Test Bank For Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by Hooley

Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by Hooley
Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by

Hooley
To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-abnormal-psychology-17th-edition-by
-hooley/
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Chapter 6
Panic, Anxiety, Obsessions, and Their Disorders
Section 1 Test Item File ......................................................................................................................... 254

Multiple-Choice Questions ................................................................................................................. 254
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions ................................................................................................................. 283
Short-Answer Questions ..................................................................................................................... 285
Essay Questions .................................................................................................................................. 287
Section 2 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions ...................................................................... 290

End-of-Module Quiz ........................................................................................................................... 290
End-of-Chapter Quiz ........................................................................................................................... 301
Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
252
TOTAL
ASSESSMENT Chapter 6
GUIDE Panic, Anxiety, Obsessions, and their Disorders
Topic Factual Conceptual Applied
Learning Objective 6.1 Multiple Choice 1, 5 2, 3 4, 6
Fill in the Blank 113
Short Answer
Essay 134
Learning Objective 6.2 Multiple Choice 7, 8, 9, 10
Short Answer 123
Essay
Learning Objective 6.3 Multiple Choice 11, 14, 21, 25, 26, 13, 15, 24, 27, 12, 16, 17, 18,
32 28, 29, 31 19, 20, 22, 23,
30, 33
Fill in the Blank 115, 116 117
Short Answer 125, 127 124, 126
Essay
Learning Objective 6.4 Multiple Choice 34, 35, 37, 41 36, 38, 39, 40
Short Answer
Essay 135 2
52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 60, 62, 64, 65 67, 68, 69
61, 63, 66
Short Answer 128 129, 130
Essay 136
Learning Objective 6.6 Multiple Choice 74, 75, 76, 78 71, 73, 77, 79, 70, 72
80, 81,
Short Answer 131, 133 132
Essay
92, 93, 94, 96, 99, 102,
100, 101, 103,
104, 105, 106,
107, 108, 109
Short Answer
Essay 137
Learning Objective 6.8 Multiple Choice 110, 111, 112
Short Answer
Essay 138
253
Chapter 6 Panic, Anxiety, Obsessions, and Their Disorders
Section 1 Test Item File
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Neurotic behavior is ________

a. maladaptive and means that a person is out of touch with reality.
b. a current term, used to describe many disorders in the DSM-5.
c. what we now refer to as “hysteria.”
d. maladaptive but means that a person is not out of touch with reality.
Answer: d. maladaptive but means that a person is not out of touch with reality.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 174
Skill: Remember the Facts
Learning Objective: 6.1: Distinguish between fear and anxiety
2. DSM-III classification, which omitted the concept of neurosis, was an improvement because
________
a. each category now has a specific effective treatment.
b. now anxiety disorders are identified regardless of whether anxiety symptoms are expressed.
c. diagnostic criteria are now based on shared, observable symptoms and are more clearly defined.
d. each category is made up of symptoms that have one causal origin.
Answer: c. diagnostic criteria are now based on shared, observable symptoms and are more clearly
defined.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 174
Skill: Understand the Concepts
3. Fear is a basic emotion that involves ________

a. concern about the future.
b. the activation of the “fight or flight” response.
c. negative thoughts, but not a change in physiological arousal.
d. a complex blend of negative mood and self-preoccupation.
Answer: b. the activation of the “fight-or-flight” response.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 174
254
4. Which of the following would be an example of anxiety?
a. Julie jumped when she saw the snake.
b. Hilda dreaded walking home alone.
c. Carl was certain that the food was poisoned.
d. The voices in Paul’s head told him he should be afraid.
Answer: b. Hilda dreaded walking home alone.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 174
Skill: Apply What You Know
5. The main way to tell someone is having a panic attack rather than just in a state of fear is ________
a. whether he or she thinks about what is happening.
b. whether he or she shows physiological changes such as increased heart rate.
c. if he or she has a subjective belief that something awful is about to happen.
d. if he or she feels a strong urge to flee.
Answer: c. if he or she has a subjective belief that something awful is about to happen.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 175
6. Which of the following is a typical symptom of panic attacks?

a. Hallucinations
b. Delusions
c. Fear of dying
d. Paranoia
Answer: c. Fear of dying
Difficulty: 1
Page: 175
7. Which of the following is one of the five primary types of anxiety disorders recognized in the DSM-
5?
a. hypochondriasis
b. agoraphobia
c. dissociative fugue
d. bipolar disorder
Answer: b. agoraphobia
Difficulty: 1
Page: 176
Learning Objective: 6.2: Describe the essential features of anxiety disorders.
255
8. What is one of the major ways the anxiety disorders differ from each other?
a. Whether they have a genetic component.
b. Whether they are treatable.
c. Whether there are more fear/panic symptoms or anxiety symptoms involved.
d. Whether the disorder is associated with other anxiety disorders.
Answer: c. Whether there are more fear/panic symptoms or anxiety symptoms involved.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 176
9. Neuroticism is ________
a. a tendency to experience negative mood states.
b. simply another term for anxiety.
c. a tendency to believe negative things about oneself.
d. a tendency to feel anxious.
Answer: a. a tendency to experience negative mood states.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 176
10. Gradual exposure to feared cues is ________

a. an old treatment for anxiety disorders that is no longer used.
b. a common component of treatment for all anxiety disorders.
c. likely to make someone with an anxiety disorder worse in the long term.
d. a useful treatment for phobias but not other anxiety disorders.
Answer: b. a common component of treatment for all anxiety disorders.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 177
Learning Objective: 6.3: Explain the clinical features of specific phobias.
11. Individuals who suffer from phobias ________

a. are likely to believe that their fear is justified.
b. suffer from cued panic attacks.
c. are unlikely to have other psychological diagnoses.
d. have a disproportionate fear of some specific object.
Answer: d. have a disproportionate fear of some specific object.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 177
256
12. Martin is afraid to fly. He knows his boss wants him to take a trip for the business. Martin feels
miserable, because he wants to keep his job but cannot even imagine getting on a plane. The most
likely diagnosis for Martin is ________
a. agoraphobia without history of panic disorder.
b. social phobia.
c. specific phobia, situation type.
d. panic disorder with agoraphobia.
Answer: c. specific phobia, situation type.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 178
13. Why do people with phobias continue to avoid the thing they fear?
a. Avoidance is reinforced by anxiety reduction.
b. There is something wrong with their fight or flight system.
c. They are cognitively unable to make any other decision due to their disorder.
d. Their low self-esteem causes them to choose not to fight their fear.
Answer: a. Avoidance is reinforced by anxiety reduction.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 178
14. Which of the following is associated with a unique physiological response pattern?
a. Agoraphobia
b. Blood-injection-injury phobia
c. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. Generalized anxiety disorder
Answer: b. Blood-injection-injury phobia
Difficulty: 2
Page: 178-179
15. An evolutionary psychologist might say, “The unique physiological response in this disorder,
involving fainting at the sight of the feared object, may have evolved because fainting might inhibit
further attack from a predator.” What disorder is being discussed?
a. Blood-injection-injury phobia
b. Agoraphobia with panic attacks
c. Social phobia
d. Animal phobia
Answer: a. blood-injection-injury phobia
Difficulty: 1
Page: 178-179
257
16. Which of the following phobias is a 10-year-old boy most likely to suffer from?
a. Animal phobia
b. Driving phobia
c. Claustrophobia
d. Social phobia
Answer: a. Animal phobia
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
17. Which of the following explanations for Diana’s scissors phobia would Freud be most likely to
offer?
a. Constant warnings about the importance of not running with scissors have generalized to an
overall fear of scissors.
b. Diana suffers from womb envy, creating an unconscious desire to harm her pregnant mother.
c. Diana’s mother is a seamstress and Diana unconsciously wants to kill her.
d. Diana once saw her brother seriously injured by a sharp object.
Answer: c. Diana’s mother is a seamstress and Diana unconsciously wants to kill her.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
18. When Charissa was a young child, she stepped on a bee and was stung. Since that time, she has been
terrified of flying insects and runs away if she sees any. What form of learning is this?
a. Defense mechanism
b. Vicarious conditioning
c. Observational learning
d. Classical conditioning
Answer: d. Classical conditioning
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
19. When Kenneth was a young boy he went to a dentist who treated him uncaringly and inflicted a
good deal of pain. Even years later, he has an uncontrollable and intense fear of not only dentists but
physicians, too. This best illustrates how phobias might be the result of ________
Answer: a. generalization in classical conditioning.
a. generalization in classical conditioning.
b. observational conditioning.
c. secondary gain.
d. the inflation effect.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
258
20. Nicole’s mother is terribly afraid of snakes. Although Nicole has never actually seen a snake, her
mother has told her time and again to be careful to look for them when she is walking. Now Nicole
has an intense fear of snakes and refuses to walk in the grass. This is an example of ________
a. vicarious conditioning of a phobia.
b. classical conditioning of a phobia.
c. operant conditioning of a phobia.
d. unconscious displacement of anxiety onto a phobic object.
Answer: a. vicarious conditioning of a phobia.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
21. When do phobias like claustrophobia and driving phobia begin?
a. Adolescence
b. Childhood
c. Middle adulthood
d. Late adulthood
Answer: a. Adolescence
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
22. Casey and Josh have both been bitten by strange dogs. Casey has a dog of his own at home that he
loves. Josh has little experience with dogs. Which is likely to develop a phobia?
a. Both boys are likely to develop a phobia because of the traumatic nature of the event.
b. Casey is more likely to develop a phobia because his schema of dogs has been violated.
c. Casey is less likely to develop a phobia because he has had lots of earlier positive experiences
with dogs.
d. It will depend on which boy is more sensitive to pain.
Answer: c. Casey is less likely to develop a phobia because he has had lots of earlier positive experiences
with dogs.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
23. Wendy went swimming in the ocean last week and became mildly fearful when she swallowed a lot
of water and felt as though she would drown. Now she is petrified of going into the ocean. This best
illustrates ________
a. the observational learning explanation for phobias.
b. the inability of the phobic person to direct his or her attention away from a feared object.
c. the “inflation effect.”
d. classically conditioned fear based on direct experience.
Answer: d. classically conditioned fear based on direct experience.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 179
259
24. Which of the following illustrates how cognitive variables may act to maintain acquired fears?
a. Jane no longer went to the park due to her fear of dogs.
b. Karen would think happy thoughts whenever she drove over a bridge.
c. Ryan’s fear of heights caused him to always wonder just how high up he was in a building.
d. Melvin knew that his heart was racing because he was afraid.
Answer: c. Ryan’s fear of heights caused him to always wonder just how high up he was in a building.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 185
25. Evolutionary preparedness explains ________

