Nama: Kelas:

Modul Kolom Syarah Utsuluts Tsalatsah

‫ترجمة المؤلف‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
 ‫اعلم رحمك هللا أنه يجب علينا تعلم أربع مسائل ‪:‬‬
‫األولى‪ :‬العلم‪ ،‬وهو معرفة هللا‪ ،‬ومعرفة نبيه‪ ،‬ومعرفة دين اإلسالم باألدلة ‪.‬‬
‫الثانية‪ :‬العمل به ‪.‬‬
‫الثالثة‪ :‬الدعوة إليه ‪.‬‬
‫الرابعة‪ :‬الصبر على األذى فيه ‪.‬‬
‫سرٍ (‪ )2‬إِ ََّّل الَّ ِذينَ آ َم ُنوا َو َعمِلُوا‬ ‫ان لَفِي ُ‬
‫خ ْ‬ ‫نس َ‬ ‫ن ِْ‬
‫اإل َ‬ ‫صرِ (‪ )1‬إِ َّ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‪ :‬و ْ‬
‫َال َع ْ‬
‫ص ْوا بِال َّ‬
‫صب ِْر ]العصر‪.[3-1:‬‬ ‫َق َوتَوَا َ‬ ‫ص ْوا بِ ْ‬
‫الح ِ‬ ‫ال َّ‬
‫صالِحَاتِ َوتَوَا َ‬
‫قال الشافعي رحمه هللا تعالى‪( :‬لو ما أنزل هللا حجة على خلقه إَّل هذه السورة لكفتهم‪).‬‬
‫َاس َت ْغ ِف ْر‬ ‫م أَنَّ ُه ََّل إِلَ َه إِ ََّّل َّ ُ‬
‫َّللا و ْ‬ ‫اعلَ ْ‬
‫وقال البخاري رحمه هللا تعالى‪( :‬باب العلم قبل القول والعمل‪ ،‬والدليل قوله تعالى ‪َ :‬ف ْ‬
‫ك ]محمد‪ .]19:‬فبدأ بالعلم قبل القول والعمل)‪.‬‬ ‫لِ َذن ِب َ‬

‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
3
 ‫اعلم رحمك هللا أنه يجب على كل مسلم ومسلمة‪ ،‬تعلم هذه الثالث مسائل‪ ،‬والعمل بهن ‪:‬‬
‫األولى‪ :‬أن هللا خلقنا ورزقنا ولم يتركنا همالً‪ ،‬بل أرسل إلينا رسوَّلً‪ ،‬فمن أطاعه دخل الجنة‪ ،‬ومن عصاه دخل النار ‪.‬‬
‫َسوَّل ً (‪َ )15‬ف َعصَى فِ ْر َع ْو ُ‬
‫ن‬ ‫نر ُ‬ ‫م َكمَا أَر َ‬
‫ْس ْلنَا إِلَى فِ ْر َع ْو َ‬ ‫شاهِداً َعلَ ْي ُك ْ‬
‫َسوَّل ً َ‬
‫مر ُ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬إِنَّا أَر َ‬
‫ْس ْلنَا إِلَ ْي ُك ْ‬
‫خذاً َوبِيال ً ]المزمل‪.[15-16:‬‬ ‫خ ْذنَا ُه أَ ْ‬
‫ل َفأَ َ‬ ‫ال َّر ُ‬
‫سو َ‬
‫الثانية‪ :‬أن هللا َّل يرضي أن ُيشرك معه أحد في عبادته َّل ملَك مقرب وَّل نبي مرسل ‪.‬‬
‫]الجن‪.[18:‬‬ ‫َّللا أَحَداً‬
‫ع َّ ِ‬ ‫ج َد ِ َّ ِ‬
‫ّلِل َف َال تَ ْد ُعوا َم َ‬ ‫ن ْ‬
‫الم َ‬
‫َسا ِ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬وَأَ َّ‬

