Law Enforcement Organization and Administration Inter Agency Approach AutoRecovered Guide

Page |1
Police Organization and Administration

(Inter-Agency Approach)
BSCRIM | 1ST Year
LEARNING MODULE
Compiled by: EMTS, 2021 Law Enforcement Organization and Administration (Inter-Agency Approach)
Page |2
CONCEPCION HOLY CROSS COLLEGE, INC.

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMNISTRATION

(Inter-Agency Approach)
ORG1-LEA
1ST SEMESTER AY 2021-2022
MODULE INTRODUCTION
A. Module Description
The course deals with the history of Law enforcement Organization in the
Philippines, its structure and principles in the application of law enforcement; the
different approach in police planning; the importance of police records and to
understand the provisions of different laws attached to law enforcement organization.
B. Module Objectives:
Graduates of the BS Criminology program be equipped with relevant knowledge,
skills, attitude, values and shall be to:
a. Internalize the concept of the different law enforcement organizations and
their structures.
b. Understand the correlation of the different law enforcement agencies and their
functions.
c. Appreciate BS Criminology program and its future job opportunities.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
The students shall be able to:
- Discuss the methodology of the Law enforcement
- Understand and explain the organizational structure and the basic principles of the
Police Organization.
- Understand and identify the important provisions of the law relevant to Law
Enforcement Administration.
Page |3
INTRODUCTION
 Whenever a community is organized, it is imperative for the policing system to

be established to deal with crimes being committed by its members. This is
because a crime is already a part of our community which may happen anytime,
anywhere and unexpectedly like a calamity.
 Hence, it is right to consider crime as a social phenomenon. In the history of

Philippine policing systems, several things may be learned from the problems
and mistakes that were encountered and committed in the past that may serve
as guiding stars in improving our present and future policing systems.
CHAPTER 1
(History of Policing System)
From the simplest social structure-the family to the most complex-the community
of nations, it is essential that certain norms and conduct be to be established and
observed in order to ensure that the cordial and harmonious relationship among its
members are preserved and maintained.
It is in the field of law enforcement that the police are most involved in the
complicated inter-relationship within a social structure. The effectiveness of a police
organization is essentially dependent on the manner the same is managed,
administered and controlled and most especially on the trust that the citizens-clientele
of policing business bestow upon it.
THE MEANING OF THE TERM “POLICE”

 POLICE is the agency of a community or government that is responsible for
enforcing the law, maintaining public order, preventing and detecting crime.
 The term POLICE refers to the internal organization or regulation of the state,
the control and regulation of the community or state through the exercise of the
constitutional power of the government.
 In a narrower sense, POLICE denotes the constitutionally created agency that
exercises the power of the government concerning the maintenance of
tranquility, public order, peace, security of person and property and the
protection of public health and morale.
Page |4
 In a very restricted sense, POLICE refers to that organization of armed men,

which is actually an institution that is capable of exercising legally mandated
duties to enforce the law, maintain public order, and detect and prevent crimes.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

 The term Law Enforcement Agency is broader, that includes other agencies
under the executive branch of the government in charge with the execution or
enforcement of laws.
DIFFERENT POLICE ACTIVITIES

 Prevention of crime is intended to prevent root causes of crime.
 Repression or suppression of crime is done to reduce the opportunity of
committing a crime like the act of conducting patrol.
 Apprehending offenders is also known as arresting offenders.
 Conduct search and seizure;
 Investigation of crime; and
 Protection of lives and property.
THE EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM

The term police came from the Greek word POLITEIA (government of a city),
which was used to describe the group of civil officers governing the city and not
necessarily the armed guarding or policing the city when the Romans conquered the
Greeks, the changed the word slightly to POLITIA.
The French changed the word to POLICE and used it to those authorized people
who actually enforce the law. The English and the Americans borrowed the word from
the French and used it to describe a law enforcement officer.
The creation of police force as a protective and law enforcement organization
developed from the use of military bodies as guardians of the peace such as the
PRAETORIAN GUARD of ancient Rome.
The Romans achieved a high level of law enforcement, which remained in effect
until the decline of the empire and the onset of the Middle Ages. Beginning in the 5 th
century, policing became a function of the heads of fiefdoms and principalities.
1. ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD OF POLICING SYSTEM (Ancient England)

During the Anglo-Saxon period in England, the practiced policing systems
compared with the present Philippine Policing system, are the following:
Page |5
a. THANES POLICING SYSTEM

 King Alfred the great introduced a type of internal police force where
landowners (known Thanes) throughout his kingdom were responsible to
police their own territory. As such the landowners are empowered to arrest
offenders and deliver them to the king. They were also empowered to settle
civil litigations.
Note: The Thanes Policing System is not being followed at present in the Philippines
because landowners are not empowered to settle civil litigations. They are however
conduct arrest under any of the circumstances of warrantless arrest.
b. FRANKPLEDGE System
 Policing was carried out under a system called frankpledge or mutual pledge,
whereby every male over 12 years old join nine (9) of his neighbors to form
a Tythingmen.
TYTHINGMEN – a group of men whose duty was to apprehend any

person who offends another and deliver that offender for trial.
 Anyone who failed to join and perform this obligatory duty was severely
fined. Thus, policing responsibility lies on the hands of the citizens.
Note: Frankpledge Policing System is not being followed at present in the

Philippines because a person may become a policeman only if he reaches the age
required and not all male residents are required to do police works.
c. TUN POLICING
 Tun was the forerunner of the word “town”.
 Under this system, all male residents were required to guard the town to
preserve peace and order, protect the life and properties of the people and
other factors that disturbs the peace and order.
Note: Tun Policing System is not being followed at present because not all residents
are required to do police works.
d. HUE AND CRY

 In this system, the complainant or victim goes to the middle of the
community and shout to call all male residents to assemble.
 The victim reports his complaint to the assembly. Consequently, all the male
residents will go after the criminal and apprehend him.
Page |6
Note: The Hue and Cry Policing System is not being followed at present because
our sense of obligation to assemble and arrest the perpetrator, even if we are
capacitated to do so, already deteriorated.
e. ROYAL JUDGE System

 The royal judge conducted criminal investigation and gave punishment fitted
to the crime committed.
 This practice started the identification of criminals.
Note: At present in the Philippines, the Royal Judge is not being followed because
our judges do not conduct criminal investigations, they only conduct trial to
determine whether the accused is guilty or not guilty and impose the proper penalty
in case of conviction.
f. TRIAL BY ORDEAL
 A suspect was required to place his hands over boiling water or oil.
 If he would not get hurt, he will be acquitted but when hurt, he would be
considered guilty.
 Double jeopardy was prevalent during this period.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY- the prosecution of a person twice for the same
offense.
Note: At present, The Trial by Ordeal is not also being followed because we all
know that anyone who puts his hand in boiling water will get hurt, whether guilty or
not of the crime charged.
2. NORMAN PERIOD OF POLICING (1066-1285)

a. SHIRE-REEVE System
 When King William Norman became the ruler of England, he divided his
kingdom into 55 military districts known as the Shire-Reeves.
 SHIRE means a district while REEVE means the ruler who made laws, pass
judgment and impose punishment.
 He was assisted by a group of constables, the forerunner of the constabulary.
 The term Shire-Reeve eventually became Sheriff, the title of the chief of
constables or police officers in a certain town.
 The TRAVELLING JUDGE was held responsible in deciding cases that were
taken from Shire-Reeves due to some abuses.
Page |7
Note: In the Philippines at present, no single person is authorized to make laws,

render judgment and impose penalties at the same time. The act of making laws is
within the exclusive power of the legislative branch of the government and the act
of rendering judgment and imposing penalties is the power of the judiciary.
b. KEEPERS OF PEACE
 The keepers of peace was a proclamation issued by King Richard of England
in 1195 requiring the appointment of knights to maintain peace and order at
the place where the king is residing. The knights were posted on bridges and
gates to check the people entering and leaving the town or cities.
Note: At present in the Philippine setting, the President is guarded by a special unit
called the Presidential Security Group.
c. LEGIS HENRIE
 This law was enacted during the time of King Henry I, which imposed the
following -features:
1. Law violations were classified as offenses against the King.
2. Policemen became public officials.
3. The police and the citizens have the broad power to arrest.
4. Grand Jury was created to inquire on the facts of the law.
d. 1195
 King Richard of England issued a proclamation entitled KEEPERS OF THE
PEACE.
 Requiring the appointment of Knights to keep the King’s peace by standing as
guards on bridges and gates while checking the people entering and leaving the
cities and towns.
e. June 15, 1215

 Magna Carta (Great Charter) was sealed by King John of England.
 This became a law upon the demand of the Knights of the Round Table. The
knights forced King John to sign the document, which declared the following:
1) No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned, disposed, outlawed, or bowed except by
legal judgment of his peers.
Page |8
2) No person should be tried for murder unless there is proof of the body of the victim.
3) There should be national and local government as well as the national and local
legislation.
3. DURING THE WESTMINSTER PERIOD

a. STATUTE OF WINCHESTER (1285)
 Was enacted for law and order.
 This law introduced the system of WATCH AND WARD.
b. STATUTE OF 1295
 Began the closing of the gates of London during sunset.
 This started the observation of curfew hours.
c. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