a. why phobic people are likely to maintain their avoidance behavior.
b. how the inflation effect works.
c. why cognitive variables are so important in phobias.
d. why some types of phobias are much more common than others.
Answer: d. why some types of phobias are much more common than others.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
26. What has research on the preparedness theory of phobias found?

a. Fear responses cannot be conditioned to fear-irrelevant stimuli.
b. Acquired fear responses can be elicited with subliminal exposure to fear-relevant stimuli.
c. Prepared fears are innate.
d. There are cross-cultural differences in the stimuli people are “prepared” to fear.
Answer: b. Acquired fear responses can be elicited with subliminal exposure to fear-relevant stimuli.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 180
27. It is fairly easy to condition monkeys and humans to fear snakes but almost impossible to condition
either to fear a flower. This supports the ________ theory of phobias.
a. classical conditioning
b. vicarious conditioning
c. preparedness
d. psychoanalytic
Answer: c. preparedness
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
260
28. From an evolutionary perspective, what concept explains the easy acquisition of a fear of spiders or
snakes?
a. Vicarious conditioning
b. Defense mechanisms
c. Prepared learning
d. Behavioral inhibition
Answer: c. prepared learning
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
29. Which of the following provides evidence against a role for inherited factors in the development of
phobias?
a. The high concordance rate seen in fraternal twins
b. The impact of nonshared environmental factors
c. The preparedness hypothesis
d. The early onset of many phobic reactions
Answer: b. The impact of nonshared environmental factors
Difficulty: 1
Page: 181
30. Lauren is phobic of birds. Her therapist shows her how to approach a bird in a cage. The therapist
then takes the bird out, pets it and feeds it. She then encourages Lauren to do the same behaviors.
This type of procedure is called ________
a. exposure therapy.
b. classical conditioning.
c. participant modeling.
d. virtual reality therapy.
Answer: c. participant modeling.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 181
31. Which of the following seems to be the best treatment for phobias?
a. Exposure therapy
b. Psychoanalysis
c. Cognitive restructuring
d. Family therapy
Answer: a. Exposure therapy
Difficulty: 3
Page: 181
261
32. Virtual reality environments ________
a. permit the use of a combination of exposure therapy, participant modeling, and stress
inoculation.
b. have been shown to be effective in treating agoraphobia.
c. appear to be more effective in treating phobias than live exposure to the feared stimulus.
d. allow exposure therapy to be conducted in a simulated setting.
Answer: d. allow exposure therapy to be conducted in a simulated setting.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 182
33. Kayla has just started college and wants to make friends. She refuses to go to large parties because
she is afraid that she will blush and sweat, and that other people will laugh at her. She is fine when
talking to people in one-on-one settings. Kayla’s most likely diagnosis is ________
a. social phobia.
b. specific phobia, situational type.
c. agoraphobia without history of panic disorder.
d. generalized social phobia.
Answer: a. social phobia.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 183
Learning Objective: 6.4: Discuss the clinical features of social phobia
34. Social phobia ________

a. is characterized by significant fear of most social situations.
b. and antisocial personality commonly are comorbid disorders.
c. involves a fear of one or more specific social situations.
d. typically develops in childhood.
Answer: c. involves a fear of one or more specific social situations.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 183
35. Most individuals diagnosed with social phobia ________

a. can identify the origin of their social phobia.
b. have no other anxiety or mood disorders.
c. are men.
d. abuse alcohol.
Answer: a. can identify the origin of their social phobia.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 183
262
36. Studies of preparedness and social phobia ________
a. find that angry faces act as fear-relevant stimuli.
b. reveal that an explicit perception of threat is necessary to evoke a sympathetic response.
c. do not provide justification for the seemingly irrational nature of social phobia.
d. provide an explanation for why such a maladaptive behavioral response persists.
Answer: a. find that angry faces act as fear-relevant stimuli.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 185
37. Behaviorally inhibited young children are more likely to develop social phobia. This is an example
of a ________ causal factor.
a. conditioning
b. preparedness
c. cognitive
d. biological
Answer: d. biological
Difficulty: 2
Page: 185-186
38. Individuals with social phobia are likely to ________

a. be aggressive.
b. attribute events in their lives to external factors.
c. have been raised in a permissive environment.
d. attribute negative life events to internal, global, and stable factors.
Answer: b. attribute events in their lives to external factors.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 186
39. Cognitive approaches to social phobia focus on ________

a. extinguishing problematic behavioral responses.
b. challenging automatic thoughts.
c. identifying the underlying cause of the phobia.
d. minimizing symptoms.
Answer: b. challenging automatic thoughts.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 186
263
40. Panic attacks, by definition, ________
a. are seen in individuals with panic disorder.
b. are unexpected (“uncued”).
c. require the presence of at least 4 of 13 characteristic symptoms.
d. are 30 to 60 minutes in duration.
Answer: c. require the presence of at least 4 of 13 characteristic symptoms.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 187
Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 6.5: Describe the clinical features of panic disorder.
41. Which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of panic disorder?

a. Uncued panic attacks
b. Depersonalization
c. Panic attacks, cued and uncued, consisting of at least 6 of the 13 symptoms of a panic attack
d. Derealization
Answer: a. Uncued panic attacks
Difficulty: 1
Page: 187
Learning Objective: 6.5: Describe the clinical features of panic disorder.
42. When Jill experienced her first panic attack, she felt as if she were outside of herself, watching
herself struggle to catch her breath. Jill’s sense of not being part of herself is one of the symptoms of
a panic attack known as ________
a. derealization.
b. depersonalization.
c. dissociative fugue.
d. personality disintegration.
Answer: b. depersonalization.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 188
43. Compared to anxiety, panic is ________

a. less focused.
b. longer lasting.
c. slower to develop.
d. more intense.
Answer: d. more intense.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 175, 187
264
44. Panic disorders are often misdiagnosed because ________
a. the symptoms overlap so much with major depression.
b. the symptoms are so chronic and mild, they do not seem like serious forms of psychopathology.
c. patients are so embarrassed by their problems, they do not make them known to professionals.
d. symptoms are so somatic they are treated by physicians for medical problems.
Answer: d. symptoms are so somatic they are treated by physicians for medical problems.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 187
45. Agoraphobia is best described as a fear of ________

a. going to the dentist.
b. being alone.
c. being judged by people.
d. experiencing a panic attack.
Answer: d. experiencing a panic attack.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 188
46. ________ was once thought to be a fear of crowded places, but now is seen as a complication of
having panic attacks in public.
a. Agoraphobia
b. Claustrophobia
c. Generalized anxiety disorder
d. General social phobia
Answer: a. Agoraphobia
Difficulty: 1
Page: 188
47. Mrs. B. tells her psychologist, “I cannot leave a certain region around my home without having
terrible fears. I am terribly worried when I am in a car or bus. I am afraid I will have another one of
those terrifying experiences.” What disorder does Mrs. B probably have and what experience is she
talking about?
a. The disorder is specific phobia, the experience is a panic attack.
b. The disorder is agoraphobia, the experience is a panic attack.
c. The disorder is obsessive-compulsive disorder, the experience is an obsession.
d. The disorder is generalized anxiety disorder, the experience is anxiety.
Answer: b. The disorder is agoraphobia, the experience is a panic attack.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 188
265
48. In order to qualify as a full-blown panic attack, which of the following must be present?
a. One or two panic symptoms, most of which are physical
b. At least four of thirteen symptoms, most of which are physical
c. Slow onset of at least four to thirteen symptoms
d. Slow onset with one to two symptoms developing over the course of an hour
Answer: b. at least four of thirteen symptoms, most of which are physical
Difficulty: 2
Page: 187
49. Panic disorder is best described as a(n) ________ condition.