‫الثالثه‪ :‬أن من أطاع الرسول ووحد هللا َّل يجوز له مواَّلة من حاد هللا ورسوله‪ ،‬ولو كان أقرب قريب ‪.‬‬
‫م أَ ْو‬
‫ه ْ‬‫م أَ ْو أَ ْبنَاء ُ‬ ‫َسولَ ُه وَلَ ْو َكانُوا آبَاء ُ‬
‫ه ْ‬ ‫َن حَا َّد َّ َ‬
‫َّللا َور ُ‬ ‫ون م ْ‬ ‫اْلخِر ُيو ُّ‬
‫َاد َ‬ ‫م ْ ِ‬ ‫اّلِل و ْ‬
‫َاليَ ْو ِ‬ ‫ون بِ َّ ِ‬ ‫ج ُد َق ْوماً ُي ْؤ ِم ُن َ‬‫والدليل قوله تعالى ‪َّ:‬ل تَ ِ‬
‫خالِ ِدينَ‬ ‫َ‬
‫األ ْنهَا ُر َ‬‫حتِهَا ْ‬ ‫ج ِري مِن تَ ْ‬ ‫ج َّناتٍ تَ ْ‬‫م َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫هم بِ ُروحٍ ِم ْن ُه َو ُي ْدخِل ُه ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َان وَأيَّ َد ُ‬‫اإليم َ‬ ‫م ِْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ك َكتَبَ فِي قلوبِ ِه ُ‬ ‫م أُ ْولَئِ َ‬
‫م أَ ْو َعشِي َرتَ ُه ْ‬ ‫إِ ْ‬
‫خوَانَ ُه ْ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ح ْزبَ َّ ِ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ب َّ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ضوا َع ْن ُه أ ْولَئِ َ‬ ‫ي َّ ُ‬
‫ون ]المجادلة‪.]22:‬‬ ‫ح َ‬ ‫م ْفلِ ُ‬
‫م ال ُ‬ ‫ه ُ‬‫َّللا ُ‬ ‫َّللا أ ََّل إِن ِ‬ ‫ح ْز ُ‬‫ك ِ‬ ‫م َو َر ُ‬‫َّللا َع ْن ُه ْ‬ ‫ض َ‬ ‫فِيهَا َر ِ‬

‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
5
 ‫اعلم أرشدك هللا لطاعته أن الحنيفية ملة إبراهيم‪ ،‬أن تعبد هللا وحده مخلصاً له الدين‪ ،‬وبذلك أمر هللا جميع الناس‬
‫ن يوحدون‪ ،‬وأعظم ما‬‫إلنسَ إَِّل لِيَ ْع ُب ُد ِون ]الذاريات‪ ،]56:‬ومعنى يَ ْع ُب ُد ِو ِ‬ ‫قت الج َّ‬
‫ِن وَا ِ‬ ‫خلَ ُ‬ ‫وخلقهم لها‪ ،‬كما قال تعالى‪َ :‬ومَا َ‬
‫أمر هللا به‪ :‬التوحيد وهو إفراد هللا بالعبادة وأعظم ما نهى عنه‪ :‬الشرك‪ ،‬وهو دعوة غيره معه ‪.‬‬
‫شيئاً ]النساء ‪[36:‬‬ ‫ه َ‬ ‫شر ُكوا بِ ِ‬ ‫َاع ُب ُدوا َّ‬
‫َّللا َوَّل َ تُ ِ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬و ْ‬

‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
7
 ‫فإذا قيل لك‪ :‬ما األصول الثالثة التي يجب على اإلنسان معرفتها؟‬

