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CHAPTER 7
GENE EXPRESSION AND CONTROL

Multiple-Choice Questions M 6. Ricin would affect a human cell by

a. inactivating synthesis of carbohydrates.
IMPACT, ISSUES: RICIN AND YOUR b. inhibiting hydrolysis of carbohydrates.
RIBOSOMES c. preventing protein synthesis.
d. interfering with hydrolysis of lipids.
M 1. Which of the following describes the nature of
e. overactivating nucleic acid metabolism.
ricin?
Answer: c
a. polypeptide Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
b. amino acid
c. polysaccharide D 7. Ricin is internationally considered as a
d. monosaccharide weapon. Its use is now banned in most
e. lipid countries according to the __________.
Answer: a a. Libreville protocol.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge b. Paris protocol.
c. Kyoto protocol.
E 2. Which of the following statements is (are)
d. Geneva protocol.
CORRECT about ricin?
e. Camp David protocol.
a. Ricin is a naturally occurring toxic protein.
Answer: d
b. Botulinum and tetanus toxins are the only Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
molecules that are more toxic than ricin.
c. Ricin does not have an antidote. E 8. Which of the following are inactivated by
d. Ricin is obtained from the castor-oil plant. ricin?
e. All of these are correct. a. proteins
Answer: e b. ribosomes
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge c. DNA
d. RNA
D 3. In which of the following regions would a
e. sugars
castor-oil plant grow successfully?
Answer: b
a. Connecticut Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
b. Hawaii
c. Alaska M 9. Ricin is made up of
d. New York a. two polysaccharide chains.
e. Norway b. three polysaccharide chains.
Answer: b c. a single polypeptide chain.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Analysis d. two polypeptide chains.
e. three polypeptide chains.
E 4. Which of the following items are likely to
Answer: d
contain castor oil? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
a. cosmetics
b. plastics D 10. Which of the following particles is targeted by
c. polishes ricin?
d. paints a. mitochondria
e. all of these b. DNA polymerase
Answer: e c. RNA polymerase
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge d. the small ribosomal subunit
e. the large ribosomal subunit
M 5. Which of the following items are NOT likely to
Answer: e
contain castor oil? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
a. cosmetics
b. plastics
c. steel
d. paints
e. none of these
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Gene Expression and Control 65

 M 17. Which of the following letters is NOT found in RNA
M 11. Derivative forms of ricin are being developed
molecules?
in order to treat
a. U
a. some kinds of cancer.
b. A
b. some kinds of diabetes.
c. T
c. some kinds of obesity.
d. C
d. some kinds of infectious disease.
e. G
e. all of these.
Answer: c
Answer: a
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
D 18. Which of the following statements are true of
THE NATURE OF GENETIC INFORMATION RNA molecules?
a. RNA are single-stranded molecules.
E 12. Which of the following items could DNA be
b. They contain uracil in place of guanine.
compared to?
c. The cell contains different kinds of RNA
a. a ship
molecules.
b. a subway
d. RNA are single-stranded molecules that
c. an encyclopedia
are found in different kinds in the cell.
d. a caterpillar
e. All of these are true.
e. an experimental protocol
Answer: d
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Application
M 19. Which of the following sugars is found in
E 13. Which of the following letters is NOT found in
RNA?
DNA molecules?
a. deoxyribose
a. U
b. ribose
b. A
c. deoxyxylulose
c. T
d. xylose
d. C
e. ribulose
e. G
Answer: b
Answer: a
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
M 20. The type of RNA that carries protein-building
M 14. DNA molecules contain sequences called
information is called
a. genotypes.
a. ribosomal RNA.
b. genomes.
b. transfer RNA.
c. divisions.
c. messenger RNA.
d. genes.
d. carrier RNA.
e. sections.
Answer: d e. transporter RNA.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
E 15. Which of the following encodes a specific
M 21. The messenger RNA is converted into
RNA or a protein?
polypeptide sequences during the process of
a. genotype
a. replication.
b. genome
b. transcription.
c. division
c. duplication.
d. gene
d. translation.
e. section
Answer: d e. any of these.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension Answer: d
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
M 16. Which of the following processes is
responsible for the conversion of DNA
information into RNA?
a. replication
b. transcription
c. duplication
d. translation
e. any of these
Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension

66 Chapter Seven
E 22. Which of the following processes is (are) part E 27. All the different kinds of RNA are transcribed
of gene expression? in the
I. replication a. mitochondria.
II. transcription b. cytoplasm.
III. translation c. ribosomes.
a. I and II d. nucleus.
b. I and III e. endoplasmic reticulum.
c. II and III Answer: d
d. I, II, and III Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
e. III only M 28. Transcription
Answer: c a. occurs on the surface of the ribosome.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
b. is the final process in the assembly of
E 23. The process by which the genetic information protein.
is converted to an RNA or protein product is c. occurs during the synthesis of any type of
called RNA from a DNA template.
a. gene expression. d. is catalyzed by DNA polymerase.
b. genomic expression. e. is true of all of these.
c. gene transcription. Answer: c
d. genomic transcription. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
e. gene translation. M 29. Transcription
Answer: a a. involves both strands of DNA as
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
templates.
E 24. __________ assemble lipids, carbohydrates, b. uses the enzyme DNA polymerase.
and replicate DNA. c. results in a double-stranded end product.
a. Saccharides d. produces three different types of RNA
b. Amino acids molecules.
c. Nucleotides e. is true of all of these.
d. Enzymes Answer: d
e. Messenger RNAs Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Answer: d M 30. Transcription starts at a region of DNA called
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
a(n)
a. sequencer.
TRANSCRIPTION: DNA TO RNA
b. promoter.
E 25. __________ molecules carry protein-assembly c. activator.
instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. d. terminator.
a. temple DNA e. transcriber.
b. messenger RNA Answer: b
c. transfer RNA Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
d. ribosomal RNA E 31. Which of the following adds RNA nucleotides,
e. all of these one at a time, during transcription?
Answer: b a. RNA polymerase
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
b. DNA polymerase
D 26. The changing of a business letter from c. endonuclease
shorthand to typewritten copy is analogous to d. transfer RNA
a. protein synthesis. e. all of these
b. translation of mRNA. Answer: a
c. transcription of DNA. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
d. deciphering the genetic code.
e. replication of DNA.
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Analysis

Gene Expression and Control 67

 M 38. During transcription,
M 32. In transcription,
a. several amino acids are assembled by the
a. several RNA molecules are made from the
messenger RNA molecule at one time.
same DNA molecule.
b. a special sequence called a promoter is
b. promoters are needed so the enzyme can
necessary for transcription to begin.
bind to DNA.
c. certain polypeptide sequences are
c. DNA produces messenger RNA.
governed by one ribosome whereas other
d. a specific enzyme called DNA polymerase
sequences are produced by other
is required.
ribosomes.
e. all of these are true.
d. the transfer RNA molecules arrange the
Answer: e
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension messenger RNA codons into the
appropriate sequence.
E 33. During the transcription process, uracil will e. none of these occur.
pair with Answer: b
a. ribose. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
b. adenine.
D 39. If an mRNA carries CUCGAU as a sequence,
c. guanine.
what would be the sequence of the non-coding
d. cytosine.
strand of DNA?
e. thymine.
a. CTCGAT
Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge b. GUGCUA
c. GTGCAT
M 34. The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a d. GAGCTA
DNA template strand is e. none of these
a. replication. Answer: d
b. translation. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
c. transcription.
D 40. If an mRNA carries CUCGAU as a sequence,
d. DNA synthesis.
what would be the sequence of the coding
e. metabolism.
strand of DNA?
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension a. CTCGAT
b. GUGCUA
E 35. The relationship between strands of RNA and c. GTGCAT
DNA is d. GAGCTA
a. antagonistic. e. none of these
b. opposite. Answer: a
c. complementary. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
d. an exact duplicate.
e. unrelated. Examine the following figure and answer questions 41-44.
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
M 36. If the DNA coding sequence were ATG-CGT,
the mRNA codons would be
a. AUG-CGU.
b. ATG-CGT.
c. UAC-GCA.
d. UAG-CGU.
e. none of these.
Answer: a
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application
E 41. In this representation of transcription, strand #
D 37. Which of the following could NOT be an RNA
__________ is __________ because it
transcript?
__________.
a. AUGCGU
a. 2; RNA; is single-stranded
b. ATGCGT
b. 3; RNA; contains uracil
c. UACGCA
c. 2; RNA; contains thymine
d. UAGCGU
d. 2; RNA; has no uracil
e. GCGUUU
Answer: b e. 3; DNA; contains adenine
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

