2009 Introduction To General Organic and Biochemistry 9th Edition Test Bank

2009 Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, 9th Edition Test Bank
2009 Introduction to General, Organic and

Biochemistry, 9th Edition Test Bank
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CHAPTER 7 -- REACTION RATES AND CHEMICAL
EQUILIBRIUM
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Which of the following best describes the rates of chemical reaction?

A. most chemical reactions occur very slowly
B. most chemical reactions occur at moderate rates
C. most chemical reactions occur very rapidly
D. chemical reactions have a wide range of rates, from extremely fast to extremely slow
2. Which of the following is the study of the rates of chemical reactions?

A. kinetics
B. stoichiometry
C. thermodynamics
D. none of these
3. Which of the following units can used to describe the rate of a chemical reaction?
A. (moles·liter)/minute
B. (moles/L)/minute
C. 1/(moles·liter·minute)
D. none of these
4. For the reaction A + B ® 2 C, which of the following best describes how we can measure the reaction rate?
A. The rate can be measured by measuring how fast A is consumed.
B. The rate can be measured by measuring how fast C is produced.
C. either of the above procedures can be used
D. neither of the above procedures can be used
5. For the reaction A + B ® 2 C, which of the following statements is true?

A. B is consumed at the same rate that A is consumed
B. C is produced at the same rate A is consumed
C. both a. and b.
D. Neither a. nor b.
B. C is produced at twice the rate A is consumed
C. both a. and b.
7. For the reaction 2C ® A + B, 0.01 mole of A is formed during the first 15 seconds of the reaction. Assuming
that the rate of reaction remains constant for two minutes, which of the following statements is true?
A. after 2 minutes 0.08 moles of B were produced
B. after 2 minutes 0.08 moles of C were consumed
C. both a. and b.
C. both a. and b.
9. Which of the following is true of the rates of most chemical reactions?

A. the initial rate is cannot be measured
B. the initial rate is faster than the rate later in time
C. the initial rate is the same as the rate later in time
D. the initial rate is slower than the rate later in time
10. In the reaction 2HgO(s) ® 2Hg(l) + O2(g) we measure the evolution of gas to determine the rate of
reaction. At the beginning of the reaction (at 0 minutes), 0.020 L of O2 is present. After 15 minutes the
volume of O2 is 0.35 L. What is the rate of reaction?
A. 0.022 L/min
B. 0.023 L/min
C. 0.23 L/min
D. 0.33 L/min
11. Which of the following is true of effective collisions?

A. the number of effective collisions decreases as the temperature is increased
B. the number of effective collisions determines the reaction rate
C. both a. and b.
A. the number of effective collisions determines the reaction rate
B. the number of effective collisions increases as the temperature is increased
C. both a. and b.
13. Many molecular collisions do not result in chemical reaction. Why is this?
A. the colliding molecules are not the correct chemicals
B. the colliding molecules do not have sufficient energy
C. the colliding molecules do not have the correct orientations
D. all of the above
14. Why will increasing the temperature of a reaction speed up the reaction?
A. the activation energy for the reaction is lowered
B. the heat of reaction is increased
C. there are more effective collisions between molecules
D. none of these
15. For which of the following reactions is it important that the species collide with the correct orientation?
A. 2 NO(g) + O2(g) ® 2 NO2(g)
B. HCl(g) + H2O(l) ® H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
C. both of them
D. neither of them
A. HCl(g) + H2O(l) ® H2O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
B. Ag+(aq) + Cl--(aq) ® AgCl(s)
C. both of them
D. neither of them
A. 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) ® 2 H2O(l)
C. both of them
D. neither of them
18. Which of the following is true?
A. decreasing the activation energy decreases the reaction rate
B. decreasing the activation energy increases the reaction rate
C. the activation energy of an exothermic reaction is negative
D. there is no relationship between activation energy and reaction rate

