CHITTAGONG UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

NAME OF THE ASSIGNMENT

Foundation selection, Design of Slab, Beam and Column

COURSE NO: CE-412

COURSE TITLE: Structural Analysis & Design (Sessional-III)

REMARKS ID NO: 1601001-1601013

SECTION: A
GROUP: A1
LEVEL: 04 TERM: I
 Foundation selection
1. Shallow Foundation:
Soil bearing capacity from SPT value,

Borehole-01:

Bowles Qa
Depth (m) Depth(ft) SPT K B Meyerhof's Qa (kip/sqrtft)
(kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 2 1.33 <= 4 0.37593985 0.601503759

3 9.84 4 1.33 8 0.634398496 0.951597744

4 13.12 2 1.33 8 0.317199248 0.475798872

5 16.4 2 1.33 8 0.317199248 0.475798872

Borehole-02:
Depth Meyerhof's Qa Bowles Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B
(m) (kip/sqrtft) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 6 1.33 <= 4 1.127819549 1.804511278

3 9.84 6 1.33 8 0.951597744 1.427396617

4 13.12 12 1.33 8 1.903195489 2.854793233

5 16.4 8 1.33 8 1.268796992 1.903195489

Borehole-03:
Depth Meyerhof's Qa Bowles Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B
(m) (kip/sqrtft) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 1 1.33 <= 4 0.187969925 0.30075188

3 9.84 4 1.33 8 0.634398496 0.951597744

4 13.12 4 1.33 8 0.634398496 0.951597744

5 16.4 2 1.33 8 0.317199248 0.475798872

Borehole-04:
Depth Meyerhof's Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B Bowles Qa (kip/sqrtft)
(m) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 7 1.33 <= 4 1.315789474 2.105263158

3 9.84 7 1.33 8 1.110197368 1.665296053

4 13.12 9 1.33 8 1.427396617 2.141094925

5 16.4 10 1.33 8 1.585996241 2.378994361

Borehole-05:
Depth Meyerhof's Qa Bowles Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B
(m) (kip/sqrtft) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 6 1.33 <= 4 1.127819549 1.804511278

3 9.84 10 1.33 8 1.585996241 2.378994361

4 13.12 5 1.33 8 0.79299812 1.18949718

5 16.4 2 1.33 8 0.317199248 0.475798872

Borehole-06:
Depth Meyerhof's Qa Bowles Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B
(m) (kip/sqrtft) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 12 1.33 <= 4 2.255639098 3.609022556

3 9.84 16 1.33 8 2.537593985 3.806390977

4 13.12 12 1.33 8 1.903195489 2.854793233

5 16.4 10 1.33 8 1.585996241 2.378994361

Borehole-07:
Depth Bowles Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B Meyerhof's Qa (kip/sqrtft)
(m) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 14 1.33 <= 4 2.631578947 4.210526316

3 9.84 12 1.33 8 1.903195489 2.854793233

4 13.12 14 1.33 8 2.220394737 3.330592105

5 16.4 10 1.33 8 1.585996241 2.378994361

Borehole-08:
Depth Bowles Qa
Depth(ft) SPT K B Meyerhof's Qa (kip/sqrtft)
(m) (kip/sqrtft)

2 6.56 8 1.33 <= 4 1.503759398 2.406015038

3 9.84 11 1.33 8 1.744595865 2.616893797

4 13.12 8 1.33 8 1.268796992 1.903195489

5 16.4 11 1.33 8 1.744595865 2.616893797

Bearing Capacity by Meyerhof,

𝑁 𝐵+0.3 2 𝑆𝑒
qnet = ∗( ) ∗ 𝐹𝑑 ∗ (25)
0.8 𝐵

Df (m) 3

B (m) 3

N (average) 5

qnet (Kpa) 24.1395

Fd 1.33
In shallow foundation we got the average of N value is 5

Where, N= 5 means medium cohesive soil

 If we design shallow foundation the width of the footing is increasing. But

there is a probability to occur uneven settlement hence the soil in 5m is
medium cohesive soil.
 The bearing capacity is not adequate to provide shallow foundation at 2-5m
depth
2. Mat or Raft Foundation:
Mat on Clay: Mat foundation in purely cohesive soils have the following ultimate
bearing capacity:
0.195B 0.4Df
qult(net) = 5.14 cu (1+ ) (1+ )
L B