a. chronic
b. acute
c. dissociative
d. inherited
Answer: a. chronic
Difficulty: 2
Page: 188
50. James began having panic attacks immediately after his mother died suddenly. As they became
more frequent, he began to fear going into public situations where they might occur. Now he is
unable to leave his apartment and has others go out to shop for him. What is unusual about this
case?
a. It is unusual for a person with severe agoraphobia to be a man.
b. It is unusual for panic attacks to begin after a stressful life event.
c. It is unusual for fear of panic attacks to lead to agoraphobia.
d. There is nothing unusual about this case.
Answer: a. It is unusual for a person with severe agoraphobia to be a man.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 189-190
51. Which of the following is a sociocultural explanation for the higher incidence of anxiety disorders in
women?
a. Historically, women have had to stay and care for young. Thus, a hypervigilant state was
adaptive.
b. Women have a natural tendency to be more cautious than men.
c. High levels of male hormones lead to aggression and fearlessness.
d. It is more acceptable for women to exhibit fear.
Answer: d. It is more acceptable for women to exhibit fear.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 190
266
52. Approximately ___ to ___ of people report their first panic attack occurred after a negative life
event.
a. 10; 20
b. 30; 40
c. 60; 70
d. 80; 90
Answer: d. 80; 90
Difficulty: 2
Page: 190
53. Agoraphobics are highly likely to have all of the following except ________
a. PTSD.
b. alcohol abuse.
c. depression.
d. neurotic personality disorder.
Answer: d. neurotic personality disorder.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 190
54. Most first panic attacks ________

a. follow some distressing event.
b. are uncued.
c. are followed by the development of panic disorder.
d. last more than an hour.
Answer: a. follow some distressing event.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 190
55. Research using panic provocation procedures has revealed ________

a. the neurobiological basis for panic disorder.
b. that there is no biological explanation for panic disorder.
c. flaws in the studies using sodium lactate infusion.
d. that there are probably multiple biological explanations for panic disorder.
Answer: d. that there are probably multiple biological explanations for panic disorder.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 192
267
56. What is thought to explain the effectiveness of SSRIs in treating panic disorder?
a. They increase serotonergic activity.
b. They increase noradrenergic activity.
c. They decrease serotonergic activity.
d. They decrease noradrenergic activity.
Answer: d. They decrease noradrenergic activity.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 192
57. Which brain structure is recognized as playing a central role in panic attacks?
a. Amygdala
b. Cerebellum
c. Hippocampus
d. Locus coeruleus
Answer: a. Amygdala
Difficulty: 1
Page: 192
58. “Repeated stimulation of the limbic system by discharges from the locus coeruleus may lower the
threshold for later experiences of anxiety. Then, through learning, controlled by the prefrontal
cortex, the person actively avoids fearful situations.” This quotation most clearly refers to the
biological processes involved in ________
a. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. panic disorder with agoraphobia.
c. generalized anxiety disorder.
d. social phobia.
Answer: b. panic disorder with agoraphobia.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 192
59. Betty is hyperaware of such bodily sensations as heart rate and respiration rate. When she perceives
heart or breathing as getting faster she becomes afraid that she is having a heart attack. These
thoughts make her symptoms worse and she has a panic attack. Betty’s pattern of thinking best
illustrates ________
a. cognitive theory of panic.
b. the psychoanalytic theory of panic.
c. the importance of perceived control in panic disorder.
d. the role of the locus coeruleus in panic.
Answer: a. cognitive theory of panic.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 193
268
60. Anxiety sensitivity is ________
a. a fear of open spaces.
b. a belief that anxiety will kill.
c. a trait-like belief that certain bodily symptoms may have harmful consequences.
d. a fear that situations in which panic attacks occur will be devastating.
Answer: c. a trait-like belief that certain bodily symptoms may have harmful consequences.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 194
61. Fear of standing in line and fear of crowded places are characteristic of which of the following?
a. Social phobia
b. Generalized anxiety disorder
c. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. Agoraphobia
Answer: d. agoraphobia
Difficulty: 1
Page: 189
62. Which of the following statements is correct in regard to the role of cognitions in panic?
a. Panic can be prevented in a panic provocation study by explaining what will happen.
b. Panic clients are more likely to interpret bodily sensations as catastrophic events.
c. Only individuals who tend to catastrophize develop panic disorder.
d. Cognitive therapy is less effective than emotive therapy for panic disorder.
Answer: b. Panic clients are more likely to interpret bodily sensations as catastrophic events.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 192
63. The cognitive model does not account for ________

a. nocturnal panic attacks.
b. the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapies.
c. findings from panic provocation studies.
d. evidence of a role for genes in anxiety disorders.
Answer: a. nocturnal panic attacks.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 193
269
64. High levels of anxiety sensitivity ________
a. increase the risk of all types of anxiety disorder.
b. are seen in all who develop agoraphobia.
c. predict the development of spontaneous panic attacks.
d. can be effectively treated with drugs that minimize noradrenergic function.
Answer: c. predict the development of spontaneous panic attacks.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 194
65. Why do many people with panic disorder continue to believe they are having a heart attack despite
the fact that they never have had one?
a. They continue to go through classical conditioned learning experiences each time they have a
panic attack.
b. They tend to engage in “safety behaviors” that they believe are the reason the catastrophe didn’t
happen.
c. They tell themselves that physicians may have missed earlier heart attacks.
d. They have such a high level of fear that learning is not possible.
Answer: b. They tend to engage in “safety behaviors” that they believe are the reason the catastrophe
didn’t happen.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 195
66. Which of the following are the antidepressants most widely prescribed today for the treatment of
panic disorder?
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclics
c. Anxiolytics
d. Benzodiazepines
Answer: a. SSRIs
Difficulty: 1
Page: 196
67. Harold’s panic attacks have become so severe that he has finally sought treatment. He sees a
psychiatrist who writes Harold a prescription that should offer him some immediate relief. Which of
the following drugs is Harold most likely to have been prescribed?
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclics
c. Monamine oxidase inhibitors
d. Benzodiazepines
Answer: d. Benzodiazepines
Difficulty: 1
Page: 196
270
68. Quentin is seeking medication to treat his panic disorder. Due to Quentin’s history of substance
abuse, his doctor hesitates. After some consideration, the doctor is most likely to write Quentin a
prescription for a ________, confident that abuse won’t be an issue.
a. SSRI
b. tricyclic
c. monamine oxidase inhibitor
d. benzodiazepine
Answer: a. SSRI
Difficulty: 2
Page: 196
69. While in treatment for panic disorder, Leroy is asked to engage in behaviors that activate the
sympathetic nervous system. In other words, Leroy is engaging in behaviors that produce the
physical sensation of fear. What type of treatment does this appear to be?
a. Exteroceptive exposure
b. Interoceptive exposure
c. Anxiety sensitivity training
d. Cognitive reconditioning
Answer: b. Interoceptive exposure
Difficulty: 1
Page: 195
70. Amber feels anxious almost all the time. She finds herself worrying that her husband will leave her
(although he has never shown any indication that he would), that she chose the wrong job, that her
children might not be safe at their school, and that she might get sick and leave her family in
financial ruin. She calls her husband almost every day to find out when he will be home. She
complains to her physician that she is always tired but cannot sleep or relax. Amber’s most likely
diagnosis is ________
a. generalized anxiety disorder.
b. generalized social phobia.
c. panic disorder with agoraphobia.
d. obsessive compulsive disorder.
Answer: a. generalized anxiety disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 197
Learning Objective: 6.6: Explain the clinical aspects of generalized anxiety disorder.
271
71. According to the psychoanalytic view, what makes generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) different
from specific phobias?
a. Defense mechanisms are not functional in GAD.
b. Different defense mechanisms are employed by those with GAD and those with specific
phobias.
c. The underlying conflict in GAD is between the ego and the superego, while it is between the id
and ego in specific phobias.
d. Individuals with specific phobias suffer from self-hate and project this emotion on the feared
stimulus.
Answer: a. Defense mechanisms are not functional in GAD.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 199
72. Derek’s moods have always seemed to be unpredictable and irrational. Nancy, who has been
diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, never knows when he is going to come home and yell
at her and the kids. In family therapy it is revealed that Derek’s moods are really not irrational, but a
reflection of the day’s sales at his store. Which of the following would be most likely to decrease
Nancy’s anxiety?
a. Derek can commit more money to advertising so as to increase sales.
b. Derek and Nancy should separate.
c. Derek could call home each day and let Nancy know how the day went.
d. Derek should sell the business.
Answer: c. Derek could call home each day and let Nancy know how the day went.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 200
73. Which of the following have studies of control in humans and monkeys provided support for?
a. Genes play only a minimal role in the development of generalized anxiety disorder.
b. Early experiences with mastery and control may serve as protective factors, decreasing the
likelihood of developing generalized anxiety disorder.
c. Exposure to uncontrollable events does not increase the chances of developing generalized
anxiety disorder.
d. The comorbidity of specific phobias and generalized anxiety disorder.
Answer: b. Early experiences with mastery and control may serve as protective factors, decreasing the
likelihood of developing generalized anxiety disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 200
272
74. Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits that those with GAD commonly believe they
derive from worrying?
a. If I worry about it now, I won’t be as upset when it happens.
b. If I worry about it, it is less likely to happen.
c. If I worry about it, I won’t have to think about other things that are even worse.
d. If I worry about it, I’ll be more prepared when it does happen.
Answer: a. If I worry about it now, I won’t be as upset when it happens.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 200
75. One of the main functions that worry seems to serve in generalized anxiety disorder is ________
a. it keeps people distracted from what is really bothering them.
b. it keeps people with the disorder feeling happier than if they didn’t worry.
c. it prevents people with the disorder from developing depression.
d. it keeps people from feeling the emotional and physiological consequences of anxiety.
Answer: d. it keeps people from feeling the emotional and physiological consequences of anxiety.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 200
76. One of the main problems with the worry in generalized anxiety disorders is ________
a. it keeps people distracted from what is really bothering them.
b. it is a form of avoidance and prevents extinction.
c. it increases the effects of operant conditioning on their fears.
d. it keeps people with the disorder feeling happier than if they don’t worry.
Answer: b. it is a form of avoidance and prevents extinction.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 200
77. Neurobiological factors involved in panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder provide
evidence for the hypothesis that ________
a. both disorders are caused by an excess of the GABA neurotransmitter.
b. fear and anxiety are fundamentally distinct.
c. the two disorders are genetically identical.
d. panic may be an acute version of generalized anxiety disorder.
Answer: b. fear and anxiety are fundamentally distinct.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 202
273
78. What disorder does GAD appear to be most related to?
a. PTSD
b. Panic disorder
c. Specific phobia
d. Major depression
Answer: d. Major depression
Difficulty: 2
Page: 201
79. The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating GAD supports the hypothesis that ________
a. a serotonin deficiency underlies GAD.
b. heightened autonomic arousal causes the anxiety of those with GAD.
c. a GABA deficiency underlies GAD.
d. anxiety increases noradrenergic activity.
Answer: c. a GABA deficiency underlies GAD.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 201
80. If a pharmaceutical company were looking for a drug that would maximally treat generalized
anxiety disorder they would want one that ________
a. suppressed the activity of the locus coeruleus in the brain stem and the central gray in the
midbrain.
b. decreased GABA levels while increasing norepinephrine.
c. increased GABA levels while regulating serotonin.
d. decreased serotonin levels and suppressed activity in the locus coeruleus.
Answer: c. increased GABA levels while regulating serotonin.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 201
81. Which of the following is a disadvantage of treating GAD with a benzodiazepine?