A. decreasing the activation increases the reaction rate
B. the activation energy for an exothermic reaction is negative
C. both a. and b.
20. In an energy diagram for a chemical reaction what species appears at the highest energy?
A. the catalyst
B. the products
C. the reactants
D. the transition state
21. Given that the reaction 2 H2(g) + O2(g) ® 2 H2O(g) is exothermic, which of the following is true of the
reaction 2 H2O(g) ® 2 H2(g) + O2(g) ?
A. its activation energy is lower than that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g ) ? 2 H2O(g)
B. its activation energy is the same as that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g ) ? 2 H2O(g)
C. its activation energy is higher than that of c. its activation energy is the same as that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g
) ? 2 H2O(g)
D. there is no relationship between its activation energy and that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g ) ? 2 H2O(g)
22. Given that the reaction N2(g) + 2 O2(g) ® 2 NO2(g) is endothermic, which of the following is true of
the reaction 2 NO2(g) ® 2 N2(g) + 2 O2(g) ?
A. its activation energy is lower than that of b. its activation energy is higher than that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2
N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
B. its activation energy is the same as that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2 N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
C. its activation energy is lower than that ofits activation energy is higher than that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2
N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
D. there is no relationship between its activation energy and that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2 N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
23. In an energy diagram for an exothermic chemical reaction which of the following is true?
A. the energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants
B. the energy of the transition state is higher than that of the reactants
C. both a. and b.
24. In an energy diagram for an endothermic chemical reaction which of the following is true?
C. both a. and b.
25. Consider a reaction such as A2(g) + B2 (g) ® 2AB(g). What can we say about the mechanism of the
reaction?
A. if the reaction is fast it occurs in a single step
B. if the reaction is fast it occurs in multiple steps
C. if the reaction is slow it occurs in multiple steps
D. we must examine each case individually
26. The reaction H2O2(l) + 3 I-(aq) + 2 H+(aq) ® I3-(aq) + 2 H2O(aq) occurs very rapidly. Based on this
observation only, what can we say about this reaction?
A. the reaction probably occurs as a single fast step
B. the reaction probably occurs as a series of steps, each of which is fast
C. the reaction is endothermic
D. the reaction is exothermic
27. Which of the following is true of all multi-step reactions?

A. they involve more than two reactant molecules
B. they are endothermic
C. they are exothermic
D. the rate of reaction is determined by the slowest step
28. In a particular chemical reaction 2 bonds are broken and no bonds are formed. Based only on this
information, which of the following is true?
A. the reaction has a high activation energy
B. the reaction is endothermic
C. the reaction is exothermic
D. we cannot determine which of the above is true
29. In a particular chemical reaction 3 bonds are broken and 4 bonds are formed. Based only on this
31. If a reaction occurs very rapidly, even at a relatively low temperature, which of the following is probably
true?
A. the reaction is endothermic
B. the reaction is exothermic
C. the reaction has a low activation energy
D. the reaction occurs as a single step
32. Which of the following accounts for the fact that reactions between ions in solution are usually very fast?
A. ionic bonds are weak
B. no covalent bonds need to be broken for reaction to occur
C. reactions between ions are endothermic
D. reactions between ions are exothermic
33. Sodium chloride and silver nitrate react to produce silver chloride and sodium nitrate? Which of the
following will result in the fastest reaction between sodium chloride and silver nitrate?
A. crystals of the two reactants are placed in a mortar and ground up
B. large crystals of the two reactants are placed in contact with one another
C. powdered samples of the two reactants are mixed together
D. solutions of the two reactants are mixed together
34. Silver iodide is an insoluble salt. If solid sodium iodide and solid silver nitrate are mixed together a
reaction to for sodium nitrate and silver iodide occurs but it is extremely slow. However, if the sodium iodide
and silver nitrate are first dissolved in water and the two solutions are mixed the reaction occurs very
rapidly. Which of the following explain(s) the difference in reaction rates?
A. ions in solution have high mobility and ions of opposite charges are attracted to each other
B. the concentration of ions in solution is greater than the concentration of ions in the solid
C. both of the above
D. neither of the above
35. If a chemist wishes to carry out a reaction in which one reactant is a solid and one is a liquid, which of the
following will be most effective in speeding up the reaction?
A. adding more liquid reactant
B. grinding the solid to a form a powder
C. placing a larger crystal of the solid in the same volume of liquid reactant
D. none of the above will have a significant effect on the rate of reaction
D. all of the above will be equally effective
37. The rate of reaction for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to yield water and oxygen is given by the
equation: Rate = k[H2O2] What units are associated with the rate constant k?
A. minutes
B. 1/minutes
C. moles/minute
D. none of these
38. Which of the following does not result from increasing the temperature of a reaction?
A. a larger fraction of the collisions are effective collisions
B. the concentrations of the reactants are increased
C. there are more collisions
D. none, all of the above are a result of increasing the temperature
39. When the concentration of a reactant is increased which of the following is true?
A. the rate of reaction always decreases
B. the rate of reaction usually decreases
C. the rate of reaction always increases
D. the rate of reaction usually increases
40. When the concentration of a reactant is decreased which of the following is true?
41. If a particular reactant is involved in the slowest step of a multi-step reaction what will be the effect of
increasing its concentration?
A. the reaction rate will always decrease
B. the reaction rate will usually decrease
C. the reaction rate will always increase
D. the reaction rate will usually increase
42. What is the effect of increasing the temperature at which a reaction is carried out?
A. in all cases the rate of reaction decreases
B. in virtually all cases the rate of reaction decreases
C. in all cases the rate of reaction increases
D. in virtually all cases the rate of reaction increases
43. What is the effect of decreasing the temperature at which a reaction is carried out?
44. The temperature effect on reaction rate is the result of which of the following?
A. at higher temperatures there are more collisions
B. at higher temperatures a larger fraction of the collisions are effective collisions
C. both a. and b.
45. A particular chemical reaction carried out at 20C takes 2 hours. Approximately how long will it take to
carry out the reaction at 40C?
A. 0.5 hour
B. 1 hour
C. 4 hours
D. 8 hours
A. 0.5 hour
B. 1 hour
C. 4 hours
D. 8 hours
47. In a certain chemical reaction 1.00 gram of product is produced in 15 minutes when the reaction is carried
out at 20C. Assuming that there is sufficient starting material available, about how much product will be
produced in the same length of time if the reaction is carried out in a boiling water bath at 100C?
A. 2.00 g
B. 16.0 g
C. 64.0 g
D. 256 g
48. Which of the following is the best definition of a catalyst?