 A position given to a respected citizen, who has the power to arrest, pursue
and imprison the offenders.
Note: In the Philippine setting, the persons given the right to conduct arrest and
imprison offenders are known as Police Officers.
d. STAR CHAMBER COURT

 Established as special court that tried offenders against the state.
4. MODERN PERIOD OF POLICING

Policing system during the Modern Period (17th-19th century) in England.
1. KING CHARLES II of England - passed a law in 1663 that provided for the
employment of NIGHT WATCHMEN or BELLMEN to be on duty from sunset to
sunrise.
2. HENRY FIELDING (1748)

 Became the Chief Magistrate at Bow Street in London.
 He organized a group of men known as BOW STREET RUNNERS (thief
catchers).
Page |9
 He later formed the BOW STREET HORSE PATROL whose duty was to patrol
the main roads thus secure the travelers from highwaymen or highway bandits.
3. SIR ROBERT PEEL (1829)
 Established the LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE, which became the world’s
first modern organized police force. It was later called SCOTLAND YARD.
 The development of the British police system is especially significant because the
pattern that emerged not only became a model for the American police system
but also had great influence on the style of policing in almost all industrial
societies.
 Peel earned the title – THE FATHER OF MODERN POLICING SYSTEM.
4. 1811, FRANCE: EUGENE “FRANCOIS” VIDOCQ

 Established a squad of ex-convicts to aid the Paris Police in investigating crimes.
 He worked under the theory of “Set a thief to catch a thief.”
5. AMERICAN POLICE SYSTEM

1. Policing system in America followed the model developed in England.
 New York, Boston and Philadelphia organized their night watchmen, which was
similar to the bellmen created in London during the reign of King Charles II.
 These night watchmen were known as RATTLEWATCH because they carried
rattles while on duty to inform the public of their watchful presence.
2. Development of American municipal (rural and city) police force

a. In 1638, night watch was initiated in Boston, Massachusetts.
b. In 1658, rattle-watch was organized in New York.
c. Nigh-watch started in Philadelphia in 1700.
d. In 1722, New Haven had a police regulation that “No watchman will have
the liberty to sleep”.
e. In 1800, it became a government policy that able-bodied males over 16
years old were required to serve without pay.
f. 1833 was the advent of daytime police with pay.
g. New York City police began to adopt a full police uniform in 1856.
3. Development of State Police Force in America
P a g e | 10
a. Texas Rangers were organized in 1835.

b. In 1865, Massachusetts organized a police force of state constables.
c. The Pennsylvania State Police came into existence in 1905.
4. Development of US Federal Police Force

a. In 1829, Post Office Inspection System began.
b. Investigation on crimes against the government started in 1861.
c. Detective forces were formed sometime in 1868 to investigate problems on
revenue services, immigration and smuggling.
d. In 1895, Federal government attention focused on lotteries, drug regulations
and transportation regulations.
e. Anti-White Slavery Act and Motor Vehicle Act were enacted in 1910.
f. In 1934, National Kidnapping Act, Banking Act, and Racketeering Act were
passed by the United States Congress.
6. EVOLUTION OF POLICE SERVICE IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING
A. Policing System during the Spanish Regime.

 The police force during the Spanish Regime was considered as part of the
military system by the Spanish government.
 The locally organized police forces, although performing civil duties and
seemingly created for the sole purpose of maintaining peace, were in fact
directly commanded by the colonial military government.
 Police forces organized during the Spanish regime were:
1. CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICO (Mounted Police)

 Organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying out the policies of the Spanish
government.
 The members were armed and considered as the mounted police. Later,
they discharged the duties of a port, harbor, and river police.
2. GUARDRILLEROS
P a g e | 11
 A body of rural police organized in each town that was created by the Royal
decree of January 8, 1836.
 This police force was composed of 5% of the able-bodied male inhabitants of
each town or province, and each member should serve for at least 3 years.
3. GUARDIA CIVIL
 The police organization created by the Royal Decree issued by the Spanish
Crown government on February 12, 1852.
 It relieved the Spanish Peninsular Troops of their works in policing towns.
 It consisted of a body of Filipino policemen organized originally in each of the
provincial capitals of the central provinces of Luzon under the command of
Alcalde (Governor).
B. During the Japanese Occupation

1. The Japanese Military Police, known as KEMPETAI were held responsible in
maintaining peace and order in Manila and adjacent urban areas.
2. Kempetai ruled the urban areas until Gen. Douglas McArthur returned on
February 7, 1945.
3. The Manila Police Department, which was created during the first American
occupation, was renamed into Metropolitan Constabulary under the Bureau of
Constabulary.
C. Police service during American Occupation until the World War II broke
out
The first American occupation in the Philippines that came after the Filipino-
American War (1898 to 1901) was followed by a period of political turmoil and social
imbalance.
1. INSULAR POLICE FORCE

 Established on November 30, 1890 during the Filipino-American war
(1898-1901) upon the recommendation of the Philippine Commission to the
Secretary of War.
2. INSULAR CONSTABULARY
 Created on July 18, 1901 by virtue of Act No. 175 titled as “An Act
Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary”.
3. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT (MPD)
P a g e | 12

Organized on July 31, 1901 by virtue of Act Nr. 183 of the Philippine
Commission.
 The 1st Chief of Police was Capt. George Curry, a US Army officer appointed
by the TAFT COMMISSION on August 7, 1901.
 Capt. Columbus Piatt was the last American COP of MPD before WW II broke
out.
4. October 3, 1901
The Insular Constabulary was changed to PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY (PC)
by virtue of Act No. 255.
 Brig/Gen. Henry T. Allen was the 1st Chief of the Philippine Constabulary.
He was the PC Chief from 1901 to 1907 such that he was called as the Father of
Constabulary in the Philippines.
5. REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1917

 Was approved a year before World War I (August 1914 to November 1918) ended.
 In Section 825 of this law, it stated that the Philippine Constabulary is a national
police institution for preserving the peacekeeping order and enforcing the law.
 Brig/Gen. Rafael Crame became the first Filipino Chief of Police.
 He served as the PC Chief from 1917-1927.
6. The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines (Act No. 3815) took effect on
January 1, 1932.
7. November 1938
 Act No. 181 required the creation of a Bureau of Investigation.
 This agency should be the modification of the Division of Investigation from the
Department of Justice.
 Finally, on June 19, 1947, Republic Act Nr. 157 was enacted which created the
National Bureau of Investigation.
Col. Antonio C. Torres – The 1st Filipino COP when Manila Police Department became
an all Filipino police organization; declared Manila as an open city when World War II
broke-out in 1941; during the World War II, Manila police was placed again under the
American control.
Col. Marcus Ellis Jones – A U.S. Provost Marshall who was named as MPD COP just
after the Manila Liberation.
P a g e | 13
Col. Lamberto T. Javalera – the 1st Filipino COP of MPD appointed by Pres. Roxas
under the Republic Government.
D. After the World War II, what laws were enacted relevant to the
development of police service in the Philippines?
1. In 1960, Republic Act No. 2678 was enacted and this law provided the
expansion and reorganization of the NBI. This law established that the NBI is
both an investigative and research service agency.
2. On January 1, 1964, the RULES OF COURT took effect. This procedural law was
construed in order to promote the broad objective of the criminal justice system and to
assist the parties in obtaining just, speedy and inexpensive determination of
every legal action and proceeding.
3. On September 18, 1966, Republic Act No. 4864 otherwise known as POLICE
ACT OF 1966 was enacted. The law created the office of the POLICE COMMISSION
(which was later called National Police Commission) under the Office of the President.
Originally, the POLCOM was created as a supervisory agency to the PC. Its function
was to oversee the training and professionalization of the local police forces. Through
this law, reformation and professionalization of the police service gained official
recognition.
4. On August 8, 1975, Presidential Decree No. 765 was enacted and stipulated that
the Office of the NAPOLCOM should be under the office of the Ministry of National
Defense. It defined also the relationship between the Integrated National Police and
the Philippine Constabulary. This was in compliance with the provision of Section 12,
Article 15 of the 1973 Philippine Constitution.
5. On December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975 was approved by then President
Corazon Aquino. This law was known as the DILG Act of 1990 but it was also
recognized later as the PNP Law of 1991. This law created the Philippine National
Police and declared it to be the only police force of the country with national in
scope and civilian in character.
P a g e | 14
6. On February 25, 1998, Republic Act No. 6975 provisions concerning the PNP were
amended when President Fidel Ramos approved Republic Act Nr. 8551.
Republic Act Nr. 8551, known as the PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998,
reorganized the PNP for the purpose of reforming and professionalizing it.
7. RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and

