Histology Exam Slides

DAV I D E B E N E Z E R
D E P A R T M E N T O F A N AT O M Y
VELAMMAL MEDICAL COLLEGE
MADURAI
What the
does not know, the
cannot see
 General instruction

Theory
 Use only appropriate H & E pencils for diagrams
 Mention all the layers present
 Mention important features in each layer

Spotters
 Mention epithelium when present- MUST
 Write only POSITIVE points
 Write only IMPORTANT identification features
 Do not move the field
 Epithelium will be focused at 12 O’ clock position
Hyaline cartilage

Perichondrium

Chondrocytes
arranged in
Cell nests

Homogenous
matrix

Perichondrium
Elastic cartilage
Perichondrium

Chondrocytes
arranged singly

Perichondrium
White fibro cartilage

Chondrocytes
arranged in rows

Collagen fibers
arranged in bundles
Bone – C.S

Concentric lamellae

Volkmann’s canal

Haversian canal

Interstitial lamellae

Osteocyte in
lacunae
Bone T.S.

Haversian canal

Volkmann’s canal

Osteocyte in
lacunae

Concentric lamellae
 Optic nerve

Nerve
bundles

Central Pia mater

Artery &
Vein of retina
Arachnoid
mater

Dura mater
Peripheral nerve

Myelin sheath
around axon

Nodes of Ranvier
 Spinal/ sensory/ dorsal root ganglia
Capsule

Large pseudounipolar
neurons arranged in
groups

Nerve fibers arranged

in bundles

Satellite cells
completely surround
neurons
 Sympathetic ganglia

Capsule

Scattered small
multipolar neurons

Nerve fibers
scattered

Neurons
incompletely
surrounded by
satellite cells
Cardiac muscle

Muscle fibers
branch and
anastomose
with each other

Myocytes have
centrally placed
nuclei
Skeletal muscle

Long, cylindrical
muscle fibers
arranged in bundles

Cross striations

Multiple peripherally
placed nuclei
Large/ elastic artery
Tunica intima
contains endothelium

Thick tunica media

containing
predominantly
elastic fibers

Tunica adventitia
containing collagen
fibers and vasa
vasorum
Medium sized/ muscular artery

Thick tunica media

containing
predominantly
smooth muscle
fibers

Presence of
prominent internal
elastic lamina in
tunica intima

Tunica adventitia
containing collagen
fibers and vasa
vasorum
Large vein

Tunica intima lined

by endothelium

Tunica media with few

circularly arranged
smooth muscle fibers

Thick tunica adventitia

with longitudinally
arranged smooth
muscle fibers
Medium sized vein

Thick tunica
adventitia with
collagen fibers

Thin tunica media

with few circularly
arranged smooth
muscle fibers

Tunica intima lined

by endothelium
Tonsil

Lymphatic nodule

Stratified squamous
non-keratinised
epithelium

Tonsillar crypts
Lymph node

Capsule

Trabeculae

Cortex containing
lymphoid follicles &
subcapsular sinus

Medulla containing
medullary cords &
medullary sinuses
Thymus

Lobules separated by incomplete

septa which contain cortex and
medulla

Cortex contains densely arranged

lymphocytes

Medulla contains loosely arranged

lymphocytes and
Hassal’s corpuscles
Spleen
Capsule

Red pulp containing splenic cords

and venous sinuses

White pulp containing lymphatic

nodule with eccentrically placed
central arteriole

Trabeculae
Thin skin
Epidermis containing
stratified squamous
keratinised
epithelium

Hair follicle

Dermis containing
dense irregular
connective tissue

Sebaceous glands
Thick skin

Epidermis containing
stratified squamous
keratinised epithelium with
thick stratum corneum

Dermis containing dense

irregular connective tissue

Sweat glands
Serous salivary gland

Serous acinus lined

by pyramidal cells

Intralobular ducts

Interlobular duct
Mucous salivary gland

Intralobular duct

Interlobular duct

Mucous acinus
lined by columnar
cells
Mixed salivary gland

Intralobular duct

Mucous acinus
capped by serous
demilunes

Interlobular duct
Trachea
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
epithelium with goblet cells

Hyaline cartilage
 Lung

Bronchus containing
pseudostratified
ciliated columnar
epithelium & plates of
hyaline cartilage

Alveolus lined by
squamous epithelium
Tongue- fungiform papillae
Fungiform papillae
lined by stratified
squamous
nonkeratinised
epithelium

Skeletal muscle
fibers arranged in
various directions
Tongue- circumvallate papillae (4X)
Circumvallate papillae
lined by stratified
squamous
nonkeratinised
epithelium