A. A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
B. A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without participating in the reaction.
C. A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed during the
reaction.
D. all of the above are equally good definitions
49. The term “heterogenous catalyst” means which of the following?

A. a catalyst which does not have uniform composition
B. a catalyst which is of a different phase from that of the reaction it catalyzes
C. both a. and b.
50. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction as a result of which of the following?
A. it decreases the activation energy of the reaction
B. it increases the number of collisions between reacting molecules
C. it makes the reaction more endothermic
D. it makes the reaction more exothermic

A. it increases the number of collisions between reacting molecules
B. it makes the reaction more endothermic
C. it makes the reaction more exothermic
D. it provides an alternative reaction pathway

D. none of the above
53. Which of the following is true of fevers?

A. an increase in body temperature never has beneficial effects
B. a 1C increase in temperature can be protective
C. a 3C increase in temperature is invariably fatal
D. none of the above is true
54. Drug manufacturers use which of the following when making time release drugs?
A. control of the thickness of a drug coating
B. control of the size
C. both a. and b.
55. What is the purpose of the enteric coating of aspirin?

A. to control time release of the drug in the stomach
B. to insure drug release prior to the drug reaching the stomach
C. to insure drug release in the stomach
D. to insure drug release in the intestine
56. Which of the following statements is true about a reversible reaction?
A. All reversible reactions are exothermic.
B. All reversible reactions have low activation energy.
C. When we mix the reactants together one or more of the reactants will be completely used up.
D. When we mix the reactants together none of the reactants will be completely used up.
57. Which of the following is true of a reversible reaction?

A. Equilibrium can only be reached by mixing the starting materials.
B. Equilibrium can only be reached by mixing the products.
C. Equilibrium can only be reached by mixing specific amounts of starting materials and products.
D. Provided one is prepared to wait long enough, equilibrium will always be reached if any combination of
starting materials and products are mixed.
58. Which of the following an example of an equilibrium situation?

A. an unsaturated solution
B. a saturated solution
C. a supersaturated solution
D. all of the above
59. Which of the following is true of a reaction which has reached equilibrium?
A. the reactants have been completely converted to products
B. the rate of the forward reaction is faster than the rate of the reverse reaction
C. the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction
D. the rate of the forward reaction is slower than the rate of the reverse reaction
60. Consider a sample of water in a closed, rigid container. Which of the following would indicate that the
reaction has reached equilibrium?
A. the mass of the container remains constant
B. the pressure in the container remains constant
C. the volume of the container remains constant
D. all of the above
61. Consider a sample of water in a closed container. When the reaction has reached
equilibrium what can we say about any specific water molecule?
A. if it was present in the liquid it will always remain in the liquid
B. if it was present in the vapor it will always remain in the vapor
C. it will sometimes be in the liquid phase and sometimes in the vapor phase
D. both a. and b. are true
62. Which of the following symbols is used to denote a reversible reaction?
A. ®
B. 
C.
D. «
63. In writing the equilibrium constant expression we use square brackets. The notation [A] means which of
the following?
A. the mass of A
B. the number of moles of A
C. the molar concentration of A
64. Then notation [A]4 is equivalent to which of the following?

A. [A] + [A] + [A] + [A]
B. 1/([A] + [A] + [A] + [A])
C. [A] x [A] x [A] x [A]
D. 1/([A] x [A] x [A] x [A])
65. Which of the following must we know in order to write the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction?
A. the balanced chemical equation for the reaction
B. the rate at which the reaction occurs
C. both a. and b.
66. For the reaction which of the following is the equilibrium constant
expression?
A. K = [H2][O2]/[H2O]
B. K = [H2O]/[H2][O2]
C. K = [H2O]2/[H2]2[O2]
D. K = [H2]2[O2]/[H2O]2
expression?
A. K = [H2][N2]/[NH3]
B. K = [NH3]/[H2][N2]
C. K = [H2]3[N2]/[NH3]2
D. K = [NH3]2/[H2]3[N2]
68. Acetic acid is the active ingredient in vinegar. In a solution of acetic acid the following equilibrium is
established. .The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 1.8 x 10
-5
. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction ?
A. 1.8 x 10 -5
B. 4.2 x 10 -3
C. 5.6 x 104
D. 3.1 x 109
69. Suppose that the equilibrium constant for the chemical reaction has an equilibrium
constant of 2.3 x 107. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction ?
A. 4.3 x 10 -8
B. 2.1 x 10 -4
C. 4.8 x 103
D. 2.3 x 107
A. 1.99 x 10 -15
B. 4.3 x 10 -8
C. 2.3 x 107
D. 5.3 x 1014
71. For the reaction at 25C equilibrium is established when