Here,

Cu = Undrained cohesion of soil

B = Width of the building

L = Length of the building

Df = Depth of mat foundation

Mat on Sand: The allowable bearing capacity of a mat foundation in granular soil
was proposed by Meyerhof (with a Factor of Safety of 3) to be based on the
corrected to a 55% efficiency as,
N60 0.33Df ∆Sc ∆Sc
qnet(all) = [1 + ][ ] ≤ 16.63N60 [ ]
0.08 B 25.4mm 25.4mm

Here,

N60 = Corrected SPT value

B = Width of the building

Df = Depth of mat foundation

∆Sc = Allowable settlement for mat foundation

Skempton and MacDonald suggested the following permissible settlements,

Sand: Maximum total settlement = 40-65 mm for rafts

Clay: Maximum total settlement = 65-100 mm for rafts

Building Dimensions:

L= 102’5.5’’

B= 91’3.5’’

∴Area = (L*B) = 9354 ft2

Total column load of our building = 34604.5 kip

Determination of Depth Df,

Q 34604.5×103 lb
Df = = = 30.99 ≡ 31ft
Aγ 9354 ft2 ×119.3603 lb/ft3

 The basement of our building covers 10ft. So we will need to provide mat
foundation below the basement at a depth of (31-10) = 21ft which is not at all
suitable.
 The cost will be huge to bear to provide mat foundation below the basement
at 21 ft.
3. Pile Foundation:
Depth Vs N Value Respect to Average N
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
the Bore Hole Location Value
2 2 6 1 7 6 12 14 8 7
3 4 6 4 7 10 16 12 11 8.75
4 2 12 4 9 5 12 14 8 8.25
5 2 8 2 10 2 10 10 11 6.875
6 4 8 2 12 3 6 8 4 5.875
7.5 2 14 2 10 5 2 6 8 6.125
9 4 4 2 4 2 2 3 3 3
10.5 4 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2.5
12 3 2 4 28 2 1 2 2 5.5
13.5 7 2 13 50 2 1 7 2 10.5
15 5 5 50 37 3 3 2 3 13.5
16.5 6 3 18 6 4 2 2 3 5.5
18 6 6 12 10 3 2 3 4 5.75
19.5 5 8 18 16 32 7 3 12 12.625
21 6 26 50 50 50 5 8 6 25.125
22.5 15 50 20 24 50 8 7 5 22.375
24 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
25.5 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Corrected
Depth in Length of Pile in Skin Friction
qs = N Avg. N Qs = qsAs
meter meter Area, As
Value
0~1.5 1.5 2.87 0.0 7.0 3.50 10.06
3 1.5 2.87 7.0 8.8 7.88 22.63
4.5 1.5 2.87 8.8 8.3 8.50 24.42
6 1.5 2.87 8.3 6.9 7.56 21.73
7.5 1.5 2.87 6.9 5.9 6.38 18.32
9 1.5 2.87 5.9 6.1 6.00 17.24
10.5 1.5 2.87 6.1 3.0 4.56 13.11
12 1.5 2.87 3.0 2.5 2.75 7.90
13.5 1.5 2.87 2.5 5.5 4.00 11.49
15 1.5 2.87 5.5 10.5 8.00 22.99
16.5 1.5 2.87 10.5 13.5 12.00 34.48
18 1.5 2.87 13.5 5.5 9.50 27.30
19.5 1.5 2.87 5.5 5.8 5.63 16.16
21 1.5 2.87 5.8 12.6 9.19 26.40
22.5 1.5 2.87 12.6 25.1 18.88 54.24
24 1.5 2.87 25.1 22.4 23.75 68.24
25.5 1.5 2.87 22.4 50.0 36.19 103.98
500.69
Cast in situ pile
foundation