a. A therapeutic response is not seen for several weeks.
b. There is a high risk of overdose.
c. Such drugs can create physical and psychological dependence.
d. The somatic symptoms are not treated.
Answer: c. Such drugs drugs can create physical and psychological dependence.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 202
274
82. Persistent and recurrent thoughts are ________
a. compulsions.
b. delusions.
c. hallucinations.
d. obsessions.
Answer: d. obsessions.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 203
Learning Objective: 6.7: Describe the clinical features of obsessive compulsive disorder and how it is
treated.
83. Most people with obsessive-compulsive disorder ________
a. experience obsessions, but compulsions are relatively rare.
b. experience compulsions, but obsessions are relatively rare.
c. experience both obsessions and compulsions.
d. develop compulsions in childhood, and obsessions in adolescence or adulthood.
Answer: c. experience both obsessions and compulsions.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 203
treated.
84. Which of the following is characteristic of the obsessions seen in OCD?
a. The obsessions serve to alleviate the anxiety created by the compulsions.
b. The obsessions are clearly related to a traumatic life event.
c. The obsessions are rarely related to the compulsions exhibited.
d. Individuals with OCD know that their obsessions are irrational.
Answer: d. Individuals with OCD know that their obsessions are irrational.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 205
treated.
85. Tara believes that it is extremely important to be clean. She cleans her kitchen and bathroom daily
and the rest of the house at least once every few days. She uses antibacterial soap and sterile water
to clean. She says she wants people to be able to eat off her floors. Tara is very proud of her house
and the way she keeps it. She ________
a. has obsessive compulsive disorder.
b. has specific phobia, situational type.
c. generalized anxiety disorder.
d. has no disorder.
Answer: d. has no disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 205
treated.
275
86. Jessica spends much of her day counting or saying certain words to herself. When she is not doing
this, she is checking whether she left her doors unlocked. These symptoms illustrate ________
a. compulsions.
b. obsessions.
c. both obsessions (the counting and saying words) and compulsions (the checking).
d. neither obsessions nor compulsions.
Answer: a. compulsions.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 203
treated.
87. Mark feels the need to tap everything within his arms reach twice. He doesn’t have any particular
thoughts associated with this, he just becomes anxious if he doesn’t do it, because “something bad
might happen.” Mark ________
a. does not have obsessive compulsive disorder.
b. has obsessive compulsive disorder.
c. has an unusual type of specific phobia.
d. has no disorder.
Answer: b. has obsessive compulsive disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 205
treated.
88. Which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of OCD?

a. The presence of compulsive behaviors
b. A persistent awareness of the irrational nature of the obsessions experienced
c. Evidence of psychosis
d. The symptomatic behavior causes distress
Answer: d. the symptomatic behavior causes distress
Difficulty: 2
Page: 205
treated.
276
89. Dagmar is a musician and she loves the fact that she constantly hears new melodies in her head. In
fact, she cannot remember a time when she did not hear music. Why is this not an example of an
obsession?
a. Obsessions must be accompanied by ritualistic actions.
b. Obsessions must come on suddenly in response to a stressful life event.
c. Obsessions must be voluntary thoughts that a person knows are irrational.
d. Obsessions must be intrusive thoughts the person finds disturbing.
Answer: d. Obsessions must be intrusive thoughts the person finds disturbing.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 203
treated.
90. Which of the following is unique about OCD, as compared to other anxiety disorders?
a. It afflicts more men than women.
b. The incidence is about equal for men and women.
c. It usually begins in childhood.
d. It is a culture-bound disorder.
Answer: b. The incidence is about equal for men and women.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 206
treated.
91. Which of the following is true of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

a. Nearly six times more women than men suffer from OCD.
b. This disorder tends to begin in adolescence or early adulthood, but is not uncommon in children.
c. Once thought to be a fairly common disorder, with new diagnostic criteria, it is seen as quite
rare.
d. Although most people have both obsessive thoughts and compulsive rituals, rarely are the two
issues related.
Answer: b. This disorder tends to begin in adolescence or early adulthood, but is not uncommon in
children.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 206
treated.
277
92. Which of the following is a common type of obsession seen in OCD?
a. Fear of contamination
b. Counting over and over
c. Hand washing
d. Double checking locked doors
Answer: a. Fear of contamination
Difficulty: 1
Page: 204
treated.
93. What of the following are among the most common obsessive thoughts in people with OCD?
a. Worry about humiliating oneself in public
b. Fear of contamination and fear of harming others
c. Being the victim of crime and having a panic attack in public
d. Desire to get intoxicated on drugs and alcohol
Answer: b. Fear of contamination and fear of harming others
Difficulty: 1
Page: 204
treated.
94. Which of the following is one of the five primary types of compulsive acts seen in individuals with
OCD?
a. Cleaning
b. Fear of contamination
c. Fear of danger
d. Scanning
Answer: a. Cleaning
Difficulty: 1
Page: 204
treated.
95. What do all of the compulsions seen in OCD have in common?