[NOCl] = 2.6 M, [NO] = 1.4 M and [Cl2] = 0.34 M. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction?
A. 0.099
B. 0.18
C. 5.4
D. 10
A. 0.099
B. 0.18
C. 5.4
D. 10
73. For the reaction at 472C equilibrium is established when [H2]

-8
=0.0200M, [N2] = 0.0100M and [NH3] = 5.37 x 10 M. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction?
A. 2.69 x 10 -4
B. 3.60 x 10 -8
C. 7.21 x 10 -10
D. 7.21 x 10 -11

=0.0200M, [N2] = 0.0100M and [NH3] = 5.37 x 10-8M. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction?
A. 3.72 x 103
B. 2.77 x 107
C. 1.39 x 109
D. 6.94 x 1010
75. Which of the following could be the equilibrium constant for a reaction which proceeds very far in the
direction of the products?
A. 1 x 10-15
B. 1 x 10- 2
C. 1 x 10 2
D. 1 x 10 15
76. Which of the following could be the equilibrium constant for a reaction which does not yield a significant
concentration of products?
A. 1 x 10-15
B. 1 x 10-2
C. 1 x 10 2
D. 1 x 10 15
77. In dilute solutions it is customary to omit the concentration of the solvent from the equilibrium constant
expression. Why is this done?
A. the concentration of solvent remains essentially constant
B. the solvent is not involved in the chemical reaction
C. both a. and b.
78. Which of the following will change the numerical value of the equilibrium constant of a particular reaction?
A. increasing the concentration of reactants
B. increasing the concentration of products
C. increasing the temperature
D. all of the above
A. increasing the concentration of the products
B. increasing the temperature
C. both a. and b.
A. increasing the concentration of the reactants
B. increasing the concentration of the products
C. both a. and b.
81. Which of the following is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction
?
A. K = [CH3COOH][C2H5OH]/[CH3COOC2H5][H2O]
B. K = [CH3COOC2H5][H2O]/[CH3COOH][C2H5OH]
C. K = [CH3COOH][C2H5OH]/[CH3COOC2H5]
D. K = [CH3COOC2H5]/[CH3COOH][C2H5OH]
82. A particular reaction has an equilibrium constant of 1 x 10 20. Which of the following best describes the
relationship between the equilibrium constant and the reaction rate?
A. because the equilibrium constant is large the reaction proceeds rapidly
B. there is no relationship between the size of the equilibrium constant and the rate of the reaction
C. both a. and b. are true
D. Neither a. nor b. is true
83. A particular reaction has an equilibrium constant of 1 x 10-15. Which of the following best describes the
A. because the equilibrium constant is small the reaction proceeds slowly
84. Le Chatelier’s Principle applies to which of the following systems?

A. a system in which the reaction is moving left to right
B. a system in which the reaction is moving right to left
C. a system which has reached equilibrium
D. all of the above
85. What is the effect of adding C2H5OH(l) to a container in which the reaction
has reached equilibrium?
A. the reaction will shift left to right
B. the reaction will shift right to left
C. there will be no effect
D. what happens depends on the temperature
86. What is the effect of adding H2O(l) to a container in which the reaction
87. Which of the following describes the effect of raising the temperature of an exothermic reaction which has
not yet reached equilibrium?
A. the rate of reaction slows and less product is produced
B. the rate of reaction slows, but more product is produced
C. the rate of reaction speeds up, but less product is produced
D. the rate of reaction speeds up and more product is produced
88. Which of the following describes the effect of raising the temperature of an endothermic reaction which has
89. If the exothermic reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the

effect of raising the temperature of the reaction vessel?
D. what happens depends on the initial temperature
90. If the endothermic reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the effect of
lowering the temperature of the reaction vessel?
C. there will be no further reaction
doubling the volume of the reaction vessel?
92. If the reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the effect of doubling
the volume of the reaction vessel?
93. For the exothermic reaction which of the following changes could
be carried out in such a way as to not cause the reaction to shift either to the left or to the right?
A. adding H2 and removing NH3
B. adding H2 and lowering the temperature
C. adding H2 and raising the temperature
D. adding H2 and decreasing the volume
A. removing NH3 and adding H2
B. removing NH3 and lowering the temperature
C. removing NH3 and raising the temperature
D. removing NH3 and decreasing the volume
A. raising the temperature and increasing the volume
B. lowering the temperature and decreasing the volume
C. both a. and b.
A. raising the temperature and adding NH3
B. lowering the temperature and removing NH3
C. both a. and b.
97. When considering the effect of a catalyst on a system to which Le Chatelier’s Principle can be applied,
which of the following is true?
A. addition of a catalyst has absolutely no effect on the reaction
B. addition of a catalyst speeds up the forward reaction
C. addition of a catalyst speeds up the reverse reaction
D. addition of a catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reaction by the same amount
98. Which of the following is true of a catalyst for a reaction?
A. it decreases the equilibrium constant for the reaction
B. it increases the equilibrium constant for the reaction
C. it has no effect on the equilibrium constant for the reaction
D. any of the above, depending on the reaction involved
CHAPTER 7 -- REACTION RATES AND CHEMICAL
EQUILIBRIUM Key
1. Which of the following best describes the rates of chemical reaction?