Diameter of Pile , B 24 inch 0.61 meter

Length of Pile , L 24 meter
Factor of Safety 2.5

Average N Value 50 For 24 meter length of pile

Formula
qp =
End Bearing Capacity, qp 39360 ≤ 10000
20N
≤ 200N
So End Bearing Capacity,
10000 KN
qp
Area of Pile , Ap 0.292 m2

KN Qu = Qp + Qs = qpAp + qsAs
Ultimate Bearing Capacity Qu 3420.8213
342 Ton

Allowable Bearing Capacity, 137 Ton

Qa Where Ap =
qs = N &
As =
Column load 252.65095 Ton
Group
92%
Efficincy
3
So Group Pile Required Nos
No. of piles required & estimation:

Chips (Cft)
Length (m)

Amount of

Amount of

Amount of
Sand (Cft)
ment (Kg)

Spiral ties
Reinforce
Required

Required

Required

Required

Required
Location

diameter

required
Column

Vertical

Cement
No. of

(Bag)
Piles

(Kg)
Pile

Pile
(m)

1B 0.61 5 2 296 113.4 28 50 100

1C 0.61 5 5 740 283.5 70 125 250
1D 0.61 15 3 1413 544.5 108 201.6 402.9
1E 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
1G 0.61 24 5 3822.5 1474 280 525.3 1050.5
1I 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
1J 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
3B 0.61 5 2 296 113.4 28 50 100
3C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
3D 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
3I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
3J 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
4C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
4D 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
4E 0.61 24 6 4587 1768.8 336 630.3 1260.6
4H 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
4I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
4J 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
5C 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
5D 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
5E 0.61 24 5 3822.5 1474 280 525.3 1050.5
5H 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
5I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
5J 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
6C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
6D 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
6E 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
6H 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
6I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
6J 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
7C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
7D 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
7E 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
7H 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
7I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
7J 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
8A 0.61 5 3 444 170.1 42 75 150
 8C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
8D 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
8E 0.61 24 4 3058 1179.2 224 420.2 840.4
8H 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
8I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
8J 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
9F 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
9H 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
10C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
10D 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
10E 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
11H 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
12A 0.61 5 3 444 170.1 42 75 150
12C 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
12D 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
12E 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
12F 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
12H 0.61 24 2 1529 589.6 112 210.1 420.2
12I 0.61 24 3 2293.5 884.4 168 315.2 630.3
Total 113721 43846.2 8382 15704.9 31407.3

Now, Selecting (a) Vertical reinforcement = 20mm-12Nos

(b) Spiral ties = 16mm @ 200mm

Cost of vertical reinforcement 20mm dia = (113.721 ton * 64000) = 7278144Tk

Cost of spiral ties 16mm dia = (43.8462 * 64000) = 2806156.8 Tk

Cost of cement (8382 * 410) = 3436620 Tk

Cost of sand (15704.9 * 41) = 643900 Tk

Cost of chips (31407.3 * 40) = 1256292 Tk

Foundation recommendation: The foundation we are selecting for our
project is pile foundation. The reasons behind are as follows:

 The bearing capacity of the soil is not adequate and there are layers of high
bearing capacity of soil deep down which is located at 24 m. So it will be
convenient to use pile foundation at this depth.
 In case of designing shallow foundation, the soil report shows lower bearing
capacity in upper layer of the soil and could occur uneven settlement.
 To attain the stability of the structure pile foundation is suggested.
 In case of mat foundation the required depth is 31ft which is not appropriate
to adopt in terms of cost and depth.