68 Chapter Seven
E 42. The start codon of RNA is E 48. There are how many different kinds of amino
a. TAC. acids in proteins?
b. ATA. a. 3
c. UAU. b. 6
d. GUG. c. 12
e. AUG. d. 20
Answer: e e. 28
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application Answer: d
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
M 43. Strand # 2 represents
a. the coding DNA strand. M 49. There are how many different kinds of RNA
b. the transcript. codons?
c. the non-coding DNA strand. a. 3
d. the transferred strand. b. 12
e. any of these. c. 28
Answer: c d. 64
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Application e. 120
M 44. Strand # 1 represents Answer: d
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
a. the coding DNA strand.
b. the transcript. E 50. There are how many different kinds of RNA
c. the non-coding DNA strand. nucleotides?
d. the transferred strand. a. 3
e. any of these. b. 4
Answer: b c. 5
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Application d. 6
e. 12
RNA PLAYERS IN TRANSLATION Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
D 45. The genetic code
a. is universal for all organisms. E 51. The concept that a set of three nucleotides
b. is based upon 64 codons made of specifies a particular amino acid provides the
sequences of three nucleotides. basis for
c. also comes equipped with stop codons. a. the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis.
d. is redundant; that is, most amino acids b. the one gene, one polypeptide hypothesis.
have more than one codon. c. the genetic code.
e. is true of all of these. d. biochemical reactions among nucleic
Answer: e acids.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: e. all of these.
Knowledge/Comprehension/Evaluation Answer: c
E 46. The genetic code is made up of units consisting Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
of how many nucleotides? M 52. Of all the different codons that exist, three of
a. 2 them
b. 3 a. are involved in mutations.
c. 5 b. do not specify a particular amino acid.
d. 6 c. cannot be copied.
e. 16 d. provide punctuations or instructions such
Answer: b as “stop.”
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge e. do not specify a particular amino acid and
D 47. If the codon consisted of only 2 nucleotides signal instructions such as “stop.”
there would be how many possible codons? Answer: e
a. 4 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension
b. 8
c. 16
d. 32
e. 64
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Analysis