A. most chemical reactions occur very slowly
B. most chemical reactions occur at moderate rates
C. most chemical reactions occur very rapidly
D. chemical reactions have a wide range of rates, from extremely fast to extremely slow
2. Which of the following is the study of the rates of chemical reactions?

A. kinetics
B. stoichiometry
C. thermodynamics
D. none of these
3. Which of the following units can used to describe the rate of a chemical reaction?
A. (moles·liter)/minute
B. (moles/L)/minute
C. 1/(moles·liter·minute)
D. none of these
4. For the reaction A + B ® 2 C, which of the following best describes how we can measure the reaction rate?
A. The rate can be measured by measuring how fast A is consumed.
B. The rate can be measured by measuring how fast C is produced.
C. either of the above procedures can be used
D. neither of the above procedures can be used

B. C is produced at the same rate A is consumed
C. both a. and b.
B. C is produced at twice the rate A is consumed
C. both a. and b.
C. both a. and b.
C. both a. and b.
9. Which of the following is true of the rates of most chemical reactions?

A. the initial rate is cannot be measured
B. the initial rate is faster than the rate later in time
C. the initial rate is the same as the rate later in time
D. the initial rate is slower than the rate later in time
10. In the reaction 2HgO(s) ® 2Hg(l) + O2(g) we measure the evolution of gas to determine the rate of
reaction. At the beginning of the reaction (at 0 minutes), 0.020 L of O2 is present. After 15 minutes the
volume of O2 is 0.35 L. What is the rate of reaction?
A. 0.022 L/min
B. 0.023 L/min
C. 0.23 L/min
D. 0.33 L/min

A. the number of effective collisions decreases as the temperature is increased
B. the number of effective collisions determines the reaction rate
C. both a. and b.
A. the number of effective collisions determines the reaction rate
B. the number of effective collisions increases as the temperature is increased
C. both a. and b.
13. Many molecular collisions do not result in chemical reaction. Why is this?
A. the colliding molecules are not the correct chemicals
B. the colliding molecules do not have sufficient energy
C. the colliding molecules do not have the correct orientations
D. all of the above
14. Why will increasing the temperature of a reaction speed up the reaction?
A. the activation energy for the reaction is lowered
B. the heat of reaction is increased
C. there are more effective collisions between molecules
D. none of these
A. 2 NO(g) + O2(g) ® 2 NO2(g)
C. both of them
D. neither of them
A. HCl(g) + H2O(l) ® H2O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
B. Ag+(aq) + Cl--(aq) ® AgCl(s)
C. both of them
D. neither of them
A. 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) ® 2 H2O(l)
C. both of them
D. neither of them
A. decreasing the activation energy decreases the reaction rate
B. decreasing the activation energy increases the reaction rate
C. the activation energy of an exothermic reaction is negative
D. there is no relationship between activation energy and reaction rate

A. decreasing the activation increases the reaction rate
B. the activation energy for an exothermic reaction is negative
C. both a. and b.
20. In an energy diagram for a chemical reaction what species appears at the highest energy?
A. the catalyst
B. the products
C. the reactants
D. the transition state
21. Given that the reaction 2 H2(g) + O2(g) ® 2 H2O(g) is exothermic, which of the following is true of the
reaction 2 H2O(g) ® 2 H2(g) + O2(g) ?
A. its activation energy is lower than that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g ) ? 2 H2O(g)
B. its activation energy is the same as that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g ) ? 2 H2O(g)
C. its activation energy is higher than that of c. its activation energy is the same as that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g
) ? 2 H2O(g)
D. there is no relationship between its activation energy and that of 2 H2(g) + O2(g ) ? 2 H2O(g)
22. Given that the reaction N2(g) + 2 O2(g) ® 2 NO2(g) is endothermic, which of the following is true of
the reaction 2 NO2(g) ® 2 N2(g) + 2 O2(g) ?
A. its activation energy is lower than that of b. its activation energy is higher than that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2
N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
B. its activation energy is the same as that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2 N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
C. its activation energy is lower than that ofits activation energy is higher than that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2
N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
D. there is no relationship between its activation energy and that of 2 NO2(g) ® 2 N2(g) + 2 O2(g)
23. In an energy diagram for an exothermic chemical reaction which of the following is true?
C. both a. and b.
24. In an energy diagram for an endothermic chemical reaction which of the following is true?
C. both a. and b.
25. Consider a reaction such as A2(g) + B2 (g) ® 2AB(g). What can we say about the mechanism of the
reaction?
A. if the reaction is fast it occurs in a single step
B. if the reaction is fast it occurs in multiple steps
C. if the reaction is slow it occurs in multiple steps
D. we must examine each case individually
26. The reaction H2O2(l) + 3 I-(aq) + 2 H+(aq) ® I3-(aq) + 2 H2O(aq) occurs very rapidly. Based on this
observation only, what can we say about this reaction?
A. the reaction probably occurs as a single fast step
B. the reaction probably occurs as a series of steps, each of which is fast
C. the reaction is endothermic
D. the reaction is exothermic
27. Which of the following is true of all multi-step reactions?

