Manual testing is the process of testing the software manually to find

the defects. Tester should have the perspective of an end-user and to

A
ut

ensure all the features are working as mentioned in the requirement

M
om

an
document. In this process, testers execute the test cases and generate

ua
at

the reports manually without using any automation tools.

io

lT
Vs.
n

es
Te

ti
s

ng
ti

WHAT IS?
ng

Automation testing is the process of testing the software

using an automation tools to find the defects . In this process,
executing the test scripts and generating the results are
performed automatically by automation tools.
Benefits: User perspective, Flexibility, Adaptability, Low costs
Weaknesses: Some tests can hardly be accomplished, Human error, Tedious
Used for this types of testing: Exploratory testing, Ad hoc testing, Usability testing,
Functional testing with frequent changes, Low-volume regression testing, Hotfix testing

M
an
u
al
Benefits: Speed, Re-usability, Immediate results
Weaknesses: Complex maintenance when the requirements
change frequently, Some test are too complicated to automated, Check
only the predefined problems, Take time to develop, Expensive tools,
Automation tools can have own bugs

A
ut
Used for this types of testing: Performance testing, Data

om
at
warehouse testing, Repeatable functional testing, High-volume

oni
regression testing
 Some Differences

M
an
ua
A

- Uses automation tools to execute test cases. - Test cases are executed by a human tester and software.

l
ut
om
at

- Is significantly faster than a manual approach. - Is time-consuming and takes up human resources.
io
n

- Does not allow random testing. - Exploratory testing is possible.

- The initial investment in the automated testing is higher. Though the ROI - The initial investment in the Manual testing is comparatively lower. ROI is
is better in the long run. lower compared to Automation testing in the long run.

- Is a reliable method, as it is performed by tools and scripts. There is no - Is not as accurate because of the possibility of the human errors.
testing Fatigue.

- For even a trivial change in the UI of the AUT, Automated Test Scripts - Small changes like change in id, class, etc. of a button wouldn’t thwart
need to be modified to work as expected. execution of a manual tester.

- Investment is required for testing tools as well as automation engineers. - Investment is needed for human resources.

- Not cost effective for low volume regression. - Not cost effective for high volume regression.

- All stakeholders can login into the automation system and check test - Are usually recorded in an Excel or Word, and test results are not readily/
execution results readily available.

- Does not involve human consideration. So it can never give assurance of - Allows human observation, which may be useful to offer user-friendly
user-friendliness and positive customer experience. system.

- Performance Tests like Load Testing, Stress Testing, Spike Testing, etc. - Performance Testing is not feasible manually.
have to be tested by an automation tool compulsorily.

- Programming knowledge is a must in automation testing. - No need for programming in Manual Testing.
 Both automation and manual testing are part of the software
testing process, the real value of both comes when the right type of
testing is applied in the right environment.