Test Bank for College Geometry: A Problem Solving Approach with Applications, 2/E 2nd Editio

Test Bank for College Geometry: A Problem Solving

Approach with Applications, 2/E 2nd Edition Gary L.
Musser, Lynn Trimpe, Vikki R. Maurer

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 GEOMETRY Chapter Five

True–False. Mark as true any statement that is always true. Mark as false any statement that is
never true or that is not necessarily true. Be able to justify your answers.

1. Any set of three lines in the same plane has one pair of parallel lines and one transversal line.
2. To begin an argument using indirect reasoning, we assume that the hypothesis of the statement
to be proved is true and that the negation of the conclusion of the statement is true.
3. If two lines cut by a transversal form a pair of supplementary corresponding angles with the
transversal, then the lines are parallel.
4. The exterior angle to any vertex in a triangle is equal to the sum of any two interior angles in
the triangle.
5. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the alternate interior angles are congruent.
6. The Parallel Postulate is required to prove that the sum of the angles in a triangle is 180
.
7. If AB
PQ,
BAC

QPR, and
ACB

PRQ, then ABC
PQR.
8. The diagonals of a rhombus are congruent.
9. If the diagonals of a rhombus are 10 cm and 24 cm, then its perimeter is 52 cm.
10. The diagonals of a trapezoid form four triangles, one pair of which is always congruent.
Í ! Í !
11. If AB ‘ CD, then AC  BD
12. In parallelogram ABCD, if
A is a right angle, then ABCD is a rectangle.
13. If a trapezoid has one pair of congruent base angles, then the other pair of base angles is also
congruent.
14. Using only a compass and straightedge, you can subdivide a segment into any ratio a:b:c of
lengths.

Multiple Choice. Mark the letter of the single BEST response. Be sure to read all the choices for
each problem before deciding.

15. The following can be used to tell if two lines are parallel
(a) If a transversal forms a pair of congruent alternate interior angles.
(b) If a transversal forms a pair of complimentary interior angles on the same side of the
transversal.
(c) If a transversal forms a pair of congruent corresponding angles with the transversal.
(d) Both (a) and (c) are correct.
(e) Answers (a), (b) and (c) are all correct.
16. This follows as a Corollary to the Parallel Postulate:
(a) AAS.
(b) HL.
(c) HA.
(d) ASA.
(e) Both (a) and (c) are correct.
(f) Both (b) and (d) are correct.

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

40 Chapter 5

17. If one angle in a parallelogram is 135
, then one of the other angles of the parallelogram is
(a) 135
.
(b) 45
.
(c) 55
.
(d) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
(e) Both (a) and (c) are correct.
18. If point Q is between P and R on PR and point T is not on PR, then
(a)
PQT

PTQ.
(b)
TQR 
QPT 
PTQ.
(c)
TQR  90
.
(d)
QPT 
PQT 
TQR.
(e) None of these is correct.
19. Which of the following, if any, is NOT a triangle congruence theorem or postulate?
(a) SAA.
(b) SSS.
(c) AAA.
(d) SAS.
(e) All of these are triangle congruence theorems or postulates.
20. Given
QRS and point T so that TQ  QR, TS  RS, and TQ  ST.
(a) TRS
TRQ.
(b) T is on the bisector of
QRS.
(c) RQ
RS.
(d) All of these are correct.
(e) None of these is correct.
21. If ROPE is a parallelogram, then
(a)
EPR

PRO.
(b) RP  OE.
(c) EO
PR.
(d)
EPR

OPR.
(e) None of these is correct.
22. The diagonals of a parallelogram
(a) are congruent.
(b) are perpendicular.
(c) bisect each other.
(d) bisect the angles of the parallelogram.
(e) All of these are correct.
23. Which of the following are true?
(a) All squares are rhombi.
(b) All rectangles are parallelograms.
(c) All parallelograms with congruent diagonals are rectangles.
(d) All rhombi with congruent diagonals are squares.
(e) Both (a) and (b) are correct.
(f) Answers (a)–(d) are all correct.
24. Every rhombus
(a) has perpendicular diagonals.
(b) is a parallelogram.
(c) has diagonals which bisect each other.
(d) All of (a)–(c) are correct.
(e) None of these is correct.