A. they involve more than two reactant molecules
B. they are endothermic
C. they are exothermic
D. the rate of reaction is determined by the slowest step
28. In a particular chemical reaction 2 bonds are broken and no bonds are formed. Based only on this
31. If a reaction occurs very rapidly, even at a relatively low temperature, which of the following is probably
true?
A. the reaction is endothermic
B. the reaction is exothermic
C. the reaction has a low activation energy
D. the reaction occurs as a single step
32. Which of the following accounts for the fact that reactions between ions in solution are usually very fast?
A. ionic bonds are weak
B. no covalent bonds need to be broken for reaction to occur
C. reactions between ions are endothermic
D. reactions between ions are exothermic
33. Sodium chloride and silver nitrate react to produce silver chloride and sodium nitrate? Which of the
following will result in the fastest reaction between sodium chloride and silver nitrate?
A. crystals of the two reactants are placed in a mortar and ground up
B. large crystals of the two reactants are placed in contact with one another
C. powdered samples of the two reactants are mixed together
D. solutions of the two reactants are mixed together
34. Silver iodide is an insoluble salt. If solid sodium iodide and solid silver nitrate are mixed together a
reaction to for sodium nitrate and silver iodide occurs but it is extremely slow. However, if the sodium iodide
and silver nitrate are first dissolved in water and the two solutions are mixed the reaction occurs very
rapidly. Which of the following explain(s) the difference in reaction rates?
A. ions in solution have high mobility and ions of opposite charges are attracted to each other
B. the concentration of ions in solution is greater than the concentration of ions in the solid
C. both of the above
D. neither of the above
D. none of the above will have a significant effect on the rate of reaction
D. all of the above will be equally effective
37. The rate of reaction for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to yield water and oxygen is given by the
equation: Rate = k[H2O2] What units are associated with the rate constant k?
A. minutes
B. 1/minutes
C. moles/minute
D. none of these
38. Which of the following does not result from increasing the temperature of a reaction?
A. a larger fraction of the collisions are effective collisions
B. the concentrations of the reactants are increased
C. there are more collisions
D. none, all of the above are a result of increasing the temperature
39. When the concentration of a reactant is increased which of the following is true?
40. When the concentration of a reactant is decreased which of the following is true?
41. If a particular reactant is involved in the slowest step of a multi-step reaction what will be the effect of
increasing its concentration?
A. the reaction rate will always decrease
B. the reaction rate will usually decrease
C. the reaction rate will always increase
D. the reaction rate will usually increase
42. What is the effect of increasing the temperature at which a reaction is carried out?
43. What is the effect of decreasing the temperature at which a reaction is carried out?
44. The temperature effect on reaction rate is the result of which of the following?
A. at higher temperatures there are more collisions
B. at higher temperatures a larger fraction of the collisions are effective collisions
C. both a. and b.
A. 0.5 hour
B. 1 hour
C. 4 hours
D. 8 hours
A. 0.5 hour
B. 1 hour
C. 4 hours
D. 8 hours
47. In a certain chemical reaction 1.00 gram of product is produced in 15 minutes when the reaction is carried
out at 20C. Assuming that there is sufficient starting material available, about how much product will be
produced in the same length of time if the reaction is carried out in a boiling water bath at 100C?
A. 2.00 g
B. 16.0 g
C. 64.0 g
D. 256 g
48. Which of the following is the best definition of a catalyst?

A. A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
B. A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without participating in the reaction.
C. A catalyst is a material which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed during the
reaction.
D. all of the above are equally good definitions
49. The term “heterogenous catalyst” means which of the following?

A. a catalyst which does not have uniform composition
B. a catalyst which is of a different phase from that of the reaction it catalyzes
C. both a. and b.
A. it decreases the activation energy of the reaction
B. it increases the number of collisions between reacting molecules
C. it makes the reaction more endothermic
D. it makes the reaction more exothermic

D. it provides an alternative reaction pathway

53. Which of the following is true of fevers?

A. an increase in body temperature never has beneficial effects
B. a 1C increase in temperature can be protective
C. a 3C increase in temperature is invariably fatal
D. none of the above is true
54. Drug manufacturers use which of the following when making time release drugs?
A. control of the thickness of a drug coating
B. control of the size
C. both a. and b.
55. What is the purpose of the enteric coating of aspirin?