a. They all take 15 to 20 minutes to perform.
b. All involve counting.
c. They are engaged in as means of alleviating tension.
d. There is little desire to engage in the compulsion.
Answer: c. They are engaged in as means of alleviating tension.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 205
treated.
278
96. Some things seem to be consistent across all the different forms that obsessive-compulsive disorder
takes. These include ________
a. a tendency to have an aggressive, impulsive personality.
b. an overwhelming fear that something terrible will happen to the person or to others for which
they are responsible.
c. a strong resistance to depressive and other mood disorders.
d. an inability to see that the compulsive actions they engage in are unnecessary and ridiculous.
Answer: b. an overwhelming fear that something terrible will happen to the person or to others for which
they are responsible.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 205
treated.
97. According to the behavioral viewpoint, compulsions are repeated because ________
a. they act of engaging in the behavior is pleasurable.
b. they serve to reduce anxiety.
c. they are reflexive responses that can’t be controlled.
d. they permit the expression of repressed urges.
Answer: b. they serve to reduce anxiety.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 206
treated.
98. Which of the following is a true statement about Mowrer’s two-process theory of avoidance
learning?
a. It provides an explanation for the development of all anxiety disorders.
b. While it suggests mechanisms for the development of GAD, it does not account for the
development of panic disorder and OCD.
c. It does not account for the effectiveness of extinction procedures in the treatment of OCD.
d. It has not been helpful in explaining why people with OCD develop obsessions in the first place
and why some people never develop compulsive behaviors.
Answer: d. It has not been helpful in explaining why people with OCD develop obsessions in the first
place and why some people never develop compulsive behaviors.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 206
treated.
279
99. The fact that dirt and contamination were threats to our ancestors suggests that ________
a. preparedness theory may help explain obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. fear of these things is rational.
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder probably exists in many species, not just humans.
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder is one of the oldest disorders in existence.
Answer: a. preparedness theory may help explain obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 207
treated.
100. Which of the following provides a unique challenge when trying to eliminate the obsessions seen in
OCD?
a. The client is likely to feel that his or her concerns are justified.
b. Attempting to not think about something may lead to thinking about it more.
c. Obsessions are likely to only be experienced under certain environmental conditions.
d. Medications are ineffective in suppressing obsessions.
Answer: b. Attempting to not think about something may lead to thinking about it more.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 207
treated.
101. Thought-action fusion is ________

a. a psychotic symptom that helps distinguish between anxiety disorders and psychotic disorders.
b. support for the preparedness theory of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
c. the belief that thinking about something is as bad as actually doing it.
d. the reason why trying to suppress unwanted thoughts often causes an increase in those thoughts.
Answer: c. the belief that thinking about something is as bad as actually doing it.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 208
treated.
102. Research on the role of genetics in the development of OCD suggests that ________
a. there may be “neurotic” personality factors that increase susceptibility to OCD.
b. altered serotonergic functioning is inherited.
c. genes do not play a role in OCD.
d. an abnormality on the X chromosome underlies OCD.
Answer: a. there may be “neurotic” personality factors that increase susceptibility to OCD.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 208
treated.
280
103. As discussed in your text, much evidence now suggests a number of biological causal factors in
obsessive-compulsive disorder including ________
a. a minimal or absent genetic contribution.
b. abnormalities in the functioning of the basal ganglia.
c. abnormalities in dopamine systems.
d. decreased activity in the orbital frontal cortex.
Answer: b. abnormalities in the functioning of the basal ganglia.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 209
treated.
104. OCD seems to respond best to medications that affect the ________ system.
a. serotonin
b. GABA
c. dopamine
d. epinephrine
Answer: a. serotonin
Difficulty: 1
Page: 211
treated.
105. Body dysmorphic disorder in DSM-IV used to be classified as a(n) ________

a. anxiety disorder.
b. somatoform disorder.
c. psychotic disorder.
d. personality disorder.
Answer: b. somatoform disorder.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 212
treated.
106. Body dysmorphic disorder is ________

a. more likely to be seen in men.
b. more likely to be seen in women.
c. equally likely to be seen in men or women.
d. most likely to be seen in children.
Answer: c. equally likely to be seen in men or women.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 213
treated.
281
107. People with body dysmorphic disorder ________
a. overemphasize and show tremendous attention to information relating to attractiveness.
b. underemphasize and show little attention to information relating to attractiveness.
c. underemphasize and show little attention to information relating to politics.
d. overemphasize and show tremendous attention to information relating to politics.
Answer: a. overemphasize and show tremendous attention to information relating to attractiveness.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 214
treated.
108. Compulsive hair pulling is also referred to as ________

a. pedophilia.
b. hoarding.
c. frotteurism.
d. trichotillomania
Answer: d. trichotillomania
Difficulty: 1
Page: 215
treated.
109. Mowrer’s two-process theory of avoidance learning provides a theoretical rationale for an effective
treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder. What is this treatment?
a. Response activation therapy
b. Exposure prevention therapy
c. Response provocation therapy
d. Exposure therapy with response prevention
Answer: d. Exposure therapy with response prevention
Difficulty: 2
Page: 206
treated.
110. Anxiety disorders ________

a. exist only in technologically advanced cultures.
b. probably exist in all societies, but take different forms in different cultures.
c. are especially prevalent in Japan, where strong pressures exist to compete and succeed.
d. involve different causal factors in different cultures.
Answer: b. probably exist in all societies, but take different forms in different cultures.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 216
Learning Objective: 6.8: Summarize some examples of cultural differences in sources of worry
282
111. Which one of the following symptoms is not associated with generalized anxiety in the Yoruba
culture of Nigeria?
a. Worry
b. Dreams
c. Bodily complaints
d. Panic attacks
Answer: d. Panic attacks.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 217
112. People suffering from koro ________

a. fear their vagina will fill up with mucus and become inert.
b. fear their penis will retract within the body, which then leads to their own death.
c. fear bees are living within their internal genitalia.
d. fear extraterrestrial beings are living within their bodies.
Answer: b. fear their penis will retract within the body, which then leads to their own death.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 217
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
113. The basic emotion that involves activation of the “fight-or-flight” response is __________.
Answer: fear
Difficulty: 1
Page: 174
114. The five anxiety disorders recognized by the DSM-5 are: specific phobia, social anxiety, panic
disorder, agoraphobia, and __________.
Answer: generalized anxiety disorder
Difficulty: 1
Page: 176
115. _____________ are persistent and strong fears triggered by specific objects or situations that are
unreasonable.
Answer: Specific phobias
Difficulty: 1
Page: 177
283
116. That humans have evolved to fear certain objects or situations because they pose real threats is
called __________ learning.
Answer: prepared
Difficulty: 1
Page: 180
117. One of the best behavioral treatments for specific phobias is __________ therapy.
Answer: exposure
Difficulty: 1
Page: 181
118. __________ are more likely to suffer from social phobia than _____________.
Answer: Women, men
Difficulty: 2
Page: 183
119. The __________ is the part of the brain that plays a central role in panic attacks.
Answer: amygdala
Difficulty: 2
Page: 192
120. The role of worry is now central to our understanding of __________.

Answer: generalized anxiety disorder
Difficulty: 1
Page: 197
121. Persistent and recurrent intrusive thoughts are___________, whereas overt repetitive behaviors that
are performed as lengthy rituals are____________.
Answer: obsessions, compulsions
Difficulty: 1
Page: 203
treated.
284
122. Koro is an acute fear that is likely to occur in places like ___________.
Answer: China
Difficulty: 1
Page: 217
Short-Answer Questions
123. What are the three components of fear?

Answer: Modern definitions of fear define fear as a basic emotion, characterized by physiological,
cognitive, and behavioral components. The sympathetic nervous system is activated by a fear-producing
stimulus, a feeling of fear is experienced, and there is some appropriate behavioral response, such as
running away.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 175
124. What differences in life experiences can lessen the likelihood that someone will develop a phobia?
Answer: Previous positive or nontraumatic experiences with the conditioned stimulus (e.g., if lots of good
experiences with dogs, less likely to develop a phobia after being bitten), observing a nonfearful other
approaching the situation or object, and having a feeling of control or ability to escape from a traumatic
event will lessen the likelihood.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
125. How do cognitions help maintain phobias?

Answer: Phobic people are constantly on the alert for their phobic object or situation, or for relevant
stimuli. Nonphobic people tend to focus their attention away from these things. Phobic people
overestimate the probability that the feared object will be followed by something bad, which may
strengthen the fear over time.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
126. Describe how a phobia could be learned through vicarious conditioning.

Answer: Phobias can be learned by watching another person who has a phobia. Watching that person
behave with fear around the feared object or situation can cause distress in the observer and lead to
learning of the phobia.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 180
285
127. Describe the purpose of exposure therapy for specific phobia.
Answer: To place people in the situation they fear for long enough that extinction occurs and their fear
subsides.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 181
128. What do the results of panic provocation agents tell us about panic disorder?
Answer: That no one neurobiological mechanism could explain the results, so there may be multiple
different biological causes of panic.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 192
129. How do “safety behaviors” contribute to the persistence of panic disorder?