Reorganization Act of 1998, enacted on February 25, 1998; this law amended
certain provisions of RA 6975
8. RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the

minimum educational qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting
the promotion system; approved on 12 August 2009
“AN ACT EXTENDING FOR FIVE (5) YEARS THE REGLEMENTARY PERIOD FOR
COMPLYING WITH THE MINIMUM EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION FOR
APPOINTMENT TO THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) AND
ADJUSTING THE PROMOTION SYSTEM THEREOF, AMENDING FOR THE
PURPOSE PERTINENT PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6975 AND
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”
9. REPUBLIC ACT 9263 (2004) - It is known as Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and
Bureau of Jail management and Penology (BJMP) Professionalization Act of 2004. It
revised some provisions of Republic Act 6975 especially those pertaining to BFP and
BJMP
IMPORTANT FILIPINO PERSONALITIES IN THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE

POLICING
 BRIG GEN RAFAEL CRAME
- the first Filipino chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917
 COL ANTONIO TORRES

- the first Filipino chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1935
 COL LAMBERTO JAVALERA
P a g e | 15
- the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine
Independence from the United States of America in 1946
 P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO

- the first chief of the Philippine National Police
CHAPTER 2
(CONCEPTS, THEORIES & PRINCIPLES OF MODERN POLICING)
Concepts of Modern Policing (Sir Robert Peel)

The police should be organized along military lines.
a. The police should be place under screening and training.
b. The police should be hired on a probationary basis.
c. The police should be deployed by time and by area.
d. Police headquarters should be accessible to the people.
e. Police-Record keeping is essential.
General Concept of Police Service

1. Old Concept
Police service gives the impression of being merely a suppressive machinery. This
philosophy advocates that the measurement of police competence is the increasing
number of arrests, throwing offenders in detention facilities rather than trying to
prevent them from committing crimes. Punishment is the role instrument of crime
control-throwing more people to jail rather than keeping them out of jail.
2. New or Modern Concept
Regards police as the first line of defense of the criminal justice system, an organ of
crime prevention. The yardstick of efficiency of the police is the absence of crime or
decreasing number of crimes. Its objective is the welfare of the people and the society.
The Principles of Law Enforcement enunciated by Sir Robert Peel

a. Prevention of Crime is the basic mission of the police.
b. Police must have the full respect of the citizenry.
c. A citizen’s respect for law develops his respect for the police.
d. Cooperation of the public decreases as the use of force increases.
e. Police must render impartial enforcement of the law.
f. Physical force is used only as a last resort.
P a g e | 16
g. The police are the public and the public are the police.
h. The police represent the law.
i. The absence of crime and disorder is the test of police efficiency.
The Principles of Police Organization

Hierarchy of authority entails the superior-subordinate relationship throughout
the department, wherein a superior officer supervises each individual.
Principles of Hierarchy of Authority

a. Span of Control refers to the number of officers or subordinates that
a superior supervises without regard to the effectiveness or efficiency
of the supervision.
b. Unity of Command refers to placing one and only one superior in
command or in control of every situation and every employee.
c. Delegation of Authority is the assignment of tasks, duties, and
responsibilities to subordinates while at the same time giving them the
power or right to control, command, make decisions, or otherwise act
in performing the delegated responsibilities.
THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

1. Continental Theory
Policemen are considered as state or servants of the higher authority. The people have
little or no share of all their duties, nor any direct connection with the police
organization.
2. Home Rule Theory

Policemen are considered servants of the community who depend for the effectiveness
of their functions upon the express wishes of the people. Policemen are civil servants
whose key duty is the preservation of public peace and security.
POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

ORGANIZATION
P a g e | 17
 A group of persons working together for a common goal or objective. It is an

association or group of individuals with a common goal. It is the structuring of
individuals and functions into productive relationships. It is either formal or
informal organizations. It is also a form of human association for the attainment
of a goal or objective.
FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS
Are those with a system of coordinated activities, a group of people, authority
and leadership and cooperation towards a goal.
INFORMAL ORGANIZATION
 An indefinite and structure less organization that has no definite subdivisions
comprises by unconscious groups of feelings, passion and activities of
individuals. Unplanned system of the activities and interactions of participants.
TITLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS
A. FUNCTIONAL UNITS
1. Bureau – largest organic unit within a large department

2. Division – a primary sub-division of a bureau
3. Section – functional unit within a division – this is necessary for specialization
4. Units – functional groups within a section
B. TERRITORIAL UNITS
1. Posts
 A fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty such as
designated desk or office.
 An intersection or cross work form of traffic duty
 A spot or location for general guard duty
2. Route
 A length of street/s designated for patrol purposes
 It is called Line Beat
3. Beat
P a g e | 18
 An area assigned for patrol purposes either on foot or motorize

4. Sector
 An area containing two or more beats, routes or post
5. District
 A geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes usually with its own
station
6. Area
 A section or territorial division of a large city each comprised of designated
districts
C. TIME UNITS
1. Watch or Shift
 A time division of the day for purposes assignment
2. Platoon
 Composed of several squads usually commanded by a Lieutenant may serve the
entire city or district.
 Divisions that have personnel on duty for more than shift divide them into
platoons on the basis of hours of the day they are on
PNP
POLICE ORGANIZATION
A structured group of trained personnel in the field of public safety
administration engaged in achieving the following goals and objectives.
GOALS:
1. To ensure public safety
2. To protect live and property
3. To maintain peace and order
OBJECTIVES:
1. To attain an acceptable degree of peace and order
2. To attain effectiveness in the enforcement of laws and efficiency of law enforcers
3. To attain a low crime volume or crime rate
P a g e | 19
4. To attain a maximum degree of solution and criminal conviction of law violators

5. To attain a maximum degree in the protection of lives and property
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

- pertains to an organization responsible for enforcing the laws
ENFORCEMENT
- means to compel obedience to a law, regulation or command
OBJECTIVES
- refer to the purpose by which the organization was created
- refer to the goals of the organizations
PNP MISSION
“To enforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to maintain peace and order,
and to ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the
community”
ADMINISTRATION
- an organizational process concerned with the implementation of objectives and
plans and internal operating efficiency
- connotes bureaucratic structure and behavior, relatively routine decision-making
and maintenance of the internal order
POLICE
- a branch of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of
maintaining law and order and combating crime within the society
- is the agency of a community or government that is responsible for enforcing the
law, maintaining public order and preventing and detecting crimes.
P a g e | 20
POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

- the process involved in ensuring strict compliance, proper obedience of laws and
related statutes
- focuses on the policing process or how law enforcement agencies are organized
and managed in order to achieve the goals of law enforcement most effectively,
efficiently and productively
- is an organizational process concerned with the implementation of the objectives
and plans, and internal operating efficiency of the police organization.
SUPERVISION
- means the act of watching over the work or tasks of the members of the
organization to ensure that desired results are achieved
MANAGEMENT
- the process of directing and facilitating the work of people organized in formal
groups in order to achieve objectives
- judicious or wise use of resources (manpower, material, money, equipment,
supplies, time etc)
POLICE MANAGEMENT
- is the act of administering, controlling, or handling various aspects of police
organization.
POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY
- is the inherent responsibility of a police organization to be answerable for the
misconducts committed by its members.
POLICE FUNCTIONS
- refers to the duties and responsibilities carried out by police agencies concerning
public order and public safety.
P a g e | 21
POLICE POWER
- is the inherent power of the government to impose reasonable restrictions on the
liberties of its citizens for the maintenance of public order and safety
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION AND

MANAGEMENT?
- Administration is the determination of objectives and major policies of an
organization, while management is the act of placing into action the policies and
plans laid down by the administration. Hence, administration is a determinative
function, while management is an executive function.
WHAT ARE THE DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN GOALS AND OBJECTIVES?

1. Goals are broad, while objectives are narrow
2. Goals are general intentions, while objectives are precise.
3. Goals are intangible, while objectives are tangible
4. Goals are abstract, while objectives are concrete.
AUTHORITY
- the right to command and control the behavior of employees in lower positions
within an organizational hierarchy
- must be viewed in terms of prescribed roles rather than of individuals
- a particular position within an organization carries the same regardless of who
occupies that position
HIERARCHY
- represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any
given organization
- serves as the framework for the flow of authority downward, and obedience
upward, through the department
TRADITIONAL ORGANIZATION THEORY
P a g e | 22
1. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATION – by Frederick Taylor

 Emphasis on planning, standardizing, and improving human effort in the
operational level of the organization
2. GENERAL MANAGEMENT THEORY – by Henri Fayo

 Emphasis on the elements of planning, organizing, command, coordination and
control.
3. BUREAUCRATIC MODEL OF ORGANIZATION – by Max Weber

 Emphasis on the characteristics of bureaucracy
a. Division of labor
b. Centralization of authority
c. Rational program of personnel administration
d. Rules and regulation
e. Written records
4. THE SCIENCE OF ADMINISTRATION – by Luther Gulick and Lyndal Urwick