Gene Expression and Control 69

 D 59. Which of the following molecules are NOT
E 53. Each “word” in the mRNA language consists
found in ribosomes?
of how many letters?
a. sugars
a. 3
b. nucleotides
b. 4
c. amino acids
c. 5
d. lipids
d. more than 5
e. nitrogenous bases
e. none of these
Answer: d
Answer: a
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis/Evaluation
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
M 60. A ribosome contains
D 54. If each nucleotide codes for a single amino
a. RNA.
acid, how many different types of amino acids
b. DNA.
could be combined to form proteins?
c. proteins.
a. 4
d. RNA and proteins.
b. 16
e. DNA and proteins.
c. 20
Answer: d
d. 64
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
e. none of these
Answer: a D 61. Which of the following molecules are
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Analysis/Evaluation components of a ribosome and have enzymatic
activity (in the ribosome)?
M 55. Which of the following carries amino acids to
a. rRNA
ribosomes?
b. protein
a. mRNA
c. DNA
b. tRNA
d. fats
c. hnRNA
e. steroids
d. rRNA
Answer: a
e. all of these
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension/Analysis
Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
TRANSLATING THE CODE: RNA TO
M 56. The transfer RNA differs from other types of PROTEIN
RNA because it
D 62. Which of the following statements is
a. transfers genetic information from cell
INCORRECT?
nucleus to cytoplasm.
a. In chain elongation, amino acids are added
b. specifies the amino acid sequence of a
to the chain according to the sequence in
particular protein.
the messenger RNA.
c. carries an amino acid at one end.
b. The messenger RNA molecule is
d. contains codons.
stationary, and a series of ribosomes called
e. does none of these.
Answer: c polysomes travel along the molecule,
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge manufacturing a series of polypeptides at
the same time.
E 57. Eukaryotic ribosomes function as c. The shape of transfer RNA molecules is
a. a single unit. uniform and is maintained by hydrogen
b. two-part units. bonds.
c. three-part units. d. Enzymes found in the ribosomes catalyze
d. four-part units. the formation of the bonds in the new
e. a multidivisional unit. polypeptide.
Answer: b e. Polypeptide assembly is reversible.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Answer: e
D 58. In most species, all mRNA transcripts begin Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Analysis
with
a. methionine.
b. a ribosome.
c. AUG.
d. the P site.
e. an anticodon.
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension

70 Chapter Seven
M 63. A polysome is E 68. During elongation, ribosomes catalyze
a. one of the units of a ribosome. formation of __________ between the amino
b. the nuclear organelle that synthesizes acid and the growing polypeptide.
RNA. a. a hydrogen bond
c. an organelle that functions similarly to a b. a peptide bond
ribosome during meiosis. c. a polar covalent bond
d. the two units of a ribosome considered d. a non-polar covalent bond
together. e. a sulfur bond
e. an mRNA molecule with several Answer: b
ribosomes attached. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Answer: e E 69. In prokaryotes, translation takes place in the
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
a. cytoplasm.
E 64. In plant cells, energy necessary for translation b. nucleus.
is mainly provided by c. periplasm.
a. ATP. d. endoplasm.
b. GTP. e. stroma.
c. CTP. Answer: a
d. UTP. Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
e. light. M 70. In a prokaryotic cell,
Answer: b a. transcription and translation may occur
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
simultaneously.
E 65. In which of the following regions of an animal b. transcription occurs in the nucleus while
cell would translation occur? translation takes place in the cytoplasm.
I. nucleus c. translation occurs in the nucleus while
II. cytoplasm transcription takes place in the cytoplasm.
III. lysosome d. RNA polymerase catalyzes protein
a. I and II synthesis.
b. II and III e. ribosomes interact with the endoplasmic
c. I only reticulum first before initiating translation.
d. II only Answer: a
e. III only Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
Answer: d
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge MUTATED GENES AND THEIR PRODUCTS
M 66. Initiation of translation starts when M 71. A gene mutation
__________ binds to an mRNA. a. is a change in the nucleotide sequence of
a. a large ribosomal subunit DNA.
b. a ribosome b. may be caused by environmental agents.
c. a small ribosomal subunit c. may arise spontaneously.
d. RNA polymerase d. can occur in any organism.
e. DNA polymerase e. is true of all of these.
Answer: c Answer: e
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
E 67. In translation during the stage of elongation, M 72. Which event may occur in all viruses,
a. saccharides are added one after another. prokaryotes, and eukaryotes?
b. nucleotides are added one after another. a. duplication
c. the DNA polymerase moves along the b. aneuploidy
mRNA. c. translocation
d. the RNA polymerase moves along the d. mutation
mRNA. e. all of these may occur
e. the ribosome moves along the mRNA. Answer: d
Answer: e Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis/Evaluation
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