‫فقل‪ :‬معرفة العبد ربه‪ ،‬ودينه‪ ،‬ونبيه محمد ﷺ‬

‫األصل األول‪ :‬معرفة الرب‬
‫فإذا قيل لك‪ :‬من ربك؟ فقل‪ :‬ربي هللا الذي رباني وربى جميع العالمين بنعمه‪ ،‬وهو معبودي ليس لي معبود سواه ‪.‬‬
‫م ْين ]الفاتحة‪ ]2:‬وكل من سوى هللا عالم‪ ،‬وأنا واحد من ذلك العالم ‪.‬‬ ‫ّلِل رَبِ ْ‬
‫ال َعالَ ِ‬ ‫م ُد ِ‬
‫ح ْ‬
‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬ال َ‬
‫فإذا قيل لك‪ :‬بم عرفت ربك؟ فقل بآياته ومخلوقاته‪ ،‬ومن آياته الليل والنهار والشمس والقمر‪ ،‬ومن مخلوقاته‬
‫السموات السبع‪ ،‬واألرضون السبع‪ ،‬ومن فيهن وما بينهما ‪.‬‬
‫ّلِل الَّذِي‬ ‫ج ُدوا ِ َّ ِ‬ ‫َاس ُ‬‫س و َََّل ل ِْل َقم َِر و ْ‬ ‫م ِ‬ ‫ج ُدوا ل َّ‬
‫ِلش ْ‬ ‫س ُ‬ ‫م ُر ََّل تَ ْ‬ ‫سو ْ‬
‫َال َق َ‬ ‫م ُ‬ ‫ل وَال َّنهَا ُر و َّ‬
‫َالش ْ‬ ‫ه اللَّ ْي ُ‬‫ِن آيَاتِ ِ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪َ :‬وم ْ‬
‫م ثُمَّ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ق السمَاوَاتِ وَاألرْضَ فِي ِ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫خل َ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫َّللا الذِي َ‬ ‫م ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ون ]فصلت‪ ،]37:‬وقوله تعالى‪ :‬إِن َربك ُ‬ ‫م إِيَّا ُه تَ ْع ُب ُد َ‬ ‫ن إِن ُكن ُت ْ‬ ‫خلَ َق ُه َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ة أيا ٍ‬ ‫ست ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ق وَاأل ْم ُر تَبَا َر َ‬
‫ك‬ ‫خ ْل ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ت بِأ ْم ِر ِه أَّل َ لَ ُه ْال َ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫َا‬
‫ر‬ ‫خ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫م‬ ‫و‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ج‬ ‫ُّ‬
‫َالن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ر‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫م‬ ‫َ‬
‫ق‬ ‫ْ‬
‫َال‬ ‫و‬ ‫سَ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫م‬ ‫َّ‬
‫َالش‬ ‫و‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ِيثا‬ ‫ث‬‫ح‬‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ه‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ب‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ْ‬
‫َط‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬
‫َ‬ ‫َا‬
‫ه‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ن‬ ‫ال‬ ‫َ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ي‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫الل‬ ‫ِي‬‫ش‬ ‫ْ‬
‫غ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ي‬ ‫ْش‬ ‫ر‬ ‫َ‬
