Organic Contaminant Removal

from Wastewater: Biological Treatment

part 2- Type of Equipment
Water and Industrial Waste Treatment Course

Lisendra Marbelia, PhD

Danang Tri Hartanto, MEng

Department of Chemical Engineering

Universitas Gadjah Mada
This materials is compiled from various sources and is for private use only, not for public.
Remember COD
• COD and BOD analysis – important for organic removal process, i.e. activated
sludge or anaerobic process.
• COD indicates the substrate concentration in biological process.
COD components
COD fractinations
Remember TS; VSS

VSS – volatile suspended

solids is used to indicated
the amount of cells in
biological process
Typical Domestic Wastewater
Example 7-1 (Metcalf & Eddy, 2003)
Rate Utilization of Soluble Substrates
Substrate Utilization vs COD
Typical Kinetic Coefficient
Suspended Growth Treatment Processes
CMAS (completely mixed activated sludge)
CMAS: Sludge Retention Time
• SRT : sludge retention time
CMAS: Cell Mass Balance

𝑉 b = specific endogenous decay Biomass concentration (X) is influenced by the

𝜏 = = 𝐻𝑅𝑇 SRT = sludge retention time operational condition, kinetic coefficient, and
𝑄
HRT = hydraulic retention time influent concentration
CMAS : Substrate Mass Balance

Effluent concentration is influenced by the operational condition,

kinetic coefficient, and but not by influent concentration. Influent
concentration influence the biomass concentration only.
Design & Operating Parameters: F/M

High F/M ratio, High specific loading rate,

High substrate utilization

By substituting, value of S and rsu from previous

equations, final equation is obtained.
It can be seen that:
High F/M ratio → lower SRT value

Example:
- SRT 20-30 day → F/M 0.1-0.05 gBOD/gvss.d
- SRT 5-7 day → F/M 0.3-0.5 gBOD/gvss.d
Design & Operating Parameters: OLR
Activated Sludge Process: Suspended Growth
ASP with Membranes
Attached Growth – Aerobic Process (1)
Attached Growth – Aerobic Process (2)
Anaerobic Technology
Thank you!