Design of Slab
Slab-1: (13.01’ x 11,205’)
Minimum thickness of slab:
Required, h = 2 x (13.01 + 11.205)*12/180 = 3.3 in
6 in (provided).So provided > required. (ok)
Dead load =( 6/12) x 150 = 75 psf, Live load = 42 psf, Floor finishing =
25psf
Total load = 1.4 x 100+ 1.7 x 42 = 211.4 psf.
Ratio of panel side, m = la / lb = 11.205/ 13.01 = 0.86
Negative moment at continuous edge: {case 4- BNBC 20- page-3544-3545}
Ma neg = 0.067 x211.4 x 11.2052 = 1778.3 lb-ft.
Mb neg = 0.033 x 211.4 x 13.012 = 1180.8 lb-ft.
Positive moment: {case 4-, BNBC 20- page-3542}
Ma pos . dl = 0.036x211.4 x 11.2052 = 955.5 lb-ft.
Ma pos . ll = 0.043 x 211.4 x 11.2052 = 1141.3 lb-ft.
Ma pos . total = 955.5+ 1141.3= 2097 lb-ft.
Mb.pos. dl = 0.019 x 211.4 x 13.012 = 679.85 lb-ft.
Mb.pos.ll = 0.023 x 211.4 x 13.012 = 822.98 lb-ft.
Mb pos . total = 679.85+822.98= 1503 lb-ft.
Negative moment at discontinuous edge:
Ma neg = 1778.3 x1/3 = 593 lb-ft.
Mb neg = 1180.8 x 1/3= 394 lb-ft.
Calculation of reinforcement:
Short direction:
1. For Positive moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.002* 12 * 6 =0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (2097*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.14/2)} = 0.095 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.14 (ok)
Spacing= ( steel area*12)/As = (0.11*12)/0.144 = 9”
Using 2# 3 bar @ 9” C /C.
2. For negative moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (1778.3*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.12/2)} = 0.08 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.12 (ok)
Extra top = (S*2* As/12 )- Steel area = 0.11
Using 1#3bar Extra top between two ckd
Long direction:
3. For Positive moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.002* 12 * 6 =0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (1503*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.1/2)} = 0.068 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.1 (ok)
Spacing= ( steel area*12)/As = (0.11*12)/0.144 = 9”
Using 2 # 3 bar @ 9” C /C.
4. For negative moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (1180.3*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.12/2)} = 0.052 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.075 (ok)
Extra top = (S*2* As/12 )- Steel area = 0.11
Using 1 #3bar Extra top between two ckd

Slab-2: (13.01’ x 9.66’) p2

Minimum thickness of slab:
Required, h = 2 x (13.01 + 9.66)*12/180 = 3.03 in
6 in (provided).So provided > required. (ok)
Dead load =( 6/12) x 150 = 75 psf, Live load = 42 psf, Floor finishing =
25psf
Total load = 1.4 x 100+ 1.7 x 42 = 211.4 psf.
Ratio of panel side, m = la / lb = 9.66/ 13.01 = 0.75
Negative moment at continuous edge: {case 4- BNBC 20- page-3544-3545}
Ma neg = 0.067 x211.4 x 11.2052 = 1778.3 lb-ft.
Mb neg = 0.033 x 211.4 x 13.012 = 1180.8 lb-ft.
Positive moment: {case 4-, BNBC 20- page-3542}
Ma pos . dl = 0.036x211.4 x 11.2052 = 955.5 lb-ft.
Ma pos . ll = 0.043 x 211.4 x 11.2052 = 1141.3 lb-ft.
Ma pos . total = 955.5+ 1141.3= 2097 lb-ft.
Mb.pos. dl = 0.019 x 211.4 x 13.012 = 679.85 lb-ft.
Mb.pos.ll = 0.023 x 211.4 x 13.012 = 822.98 lb-ft.
Mb pos . total = 679.85+822.98= 1503 lb-ft.
Negative moment at discontinuous edge:
Ma neg = 1778.3 x1/3 = 593 lb-ft.
 Mb neg = 1180.8 x 1/3= 394 lb-ft.
Calculation of reinforcement:
Short direction:
1. For Positive moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.002* 12 * 6 =0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (2097*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.14/2)} = 0.095 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.14 (ok)
Spacing= ( steel area*12)/As = (0.11*12)/0.144 = 9”
Using 2# 3 bar @ 9” C /C.
2. For negative moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (1778.3*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.12/2)} = 0.08 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.12 (ok)
Extra top = (S*2* As/12 )- Steel area = 0.11
Using 1#3bar Extra top between two ckd
Long direction:
3. For Positive moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.002* 12 * 6 =0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (1503*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.1/2)} = 0.068 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.1 (ok)
Spacing= ( steel area*12)/As = (0.11*12)/0.144 = 9”
Using 2 # 3 bar @ 9” C /C.
4. For negative moment:
As min = 0.002*b*t = 0.144 in2
As =M/{∅ fy (d-a/2)} = (1180.3*12/1000)/{ 0.9* 60(5-0.12/2)} = 0.052 in2
a=(As fy)/(0.85*fc*b)= 0.075 (ok)
Extra top = (S*2* As/12 )- Steel area = 0.11
Using 1 #3bar Extra top between two ckd