Emphasis on the principles of:
1) PLANNING
- the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be

attained
- is the process of selecting goals and determining how to achieve them.
- the process of setting performance objectives and identifying the actions needed
to accomplish them
- working out in broad outline the things that need to be done and the methods
for doing them to accomplish the purpose set for the enterprise
2) ORGANIZING
- involves the determination and allocation of the men and women as well as the
resource of an organization to achieve pre-determined goals or objectives of the
organization
- the process of dividing the work to be done and coordinating results to achieve a
desired purpose
P a g e | 23
- establishment of the formal structure of authority through which work

subdivisions are arranged, defined and coordinated for the desired objectives
- is the process of making an organization fit with its objectives, resources and
environment.
3) DIRECTING
- involves the overseeing and supervising of the human resources and the various
activities in an organization to achieve through cooperative efforts the pre-
determined goals or objectives of the organization
- also called leading, the process of directing and coordinating the work efforts of
other people to help them accomplish important task
- task of making decisions and embodying them in specific and general orders and
instructions
- is the process of giving orders, commands, directives, or instructions to
personnel in order to rule them in accomplishing the goals or objectives of an
organization.
4) CONTROLLING
- involves the checking or evaluation and measurement of work performance and

comparing it with planned goals or objectives of the organization, and making
the necessary corrective actions so that work is accomplished as planned
- the process of monitoring performance, comparing results to objectives and

taking corrective action as necessary
- also called supervising
5) STAFFING
- the task of providing competent men to do the job and choosing the right men
for the right job
- involves good selection and processing of reliable and well-trained personnel
- filling the organization with the right people in the right position
P a g e | 24
THE FOLLOWING ARE DIFFERENT STAFFING ACTIVITIES:
 RECRUITMENT - refers to the set of activities and processes used to legally

obtain a sufficient number of right people for specific positions.
 SELECTION - is the process of choosing from among the candidates the most
suitable person for the current position or for future position.
 APPRAISAL - is the process of measuring performance
 TRAINING - is the act of improving the ability required in the current job
 DEVELOPMENT - is the act of improving the ability required in the future job.
WHAT IS THE NEXT-IN-RANK-RULE IN RELATION TO SELECTION?
The next in rank rule states that the appointing authority must prioritize the
selection of next in rank filling up a vacant position. This rule is not, however, absolute.
The appointing authority may still appoint any other person aside from the next in rank
provided he must state the reason of not complying with said rule.
6) COORDINATING
- is the manner of integrating the different element within and outside of an

organization into a harmonious relationship.
7) REPORTING
- the making of detailed account of activities, work progress, investigations and

unusual in order to keep every one informed or what is going on
8) RECORDING
- is the system of classifying and compiling written communications going inside

and going outside of an organization
9) BUDGETING
- the forecasting in detail of the results of an officially recognized program of

operations based on the highest reasonable expectations of operating efficiency
P a g e | 25
5. THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION – by Mooney and Reiley

 Mooney and Reiley identified coordination as the preeminent element of
organizational designs. Thus, coordination is the mother of principles.
POLICE ADMINISTRATION
Police in action. It is the cooperative human effort to achieve the purposes of the
criminal justice system. It refers also to the study of the processes and condition of Law
Enforcement as a pillar of justice.
FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION

1) PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS
- functions that carry out the major purposes of the organization, delivering the
services and dealing directly with the public
- the backbone of the police department
- examples of the line functions of the police are patrolling, traffic duties, crime
investigation
2) STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
- functions that are designed to support the line functions and assist in the
performance of the line functions
- examples of the staff functions of the police are planning, research, budgeting
and legal advice
3) AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
- functions involving the logistical operations of the organization
- examples are training, communication, maintenance, records management,
supplies and equipment management
ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION

1) OPERATIONAL UNITS
- those that perform primary or line functions
- examples are patrol, traffic, investigation and vice control,
2) ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
- those that perform the administrative functions
examples are personnel, finance, planning and training
P a g e | 26
3) SERVICE UNITS
- those that perform auxiliary functions
examples are communication, records management, supplies
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
It is a mechanical means of depicting by an arrangement of symbols, the
relationship that exist between individuals, groups, and functional relationships between
groups and individuals are clearly defined to ensure accountability and compliance.
Types of Organization Structures

A. LINE ORGANIZATION
- often called the individual, mi
- -litary, or departmental type of organization
- it is the simplest and oldest type of organizational structure
- channels of authority and responsibility extend in a direct line from top to
bottom within the structure.
- depicts the line functions of the organization
- orders or commands must come from the higher level of authority before it can
be carried out
- involves few departments
ADVANTAGES:
1. Simple
2. Division
P a g e | 27
3. Each unit completely controlled

4. Direct responsibility and accountability
5. Quick decisions because of direct lines of authority
DISADVANTAGE:
1. Impractical
B. FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION
 Functional organization divides responsibility and authority between several
specialists, such as a person responsible for all training, an employee directing
the community relations activities of all units, or a person handling cases
involving all juvenile activities.
 The functional responsibility of a commander is limited to the particular activity
over which he has control.
 depicts staff functions of the organization
 responsibilities are divided among authorities who are all accountable to the
authority above
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Chief of Police
Personnel Training Juvenile Traffic

Community Relation
Line Officers and Employees
C. LINE AND STAFF ORGANIZATION

 The line and staff organization is the combination of line and functional types
and is found in almost all police agencies today.
 It combines staff specialist with line organization so that service of knowledge
can be provided line personnel by specialists such as criminalist training officers
and intelligence specialist.
P a g e | 28
 Channels or responsibility and authority are left intact since the specialist
provides expertise while the line does the task. Specialist only give advises not
commands.
 Generally more formal in nature and has many departments
The Philippine National Police follow the line and staff kind of organizational
structure.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
- an illustration in the form of a chart which represents the organizational structure
- the mechanical means of depicting, by an arrangement of symbols, the
relationships that exist between individuals, groups and functional relationships
between groups and individuals clearly defined to ensure accountability and
compliance
ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
FOUR PRIMAL CONDITIONS OF AN ORGANIZATION

1) AUTHORITY
- the supreme source of government for any particular organization
- the right to exercise, to decide and to command by virtue of rank and position
2) MUTUAL COOPERATION
- an organization exists because it serves a purpose
3) DOCTRINE
- provides for the organization’s objectives
P a g e | 29
- provides the various actions, hence, policies, procedures, rules and regulations
of the organization are based on the statement of doctrines
4) DISCIPLINE
- comprising behavioral regulations
COMMAND AND STAFF PRINCIPLES
COMMANDER – he exercise command authority and responsibility over

subordinates by virtue of his rank and assignment, he discharge his responsibilities
through a chain of command
COMMANDER AUTHORITY – this provides the commander with right to plan,
organize, direct, coordinate, and control PNP forces or units in order to accomplish an
assigned mission or task
COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY – commander is responsible for all that his unit
does or fails to do. He alone answers for the success or failure of his command
STAFF – issue orders in the name of commander, provides information to
commander, offices, other agencies and units. Make estimates of the situation,
recommendation, preparing plans and orders as well as supervision.
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
1. GROUPING OF SIMILAR TASK

- task, similar or related in purpose, process, method, or clientele should be
grouped together in one or more units under the control of one person. Grouping can
be done in the following:
a. ACCORDING TO FUNCTION – grouping according to the nature of the task to be
performed. It should be divided into groups sp that similar and related duties may be
assigned to each.
b. ACCORDING TO TIME FRAME – the units are divided into shifts according to time
of the day.
P a g e | 30
c. ACCORDING TO PLACE OF WORK – a territorial distribution of a platoon

accomplished assigning patrolman on beats is necessary to facilitate the direction and
control of officers and to ensure suitable patrol service at every point within the
jurisdiction.
d. ACCORDING TO LEVEL OF AUTHORITY – A police department is always divided
according to level of authority; that is, there will be some patrolmen, some sergeants,
some lieutenants, and so on.
Vertical combinations of superior officers with each rank at a different level of
authority from any other form channels through which operations may be directed and
controlled.
Those chains of command, or lines of direct control, facilitate the delegation of
authority and the placing of authority and responsibility, supervision is thus ensured.
2. SPECIALIZATION BASED ON NEEDS

Specialization is a principle of organization that results from the division of the
force into separate units to perform police tasks.
The degree of specialization is determined by the size of the department, by the
number of units created and extent of responsibility for the performance of task within
the special field.
3. LINES OF AUTHORITY AND CHAIN OF COMMAND