Answer: Panic disorder often persists despite infrequent panic attacks and no occurrence of dire
consequences as a result of a panic attack. This may be explained by the use of “safety behaviors,”
behaviors that the individual engages in before or during an attack. When nothing catastrophic occurs, it
is attributed to the use of the safety behaviors, as opposed to the lack of any real danger.
Difficulty: 1
Page: 195
130. What role might a lack of safety signals play in the development and maintenance of generalized
anxiety disorder?
Answer: It is well-established that a lack of predictability and control creates stress. Safety signals are
environment cues that signal when it is appropriate to relax. For example, if you knew your boss was
always in a good mood on Friday, it might be safe to relax and not worry about a mistake you made. The
fact that it is Friday would serve as a safety signal. The rest of the week, however, you should feel
anxious about having made a mistake. When safety signals are present, it signals that one can relax. In the
absence of such signals, anxiety prevails, providing a possible explanation for generalized anxiety
disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 195
286
131. What is necessary for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder?
Answer: In order to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), an individual must exhibit
worry on the majority of days over at least a 6-month period. The worry must not be associated with
another disorder and it must be perceived as difficult to control. In addition to the experience of worry, at
least three of the following six symptoms must be present: (1) restlessness or edginess, (2) a feeling of
being easily tired, (3) problems concentrating, (4) irritability, (5) muscle tension, and (6) sleep
disturbance.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 197
132. What benefit do those with GAD derive from worrying?

Answer: Research has revealed that worrying does have a positive effect on those with GAD. While it
does not prevent catastrophe, when those with GAD worry, emotional and physiological responses to
negative stimuli are suppressed. In other words, the act of worrying about an event lessens the impact of
that event if and when it does occur.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 200
133. What are obsessions? Compulsions? Give an example of each.

Answer: Obsessions are persistent, recurrent, intrusive thoughts. Examples include contamination and
fear of harming self or others. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts the person feels driven
to perform in a ritualistic way. They are usually in response to an obsession and done to reduce anxiety.
Examples include washing and checking.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 203
treated.
Essay Questions
134. Discuss the difference between fear and anxiety.