A. to control time release of the drug in the stomach
B. to insure drug release prior to the drug reaching the stomach
C. to insure drug release in the stomach
D. to insure drug release in the intestine
56. Which of the following statements is true about a reversible reaction?
A. All reversible reactions are exothermic.
B. All reversible reactions have low activation energy.
C. When we mix the reactants together one or more of the reactants will be completely used up.
D. When we mix the reactants together none of the reactants will be completely used up.
57. Which of the following is true of a reversible reaction?

A. Equilibrium can only be reached by mixing the starting materials.
B. Equilibrium can only be reached by mixing the products.
C. Equilibrium can only be reached by mixing specific amounts of starting materials and products.
D. Provided one is prepared to wait long enough, equilibrium will always be reached if any combination of
starting materials and products are mixed.
58. Which of the following an example of an equilibrium situation?

A. an unsaturated solution
B. a saturated solution
C. a supersaturated solution
D. all of the above
59. Which of the following is true of a reaction which has reached equilibrium?
A. the reactants have been completely converted to products
B. the rate of the forward reaction is faster than the rate of the reverse reaction
C. the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction
D. the rate of the forward reaction is slower than the rate of the reverse reaction
60. Consider a sample of water in a closed, rigid container. Which of the following would indicate that the
reaction has reached equilibrium?
A. the mass of the container remains constant
B. the pressure in the container remains constant
C. the volume of the container remains constant
D. all of the above
61. Consider a sample of water in a closed container. When the reaction has reached
equilibrium what can we say about any specific water molecule?
A. if it was present in the liquid it will always remain in the liquid
B. if it was present in the vapor it will always remain in the vapor
C. it will sometimes be in the liquid phase and sometimes in the vapor phase
D. both a. and b. are true
62. Which of the following symbols is used to denote a reversible reaction?
A. ®
B. 
C.
D. «
63. In writing the equilibrium constant expression we use square brackets. The notation [A] means which of
the following?
A. the mass of A
B. the number of moles of A
C. the molar concentration of A
64. Then notation [A]4 is equivalent to which of the following?

A. [A] + [A] + [A] + [A]
B. 1/([A] + [A] + [A] + [A])
C. [A] x [A] x [A] x [A]
D. 1/([A] x [A] x [A] x [A])
65. Which of the following must we know in order to write the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction?
A. the balanced chemical equation for the reaction
B. the rate at which the reaction occurs
C. both a. and b.
expression?
A. K = [H2][O2]/[H2O]
B. K = [H2O]/[H2][O2]
C. K = [H2O]2/[H2]2[O2]
D. K = [H2]2[O2]/[H2O]2
expression?
A. K = [H2][N2]/[NH3]
B. K = [NH3]/[H2][N2]
C. K = [H2]3[N2]/[NH3]2
D. K = [NH3]2/[H2]3[N2]
68. Acetic acid is the active ingredient in vinegar. In a solution of acetic acid the following equilibrium is
established. .The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 1.8 x 10
-5
. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction ?
A. 1.8 x 10 -5
B. 4.2 x 10 -3
C. 5.6 x 104
D. 3.1 x 109
A. 4.3 x 10 -8
B. 2.1 x 10 -4
C. 4.8 x 103
D. 2.3 x 107
A. 1.99 x 10 -15
B. 4.3 x 10 -8
C. 2.3 x 107
D. 5.3 x 1014

A. 0.099
B. 0.18
C. 5.4
D. 10
A. 0.099
B. 0.18
C. 5.4
D. 10

-8
=0.0200M, [N2] = 0.0100M and [NH3] = 5.37 x 10 M. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction?
A. 2.69 x 10 -4
B. 3.60 x 10 -8
C. 7.21 x 10 -10
D. 7.21 x 10 -11

=0.0200M, [N2] = 0.0100M and [NH3] = 5.37 x 10-8M. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction?
A. 3.72 x 103
B. 2.77 x 107
C. 1.39 x 109
D. 6.94 x 1010
75. Which of the following could be the equilibrium constant for a reaction which proceeds very far in the
direction of the products?
A. 1 x 10-15
B. 1 x 10- 2
C. 1 x 10 2
D. 1 x 10 15
76. Which of the following could be the equilibrium constant for a reaction which does not yield a significant
concentration of products?
A. 1 x 10-15
B. 1 x 10-2
C. 1 x 10 2
D. 1 x 10 15
77. In dilute solutions it is customary to omit the concentration of the solvent from the equilibrium constant
expression. Why is this done?
A. the concentration of solvent remains essentially constant
B. the solvent is not involved in the chemical reaction
C. both a. and b.
A. increasing the concentration of reactants
B. increasing the concentration of products
C. increasing the temperature
D. all of the above
A. increasing the concentration of the products
B. increasing the temperature
C. both a. and b.
A. increasing the concentration of the reactants
B. increasing the concentration of the products
C. both a. and b.
81. Which of the following is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction
?
A. K = [CH3COOH][C2H5OH]/[CH3COOC2H5][H2O]
B. K = [CH3COOC2H5][H2O]/[CH3COOH][C2H5OH]
C. K = [CH3COOH][C2H5OH]/[CH3COOC2H5]
D. K = [CH3COOC2H5]/[CH3COOH][C2H5OH]
82. A particular reaction has an equilibrium constant of 1 x 10 20. Which of the following best describes the
A. because the equilibrium constant is large the reaction proceeds rapidly
83. A particular reaction has an equilibrium constant of 1 x 10-15. Which of the following best describes the
A. because the equilibrium constant is small the reaction proceeds slowly
84. Le Chatelier’s Principle applies to which of the following systems?