Communications should be ordinarily goes upward and downward through
established channels in the hierarchy.
Diverting orders, directive, or reports around a level of command usually has
disastrous effects on efficiency of the organization, if the level, which is by passed, is
ordinarily capable and responsible. The bypassed superior has no official knowledge of
the nature of a directive going downward. Since he is unaware of the directive, he can
be hardly being held responsible for enforcing it.
In emergency situations, those that requires an immediate action, giving of
orders by an officer in a staff capacity in the name of someone high in the hierarchy is
acceptable, thus the duty of a subordinate to obey. He has no alternative under those
special situations. This is also known as SCALAR OF COMMAND.
4. UNITY OF COMMAND
P a g e | 31
Only one man be in complete command of each situation, only one man be in
direct command or supervision of each officer.
Confusion is created when more than one superior undertakes independent
command of an operation performed by several subordinates or when a subordinate
receives orders from more than one superior.
5. SPAN OF CONTROL
The ability of one man to direct, coordinate and control immediate subordinates.
The broad span of control may be reduced by the use of additional supervisory
level of officials, thus lengthening the chain of command.
6. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
The principle of delegation of work is related to the process of committing an
activity to another’s care. It is closely related to the principle of span of control in that
even though the span of attention is excessive, the harm from it can be reduced by the
delegation of much detail to subordination.
Conferring of an amount of authority by a superior position to a lower-level
position. A superior may delegate some of his duties to his subordinates. Said superior
is however, responsible for the neglect of his subordinates.
It is the transfer of authority of a higher officer to another subordinate such as a
unit head or who is a superior of another unit or division. This process is continued to
the lowest level of execution.
The delegations of authority are divided into:
a. POLICY FORMULATION – involves what are to be done in the form of
orders or broad statement of action.
b. DIRECTION – deals with procedures, what is to be done, who will do it,
when, where and how it is to be done.
c. SUPERVISION – deals with the assistance and guidance given to
subordinates to ensure successful performance.
d. EXECUTION – deals with the performance of tasks in consonance with
authority to fulfill responsibility.
P a g e | 32
CHAPTER 3
(CONCEPTS, THEORIES & PRINCIPLES OF MODERN POLICING)
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) ORGANIZATION
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 765

An act creating the Police Constabulary/ Integrated National Police (PC/INP) in
August 8, 1975. This law put the NAPOLCOM under the Ministry of National Defense.
During this time pursuant to E.O. 389, PC became one of the four major services
of the AFP.
Salient Features of PD 765

1. The INP was established and constituted, composed of the PC as the
nucleus and the INP as component under the DND.
2. The head of the INP was Chief of the PC.
3. The PC remained as the major service of the AFP.
4. The powers and functions of the NAPOLCOM as previously stated were
remained
5. The NAPOLCOM was transferred to DND from the office of the President
6. The remaining power of the NAPOLCOM was extended to the police, fire
and jail components of the INP.
Republic Act No. 6975

- PNP Law of 1991
- DILG Act of 1990
P a g e | 33
Republic Act No. 8551

- PNP Reform and Reorganization act of 1998
SALIENT PROVISION OF R.A. 6975 and R.A. 8551

The Department of the Interior and Local Government:
- To carry out the policies and purpose of this Act, the Department of Local
Government is hereby reorganized into the Department of Interior and Local
Government, hereinafter referred to as the Department, in accordance with the
provisions of this Act.
Organization of the DILG:

The Department shall consist of the:
- Department Proper
- The existing bureaus and offices of Department of Local Government
- National Police Commission
- Philippine Public Safety College
- And the following bureaus: the Philippine National Police, the Bureau of Fire
Protection, and the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
Specific Powers and Functions of the DILG Secretary:

a) Prepare and submit periodic reports, including a Quarterly Anti-Crime Operation
Report, and such other reports as the President and Congress may require.
b) Act as Chairman and Presiding Officer of the National Police Commission; and
c) Delegate authority to exercise any substantive or administrative function to the
members of the National Police Commission or other officers of rank within the
Department.
Prohibitions to the Members of the Commission:

The Chairman and members of the Commission shall not engage in the practice
of any profession, or intervene, directly or indirectly, in the management and control of
any private enterprise.
P a g e | 34
They shall not, directly or indirectly, have any financial or material interest in any
transaction requiring the approval of their office.
Powers and Functions of the PNP:

a. Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
b. Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety;
c. Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring
offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
d. Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance
with the Constitution and pertinent laws;
e. Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law,
informing the person so detained of all his rights under the Constitution;
f. Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with
law;
g. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue
licenses to operate security agencies, and to security guards and private
detectives, for the practice of their professions, and
h. Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be provided by
law.
Organization of the PNP:
Note:
P a g e | 35
1. In no case shall any officer who has retired or is retirable within six (6) months from
his compulsory retirement age be appointed as Chief of the PNP.
2. The PNP shall be composed of a national office, regional offices, provincial offices,
district offices and city or municipal station.
3. PNP shall maintain its office in Metropolitan Manila, which shall house the directorial
staff, service staff and special support units.
======================
GENERAL QUALIFICATION FOR

PNP APPOINTMENT
1. A citizen of the Philippines.
2. A person of good moral character.
3. Must pass the psychiatric or psychological, drug, and physical tests to be

administered by the PNP or any accredited government hospitals.
4. Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of

learning.
5. Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the commission.
6. Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or dismissed
from civilian position in the government.
7. Must not have been convicted by final judgment of crime involving moral turpitude.
8. Must have a height of at least 1.62 m for male and 1.57 m for female.
9. Must weight not more or less than 5kgs. From the standards corresponds to his age,
sex and height.
10. Must not be less than 21 or more than 30 years old.
==========================
P a g e | 36
4. At the regional level, the PNP shall have regional offices, including that of the
National Capital Region, each of these regional offices shall be headed by a regional
director for peace and order.
5. At the provincial level, there shall be a PNP office, each headed by a provincial
director.
6. In case of large provinces, police districts may be established by the Commission to
be headed by a district director.
7. At the city or municipal level, there shall be a PNP station, each headed by chief
police.
WAIVER IN THE PNP:

WAIVER – is program given to applicant disqualifications set by the law but still
want to join the PNP service.
QUALIFICATIONS THAT CAN BE WAIVED:

1. Age – not below 20 nor more than 35 years old
2. Height – granted to applicants belonging to cultural minorities
3. Weight – more or less than 5 kgs. from the standards set by law. (Applicant
will be given not exceeding 6 months to comply with this standard)
Note: Under R.A. 8551, the 6 months was changed to 1 year.
4. Education – without baccalaureate degree; at least 72 units leading to a
bachelor degree.
Note:
1. Applicant with no baccalaureate degree will be given a maximum of 4 years to
comply and applicant with at least 72 units will be given two years to comply.
Note: Under 9708, members who are already in the service upon the effectivity
of Republic Act No. 8551 shall be given five (5) years to obtain the minimum
educational qualification preferably in law enforcement related courses.
2. The nature of appointment under waiver program under education and weight is
temporary. Failure to comply with the standards within the specified time shall be
dismiss from service.
P a g e | 37
3. Any PNP personnel who’s disqualified from service by reason of failure to meet the
waiver of education and weight can eligible to re-apply for PNP if already possess the
minimum qualifications.
CRITERIA IN SELECTING APPLICANTS FOR WAIVER PROGRAM:

1. Those possess least disqualification shall take precedence over the others.
2. Order of waiver disqualifications: Age, Height, Weight and Education.
EXAMINATIONS OF POLICEMEN:
NAPOLCOM shall administer the entrance and promotional examinations for
policemen.
RA. 8551: Section 58. Prioritization of Women for Recruitment:

-The PNP shall prioritize the recruitment and training of women who shall serve in
the women’s desk.
- Pursuant to this requirement, the PNP shall reserve ten percent (10%) of its
annual recruitment, training, and education quota for women.
A. PNP RANK CLASSIFICATION (OLD)
Police Ranks and abbreviations Equivalent Military Ranks

A. Commissioned Officers
-Director General General
-Deputy Director General Lieutenant General
-Director Major General
-Chief Superintendent Brigadier General
-Senior Superintendent Colonel
-Superintendent Lieutenant Colonel
-Chief Inspector Major
-Senior Inspector Captain
-Inspector Lieutenant
B. Non-commission Officers
-Senior Police Officer IV (SPOIV) Master Sergeant
-Senior Police Officer III (SPOIII) Technical Sergeant
-Senior Police Officer II (SPOII) Staff Sergeant
-Senior Police Officer I (SPOI) Sergeant
P a g e | 38
-Police Officer III (POIII) Corporal

-Police Officer II (POII) Private First Class
-Police Officer I (POI) Private
B. RANK CLASSIFICATION (NEW)
Rank Classification (Old) Rank Classification (New)

A. Commissioned Officers A. Commissioned Officers
- Police Director General - Police General, PGEN
- Police Deputy Director General - Police Lieutenant General, PLTGEN
- Police Director - Police Major General, PMGEN
- Police Chief Superintendent - Police Brigadier General, PBGEN
- Police Senior Superintendent - Police Colonel, PCOL
- Police Superintendent - Police Lieutenant Colonel, PLTCOL
- Police Chief Inspector - Police Major, PMAJ
- Police Senior Inspector - Police Captain, PCPT
- Police Inspector - Police Lieutenant, PLT
B. Non-commissioned Officers B. Non-commissioned Officers
- Senior Police Officer IV - Police Executive Master Sergeant, PEMS
- Senior Police Officer III - Police Chief Master Sergeant, PCMS
- Senior Police Officer II - Police Senior Master Sergeant, PSMS
- Senior Police Officer I - Police Master Sergeant, PMSg
- Police Officer III - Police Staff Sergeant, PSSg
- Police Officer II - Police Corporal, PCpl
- Police Officer I - Patrolman/Patrolwoman, Pat
Breakdown:
1 PNP Chief (Director General)
3 Deputy Director General (1 for administration, 1 for operation, 1 Chief of the
Directional Staff)
11 Police Director
48 Police Chief Superintendent
PNP SUPPORT UNITS

A. ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT UNITS
1. Crime Laboratory – it provides scientific and technical investigative aid and
support to the PNP and other government investigative agencies.
P a g e | 39
2. Logistic Unit – shall responsible for the procurement, distribution and management
of all logistical requirements in the PNP including firearms and ammunitions
3. Communications Unit – shall responsible for establishing an effective police
communications network
4. Computer Center – shall responsible for the design, implementation and
maintenance of a data base system for the PNP
5. Finance Center – shall responsible for providing finance and budget services for
the PNP
6. Civil Security Unit – it provides administrative services and general supervision
over the organization, business operation and activities of all organized private
detectives, watchmen, security guard agencies and company guard forces.
B. OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS

1. Maritime Police Unit – perform all police functions over Philippine territorial
waters and rivers.
2. Police Intelligence Unit – it serves as the intelligence and counter-
intelligence operating unit of the PNP
3. Police Security Unit – provides security for the government, VIP’s visiting
dignitaries and private individuals authorized to be given protection
4. Criminal Investigation Unit – it undertakes the monitoring, investigation and
prosecution of all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other crimes.
5. Special Action Force – the mobile strike force or reaction unit to augment
regional, provincial, municipal and city police forces for civil disturbance control,
counter- insurgency, hostage-taking rescue operations, and other special
operations.
6. Narcotics Unit – Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
7. Aviation Security Unit – it secure the country’s airports against offensive and
terroristic acts that threaten civil aviation, exercise operational control and
supervision.
8. Traffic management Unit – enforce traffic laws and regulations.
9. Medical and Dental Centers – responsible for providing medical and dental
services for the PNP.
10. Civil Relations Unit – implement plans and programs that will promote
community and citizen’s participation in the maintenance of peace and order
PNP MANNING LEVEL:

- the approximate police to population ratio
P a g e | 40
THINGS TO CONSIDER IN MANNING LEVEL:

1. Sate of peace and order
2. Population density
3. Actual demands on service in area.
1:500 Average nationwide manning levels

1:1000 minimum police to population ratio
THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF CITY AND MUNICIPALITY ACCORDING TO POPULATION
CITY Class A – cities with 100,000 population and above

Class B – cities with 75,000 up to less than 100,000
Class C – cities with less than 75, 000 population
TOWN Class A – town with 75,000 population and above

Class B – town with 30,000 to less than 75,000
Class C – town with less than 30,000 population
ATTRITION SYSTEM
The loss in the personnel of its organization in the normal course of events due
to attainment of maximum tenure in position, relief for just cause, demotion in position
or rank, non-promotion, and retirement.
TYPES OF ATTRITION:
1. Attrition by attainment of Maximum tenure
Officer will be attired if he attained the following tenure:
POSITION MAXIMUM TENURE

1. Chief PNP 4 years
2. Deputy Chief PNP 4 years
3. Director of Staff Services 4 years
4. Regional Director 6 years
P a g e | 41
5. Provincial/City Director 9 years
2. Attrition by relief
- PNP personnel who have been relieved for just cause and not given
assignment within 2 years
3. Attrition by demotion in rank or position
- Personnel assigned in a position lower than his grade despite the
existence of vacancy within 18 months after the demotion
4. Attrition by non-promotion
- Personnel who has not promoted despite there is vacancy for a period of
10 years.
5. Attrition by retirement
- Personnel who rendered at least 20 years of service
6. Attrition by other means

a. Inefficiency based on poor performance during the last 2
successive annual rating periods
b. Inefficiency based on poor performance for 3 cumulative annual
rating periods
c. Physical and mental incapacity
d. Failure to pass entrance examinations twice or finish required

career course
TIME IN GRADE IN A PERMANENT RANK:
Time in grade is a requirement for a specified amount of time that an employee must
spend in a grade before they are eligible for promotion.
1 year – Sr. Supt., Dir., Deputy Director General

3 years – Chief Supt. – Chief Supt.
5 years -- Chief Inspector – Senior Supt
5 years – Senior Inspector – Chief Inspector
3 years – Inspector – Sr. Inspector
3 years – SPO IV – Inspector
2 years – SPOIII – SPO IV
2 years – SPOII – SPO III
2 years – SPOI – SPO II
2 years – POIII – SPO I
P a g e | 42
1 year – POII – PO III

1 year – POI – PO II
APPOINTMENT OF PNP OFFICERS AND MEMBERS:
1. PO I – SPO IV- PNP Regional Director for regional personnel- PNP Chief for national
personnel.
2. Inspector – Superintendent – Chief PNP as recommended by their immediate
superior.
3. Senior Superintendent to Deputy Dir. Gen. – President upon recommendation
of the Chief PNP.
4. Director General – President, from among the most senior officers down to the
rank of Chief Superintendent in the service.
PROMOTIONAL SYSTEM:
Is an act or instance of elevating personnel from a lower to a higher rank or
position.
KINDS OF PROMOTION
1. Regular Promotion
Requirements:
a. Successfully passed the promotional examination given by the commission
b. Satisfactorily completed the appropriate and accredited course in the PNPA
and training institutions
c. Satisfactorily passed the psychiatric, psychological and drug tests
d. No pending administrative and criminal case
e. Cleared by the People’s law enforcement board
2. Special Promotion
Given to PNP a personnel who has exhibited acts of conspicuous courage and gallantry
at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty shall be promoted to the next
higher rank.
P a g e | 43
3. Lateral Entry
 All original appointments of commissioned officers in the PNP shall commence
with the rank of inspector to include all those with highly technical qualifications
applying for the PNP technical services, such as dentists, optometrists, nurses,
engineers, criminologists and graduates of forensic science.
 Doctors of medicine, members of the BAR and Chaplains shall be appointed to
the rank of senior inspector in their particular technical service.
REQUIRED MANDATORY SCHOOLINGS FOR PROMOTION:
1. Police Chief Superintendent to Police Director

- Officer Senior Executive Course (OSEC), MNSA or allied related master’s degree
2. Police Superintendent to Police Senior Superintendent

- General Staff Course (GSC)
3. Chief Inspector
- Officer Advance Course (OAC)
4. Senior Inspector
- Officer Basic Course (OBC)
5. Inspector
- Officer Candidate Course (OCC)
6. SPO II – SPO IV
- Senior Leadership Course (SLC)
7. SPO I – SPOII
- Junior Leadership Course (JLC)
8. PO I – PO III
- Police Basic Course (PBC)
PNP RETIREMENT:
P a g e | 44
1. COMPULSORY RETIREMENT
 Retirement for officer and non-officer of the PNP upon the attainment of 56
years old, even without reaching 20 years in the service.
2. OPTIONAL RETIREMENT
 Accumulation of at least 20 years of satisfactory active service, even without
reaching 56 years old.
Retirement in the Next Higher Grade

 Uniformed personnel covered under this Act shall, for purposes of retirement
pay, be retired in one (1) grade higher than the permanent grade last held.
 Provided, that they have served for at least one (1) year of active service in the
permanent grade.
DISCIPLINARY MECHANISMS
INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE (IAS)

- created by RA 8551
FUNCTIONS OF THE IAS

1) pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on PNP personnel and units;
2) investigate complaints and gather evidence in support of an open investigation;
3) conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges;
4) submit a periodic report on the assessment, analysis, and evaluation of the
character and behavior of PNP personnel and units to the Chief PNP and the
Commission;
5) file appropriate criminal cases against PNP members before the court as
evidence warrants and assists in the prosecution of the case;
6) provide assistance to the Office of the Ombudsman in cases involving the
personnel of the PNP;
The IAS shall also conduct, motu propJI9io (on its own initiative), automatic
investigation of the following cases:
P a g e | 45
1) incidents where a police personnel discharges a firearm;

2) incidents where death, serious physical injury, or any violation of human rights
occurred in the conduct of a police operation;
3) incidents where evidence was compromised, tampered with, obliterated, or lost
while in the custody of police personnel;
4) incidents where a suspect in the custody of the police was seriously injured; and
5) incidents where the established rules of engagement have been violated.
The IAS shall recommend promotion of the members of the PNP or the assignment
of PNP personnel to any key position.
ORGANIZATION OF IAS
- headed by the INSPECTOR GENERAL who is a CIVILIAN and appointed
by the President upon the recommendation of the Director General (Chief,
PNP)
- the Inspector General shall be assisted by a Deputy Inspector General
- there shall be national, regional and provincial offices
- the national office shall be headed by the Inspector General, the regional
offices by a Director, and the provincial offices by a Superintendent
ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS TO IAS

1) entry shall be voluntary
2) PNP personnel with at least five (5) years experience in law enforcement
3) with no derogatory service record
4) members of the bar may enter the service laterally
CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND INCENTIVES

- IAS personnel shall be granted occupational specialty pay which shall
not exceed FIFTY PERCENT (50%) of his base pay
- IAS personnel shall also have priorities in the quota allocation for training and
education
DISCIPLINARY RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE IAS