Gene Expression and Control 71

E 73. Mutations can be D 78. The difference between normal and sickle-cell
a. random. hemoglobin is based upon
b. beneficial. a. the number of amino acids in the molecule.
c. lethal. b. the substitution of one amino acid for
d. heritable. another.
e. all of the these. c. the number and orientation of the amino
Answer: e acid chain attached to the heme portion of
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge the molecule.
D 74. Which of the following mutations always d. the number of oxygen molecules that can
lead(s) to a shift of the mRNA’s reading be carried.
frame? e. the types of bone marrow that produce it.
a. deletion and insertion Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
b. deletion and substitution
c. insertion and substitution M 79. In mutation,
d. substitution a. the new codon may specify a different
e. insertion amino acid but may not change the
Answer: a function of the new protein produced.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension/Analysis b. the new codon may specify the same
M 75. The insertion of how many nucleotides into a amino acid as the old codon.
genetic sequence does less damage to the code c. the new codon and resulting amino acid
than the insertion of other numbers of may destroy the function of the protein
nucleotides? specified.
a. 1 d. the new codon may have no serious effect.
b. 2 e. all of these may occur.
c. 3 Answer: e
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
d. 4
e. 5 E 80. Insertion mutations can be caused by which of
Answer: c the following?
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Analysis/Evaluation a. transposable elements
M 76. Frameshift mutations may involve b. transcription elements
a. substitution of nucleotides. c. transduction elements
b. substitution of codons. d. translation elements
c. substitution of amino acids. e. any of these
d. insertion or deletion of one to several base Answer: a
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
pairs.
e. all of these. D 81. Transposable elements
Answer: d a. are segments of viral DNA that can insert
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge anywhere in a chromosome.
M 77. Sickle-cell anemia has been traced to what type b. are segments of RNA that can insert by
of mutation? bacteria anywhere in a chromosome.
a. frameshift c. are segments of DNA that can insert
b. base-pair substitution themselves anywhere in a chromosome.
c. mutagenic d. are segments of RNA that can insert
d. transposable element themselves anywhere in a chromosome.
e. viral e. are segments of DNA that can insert by
Answer: b bacteria anywhere in a chromosome.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Analysis
M 82. Mutations may be caused by
a. DNA polymerase during replication.
b. transposable elements.
c. UV light and X-ray radiations.
d. some natural chemicals.
e. all of these.
Answer: e
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge

72 Chapter Seven
M 83. Which of the following may be caused by
M 88. Which of the following terms refers to the
exposure to UV light?
process by which cells with identical genotypes
a. substitution
become structurally and functionally distinct
b. deletion
from one another?
c. insertion
a. metamorphosis
d. development of covalent bonds between
b. metastasis
two adjacent thymine bases
c. cleavage
e. none of these
d. differentiation
Answer: d
e. induction
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Answer: d
D 84. Which of the following would NOT be the Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
cause of mutations in DNA sequences?
M 89. Homeotic genes are, in general, in control of
a. RNA polymerase
a. X chromosome inactivation.
b. DNA polymerase
b. formation of organs and tissues.
c. transposable elements
c. hormone synthesis.
d. UV light
d. dosage compensation.
e. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase
e. all of these.
Answer: a
Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Synthesis
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
EXAMPLES OF EUKARYOTIC GENE M 90. In mammals, X chromosome inactivation
CONTROLS results in
a. a total shut down of both female X
M 85. In multicellular organisms, specialization in
chromosomes.
structure and function of cells is caused by
b. only the shut down of the X chromosome
a. mutations in the cell’s DNA.
derived from the father.
b. the temperature of the body.
c. only the shut down of the X chromosome
c. a differential expression of genes.
derived from the mother.
d. the metabolism of carbohydrate.
d. the shut down of either the X from the
e. all of these.
father or the X from the mother.
Answer: c
e. death of the female.
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
Answer: d
E 86. __________ are involved in the regulation of Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Analysis
gene expression.
M 91. Which of the following statements is (are)
a. Transcription factors
CORRECT about cancer?
b. Nucleases
a. Cancer is due to uncontrolled cell division.
c. Transposable elements
b. Mutations in tumor suppressor genes are
d. Ultraviolet light and some natural
likely to lead to a cancer.
chemicals
c. In some conditions, tumor cells may
e. All of these
spread in adjacent tissues and in the rest of
Answer: a
the body. That stage of cancer is called
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
metastasis.
M 87. Which of the following components control the d. Cells undergoing uncontrolled division
formation of specific body parts during the may form a mass called a tumor.
development of an embryo? e. All of these are correct.
a. transcription factors Answer: e
b. master genes Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
c. homeotic genes
d. all of these
e. none of these
Answer: d
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension

Gene Expression and Control 73

Selecting the Exception D 97. Four of the five answers listed below are
related to gene expression. Select the
E 92. Four of the five answers listed below are found
EXCEPTION.
in RNA molecules. Select the EXCEPTION.
a. translation
a. adenine
b. transcription
b. guanine
c. DNA polymerase
c. thymine
d. mRNA
d. uracil
e. tRNA
e. cytosine
Answer: c
Answer: c
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension/Evaluation
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge
E 93. Four of the five answers listed below are
related to RNA synthesis. Select the
Matching Questions
EXCEPTION. D 98-108. Answer the following questions by matching
a. nucleotides each term with the most appropriate
b. amino acids description.
c. RNA polymerase
a. anticodon b. rRNA
d. messenger RNA c. codon d. ribosome
e. DNA e. genetic code f. termination
Answer: b g. messenger RNA h. polysome
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge i. promoters j. transcription
D 94. Four of the five answers listed below are k. translation
related to pairings. Select the EXCEPTION. 98. _____ brought about by one of three codons
a. double-stranded DNA – messenger RNA 99. _____ RNA-directed synthesis of polypeptide
b. adenine – thymine chains
c. codon – anticodon 100. _____ site at which RNA polymerase can bind
d. small subunit – large subunit and initiate transcription
e. promoter – terminator 101. _____ binds to the small subunits platform of a
Answer: d ribosome
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension
102. _____ guided and catalyzed by RNA polymerases
M 95. Four of the five answers listed below are 103. _____ polypeptide chain elongation proceeds
related to translation. Select the EXCEPTION. independently at each body in this cluster
a. RNA polymerase 104. _____ all of the mRNA codons
b. mRNA 105. _____ a tRNA triplet opposite an amino acid
c. tRNA 106. _____ complex with proteins to form ribosomes
d. ribosome 107. _____ “workbenches” upon which polypeptides
e. amino acid are assembled
Answer: a 108. _____ a set of three mRNA nucleotides
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Evaluation Answers: 98. f, 99. k, 100. i, 101. g, 102. j, 103. h,
104. e, 105. a, 106. b, 107. d, 108. c
M 96. Four of the five answers listed below are steps
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension/Analysis
in translation. Select the EXCEPTION.
a. initiation
b. replication
c. chain elongation
d. termination
e. peptide bond formation
Answer: b
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge/Comprehension

74 Chapter Seven
Test Bank for Biology Today and Tomorrow with Physiology, 3rd Edition: Starr

Classification Questions
Answer questions 109-113 in reference to the five RNA
codons listed below.
a. AUG
b. UAA
c. UUU
d. UUA
e. AAA
D 109. _____ This codon terminates a coding region.
M 110. _____ The anticodon AAA would pair with this
codon.
D 111. _____ A single mutation involving the second
letter of codon AUA would convert it to
this codon.
D 112. _____ A DNA codon of ATT would be
complementary to this RNA codon.
D 113. _____ This codon codes for an amino acid and
indicates the beginning of a coding region.
Answers: 109. b, 110. c, 111. e, 112. b, 113. a
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application

Gene Expression and Control 75

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