Answer: Fear is a basic emotion that involves activation of the sympathetic nervous system, preparing the
body for action. Fear is a response to a threat that we are faced with; fear is a reaction to a stimulus that is
before us. Anxiety is not a basic emotion, but a combination of emotions and thoughts that are directed
toward some anticipated event. Thus, fear is a reaction to a stimulus and anxiety is a more cognitive
reaction to some dreaded event. Fear is a reaction to something in front of us, while anxiety is a dread of
some future event. GRADING RUBRIC: 9 points total, 3 for each definition and 3 for explaining how the
two differ.
Difficulty: 2
Page: 174
287
135. How do cognitive factors affect the onset and maintenance of social phobia? Explain and provide
three specific examples to illustrate your understanding.
Answer: Cognitive factors play a role in both the onset and maintenance of social phobia. It has been
suggested that those who develop social phobias may tend to expect that others will reject them or view
them negatively, setting the stage for a fear of any situation in which one will be evaluated. An
expectation that one will behave in a socially unacceptable fashion can also contribute to the development
of social phobia, as well as increase the chance that one’s behavior will be unacceptable. Thus, both
negative expectations of how one will be perceived and how one will act can contribute to social phobia.
These cognitive distortions may then maintain social phobia by increasing social awkwardness and a
belief in negative evaluations. There is also some evidence to suggest that perceptions of uncontrollability
and unpredictability, possibly resulting from social defeat, may also play a role in the development of
social phobia. GRADING RUBRIC: 6 points total, 2 for each of 3 cognitive factors identified.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 184
136. Compare the comprehensive learning theory and the cognitive theory of panic disorder.
Answer: The comprehensive learning theory suggests that initial panic attacks cause conditioning of
anxiety to internal and external cues. Anxiety then is created in the presence of these cues, leading to
more panic attacks. Because anxiety is conditioned to internal cues, panic attacks can seem to come out of
nowhere. The internal cues that resemble panic attacks can cause an attack, regardless of how the person
is actually feeling at the time. The cognitive theory suggests that people with panic disorder are highly
sensitive to body sensations and tend to catastrophize in response to unusual sensations. This causes a
vicious circle ending in a panic attack. The difference here is that it is the meaning people attribute to
their symptoms that cause the panic. It is not necessary for people to make any attributions in the learning
theory. So the learning theory is a better explanation for panic attacks that occur without any negative
thoughts, such as during sleep. GRADING RUBRIC: 10 points, 5 for each theory.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 193
137. Discuss the theory of evolutionary preparedness and how it may apply to specific phobia, social
phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Answer: Our evolutionary history has affected the stimuli we are most likely to fear. People and primates
seem genetically prepared to quickly associate certain objects with fear rather than other objects. While
there are many types of specific phobias, most involve animals and situations that were a threat to our
ancestors. Those primates and humans who had this rapid acquisition of fear were more likely to survive
and pass on their genes. The fear itself is not inherited, the tendency to make certain connections quickly
is. It was also advantageous to acquire fears of social stimuli that signaled danger—angry or
contemptuous faces. So social phobias may have an evolutionary basis. The most common obsession in
OCD— contamination and dirt—was also a threat to our ancestors and may have the same type of
preparedness component. GRADING RUBRIC: 10 points, 4 for explanation of preparedness, 2 for each
disorder.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 207
treated.
288
138. Discuss the findings of cross-cultural research on the anxiety disorders. Provide at least two
examples of disorders that illustrate the role of culture.
Answer: As with most disorders, cultural influences are seen in the anxiety disorders. While most
emotional responses are universal, the stimuli that elicit emotional reactions will vary and how emotions
are expressed varies. In the case of anxiety disorders, the prevalence of the different types of disorders
varies with culture. Differences in sources of anxiety are easily found. Nigerians, for example, are likely
to be concerned about fertility and maintaining a large family. In some Asian cultures, koro, a fear of the
penis shrinking and disappearing, may be seen. Both of these sources of anxiety are clearly related to the
value the culture places on procreating, a concern not seen in most Western societies. Social phobia takes
different forms across cultures, being characterized by a fear of embarrassing one’s self in some and a
fear of embarrassing others in some. Thus, the anxiety disorders are very much impacted by culture in
numerous ways. GRADING RUBRIC: 8 total, 4 for general discussion and 2 each for 2 specific
examples.
Difficulty: 3
Page: 217
TOTAL
Chapter 6
ASSESSMENT
Revel Multiple Choice Assessments
GUIDE
Topic Factual Conceptual Applied Analyze It
Learning Objective 6.1 EOM Q6.1.2 EOM Q6.1.1
EOM Q6.1.3
EOC Q6.1
Learning Objective 6.2 EOM Q6.2.1 EOC Q6.2
EOM Q6.2.2
EOM Q6.2.3
Learning Objective 6.3 EOM Q6.3.2 EOM Q6.3.4 EOM Q6.3.1
EOC Q6.4 EOM Q6.3.5 EOM Q6.3.3
EOC Q6.6 EOC Q6.5 EOC Q6.3
EOC Q6.7 EOM Q6.4.3
EOM Q6.5.4 EOM Q6.6.5.5
EOC Q6.8
EOC Q6.9
EOM Q6.6.5 EOM Q6.6.4
EOC Q6.11 EOC Q6.10
289
TOTAL
Chapter 6
ASSESSMENT
Revel Multiple Choice Assessments
GUIDE
Learning Objective 6.7 EOM Q6.7.2 EOM Q6.7.1 EOC Q6.12
EOC Q6.14 EOM Q6.7.3
EOM Q6.7.4
EOM Q6.7.5
EOC Q6.13
Learning Objective 6.8 EOM Q6.8.1
EOM Q6.8.2
EOM Q6.8.3
EOC Q6.15
Section 2 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions
End-of-Module Quiz
EOM Q6.1.1
What is the primary difference between a fear response and a panic attack?
a. Panic attacks are accompanied by cognitive symptoms that are not usually present during a fear
response.
b. Fear responses usually occur “out of the blue,” while panic attacks are a response to a specific,
identifiable trigger.
c. Fear responses are emotional and cognitive in nature, while panic attacks involve only physical
symptoms.
d. Panic attacks are usually very short in duration, averaging about 30 seconds, while fear responses
can last for hours.
Answer: a. Panic attacks are accompanied by cognitive symptoms that are not usually present during a
fear response.
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.1 Distinguish between fear and anxiety.
EOM Q6.1.2
Which response pattern is described as a complex blend of unpleasant emotions and cognitions that is
very diffuse and oriented to the future?
a. Anxiety
b. Fear
c. Dread
d. Trepidation
Answer: a. Anxiety
Difficulty: 1
290
EOM Q6.1.3
According to Sigmund Freud, _________ was the sign of an inner battle between some primitive desire
(from the id) and prohibitions against its expression (from the ego and the superego).
a. anxiety
b. stress
c. depression
d. psychosis
Answer: a. anxiety
Difficulty: 2
EOM Q6.2.1
Which type of anxiety disorder is marked by a persistent and disproportionate fear of a specific object or
situation that presents little or no actual danger?
a. Phobia
b. Generalized anxiety disorder
c. Panic disorder
d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Answer: a. Phobia
Difficulty: 1
Learning Objective: 6.2 Describe the essential features of anxiety disorders.
EOM Q6.2.2
Which of the following is no longer considered an anxiety disorder in DSM-5?
a. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
b. Social phobia
c. Panic disorder
Answer: a. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.2.3
Which of the following is considered the single most effective treatment for the various anxiety
disorders?
a. Treatment through graduated exposure to feared cues, objects, and situations.
b. Virtual reality therapy that assists in acclimating patients to feared stimuli.
c. Psychodynamic therapy aimed at understanding the unconscious forces that perpetuate the anxiety.
d. Aaron Beck’s treatment strategies for depression are highly effective in treating anxiety.
Answer: a. Treatment through graduated exposure to feared cues, objects, and situations.
Difficulty: 2
291
EOM Q6.3.1
Marita has a tremendous fear of baseball caps. She is not afraid of any other kind of hat, and in fact she
wears stylish hats on a regular basis. When she is near a person wearing a baseball cap, however, she gets
very upset and has to move away from him. She cannot explain why this fear exists, and recognizes it to
be irrational. Marita has had relationships end because of this fear in the past. What would be the best
diagnosis for Marita’s fear?
a. Specific phobia
b. Social anxiety disorder
c. Generalized anxiety disorder
d. Agoraphobia
Answer: a. Specific phobia
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.3 Explain the clinical features of specific and social phobias.
EOM Q6.3.2
According to DSM-5, the symptoms of a phobia typically last for a minimum of ________ month(s).
a. 6
b. 1
c. 3
d. 12
Answer: a. 6
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.3.3
Jonah has a crippling fear of thunderstorms. Even though he is 15 years old, thunder and lightning cause
him to retreat to his bedroom where he will hide under his bed covers until the storm ends. From which
subtype of specific phobia does Jonah suffer?
a. Natural environment
b. Animal
c. Situational
d. Blood-injection-injury
Answer: a. Natural environment
Difficulty: 2
292
EOM Q6.3.4
How would a psychodynamic theorist explain the emergence of a specific phobia?
a. Phobias are a defense against anxiety that stems from repressed id impulses.
b. Fixation at the anal or phallic stage of psychosexual development results in an aversion to a specific
stimulus.
c. Unconscious repressed conflicts centered around an attachment figure are breaking through to one’s
preconscious awareness.
d. Phobias are a reaction formation to an unacceptable desire to be close to or engage with the phobic
target object.
Answer: a. Phobias are a defense against anxiety that stems from repressed id impulses.
Difficulty: 2
EOM Q6.3.5
From an evolutionary perspective, phobias are a result of ________ learning, which suggests that humans
and other animals that rapidly learn to fear certain threatening objects or situations would have a selective
advantage over other members of the species.
a. prepared
b. instinctive
c. associative
d. innate
Answer: a. prepared
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.4.1
Anthony has a very embarrassing problem. He has a tremendous and irrational fear of using a public
restroom. No matter what his bathroom needs are, he is intensely afraid that he will embarrass or
humiliate himself when using a public facility. This has led to significant disturbances in his personal and
professional life. What might be the best diagnosis for Anthony’s particular problem?
a. Social phobia
b. Agoraphobia
c. Panic disorder
Answer: a. Social phobia
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.4 Discuss the clinical features of social phobia.
293
EOM Q6.4.2
The frequency with which those suffering from social anxiety disorder can recall a specific traumatic
experience as being at the root of their fear speaks to the importance of ________ in the development of
such a condition.
a. classical conditioning
b. operant conditioning
c. cognitive learning
d. observational learning
Answer: a. classical conditioning
Difficulty: 2
EOM Q6.4.3
From a(n) __________ perspective, people with social phobia would naturally fall toward the lower end
of socially-constructed dominance hierarchies.
a. evolutionary
b. neurological
c. existential
d. Gestalt
Answer: a. evolutionary
Difficulty: 2
EOM Q6.4.4
From a biological model of social phobia, __________ is the most important individual temperamental
variable.
a. behavioral inhibition
b. social activation
c. stranger anxiety
d. separation reluctance
Answer: a. behavioral inhibition
Difficulty: 2
294
EOM Q6.5.1
Although a typical panic attack may last for as long as an hour or more, it typically reaches its peak
intensity within ______ minutes.
a. 10
b. 5
c. 20
d. 30
Answer: a. 10
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.5 Describe the clinical features of panic disorder.
EOM Q6.5.2
Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the prevalence of panic disorder in women and
men?
a. Panic disorder is twice as prevalent in women as it is in men.
b. About three quarters of all people diagnosed with panic disorder are women.
c. Panic disorder is one of the few psychiatric illnesses that are seen more in men than in women.
d. Panic disorder is rarely diagnosed in men, but is the single most common psychiatric condition seen
in women.
Answer: a. Panic disorder is twice as prevalent in women as it is in men.
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.5.3
Vincent, who is 32 years old, has recently experienced a panic attack for the first time in his life. He is
worried that he will now develop a full-blown case of panic disorder. He should know that almost
__________ percent of adults have had a panic attack, but most do not go on to develop panic disorder.
a. 23
b. 10
c. 41
d. 66
Answer: a. 23
Difficulty: 2
295
EOM Q6.5.4
Which part of the brainstem has been implicated in the neurobiology of panic attacks?
a. Locus coeruleus
b. Reticular activating system
c. Hypothalamus
d. Amygdala
Answer: a. Locus coeruleus
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.5.5
What evidence exists that nocturnal panic attacks are not specifically related to threatening or scary
dreams?
a. They typically occur during stage 2 and early stage 3 sleep.
b. People waking from sleep with a panic attack can almost never remember what it is that they were
dreaming when they woke up.
c. Dream states cause an involuntary depression of the sympathetic nervous system, making it
impossible for a panic attack to occur.
d. The higher centers of the brain, where panic attacks originate, remain dormant and inactive during
the sleep stages involving dreams.
Answer: a. They typically occur during stage 2 and early stage 3 sleep.
Difficulty: 2
EOM Q6.6.1
Luca is continually worried, but he cannot quite explain what he is upset about. He feels that there is
always a reason to be anxious, and finds that his attempts to control this worry are unsuccessful. This has
been going on more days than not for over a year. Luca may be suffering from ________
a. generalized anxiety disorder.
b. a specific phobia.
c. social phobia.
d. panic disorder.
Answer: a. generalized anxiety disorder.
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.6 Explain the clinical aspects of generalized anxiety disorder.
296
EOM Q6.6.2
Research has found that generalized anxiety disorder disappears after the age of ______ for many people.
a. 50
b. 40
c. 60
d. 70
Answer: a. 50
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.6.3
People who experience a high amount of worry associated with generalized anxiety disorder sometimes
believe that such worry brings benefits. These benefits include all but which of the following?
a. Ability to fend off panic attacks and physical ailments
b. Superstitious avoidance of catastrophe
c. Avoidance of deeper emotional issues
d. Coping and preparation
Answer: a. Ability to fend off panic attacks and physical ailments
Difficulty: 2
EOM Q6.6.4
Dr. Mackelroy is seeing a client who suffers from the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. The
therapy has focused on helping this client try to control her worries and anxiety-producing thoughts. What
is a possible negative outcome of such an approach?
a. It may lead to a paradoxical increase in intrusive thoughts and an enhanced perception of the client’s
inability to control them.
b. The psychological energy needed to control these thoughts may rob from other important
psychological functions, increasing the chance of developing a secondary diagnosis.
c. Research finds that when such attempts are unsuccessful, the client develops an increased risk for a
major depressive episode.
d. For reasons not well-understood, attempts to increase one’s control of worry and negative thoughts
are associated with an increase in somatic symptoms.
Answer: a. It may lead to a paradoxical increase in intrusive thoughts and an enhanced perception of the
client’s inability to control them.
Difficulty: 2
297
EOM Q6.6.5
A functional deficiency in which neurotransmitter has been found to be associated with the symptoms of
generalized anxiety disorder?
a. GABA
b. Dopamine
c. Serotonin
d. Glutamate
Answer: a. GABA
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.7.1
Although temporary, completing a compulsive act or series of acts usually brings on _________ for the
patient.
a. reduced tension, satisfaction, and an increased sense of control
b. feelings of euphoria and well-being
c. shame and self-doubt
d. a state of dissociation
Answer: a. reduced tension, satisfaction, and an increased sense of control
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.7 Describe the clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder and how it is
treated.
EOM Q6.7.2
__________ are persistent and recurrent intrusive thoughts that are experienced as disturbing,
inappropriate, and uncontrollable. __________, on the other hand, involve repetitive behavior or mental
rituals that a person feels driven to perform.
a. Obsessions; Compulsions
b. Kinetics; Ruminations
c. Ruminations; Kinetics
d. Compulsions; Obsessions
Answer: a. Obsessions; Compulsions
Difficulty: 1
treated.
298
EOM Q6.7.3
Childhood or early adolescent onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder is more common in _________ and
is often associated with greater severity.
a. boys than in girls
b. only children than in kids with siblings
c. middle children than in oldest or youngest siblings
d. girls than in boys
Answer: a. boys than in girls
Difficulty: 2
treated.
EOM Q6.7.4
Neurological research into physical causes of obsessive-compulsive disorder has found that abnormalities
occur in the basal ganglia of those with the condition. Why would this be related to OCD?
a. The basal ganglia are linked at the amygdala to the limbic system, which controls emotional
behaviors.
b. Heightened activity of the basal ganglia results in a greater amount of synaptic pruning. This, in
turn, heightens the incidence of obsessive thoughts.
c. The basal ganglia are directly involved in regulating the way the two cerebral hemispheres
communicate across the corpus callosum.
d. When the basal ganglia are underaroused, the most primitive parts of the brain—the brainstem—
increase their activity to compensate.
Answer: a. The basal ganglia are linked at the amygdala to the limbic system, which controls emotional
behaviors.
Difficulty: 2
treated.
EOM Q6.7.5
What is the most effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder?
a. Exposure and response prevention
b. Habituation training
c. Prescription benzodiazepines
d. Antidepressant medications
Answer: a. Exposure and response prevention
Difficulty: 2
treated.
299
OM Q6.8.1
Which culture-specific disorder features many of the symptoms of a panic attack, but also includes
episodes of bursting into tears, anger, and uncontrollable shouting?
a. ataque de nervios
b. koro
c. taijin kyofusho
d. susto
Answer: a. ataque de nervios
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.8 Summarize some examples of cultural differences in sources of worry.
EOM Q6.8.2
According to WHO’s World Mental Health Survey Consortium, with the exception of __________,
anxiety disorders are the most frequently reported psychological disorder in nations around the world.
a. Ukraine
b. China
c. India
d. Latvia
Answer: a. Ukraine
Difficulty: 1
EOM Q6.8.3
Which of the following psychological disorders often occurs in people who have taijin kyofusho?
a. Body dysmorphic disorder
b. Panic disorder
c. Anorexia nervosa
d. Post-traumatic stress disorder
Answer: a. Body dysmorphic disorder
Difficulty: 1
300
End-of-Chapter Quiz
EOC Q6.1
Which of the following anxiety response components involves general avoidance of an upsetting
stimulus?
a. Behavioral
b. Cognitive
c. Physiological
d. Subjective
Answer: a. Behavioral
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.1: Distinguish between fear and anxiety.
EOC Q6.2
Which of the following is considered to be an anxiety disorder in DSM-5?
a. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
b. Agoraphobia
c. Bipolar disorder
d. Schizophrenia
Answer: b. agoraphobia
Difficulty: 1
EOC Q6.3
Gjabolla has been suffering from a terrible fear of lightning for some time now. Whenever there are
storms in the weather forecast, she gets very upset and plans on spending the duration of that time in her
basement. She has even called in sick to work to avoid going out during a bad thunderstorm. How long
would these symptoms have to persist before a diagnosis of a specific phobia could be made?
a. 6 months
b. 2 weeks
c. 1 month
d. 3 months
Answer: a. 6 months
Difficulty: 2
301
EOC Q6.4
__________ conditioning can be used to explain that the development of a phobia is transmitted when
one person observes another person behaving in a phobic manner and then adopts that same fear of the
stimulus.
a. Vicarious
b. Classical
c. Dispositional
d. Operant
Answer: a. Vicarious
Difficulty: 1
EOC Q6.5
What has research repeatedly found to be the best way of treating a specific phobia?
a. Exposure therapy
b. Pharmacotherapy
c. Gestalt therapy
d. Psychoanalysis
Answer: a. Exposure therapy
Difficulty: 2
EOC Q6.6
Although the use of medications for the treatment of phobias has not been very effective, recent research
has found that the drug __________ may be helpful when used in conjunction with virtual reality
exposure therapy.
a. d-cycloserine
b. b-pyruvate
c. g-doxicillin
d. p-botchulate
Answer: a. d-cycloserine
Difficulty: 1
EOC Q6.7
Exposure to which two factors seems to play an important role in the development of social phobia?
a. Uncontrollability and unpredictability
b. Conflict and frustration
c. Aggression and assertion
d. Depression and mania
Answer: a. Uncontrollability and unpredictability
Difficulty: 1
Learning Objective: 6.4: Discuss the clinical features of social phobia.
302
EOC Q6.8
Although it does not always occur, _________ is a frequent complication of panic disorder.
a. agoraphobia
b. social anxiety disorder
c. hoarding disorder
d. generalized anxiety disorder
Answer: a.
Difficulty: 1
EOC Q6.9
Although some panic attacks come out of the blue with no precipitating event, research finds that as many
as ________ percent of first panic attacks occur after one or more negative life events.
a. 80–90
b. 60–70
c. 40–50
d. 20–30
Answer: a. 80-90
Difficulty: 1
EOC Q6.10
Ruth is 72 years of age and is visiting the office of a psychotherapist to deal with some recent problems
related to anxiety. Given the rates of anxiety disorders in older adults, which of the following is she most
likely to be dealing with?
a. Generalized anxiety disorder
b. Social phobia
c. Panic disorder
d. Agoraphobia
Answer: a. Generalized anxiety disorder
Difficulty: 2
303
EOC Q6.11
The effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) on generalized anxiety disorder seem to be
influenced by CRH’s influence on a part of the brain called the __________, which has an important
influence on one’s ability to mediate generalized anxiety.
a. bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
b. lateral geniculate nucleus of the limbic system
c. anterior fissure of the putamen
d. bilateral corpus callosal junction
Answer: a. bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
Difficulty: 1
EOC Q6.12
Jennifer has a very unusual problem. She feels compelled to pull out her own hair, both the hair on her
head as well as hair in different parts of her body. This has led to embarrassing bald spots, skin irritations,
and occasional bleeding in the past. Jennifer is now in treatment for ____________.
a. trichotillomania
b. excoriation disorder
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. body dysmorphic disorder
Answer: a. trichotillomania
Difficulty: 2
Learning Objective: 6.7: Describe the clinical features of obsessive-compulsive disorder and how it is
treated.
EOC Q6.13
Which psychological condition has been brought into public awareness in recent years as a result of
several television series that highlight the disorder?
a. Hoarding disorder
b. Excoriation disorder
c. Agoraphobia
d. Panic disorder
Answer: a. Hoarding disorder
Difficulty: 2
treated.
304
Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by Hooley
EOC Q6.14
Which of the following body parts is the most frequent target of concern for people with body
dysmorphic disorder?
a. Skin
b. Breasts/chest/nipples
c. Stomach
d. Nose
Answer: a. Skin
Difficulty: 1
treated.
EOC Q6.15
In a rather large study of over 60,000 people across 14 different countries, anxiety disorders were found
to be the most common category of psychiatric conditions in all but one country. Which one was it?
a. Ukraine
b. Japan
c. Norway
d. Iceland
Answer: a. Ukraine
Difficulty: 1
Learning Objective: 6.8: Summarize some examples of cultural differences in sources of worry.
305
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Test Bank For Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by Hooley