Serous acinus &

skeletal muscle
fibers arranged in
various directions
Oesophagus

Stratified squamous
non-keratinised
Epithelium in
mucosa

Mucous glands in
submucosa
Stomach- fundus

Shallow gastric
pits lined by
simple columnar
epithelium

Deep gastric
glands lined by
parietal cells &
chief cells
Stomach- pylorus

Deep gastric pits

lined by simple
columnar
epithelium

Shallow gastric
glands lined by
mucous secreting
cells
Duodenum

Villi lined by columnar

Epithelium with
goblet cells

Brunner’s glands in
submucosa
Jejunum

Long villi lined by

columnar
epithelium with
goblet cells

Prominent
submucosal folds
(plica circularis)
Ileum

Short villi lined by

columnar
epithelium with
goblet cells

Peyer’s patches in
Lamina propria
extending into
submucosa
Appendix

Mucosa lined by simple columnar

epithelium with numerous goblet
cells extending into crypts

Numerous lymphoid follicles in

lamina propria extending into
submucosa
Large intestine

Mucosa lined by
simple
columnar epithelium
with numerous goblet
cells extending into
crypts

Taenia coli (aggregated

longitudinal smooth
muscles) in muscularis
externa
Liver

Hepatic lobule
consisting of central
vein surrounded by
radiating plates of
Hepatocytes &
sinusoids between
them

Portal triad consisting

of branches of portal
vein, hepatic artery
and bile duct
Gall bladder

Mucosa lined by tall

columnar
epithelium with
brush border

Fibromuscular layer
with randomly
arranged smooth
muscle fibers &
elastic fibers
Pancreas

Serous acini,
interlobar and
interlobular ducts

Islets of Langerhans
Containing polyhedral
cells with numerous
capillaries
Pituitary gland

Adenohypophysis
containg chromophils,
chromophobes &
colloid filled follicles

Neurohypophysis
containing
unmyelinated nerve
fibers and pituicytes
Thyroid gland

Colloid filled follicles

lined by cuboidal
epithelium

Parafollicular cells
Parathyroid gland

Oxyphil cells

Chief cells
Thyroid & parathyroid glands

Parathyroid gland
containing chief
cells & oxyphil cells

Thyroid gland
containing colloid
filled follicles lined
by cuboidal
epithelium
Suprarenal gland

Capsule

Cortex containing :
zona glomerulosa (inverted ‘U’ shape),

zona fasciculata (2 cell thick column) and

zona reticularis (network)

Medulla contains network of large

basophilic cells
Cerebellum

Grey matter
containing :
molecular cell layer,
Purkinje cell layer &
granular cell layer

White matter
containing nerve
fibers
Cerebrum

White matter
containing nerve
fibers

Grey matter
containing
pyramidal cells and
granular cells
Spinal cord(4X)

Inner ‘H’ shaped grey

matter containing
multipolar neurons

Central canal lined by

ependymal cells

Outer white matter

containing nerve
fibers
Spinal cord (10X)

Central canal lined

by ependymal cells

Inner grey matter

containing
multipolar neurons

Outer white matter

containing nerve
fibers
Kidney

Cortex containing
renal corpuscles,
proximal convoluted tubule & distal
convoluted tubule

Medulla containing loop of Henle and

collecting duct
Ureter

Mucosa lined by
transitional
epithelium

Inner longitudinal
and outer circular
smooth muscles
Urinary bladder

Mucosa lined by
transitional
epithelium

Randomly
arranged smooth
muscle bundles
Cornea

Stratified squamous
nonkeratinised
epithelium

Thick corneal stroma

containing collagen
fibers

Endothelium
Retina

Rods & cones in outer

nuclear layer,
bipolar neurons in inner
nuclear layer,
multipolar neurons in
ganglion cell layer

Outer plexiform &

inner plexiform layer
Testis

Seminiferous
tubules containing
spermatocytes at
various stages of
development

Interstitial cells of
Leydig
Epididymis

Pseudostratified
columnar epithelium
with stereocilia

Smooth muscles
around the tubules
Vas deferens

Mucosa lined by
pseudostratified
columnar epithelium
with stereocilia

Thick layer of inner

circular & outer
longitudinal smooth
muscles
Prostate gland

Glandular alveoli
with columnar
epithelium

Fibromuscular stroma
Ovary

Cortex with ovarian

follicle at various
stages of
development

Medulla with
connective tissue &
blood vessels
Fallopian tube

Mucosa thrown into folds lined by ciliated

columnar epithelium

Inner circular & outer longitudinal smooth

muscle layer
Uterus

Endometrium lined by
simple columnar
epithelium extending
into uterine glands

Myometrium
consisting of randomly
arranged smooth
muscles & blood
vessels
Mammary gland

Adipose tissue

Glandular alveoli
lined by cuboidal
epithelium
Placenta

Chorionic villi lined by

syncytiotrophoblast,
containing foetal
blood vessels

Intervillous space
containing maternal
blood
Umbilical cord (4X)

Wharton’s jelly/
Myxomatous tissue

Umbilical vein

Umbilical artery
Wish you all
the very best