- any PNP personnel found guilty of any of the cases mentioned and any
immediate superior found negligent shall be recommended automatically for
dismissal or demotion
P a g e | 46
- recommendation by the IAS, once final, cannot be revised, set-aside or

unduly delayed without just cause
- decisions rendered by the provincial inspectors shall be forwarded to the
regional office for review within ten (10) days
- decisions of the regional office may be appealed to the national office
- decisions rendered by the national IAS shall be appealed to the
National Appellate Board
PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB)

- a body created pursuant to RA 6975
- one of the disciplinary authorities of the PNP authorized to handle and
investigate citizen’s complaint
- the central receiving entity for any citizen’s complaint against the PNP
members
- shall be created by the sangguniang panlungssod/bayan in every city and
municipality as may be necessary
- there shall be at least one (1) PLEB for every five hundred (500) city or
municipal police personnel
- membership in the PLEB is a civic duty
COMPOSITION OF PLEB
- PLEB shall be composed of five (5) members who shall be as follows:
any member of the sangguniang panlungsod/bayan
any barangay chairman of the locality concerned
three other members to be chosen by the local peace and order
council from among the members of the community
- for the three other members, the following conditions must be met:
one must be a woman
one must be a lawyer, or a college graduate, or the principal of an
elementary school in the locality
- the CHAIRMAN of the PLEB shall be elected from among its members
- the term of office of the members of the PLEB is THREE (3) YEARS
P a g e | 47
PROCEDURE IN THE PLEB

- the procedure shall be summary in nature, conducted in accordance with due
process but without strict regard to technical rules of evidence
- cases handled by PLEB shall be decided by majority votes of its members
- each case shall be decided within SIXTY (60) DAYS from the time it has
been filed with the PLEB
- the decision of the PLEB shall become final and executory, except for
decisions involving demotion or dismissal from the service
- decisions involving demotion or dismissal from the service may be appealed
with the REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD within TEN (10) DAYS from
receipt of the copy of the decision
ADMINISTRATIVE DISCIPLINARY MACHINERIES IN THE PNP
A) CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS
- pertains to any complaint initiated by a private citizen or his duly authorized
representative on account of an injury, damage or disturbance sustained due
to an irregular or illegal act committed by a member of the PNP
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS
1) CHIEF OF POLICE
- where the offense is punishable by withholding of privileges, restriction to
specified limits, suspension or forfeiture of salary, or any combination thereof,
for a period not exceeding FIFTEEN (15) DAYS
2) CITY/MUNICIPAL MAYORS
for a period not less than SIXTEEN but not exceeding THIRTY (30)
DAYS
3) PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB)

for a period exceeding THIRTY (30) DAYS, or by DISMISSAL
P a g e | 48
B) BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE

- refers to any offense committed by a member of the PNP involving and
affecting order and discipline within the police organization
MINOR OFFENSE
- shall refer to an act or omission not involving moral turpitude but affecting
the internal discipline of the PNP, and shall include but not be limited to:
a) simple misconduct or negligence
b) insubordination
c) frequent absences or tardiness
d) habitual drunkenness
e) gambling prohibited by law
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE
1) CHIEF OF POLICE
- may impose the administrative punishment of admonition or reprimand;
restriction to specified limits; withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or
suspension; or any combination of the foregoing for a period NOT
EXCEEDING FIFTEEN (15) DAYS
2) PROVINCIAL DIRECTORS
suspension; or any combination of the foregoing for a period NOT
EXCEEDING THIRTY (30) DAYS
3) REGIONAL DIRECTORS
suspension; demotion; or any combination of the foregoing for a period
NOT EXCEEDING SIXTY (60) DAYS
4) CHIEF OF THE PNP

- shall have the power to impose the disciplinary punishment of dismissal
from the service; suspension or forfeiture of salary; demotion; or any
combination of the foregoing for a period NOT EXCEEDING ONE
HUNDRED EIGHTY (180) DAYS
P a g e | 49
SUMMARY DISMISSAL POWERS

- the NAPOLCOM, PNP Chief and Regional Directors have summary
dismissal powers in any of the following cases:
1) when the charge is serious and the evidence of guilt is strong
2) when the respondent is a recidivist or has been repeatedly charged and
there are reasonable grounds to believe that he is guilty of the charges;
and
3) when the respondent is guilty of a serious offense involving conduct
unbecoming of a police officer
DISCIPLINARY APPELATE BOARDS

- formal administrative disciplinary appellate machinery of the National Police
Commission
- tasked to hear cases on appeal from the different disciplinary authorities in
the PNP
- composed of the following:
1) NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
o shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the PNP Chief
and the National Internal Affairs Service
o shall be composed of the four (4) regular commissioners and shall be
chaired by the executive officer
2) REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
o shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the Regional
Director, Provincial Director, Chief of Police, the city or municipal mayor
and the PLEB
o there shall be at least one (1) regional appellate board per administrative
region
FORUM SHOPPING
- Multiple filing of complaints.
- When an administrative complaint is filed with a police disciplinary authority, no
other case involving the same cause of action shall be filed with any other
disciplinary authority.
AWOL – Absence Without Official Leave

- Any member of the PNP who shall go on AWOL for a continuous period of 30
days or more shall be dismissed immediately from the service.
P a g e | 50
DISCIPLINARY APPELLATE BOARDS

1. NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD – consider appeals from decisions of the Chief of
PNP.
2. REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD – consider appeals from decisions of the regional

directors, other officials, mayors, and the PLEB
ADD ON:
WOMEN’S DESK:
- Administer cases involving crimes against chastity, sexual harassment, abuses
committed against women and children and other similar offenses.
- All complaints and reports under the Women’s Desk shall be written in a
separate blotter book known as the “PINK BOOK” or “PINK BLOTTER
BOOK”
PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL EXECUTIVES IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE

PNP
a. PROVINCIAL GOVERNOR
1. Shall choose the PNP Provincial Director from a list recommended by the PNP
Regional Director
2. Serve as a chairman of the Provincial Peace and Order Council and oversee
the implementation of the Provincial Public Safety Plan
b. CITY AND MUNICIPAL MAYORS

1. Shall serve the operational supervision and control over the PNP in their
respective jurisdiction
2. Shall develop and establish an integrated area public safety plans
3. Shall have the power to impose notice and summary hearing for minor
offenses committed by the PNP in their respective jurisdiction
4. Authorize to choose the Chief of Police from a list recommended by the
Provincial Director
5. Authorize to recommend the transfer, reassignment or details of PNP
members outside of their area
6. Authorize to recommend the appointment of new member of the PNP to be
assigned in their area.
P a g e | 51
SALIENT PROVISIONS OF
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9263
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF THE BUREAU OF

FIRE PROTECTION (BFP) AND THE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND
PENOLOGY.
This Act shall be known as the "Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of
Jail Management and Penology Professionalization Act of 2004."
The BFP and the BJMP shall be respectively headed by a Chief who shall be
assisted by two (2) deputy chiefs, one (1) for administration and one (1) for operations,
all of whom shall be appointed by the President upon recommendation of the Secretary
of the DILG from among the qualified officers with at least the rank of senior
superintendent in the service.
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION (BFP)

- created by virtue of RA 6975
- initially composed of the officers and uniformed members of the fire service
of the former Integrated National Police
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BFP

1) shall be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires
on buildings, houses and other structures, forests, land transportation
vehicles and equipment, ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves or
anchored in major seaports, petroleum industry installations, plane crashes
and other similar incidents
2) shall be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines
and other similar laws
3) shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires, and if necessary, file
the proper complaints with the city or provincial prosecutor who has
jurisdiction over the case
P a g e | 52
0RGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION

- shall be headed by a CHIEF, with the rank of DIRECTOR, to be assisted
by a DEPUTY CHIEF with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be composed of provincial offices, district offices and city or municipal
fire stations
- at the provincial level, there shall be an OFFICE OF THE PROVINCIAL
FIRE MARSHALL
- in case of large provinces, there shall be DISTRICT OFFICES to be headed
by a DISTRICT FIRE MARSHALL
at the city or municipal level, there shall be a FIRE STATION each headed by a CITY
OR MUNICIPAL FIRE MARSHALL.
BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY (BJMP)

- initially composed by the officers and uniformed members of the former Jail
Management and Penology Service
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BJMP

- shall exercise supervision and control over all city and municipal jails; however,
the provincial jails shall be supervised and controlled by the provincial governor
within his jurisdiction
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION

- shall be headed by a CHIEF with the rank of DIRECTOR, to be assisted
by a DEPUTY CHIEF with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be composed of city and municipal jails each headed by a city or
municipal jail warden
A. Rank Classification
BUREAU OF FIRE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND

PROTECTION (BFP) PENOLOGY (BJMP)
Fire Director Jail Director
Fire Chief Superintendent Jail Chief Superintendent
P a g e | 53
Fire Senior Superintendent Jail Senior Superintendent