Design of Beam
AB Beam:
a) Load on slab: 211.4 psf

f’c=4000 psi , fy=60,000 psi

b) Load calculation:

Beam n between A and B grid on grid 1

Trapezoidal panel:

T1=0.5*(13.01+1.0805)5.6025=39.47
Beam width(12*20)

Self weight=(12*20)/144*150/1000 = 0.25kip/ft

Factored self weight=0.25*1.4=0.35kip/ft

Load from slab=(0.211*39.47)/13.01=0.64kip/ft

Partition wall on beam=0.48kip/ft

Total load=0.35+0.64+0.48=1.47kip/f

c) Moment and reinforcement:

At grid 1 and joint A

-Mu=(WL2)/16=(1.47*13.012)/16=15.55*12=186.6kip-inch

At grid 1,joint B

-Mu=(WL2)/9=(1.47*13.012)/9=331.75kip-inch

At mid span,

+Mu=(WL2)/14==(1.47*13.012)/14=213.27 kip-inch

Here,d=20-2.5-2=15.5 inch

From table A(Tension controlled) [ref: nilson pg:745]

𝜌0.005 =0.0135 and 𝜌 =0.9

𝐴𝑠 =𝜌0.005 *b*d=0.0135*12*15.5=2.511 inch2

a =(Asfy )/0.85f’cb =(2.511*60)/(0.85*4*12)=3.7”

a <hf ,rectangular beam analysis

𝑎
𝑐= =3.7/0.85=4.34”
𝛽1

𝑎
Mn =Asfy (d - ) = 2.511*60(15.5-(3.7/2)) =2056.5 kip-inch
2

∅𝑀n =2056.5*0.9=1850.85 kip inch >Mu (ok)

the beam will be designed as singly reinforcement for midspan , grid-1-A & 1-B
joints.

For grid 1-A joint,

Assuming a=5”
𝑀𝑢/∅
-As= 𝑎 =(186.6/0.9)/{60(15.5-2.5)}=0.26in2
𝑓𝑦(𝑑− )
2

a =(Asfy )/0.85f’cb=(0.26*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.38 inch

-As=(186.6/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.38/2))}=0.22 inch2

a =(0.22*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.32 inch

-As=(186.6/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.32/2))}=0.22 inch2

For midspan ,

Assuming a =3”

+As=(213.27/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(3/2))}=0.28 inch2

a =(0.28*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.397 inch

+As=(213.27/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.397/2))}=0.25 inch2

a =(0.25*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.37 inch

+As=(213.27/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.37/2))}=0.25 inch2

For grid 1-B joint,

Assuming a=5”
𝑀𝑢/∅
-As= 𝑎 =(331.75/0.9)/{60(15.5-2.5)}=0.46in2
𝑓𝑦(𝑑− )
2

a =(Asfy )/0.85f’cb=(0.46*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.68 inch

-As=(331.75/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.68/2))}=0.39 inch2

a =(0.39*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.57 inch

-As=(331.75/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.57/2))}=0.39 inch2

The summaries of reinforcement are as follows,

At midspan +As=0.25 in2

Grid 1-A joint , -As=0.22 in2

Grid 1-B joint, -As=0.39 in2

d) Shear design:
Vu=0.5 wL =0.5*1.47*13.01=9.25 kip

∅𝑉𝑢 = 2 × ∅√𝑓 ′ 𝑐 × 𝑏𝑑=2*0.75*√4000*12*20=22.77 kip

Using ∅ 10 mm as shear reinforcement,

Smax=(Avfy)/(50 bw)=(2*0.121*60000)/(50*12)=24”