‫ع‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ال‬ ‫ى‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ل‬‫ع‬‫َ‬ ‫َى‬ ‫و‬ ‫َ‬
‫ت‬ ‫اس‬‫ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫مينَ ]األعراف‪. [54 :‬‬ ‫ال َعالَ ِ‬ ‫َب ْ‬‫َّللا ر ُّ‬
‫ُ‬
‫والرب هو‪ :‬المعبود ‪.‬‬
‫ل لَ ُك ُ‬
‫م‬ ‫ج َع َ‬ ‫ون (‪ )21‬الذِي َ‬ ‫بلكم لَ َعلَّ ُكم تَ َّت ُق َ‬
‫خلَ َق ُكم وَالَّ ِذينَ مِن َق ُ‬
‫م الَّ ِذي َ‬ ‫اس اع ُب ُدوا ربَّ ُك ُ‬
‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬يَأيُّهَا ال َّن ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫مون‬ ‫ّلِل أندَا ًدا وَأن ُتم تَ َعلُ‬ ‫زقا ل ُكم َفال َ تَج َعلُ ْ‬
‫وا َ َّ ِ‬ ‫ت ِر ً‬
‫الثمرا ِ‬ ‫ه مِن َّ‬ ‫السمَآ ِء مَاَ ًء َفأخ َر َ‬
‫ج بِ ِ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ل ِمنَ‬ ‫َاشا و َّ‬
‫َالسمآ َء بِنآ ًء وَأن َز َ‬ ‫األرضَ فِر ً‬
‫]البقرة‪. [21-22 :‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
9
 ‫قال ابن كثير رحمه هللا تعالى‪( :‬الخالق لهذه األشياء هو المستحق للعبادة)‪.‬‬
‫وأنواع العبادة التي أمر هللا بها‪ ،‬مثل اإلسالم‪ ،‬واإليمان‪ ،‬واإلحسان‪ ،‬ومنه الدعاء‪ ،‬والخوف‪ ،‬والرجاء‪ ،‬والتوكل‪ ،‬والرغبة‪،‬‬
‫والرهبة‪ ،‬والخشوع‪ ،‬والخشية‪ ،‬واإلنابة‪ ،‬واَّلستعانة‪ ،‬واَّلستعاذة‪ ،‬واَّلستغاثة‪ ،‬والذبح‪ ،‬والنذر‪ ،‬وغير ذلك من أنواع العبادة‬
‫التي أمر هللا بها‪ ،‬كلها ‪.‬‬
‫َّللا أحَداً ]الجن‪.[18:‬‬
‫ع َّ ِ‬‫دعوا َم َ‬ ‫َساجِد ِ َّ ِ‬
‫ّلِل َفال تَ ُ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬و َّ‬
‫َأن الم َ‬
‫فمن صرف منها شيئاً لغير هللا فهو مشرك كافر ‪.‬‬
‫كافِ ُر َ‬
‫ون‬ ‫ح ْ‬
‫ال َ‬ ‫ه إِنَّ ُه ََّل ُي ْفلِ ُ‬
‫ِسا ُب ُه عِن َد رَبِ ِ‬ ‫ان لَ ُه بِ ِ‬
‫ه َف ِإنَّمَا ح َ‬ ‫ه َ‬ ‫َّللا إِلَهاً آ َ‬
‫خ َر ََّل ُب ْر َ‬ ‫ع َّ ِ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪َ :‬ومَن ي َْد ُ‬
‫ع َم َ‬
‫]المؤمنون‪.[117:‬‬
‫وفي الحديث‪} :‬الدعاء مخ العبادة{‬
‫ج َه َّن َ‬
‫م دَاخِرِينَ‬ ‫خلُ َ‬
‫ون َ‬ ‫سي َْد ُ‬
‫عبَا َدتِي َ‬ ‫ون َع ْ‬
‫ن ِ‬ ‫ن الَّ ِذينَ ي ْ‬
‫َست َْك ِب ُر َ‬ ‫ِب لَ ُك ْ‬
‫م إِ َّ‬ ‫م ا ْد ُعونِي أَ ْ‬
‫س َتج ْ‬ ‫ل رَبُّ ُك ُ‬
‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪َ :‬و َقا َ‬
‫]غافر‪. [60:‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪10‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
11
 ‫ن إِن ُكن ُتم ُّم ْؤ ِمنِينَ ]آل عمران‪. [175 :‬‬ ‫افو ِ‬‫خ ُ‬ ‫م َو َ‬ ‫ه ْ‬‫افو ُ‬‫خ ُ‬
‫ودليل الخوف قوله تعالى‪َ :‬فال َ تَ َ‬