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 Chapter 5 41

25. The diagonals of a rectangle

(a) are perpendicular.
(b) are congruent.
(c) bisect the angles of the rectangle.
(d) All of (a)–(c) are correct.
(e) None of these is correct.
26. Which of the following, if any, is NOT a characteristic of all parallelograms?
(a) The diagonals are perpendicular.
(b) Opposite sides are parallel.
(c) Opposite angles are congruent.
(d) Opposite sides are congruent.
(e) These are all characteristics of every parallelogram.
27. Using only a compass and straightedge, you can construct:
(a) A rhombus given a side length and one of its angles.
(b) A rectangle given a side length and one of its angles.
(c) A square given a side length and one of its angles.
(d) An isosceles trapezoid given a side length and one of its angles.
(e) Both (a) and (c) are correct.
(f) Answers (a)–(d) are all correct.

Fill in the Banks. Complete each statement with a word or phrase that makes it true.

28. In the diagram

(a) The pair
3 and
5 are

8 7 (b) The pair
1 and
7 are
5 6
(c) The pair
3 and
6 are
4 3 (d) The pair
1 and
8 are
1 2
(e) The pair
4 and
8 are

29. If two lines do not intersect, they may be or .

30. If
XWZ

ZYX and
XWZ 
WZY  180
, then WXYZ is a .
31. If OR and IT bisect each other, then .
32. The diagonals of a square are and .

Writing. Write your answers concisely and completely. Feel free to use figures and/or tables to
illustrate the points you are making.

33. Discuss fully how indirect reasoning would be used to prove

p Q q is a true statement.
34. Compare and contrast the attributes of the following quadrilaterals:
Parallelogram, Rectangle, Rhombus, Square.

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42 Chapter 5

Exercises/Problems.

35. Using only the labeled angles in the diagram, identify:

4 3 8 7
m
1 2 5 6

15 14
l
13 12

11 10

(a) Two pairs of alternate interior angles

(b) Two pairs of alternate exterior angles
(c) Two pairs of interior angles on the same side of the transversal
(d) Two pairs of exterior angles on the same side of the transversal
(e) Two pairs of corresponding angles
36. Find the measures of the numbered angles in the figure below.

142°
103°

3 2

37. In the figure, find the measure of
1.

5
3x 
10

x

4x

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 Chapter 5 43

38. For the figure, determine whether each statement is true or false. If a statement is true, explain
why.
(a)
1  90
.
(b)
1 
5 
11.
(c)
9 
10  2(
5).
(d)
5 
6 
1.

4 1
5 2
6
3
7
8
10 11
9 12

13
14

39. Find the measure of each numbered angle in the figure below if l, n, and m are parallel and the
congruent segments are marked.
l
85° 3

86°
n
2
65°
1 m

40. Using only the labeled angles in the diagram, list two angle pairs, each of which, if congruent,
would prove that l ‘ m. For each pair, state the reason these angles show the lines are parallel

4 3 8 7 m
1 2 5 6

15 14 l
13 12
11 10
9

41. Using only the labeled angles in the diagram and assuming that l ‘ m.

4 3 8 7 m
1 2 5 6

15 14 l
13 12
11 10
9

(a) Find the measure of
1 
15

(b) Find all angles with measure 70
if
15  70

(c) Find the measure of
9 if
10  130

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44 Chapter 5

42. Find the measures of the following angles in the rhombus shown.
(a)
CBD
(b)
CAD
B
A
2x1

1
x
C
D

43. Determine if each of the following is true or false. If true, explain why.
1 2

3
11
4 10
5
7 12
6
8
15
14 9
13

(a)
4 
9 
13  180

(b)
5 
8 
10
(c)
4 
1 
14
(d)
2 
3 
4 
11 
12 
15  360

44. Find the area of the rhombus shown if WY  30 cm.
W X

m
6c
x

x9 cm

Z Y

45. Determine if each statement is true if

(i) ABCD is a parallelogram
(ii) ABCD is a rhombus
In each case, if true, explain why.
A B

C D

(a) AE  DE
(b) AE  CE
(c) AC  AB
(d) AB  CD
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 Chapter 5 45

46. Determine if each statement is true if

(i) ABCD is a parallelogram
(ii) ABCD is a rhombus
In each case, if true, explain why.
A B