Smin=15.5/2=7.75”
∅Av fy d
𝑠= =(0.75*2*0.121*15.5*60)/(22.77-9.25)=12.48”≈12”
𝑉𝑢 −∅𝑉𝑎

DF Beam:
a) Load on slab: 211.4 psf

f’c=4000 psi , fy=60,000 psi

b) Load calculation:

Beam n between 2 and 3 grid on grid B

Triangular panel: T1=0.5*9.66*4.83=23.3 ft2=T2

Beam width(12*20)

Self weight=(12*20)/144*150/1000 = 0.25kip/ft

Factored self weight=0.25*1.4=0.35kip/ft

Load from slab={(0.211*23.3)/9.66}+{(0.211*23.3)/9.66}=1.02 kip/ft

Partition wall on beam=0.48kip/ft

Total load=0.35+1.02+0.48=1.85kip/ft

c) Moment and reinforcement:

At grid 2 and joint B

-Mu=(WL2)/9=(1.85*9.662)/9=19.18*12=230.16 kip-inch

At grid 3,joint B

-Mu=(WL2)/9=(1.85*9.662)/9=230.16 kip-inch

At mid span,
+Mu=(WL2)/14==(1.85*9.662)/14=147.96 kip-inch

Here , d=20-2.5-2=15.5 inch

From table A.4(Tension controlled) [ref: nilson pg:745]

𝜌0.005 =0.0135 and 𝜌 =0.9

𝐴𝑠 =𝜌0.005 *b*d=0.0135*12*15.5=2.511 inch2

a =(Asfy )/0.85f’cb =(2.511*60)/(0.85*4*12)=3.7”

a <hf ,rectangular beam analysis

𝑎
𝑐= =3.7/0.85=4.34”
𝛽1

𝑎
Mn =Asfy (d - ) = 2.511*60(15.5-(3.7/2)) =2056.5 kip-inch
2

∅𝑀n =2056.5*0.9=1850.85 kip inch >Mu (ok)

The beam will be designed as singly reinforcement for midspan , grid-2-B & 3-
B joints.

For grid 2-B & 3-B joints,

Assuming a=5”
𝑀𝑢/∅
-As= 𝑎 =(230.16/0.9)/{60(15.5-2.5)}=0.32in2
𝑓𝑦(𝑑− )
2

a =(Asfy )/0.85f’cb=(0.32*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.47 inch

-As=(230.16/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.47/2))}=0.27inch2

a =(0.27*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.40 inch

-As=(230.16/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.40/2))}=0.27 inch2

For midspan ,

Assuming a =3”

+As=(147.96/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(3/2))}=0.19 inch2

a =(0.19*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.279 inch

+As=(147.96/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.279/2))}=0.17 inch2
a =(0.17*60)/(0.85*4*12)=0.25 inch

+As=(147.96/0.9)/{60*(15.5-(0.25/2))}=0.17 inch2

The summaries of reinforcement are as follows,

At midspan ,+As=0.17 in2

Grid 2-B joint , -As=0.27 in2

Grid 3-B joint, -As=0.27 in2

d) Shear design:

Vu=0.5 wL =0.5*1.85*9.66=8.94 kip

∅𝑉𝑢 = 2 × ∅√𝑓 ′ 𝑐 × 𝑏𝑑=2*0.75*√4000*12*20=22.77 kip

Using ∅ 10 mm as shear reinforcement,

Smax=(Avfy)/(50 bw)=(2*0.121*60000)/(50*12)=24”

Smin=15.5/2=7.75”
∅Av fy d
𝑠= = (0.75*2*0.121*15.5*60)/(22.77-8.94)=11.99”≈11.5”
𝑉𝑢 −∅𝑉𝑎

Design of Column
Total length of beam=8+9=17 ft

For column C1:

Area of supported slab=8*9=72ft2

Slab thickness=6”

Beam size=12”*20”
12×20
Dead load of beam= × 150 =250 psf
12×12

150×6
For other slab, Sw = =75 psf
12

FF=25 psf,PW=480 psf

So, total dead load=580 psf

For roof slab

Sw=150*(6/12)=75 psf , FF=20 psf

So,total=95 psf

LL for commercial purpose= 63 psf

DL for slab=(72*580)/1000=42 k

LL for slab=(72*63)/1000=5 k

Sw of beam=(17*250)/1000=4.3 k

Sw of column=10%(42+5+4.3)k =5.13 k

For one storied,

PDL=(42+5.13+4.3)k =51.6k

PLL=5 k

Pu=1.4PDL+1.7LL=(1.4*51.6)+(1.7*5)=80.8 k

For 10 storied building Pu =80.8*10=808 k

Here,

Pu= 808 k , 𝛼 = 0.8 ,𝜑 = 0.7 ,𝜌𝑔 = 0.025

Pu
= 𝐴𝑔 [0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐(1 − 𝜌𝑔 ) + 𝜌𝑔 𝑓𝑦 ]
𝛼𝜑

808
Or, = 𝐴𝑔 [0.85 × 4(1 − 0.025) + 0.025 × 60
0.7×0.8

So, 𝐴𝑔 = 300 inch2

Use 12”*25” column,

Pu
= [0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑠 ) + 𝐴𝑠 × 60]
𝛼𝜑

808
= 0.85 × 4(300 − 𝐴𝑠 ) + 𝐴𝑠 × 60
0.7×0.8

As =7.5 inch2

Use 10-25 mm bar ,

0.79*10=8 inch2 (ok)

Tie bar:

Use ∅10 mm bar

Spacing: S≤ 16 db

≤ 16 × 1"=16”
3
S≤ 48 × =18”
8

S≤ least diameter =12”

So, spacing at top and bottom 6”c/c and at middle span 12” c/c.

For column C2
Total length of beam=10+7=17 ft

Area of supported slab=10*7=70ft2

Slab thickness=6”

Beam size=12”*20”
12×20
Dead load of beam= × 150 =250 psf
12×12

150×6
For other slab, Sw = =75 psf
12

FF=25 psf,PW=480 psf

So, total dead load=580 psf

For roof slab

Sw=150*(6/12)=75 psf , FF=20 psf

So,total=95 psf

LL for commercial purpose= 63 psf

DL for slab=(70*580)/1000=41 k

LL for slab=(70*63)/1000=4.5 k

Sw of beam=(17*250)/1000=4.3 k
Sw of column=10%(41+4.5+4.3)k =5k

For one storied,

PDL=(41+5+4.3)k =50.3 k

PLL=4.5 k

Pu=1.4PDL+1.7LL=(1.4*50.3)+(1.7*4.5)=79 k

For 10 storied building Pu =79*10=790 k

Here,

Pu= 790 k , 𝛼 = 0.8 ,𝜑 = 0.7 ,𝜌𝑔 = 0.025

Pu
= 𝐴𝑔 [0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐(1 − 𝜌𝑔 ) + 𝜌𝑔 𝑓𝑦 ]
𝛼𝜑

790
Or, = 𝐴𝑔 [0.85 × 4(1 − 0.025) + 0.025 × 60
0.7×0.8

So, 𝐴𝑔 = 294 inch2

Use 12”*25” column,

Pu
= [0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑠 ) + 𝐴𝑠 × 60]
𝛼𝜑

790
= 0.85 × 4(300 − 𝐴𝑠 ) + 𝐴𝑠 × 60
0.7×0.8

As =7 inch2

Use 10-25 mm bar ,

0.79*10=8 inch2 (ok)

Tie bar:

Use ∅10 mm bar

Spacing: S≤ 16 db

≤ 16 × 1"=16”
3
S≤ 48 × =18”
8

S≤ least diameter =12”

So, spacing at top and bottom 6”c/c and at middle span 12” c/c.