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank For Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by Hooley

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by Hooley

Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition by

To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Panic, Anxiety, Obsessions, and Their Disorders

Section 1 Test Item File ......................................................................................................................... 254

Section 2 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions ...................................................................... 290

Section 1 Test Item File

1. Neurotic behavior is ________

3. Fear is a basic emotion that involves ________

6. Which of the following is a typical symptom of panic attacks?

10. Gradual exposure to feared cues is ________

11. Individuals who suffer from phobias ________

25. Evolutionary preparedness explains ________

26. What has research on the preparedness theory of phobias found?

34. Social phobia ________

35. Most individuals diagnosed with social phobia ________

38. Individuals with social phobia are likely to ________

39. Cognitive approaches to social phobia focus on ________

41. Which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of panic disorder?

43. Compared to anxiety, panic is ________

45. Agoraphobia is best described as a fear of ________

49. Panic disorder is best described as a(n) ________ condition.

54. Most first panic attacks ________

55. Research using panic provocation procedures has revealed ________

63. The cognitive model does not account for ________

81. Which of the following is a disadvantage of treating GAD with a benzodiazepine?

88. Which of the following is necessary for a diagnosis of OCD?

91. Which of the following is true of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

95. What do all of the compulsions seen in OCD have in common?

101. Thought-action fusion is ________

105. Body dysmorphic disorder in DSM-IV used to be classified as a(n) ________

106. Body dysmorphic disorder is ________

108. Compulsive hair pulling is also referred to as ________

110. Anxiety disorders ________

112. People suffering from koro ________

120. The role of worry is now central to our understanding of __________.

123. What are the three components of fear?

125. How do cognitions help maintain phobias?

126. Describe how a phobia could be learned through vicarious conditioning.

129. How do “safety behaviors” contribute to the persistence of panic disorder?

132. What benefit do those with GAD derive from worrying?

133. What are obsessions? Compulsions? Give an example of each.

134. Discuss the difference between fear and anxiety.

Section 2 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

You might also like