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    Hydropower Lab Sheet

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    Hydropower Lab Sheet

    Uploaded by

    bigyan thapa
    6 views12 pages

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    Hydropower-Lab-Sheet

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    6 views12 pages

    Hydropower Lab Sheet

    Uploaded by

    bigyan thapa

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 12
    ‘NO. PELTON WHEEL EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE To determine the performance characteristics of a model Pelton wheel. SCOPE : Pelton turbine is an impulse turbine and is used for generating electricity in high head hydro power projects. It is necessary to operate the turbine at maximum efficiency which can be achieved by having the head constant or speed constant. The study of performance characteristic enables one to understand the operating condition for which maximum efficiency is obtained. RATUS : PELTON wheel model with supply system THEORY ; @ — Hydraulié power input = rQ H watts Where, r = Specific weight in N/m}, Q= Discharge in m’/s. H= Head in meter, (>) Where, N= Speed in rpm T=Torque in Nm. © Efficiency = output /input x 100% EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE (@) Start the pump and allow the turbine to run for about 15 minutes to allow conditions to settle. (©) Open the spear valve to adjust the inlet pressure to get 18m of water pressure by adjusting the open control valve and allow condition to settle, (©) Note the speed, flow rate through the Vee notch and the brake spring balance reading. @ Load the brake in ten stages, until stalling speed is produced and at each landing stage take observation as in c. Inlet Pressure = 20 meter head Lever Area = 25cm or 0.25m. (x Ie 4 OS ) Number of | VeoNotch reading | Speed rpm. Brake Load N observations mm 1 99-5 9é Sb = 2 106.4 23, 4.8! 3 119.0 S206 62 cy a 190.2 19.4, ee. 2 gece ods igs 26.6) 6 96.50 WEAN a 7 8 9 10 CALCULATION ; a) Actual discharge Qu. 9- a5 b) Hydraulic power input. eA ‘p08 -0 ©) Mechanical power input. 4) Efficiency for each reading. ©) Show the sketch or figure of the apparatus and simple description PRESENTATION : a) Showa sample calculation b) Present the result in a tabular form. Number of [Discharge] Hydraulic power input] Mechanical Power ouiput [Efficiency observation! Q [Head of [Power QH| Speed [Load]Torque T[Power] % m/s water watt N Nm 1 2 3 4 5 6 a 8 9 10 | ©) Plot output power versus speed and efficiency of the turbine versus speed. COMMENTS: Comment on the characteristics, maximum operation efficiency and suitability of Pelton wheel in hydro power projects in Nepal. FRANCIS TURBINE EXPERIMENT OBJECTIVE : ‘To determine the performaice characteristics of a small scale Francis turbine. SCOPE : Francis turbine is a reaction turbine used for medium head hydro power projects. Study of its characteristics enables one to decide its speed or head at which it will have to be run for maximum efficiency during operation. APPARATUS : a) Francis turbine set b) Tachometer THEORY; (®) Hydraulic Power Input = rQH. ‘Where, P (R) = Specific weight in N/m*. Q= Discharge in m/s. H = Effective head in meter. = (Pi—Po) Where, Py = Inlet pressure Fo = Draft tube pressure _2n NT (®) Mechanical power output = "=p Where, N = Speed in RPM. T=Torque in Nm. vemey x QUPU 1900 © Efficiency = Fee * 100% - EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE. (@) Check the closing of the guide vanes. (b) Close the pump delivery valve and start the pump and allow it to run for few minutes. (©) Set the pony brake arrangement to minimum resistance. (@ Set the guide vane at full open condition. (© At this stage record : @ — Manometer reading on orifice. (i) Vee Notch reading Gii) Brake load (iv) Inlet pressure, and () Draft tube pressure (Gradually open the pump delivery valve to get an inlet pressure of about 18m of water and allow the turbine to run for few minutes at full speed. (g) Record: @ — Manometer reading on orifice. Gi) Vee Notch readin . (iii) Brake load. (iv) Inlet pressure, (¥) Draft tube pressure, and (vi) Speed, OTE: Cooling water should be applied to the brake drum at regular intervals and oil should be applied through oil drop device on the wheel. (h) Apply load on the brake drum to bring stalling speed at about six stage and take observation as in (g). @ Repeat the procedure for two setting of adjustable guide vane (2/3 open and 1/3 open). OBSERVATIONS ; Preliminary Readings : Orifice reading = Vee notch readin, Inlet pressure = Outlet pressure = Brake load = uondurosap ojduns pue styeredde yp amy ap mous (y ARIAT @ anduy 1omod yeormewoayy Surpeor yoro soy Aur — (Pp “(@) pur (e) Jo oBezone se aBreyosip wey (0 gndur zomod © =O aBreypstp yoo sa, (q a peoyoanoayg = (P *O osxeyosip yO (B TNOLVINOTVO 9 s + WI TT € z I oF ALES Sr oF z Say oS ¢ Sore SOT a Fe SFE ORS oA ¥ 3be zor 3 or 3e & wed 7e € DIIC SaF Za) Bo OF Bee c O3Er get °: ord SOF 6S 1 9 s + Wao Ta € z I wd TOTEM JO GPa JO AR JEM JOU FAR JO “NU ‘BaMeg SUOTEATESGO mi poodg | unpaonecea | Supeos soyzig | amssard oqm yer | amssarg ypu | o8uep anbroy | auea spmo —_ | joz0quinny FxOST WSPT'O = SMIpes ware aTIO snooty Guus nnd /xoud (sh Bh OK £9 (TI'ES'TS 'TS! 05807 ‘Tedoy ur surg stouesy ASHeIOEIeYD et, uo wou) TSINEWINOO : ue sngeredde aup yo amfiyy aun aso [poads snsioa

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