Name: Muhammad Sharjeel Chawla CMS: 348391 Class: ME-12C

MECHANISM AND VIBRATION LAB

LAB REPORT 2
Verification of Chain Drive Speed Ratio and Output Load
Measurement
OBJECTIVES
I.
1. To verify the speed ratio of a chain drive using the formula:
𝑵𝟐/𝑵𝟏 = 𝑫𝟏/𝑫𝟐
2. To measure the output loads at varying input loads for the chain drive.
II. INTRODUCTION
Chain drives are fundamental components in mechanical systems, widely employed for transmitting
power and motion from one point to another. They consist of interconnected sprockets and a roller chain,
offering an efficient means of power transmission. Understanding the behavior of a chain drive is essential
for engineers and designers to ensure the optimal operation of machinery. In this experiment, we delve
into the verification of the speed ratio of a chain drive and the measurement of output loads under varying
input conditions.
Speed Ratio in Chain Drives:
The speed ratio in a chain drive is a critical parameter that defines the relationship between the rotational
speeds of the driving and driven sprockets. It can be expressed by the following formula:
𝑵𝟐/𝑵𝟏 = 𝑫𝟏/𝑫𝟐
Where,
• N1 and N2 are the number of turns of the driving and driven sprockets, respectively.
• D1 and D2 are the number of cogs (teeth) on the driving and driven sprockets.
This formula demonstrates that the speed ratio is determined by the ratio of the sprocket sizes. The speed
ratio indicates how much faster or slower the driven sprocket will rotate compared to the driving
sprocket. It is a crucial factor in designing systems where specific speed relationships are required for the
proper functioning of machinery.
Maintains Consistent Speed and High Efficiency:
One big advantage of a chain drive compared to a belt drive is that it always keeps a steady speed
relationship between the parts it connects. This is because it doesn't slip or slide like belts can. This feature
is really important in things like car engines where precise timing is crucial.
Because it doesn't slip, it's very efficient at transferring power. In fact, most of the power stays in the
system, and the only power lost is due to the rubbing and friction between the chain and the sprockets
it's wrapped around. So, it's a really efficient way to move power from one place to another.
 III. APPARATUS
• Chain drive unit fitted on base plate.
• 2 nuts
• 2 hooks
• 1 set of masses
• 2 cords
• 2 pulleys
PROCEDURE
IV.
The experimental procedure involved conducting trials for both open and cross belt drives. The
following steps were undertaken:

Verifying Speed Ratio:

• Step 1: First, count the number of teeth on both sprockets. These are the pointy parts that stick out
on the gears.
• Step 2: Mark a clear starting point on both pulleys (the round parts connected to the sprockets).
This helps you keep track of their movement.
• Step 3: Turn the pulley connected to the bigger sprocket all the way around once. Pay attention to
the number of times it turns and the direction it moves in.

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• Step 4: While you do this, watch the pulley connected to the smaller sprocket. Notice how many
times it turns and in which direction it goes.

Measuring Output Load for Different Input Loads:

• Step 1: Attach some hangers to the pulleys using strings. You'll use these to hang weights on the
pulleys.
• Step 2: Start by hanging a 100g weight (which is the same as 1 Newton or 1N) on the pulley
connected to the larger sprocket.
• Step 3: Now, hang weights on the pulley connected to the smaller sprocket until it starts to move.
Pay attention to when it begins to move because of the added weight.
• Step 4: The weight that you hang on the larger sprocket (1N) is what we call the output load. The
weight on the smaller sprocket is the input weight.
• Step 5: Repeat the same process with 2N and 3N weights, hanging them on the larger sprocket first
and adding weight to the smaller one until it starts moving.
V. EXPERMIENTAL OBSERVATION
Verification of Speed Ratio

Large Sprocket Small Sprocket

Number of cogs 36 12
Number of turns 1 3

The calculations are as follows:

Measurement of output load for different input loads

Sr. No. Output Load (N) Input Load (N)

1 1 0.8
2 2 1.3
3 3 1.6

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

VI.
Based on the experimental results, we can confidently conclude that:
1. For the verification of the speed ratio, the experiment involved two sprockets, a larger one with 36
cogs and a smaller one with 12 cogs.
i. The larger sprocket completed one full turn (1 revolution).
ii. Simultaneously, the smaller sprocket completed three full turns (3 revolutions).

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2. As the input load (hanging weight on the larger sprocket) increases, the output load (hanging
weight on the smaller sprocket) also increases. This behavior demonstrates that the chain drive can
transfer higher loads when subjected to greater input forces.

The successful verification of the speed ratio using the formula confirms that the chain drive in this
experiment maintains a consistent speed relationship between the driving and driven sprockets, as
expected. This is a critical feature in many mechanical applications, particularly in systems where
precise timing and speed control are required.

The measurement of output loads under varying input loads provides valuable insights into the
performance of the chain drive. As observed, the chain drive efficiently transfers power, with the
output load increasing linearly with the input load. This linear relationship demonstrates the reliability
and predictable behavior of the chain drive when subjected to different levels of force.
VII. CONCLUSION
From this lab, we conclude that:

• Speed Ratio Verification: We confirmed that the chain drive effectively maintains a consistent
speed ratio between the driving and driven sprockets, as predicted by the theoretical calculations.
This reliability is crucial for precise timing and control in various mechanical applications.

• Output Load Measurement: By observing the chain drive's response to varying input loads, we
gained insights into its power transmission capabilities and efficiency. The experiment revealed that
as the output load increases, the system becomes more efficient in transferring power.

• Practical Implications: The results emphasize the importance of considering factors like friction and
mechanical losses in real-world applications. Understanding these deviations in load ratios due to
factors like friction is vital for designing systems that operate efficiently.