos.
 Historical Roots of Psychology
DATE PHILOSOPEHRS THOUGHT/CONTRIBUTION

Believed that emotions resulted from different combinations or levels

or changes in the amount of the four basic body fluids namely: yellow
16th century Hippocrates
bile (anger), black bile (depression), phlegm (slow response), and blood
(lust).

Mind is a blank slate at birth that most knowledge comes from

17th century John Locke
experience.

Discern intelligence, moral characters, and other basic personality traits

18th century Franz Josef Gall
from shapes and bumps on a person's skull.

Rene Descartes Nerves are hollow tubes through which impulses flow.
Roots of Modern Psychology

DATE PLACE PSYCHOLOGIST CONTRIBUTION

Established the first formal laboratories in psychology at

1879 Germany Wilhelm Wundt the University of Leipzig, Germany.
Father of scientific/ experimental Psychology

Put up the first American psychology laboratory in John

1883 USA G. Stanley Hall
Hopkins University.

Hermann
1885 Germany Reported the first experiments on human memory.
Ebbinghaus

1890 USA William James Published the book entitled Principles of Psychology.
Roots of Modern Psychology

DATE PLACE PSYCHOLOGIST CONTRIBUTION

Conducted the first experiment on animal learning called

1898 USA E. L . Thorndike
instrumental conditioning.

1900 Austria Sigmund Freud Introduced the Psychoanalytic theory.

Alfred Binet
1905 Paris Devised the first intelligence test.
Theodore Simon

Published classic studies on animal learning called classical

1906 Russia Ivan Pavlov
conditioning.
Roots of Modern Psychology
DATE PLACE PSYCHOLOGIST CONTRIBUTION

Margaret First woman to receive Ph.D in Psychology with her

1908 USA
Wahburn researched on animal behavior in the animal mind.

1915 USA John B. Watson Established psychological school of Behaviorism

Early 1970s Philippines Virgilio Enriquez Father of Philippine Psychology

Prospero Covar
Zeus Salazar Established the foundation of Psychology
Alfredo Lagmay
 GOALS OF
PSYCHOLOGY
Describe
Psychologist begin to describe the
behaviors and mental processes. It can
be done through gathering data
objectively and classifying facts into
meaningful categories based on stated
aspects of similarity.
Explain
Being able to describe and explain the
causes of behavior and helps
psychologist discover how behavior
works.

Predict
Predict how organism will behave
in certain situations.
Control or
Change Behavior
It is carrier through influencing,
manipulating and modifying human
behavior for the better. Many psychologist
believe that controlling behavior is the
most powerful goal in psychology.