Fire Superintendent Jail Superintendent
Fire Chief Inspector Jail Chief Inspector
Fire Senior Inspector Jail Senior Inspector
Fire Inspector Jail Inspector
Senior Jail Officer IV Senior Jail Officer IV
Senior Jail Officer III Senior Jail Officer III
Senior Jail Officer II Senior Jail Officer II
Senior Jail Officer I Senior Jail Officer I
Fire Officer III Fire Officer III
Fire Officer II Fire Officer II
Fire Officer I Fire Officer I
B. Rank and Position
RANK POSITION
Fire/Jail Director Chief of Fire Bureau/Chief of Jail Bureau
Fire/Jail Chief Superintendent 1. Deputy Chief for Administration of the Fire
Bureau
Deputy Chief for Administration of the Jail
Bureau
2. Deputy Chief for Operation of Fire Bureau
Deputy Chief for Operation of Jail Bureau
3. Chief of Directorial Staff of the Fire Bureau
Chief of Directorial Staff of the Jail Bureau
Fire/Jail Senior Superintendent 1. Directors of the directorates Fire/Jail Bureau
2. Regional Director for Fire Protection
Regional Director of Jail Management and
Penology
Fire/Jail Superintendent 1. Assistant Regional Director for
Administration
2. Assistant Regional Director for Operations
3. Regional Chief of Directorial Staff
C. Appointment of Uniformed Personnel to the BFP and the BJMP.
RANK APPOINTEE REMARKS

Fire/Jail Officer I to Senior 1. Regional Director for BFP Attested by the
P a g e | 54
Fire/Jail Officer IV Regional Director for BJMP Civil Service

2. Chief of the Jail Bureau for the Commission
national headquarters
Fire/Jail Inspector to 1. Chief of the Fire Bureau Recommended by
Fire/Jail Superintendent Chief of the Jail Bureau their immediate
superiors, and
attested by the
CSC
Fire/Jail Senior Secretary of the DILG Recommended by
Superintendent respective Chief
of the BFP and
Chief of the BJMP,
with the proper
attestation of the
CSC
Fire/ Jail Chief President Recommended by
Superintendent to Fire/Jail the Secretary of
Director the DILG, with
the proper
endorsement by
the Chairman of
the CSC
SEC. 7. Professionalization and Upgrading of Qualification Standards in the

Designation of Uniformed Personnel of the BFP and the BJMP to Key
Positions.
No person shall be designated to the following key positions of the BFP and the
BJMP unless he/she has met the qualifications provided therein:
POSITION RANK/QUALIFICATIONS
Municipal Fire Marshal - Senior Inspector
- Must have finished at least second year Bachelor
of Laws or earned at least twelve (12) units in a
master's degree program.
City Fire Marshal - Chief Senior Inspector
of Laws or earned at least twenty four (24) units in
a master's degree program.
P a g e | 55
District Fire Marshal, Provincial - Superintendent

Fire Marshal, Assistant Regional - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or a
Director for Administration, holder of a mater's degree in public administration.
Assistant Regional Director for
Operations and Regional Chief
of Directorial Staff.
District Fire Marshal for the - Senior superintendent
National Capital Region, - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or a
Regional Director for Fire holder of master's degree.
Protection and Director of the
Directorate of the National
Headquarters Office.
Deputy Chief for Administration - Superintendent
of the Fire Bureau, Deputy Chief - Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or a
for Operations of the Fire holder of a master's degree in public
Bureau and Chief Directorial administration
Staff of the Fire Bureau.
Chief of the Fire Bureau - Director
- Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or a
holder of a master's degree in public
administration
No person shall be designated to the following key positions of the BJMP unless
he/she has met the qualification provided therein:
POSITION RANK/QUALIFICATIONS
Municipal Jail Warden -Chief Inspector
- Who have finished at least second year Bachelor
of Laws or earned at least twelve (12) units in a
master' degree program in management.
City Jail Warden - Chief Inspector
of Laws or earned at least twenty four (24) units in
master's degree program in management
District Jail Warden, Provincial - Senior Superintendent
Jail Administrator, Assistant - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or a
Regional Director for holder of a master's degree.
Administration, Assistant
Regional Director for Operations
and Regional Chief of Directorial
Staff
P a g e | 56
Regional Director for Jail - Senior Superintendent

Management and Penology and - Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or a
Director of the Directorate of the holder of a master's degree.
National Headquarters Office
Deputy Chief for Administration - Senior Superintendent
of the Jail Bureau, Deputy Chief - Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or a
for Operations of the Jail Bureau holder of a master's degree.
and Chief of Directorial Staff of
the Jail Bureau.
Chief of the Jail Bureau - Director
- Must be a member of the Philippine Bar or a
holder of a master's degree in management
RA 9263 - Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and

Penology Professionalization Act of 2004
- approved on 10 March 2004
- provided for the professionalization of the BFP and BJMP
RA 9592 – amendatory law to RA 9263

- approved on 8 May 2009
amended the provision on the minimum educational qualification.
PHILIPPINE PUBLIC SAFETY COLLEGE (PPSC)

FUNCTION OF THE PPSC

- shall be the premier educational institution for the training, human resource
development and continuing education of all personnel of the PNP, BFP and
BJMP
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION
P a g e | 57
- shall be under the direct supervision of a Board of Trustees composed of

the Secretary of the DILG and the three (3) bureau heads (PNP, BFP
and BJMP)
- shall consist of the Philippine National Police Academy, the National Police
College, the Philippine National Training Institute and other training centers
as may be created
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

1) formulate and implement training programs for the personnel of the
Department;
2) establish and maintain adequate physical training facilities;
3) develop and implement research and development to support educational
training programs;
4) conduct an assessment of the training needs of the bureaus;
5) perform such other related functions as may be prescribed by the Secretary
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY (PNPA)

- created pursuant to Section 13 of Presidential Decree No 1184
- a primary component of the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC)
- the premier educational institution for future officers of the Philippine National
Police (PNP), Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology (BJMP)
- upon completion of training, graduates will be conferred the degree of Bachelor
of Science in Public Safety (BSPS) and appointed as Police/Fire/Jail
Inspector
P a g e | 58
REFERENCES:
Oscar G. S., Police Organization and Administration with Police Planning and RA.6975
and RA. 8551,
Atty. D. B. ,Criminology Licensure Examination Reviewer Vol. 1 (Police Organization and
Administration with Police Planning),
Badua J. B, Police Personnel and Record Management,
Dean Guevara R., Police Organization and Administration with Police Planning,
P/Sr. Insp. Williard Dela Cruz Viñas
- Republic Act No. 9263 & Republic Act No. 1086

Law Enforcement Organization and Administration Inter Agency Approach AutoRecovered Guide

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Law Enforcement Organization and Administration Inter Agency Approach AutoRecovered Guide

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Page |1

Police Organization and Administration

CONCEPCION HOLY CROSS COLLEGE, INC.

LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION AND ADMNISTRATION

1ST SEMESTER AY 2021-2022

 Whenever a community is organized, it is imperative for the policing system to

 Hence, it is right to consider crime as a social phenomenon. In the history of

(History of Policing System)

THE MEANING OF THE TERM “POLICE”

 In a very restricted sense, POLICE refers to that organization of armed men,

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

DIFFERENT POLICE ACTIVITIES

THE EVOLUTION OF POLICING SYSTEM

1. ANGLO-SAXON PERIOD OF POLICING SYSTEM (Ancient England)

a. THANES POLICING SYSTEM

TYTHINGMEN – a group of men whose duty was to apprehend any

Note: Frankpledge Policing System is not being followed at present in the

d. HUE AND CRY

e. ROYAL JUDGE System

2. NORMAN PERIOD OF POLICING (1066-1285)

Note: In the Philippines at present, no single person is authorized to make laws,

e. June 15, 1215

3. DURING THE WESTMINSTER PERIOD

c. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

d. STAR CHAMBER COURT

4. MODERN PERIOD OF POLICING

2. HENRY FIELDING (1748)

4. 1811, FRANCE: EUGENE “FRANCOIS” VIDOCQ

5. AMERICAN POLICE SYSTEM

2. Development of American municipal (rural and city) police force

3. Development of State Police Force in America

a. Texas Rangers were organized in 1835.

4. Development of US Federal Police Force

6. EVOLUTION OF POLICE SERVICE IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING

A. Policing System during the Spanish Regime.

1. CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICO (Mounted Police)

B. During the Japanese Occupation

1. INSULAR POLICE FORCE

3. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT (MPD)

5. REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1917

7. RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and

8. RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the

IMPORTANT FILIPINO PERSONALITIES IN THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE

 COL ANTONIO TORRES

 COL LAMBERTO JAVALERA

 P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO

Concepts of Modern Policing (Sir Robert Peel)

General Concept of Police Service

The Principles of Law Enforcement enunciated by Sir Robert Peel

The Principles of Police Organization

Principles of Hierarchy of Authority

THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

2. Home Rule Theory

POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

 A group of persons working together for a common goal or objective. It is an

TITLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS

1. Bureau – largest organic unit within a large department

 An area assigned for patrol purposes either on foot or motorize

4. To attain a maximum degree of solution and criminal conviction of law violators

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION AND

WHAT ARE THE DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN GOALS AND OBJECTIVES?

TRADITIONAL ORGANIZATION THEORY