C D

(a) AD  CB
(b)
AEC

BED
(c)
AEC

AEB
(d)
CEA

BEA
47. Find the measures of the numbered angles in the rhombus PQRS.
P Q

3
2

1
39°
S R

48. Name all congruent triangle relationships if PQRS is a parallelogram (but not necessarily a
rhombus)

P Q

S R

49. Determine if each statement is true if

(i) PQRS is a rectangle
(ii) PQRS is a square
In each case, if true, explain why.
P Q

S R

(a) PQ  SR
(b) PT  TR
(c) ST  RT
(d) PS  ST
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46 Chapter 5

50. Determine if each statement is true if

(i) PQRS is a rectangle
(ii) PQRS is a square
In each case, if true, explain why.
P Q

S R

(a) PR  SQ
(b)
STP

QTR
(c)
STP  90

(d)
QPT

SRT
51. Find the area of the isosceles trapezoid shown below. Round your answer to the nearest
hundredth.
6

4.3

10.4

52. ABDF is a rhombus and BCEF is a rectangle in the figure. If
DAF  23
and AG  14.35 m,
find the measures of the numbered angles.
C

B D
1

G E
2
23°
A F

53. Using only a compass and straightedge find point P on AB so that AP  2PB.

A B

54. Construct a rhombus with diagonals a and b.

a b

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 Chapter 5 47

55. Trace ABC, Using only a compass and straightedge, divide ABC into three triangles with
the same area.
B

A C

56. Using only a compass and straightedge, construct a square given one of its sides a.
a

Proofs. Prove the following statements using either a paragraph proof or a two-column proof. Be
sure to justify your conclusions.

57. In the figure, lines l, m, and n are parallel, CA  AE, and
BDE  120
. Prove that CD  2BD.
C
l

B D m
A E n

58. In the figure, AB ‘ DC and
B

D. Prove that AD ‘ BC.

A B

D C

59. Prove that if the midpoints of the sides of a parallelogram are connected consecutively, the
quadrilateral formed is a parallelogram.
60. In the rhombus PQRS, SQ is an altitude and ST
SP. Prove that TQRS is an isosceles
trapezoid.
T U P Q

S R

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48 Chapter 5

61. ABEG and BCDF are isosceles trapezoids where BF ‘ AG, BE ‘ CD, and
BFE

BEF.
Prove that ABFG and BCDE are parallelograms.
A B C

G F E D

62. Prove that if ABED is a rhombus, ABCD is a kite.

A

D B

C
Applications.
63. As astronomer observes that at point A on the planet Mercury at a particular time the sun is
directly in line with point A and the center of the planet. At the same time, the sun’s rays form
an angle of 5
with the vertical at point B on the surface of the planet. She determines that
point B is roughly 213 km south of point A. Using this data, what will she calculate Mercury’s
diameter to be? (See sketch.)

A
213 km
5°
B
Vertical

64. Two trees standing side by side cast shadows that are the same length. Explain why the trees
are the same height.

Sun’s Rays

Shadow

Shadow
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 Chapter 5 49

65. A rancher wants to build a new storage facility for use during harvest. It needs to be accessible
from three main roads. Where should he build the facility so it will be the same distance from
all three roads?

Storage
Facility

66. A folding camp chair is made up of a canvas seat and aluminum legs joined at their midpoints
as shown. Why will this design insure that the seat, when set up, will always be parallel to the
ground?

67. Suppose a ball is hit at an angle of 60
from point A on the 4.5 by 9 billiards table shown
below. Will the ball hit the sides of the table at least five times before going into a pocket?
Explain your answer.

60°

68. A logo for a new company is to be four congruent parallelograms arranged as shown. Explain
why there will be no gaps or overlaps in this design.

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Test Bank for College Geometry: A Problem Solving Approach with Applications, 2/E 2nd Edition Gar

50 Chapter 5

69. A young tree is planted in the center of an equilateral triangle. Three wires are attached to the
tree as shown. Why should the wires all be the same length? Assuming the dimensions shown,
how long should each wire be?

3

4

70. A parking lot is to be constructed in the shape below. If the concrete used has to be 5 thick,
what volume of concrete (in cubic feet) is required?

30

40

35

50

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