13 August 2023 16:56

TYPES OF DISEASES

On the basis of duration On the basis of cause

ACUTE CHRONIC GENETIC DISORDERS ACCQUIRED DISEASES

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AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
 Acquired = disease is not congenital
 Immunodeficiency = attacks immune system
 Syndrome = Group of symptoms are generated
 History :1. First reported in USA among homosexuals in 1981
2. In India AIDS infection was detected in 1986.
3. All over the world 25 million people died of AIDS
4. AIDS is caused by HIV ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
5. AIDS name was given by International committee on viral nomenclature in 1986
 Pathogen: HIV
 Mode of Transmission: 1. Sexual contact with infected person.
2. By transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products.
3. By sharing Infected Needles as in case of Intravenous Drug Abusers.
4. From infected mother to her child through Placenta.
 People at high risk of infection : 1.individuals Having Multiple sexual Partners
2. Drug addicts taking drug Intravenously
3. Individuals who require repeated blood transfusion
4. Children born to infected mother.
 NOTE: 1. HIV/AIDS does not spread by mere touch or Physical contact
2. There is always a time Lag between the HIV infection and appearance of AIDS symptoms
3. Incubation Period may vary from Months to years (5-10)
4. Incubation period is the duration between the entry of pathogen and it's generated symptoms

 Prevention of AIDS: 1. Proper blood testing to make blood safe from HIV
2. Ensuring the use of only Disposable syringes.
3. Free distribution of condoms and advocating safe sex
4. Controlling drug abuse
5. Promoting regular check up for HIV in susceptible population
6. People should be educated about AIDS.

 National AIDS day : 1st December

 Agencies Working For AIDS : 1. NACO ( National AIDS control Organization)
2. NGOs ( Non governmental Agencies )

 Pathogen Structure : 1. Virus Belongs to group of Viruses called RETROVIRUS

2. Consists of a lipid Bilayer derived from Host cell membrane
3. Projecting Knob like Glycoprotein spikes with Pedicel formed of Virus coded glycoprotein
4. envelope encloses the RNA genome
5. single stranded RNA with two Identical Filaments ( diploid)
6. 2 molecules of reverse transcriptase Enzyme
7 .The core of RNA and enzyme remains surrounded by two Protein coats P24 and P17
 MODE OF ACTION:

CELLS ON WHICH HIV ATTACKS : 1. Macrophages

2. T lymphocyte
Cancer
12 September 2022 17:08
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10 September 2023 14:29