A. a system in which the reaction is moving left to right
B. a system in which the reaction is moving right to left
C. a system which has reached equilibrium
D. all of the above
85. What is the effect of adding C2H5OH(l) to a container in which the reaction
86. What is the effect of adding H2O(l) to a container in which the reaction
87. Which of the following describes the effect of raising the temperature of an exothermic reaction which has
88. Which of the following describes the effect of raising the temperature of an endothermic reaction which has
89. If the exothermic reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the

effect of raising the temperature of the reaction vessel?
D. what happens depends on the initial temperature
lowering the temperature of the reaction vessel?
doubling the volume of the reaction vessel?
92. If the reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the effect of doubling
the volume of the reaction vessel?
A. adding H2 and removing NH3
B. adding H2 and lowering the temperature
C. adding H2 and raising the temperature
D. adding H2 and decreasing the volume
A. removing NH3 and adding H2
B. removing NH3 and lowering the temperature
C. removing NH3 and raising the temperature
D. removing NH3 and decreasing the volume
A. raising the temperature and increasing the volume
B. lowering the temperature and decreasing the volume
C. both a. and b.
A. raising the temperature and adding NH3
B. lowering the temperature and removing NH3
C. both a. and b.
97. When considering the effect of a catalyst on a system to which Le Chatelier’s Principle can be applied,
which of the following is true?
A. addition of a catalyst has absolutely no effect on the reaction
B. addition of a catalyst speeds up the forward reaction
C. addition of a catalyst speeds up the reverse reaction
D. addition of a catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reaction by the same amount
2009 Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, 9th Edition Test Bank
98. Which of the following is true of a catalyst for a reaction?

A. it decreases the equilibrium constant for the reaction
B. it increases the equilibrium constant for the reaction
C. it has no effect on the equilibrium constant for the reaction
D. any of the above, depending on the reaction involved
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1. Which of the following best describes the rates of chemical reaction?

2. Which of the following is the study of the rates of chemical reactions?

5. For the reaction A + B ® 2 C, which of the following statements is true?

9. Which of the following is true of the rates of most chemical reactions?

11. Which of the following is true of effective collisions?

19. Which of the following is true?

27. Which of the following is true of all multi-step reactions?

48. Which of the following is the best definition of a catalyst?

49. The term “heterogenous catalyst” means which of the following?

51. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction as a result of which of the following?

52. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction as a result of which of the following?

53. Which of the following is true of fevers?

55. What is the purpose of the enteric coating of aspirin?

57. Which of the following is true of a reversible reaction?

58. Which of the following an example of an equilibrium situation?

64. Then notation [A]4 is equivalent to which of the following?

71. For the reaction at 25C equilibrium is established when

73. For the reaction at 472C equilibrium is established when [H2]

74. For the reaction at 472C equilibrium is established when [H2]

84. Le Chatelier’s Principle applies to which of the following systems?

89. If the exothermic reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the

1. Which of the following best describes the rates of chemical reaction?

2. Which of the following is the study of the rates of chemical reactions?

5. For the reaction A + B ® 2 C, which of the following statements is true?

9. Which of the following is true of the rates of most chemical reactions?

11. Which of the following is true of effective collisions?

19. Which of the following is true?

27. Which of the following is true of all multi-step reactions?

48. Which of the following is the best definition of a catalyst?

49. The term “heterogenous catalyst” means which of the following?

51. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction as a result of which of the following?

52. A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction as a result of which of the following?

53. Which of the following is true of fevers?

55. What is the purpose of the enteric coating of aspirin?

57. Which of the following is true of a reversible reaction?

58. Which of the following an example of an equilibrium situation?

64. Then notation [A]4 is equivalent to which of the following?

71. For the reaction at 25C equilibrium is established when

73. For the reaction at 472C equilibrium is established when [H2]

74. For the reaction at 472C equilibrium is established when [H2]

84. Le Chatelier’s Principle applies to which of the following systems?

89. If the exothermic reaction has reached equilibrium, what is the

98. Which of the following is true of a catalyst for a reaction?

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