‫ه أَحَداً ]الكهف‪[110 :‬‬ ‫ش ِر ْ‬

‫ك بِ ِعبَا َد ِة رَبِ ِ‬ ‫ه َف ْليَ ْعم ْ‬
‫َل َعمَال ً صَالِحاً و َََّل ُي ْ‬ ‫جو لِ َقاء رَبِ ِ‬ ‫ودليل الرجاء قوله تعالى‪َ :‬فمَن َك َ‬
‫ان يَ ْر ُ‬

‫َّللا َف ُه َو‬ ‫وا إِن ُكن ُتم ُّم ْؤ ِم ِنينَ ]المائدة‪ ،]23:‬وقوله‪َ :‬ومَن يَ َتو ََّك ْ‬
‫ل َعلَى َّ ِ‬ ‫َّللا َف َتو ََّكلُ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ودليل التوكل قوله تعالى‪َ :‬و َعلَى‬
‫َس ُب ُه ]الطالق‪. [ 3:‬‬
‫ح ْ‬

‫هباً َو َكانُوا لَنَا‬

‫ت َوي َْد ُعونَنَا َر َغباً َو َر َ‬
‫خ ْيرَا ِ‬ ‫ون فِي ْ‬
‫ال َ‬ ‫ار ُع َ‬
‫س ِ‬ ‫ودليل الرغبة والرهبة والخشوع قوله تعالى‪ :‬إِنَّ ُه ْ‬
‫م َكانُوا ُي َ‬
‫ش ِعينَ ]األنبياء‪. [90:‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫خا ِ‬
‫ش ْونِي ]البقرة‪.[150 :‬‬ ‫مو ْ‬
‫َاخ َ‬ ‫ش ْو ُ‬
‫ه ْ‬ ‫ودليل الخشية قوله تعالى‪َ :‬فال َ تَ ْ‬
‫خ َ‬
‫اس ]الناس‪.[1:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َب ال َّن‬ ‫ل أَ ُع ُ‬
‫وذ بِر ِ‬ ‫ودليل اَّلستعانة قوله تعالى‪ُ :‬ق ْ‬
‫اس َتجَابَ لَ ُك ْ‬
‫م ]األنفال‪.[9:‬‬ ‫م َف ْ‬‫ون َربَّ ُك ْ‬ ‫س َتغ ُ‬
‫ِيث َ‬ ‫ودليل اَّلستغاثة قوله تعالى‪ :‬إِ ْذ تَ ْ‬
‫ك أُ ِمر ُ‬
‫ْت‬ ‫ك لَ ُه َوبِ َذلِ َ‬ ‫ّلِل رَبِ ْال َعالَ ِ‬
‫مينَ ﴿‪َّ ﴾162‬ل َ َ‬
‫شرِي َ‬ ‫ي َو َممَاتِي ِ َّ ِ‬
‫َحيَا َ‬ ‫ن ص ََالتِي َونُ ُ‬
‫سكِي َوم ْ‬ ‫ودليل الذبح قوله تعالى‪ُ :‬ق ْ‬
‫ل إِ َّ‬
‫مينَ ]األنعام‪[162-163 :‬‬ ‫م ْ‬
‫سلِ ِ‬ ‫ل ْ‬
‫ال ُ‬ ‫وَأَنَ ْا أَ َّو ُ‬

‫ومن السنة‪} :‬لعن هللا من ذبح لغير هللا{ ‪.‬‬

‫س َتطِيراً ]اإلنسان‪. [ 7:‬‬
‫ش ُّر ُه ُم ْ‬ ‫ون يَ ْوماً َك َ‬
‫ان َ‬ ‫خ ُ‬
‫اف َ‬ ‫ون بِال َّن ْذ ِر َويَ َ‬ ‫ودليل النذر قوله تعالى‪ُ :‬ي ُ‬
‫وف َ‬

‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
13
 ‫األصل الثاني‪ :‬معرفة دين اإلسالم باألدلة‬
‫وهو اَّلستسالم هلل بالتوحيد‪ ،‬واَّلنقياد له بالطاعة‪ ،‬والبراءة من الشرك وأهله‪ ،‬وهو ثالث مراتب‪ :‬اإلسالم‪ ،‬واإليمان‪،‬‬
‫واإلحسان‪ ،‬وكل مرتبة لها أركان ‪.‬‬
‫المرتبة األولى‪:‬‬
‫فأركان اإلسالم خمسة‪ :‬شهادة أن َّل إله إَّل هللا وأن محمداً رسول هللا‪ ،‬وإقام الصالة‪ ،‬وإيتاء الزكاة‪ ،‬وصوم رمضان‪،‬‬
‫وحج بيت هللا الحرام ‪.‬‬
‫ال َع ِزي ُز‬ ‫ط َّل َ إِلَـ َه إَِّل َّ ُ‬
‫ه َو ْ‬ ‫م َقآئِمَاً بِ ْ‬
‫الق ْ‬
‫ِس ِ‬ ‫ك ُة وَأُ ْولُ ْ‬
‫وا ْالع ِْل ِ‬ ‫مالَئِ َ‬
‫َال َ‬ ‫َّللا أَنَّ ُه َّل َ إِلَـ َه إَِّل َّ ُ‬
‫ه َو و ْ‬ ‫ش ِه َد ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫فدليل الشهادة قوله تعالى‪:‬‬
‫م ]آل عمران‪[18:‬‬ ‫حكِي ُ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ال َ‬
‫ومعناها‪َّ :‬ل معبود بحق إَّل هللا وحده (َّل إله) نافياً ما ُيعبد من دون هللا ‪.‬‬
‫(إَّل هللا) مثبتاً العبادة هلل وحده َّل شريك له في عبادته‪ ،‬كما أنه ليس له شريك في ملكه ‪.‬‬
‫ون (‪ )26‬إِ ََّّل الَّذِي َفطَ َرنِي َف ِإنَّ ُه‬ ‫ه إِنَّنِي بَرَاء ِم َّ‬
‫ما تَ ْع ُب ُد َ‬ ‫م ِألَبِي ِ‬
‫ه َو َق ْو ِم ِ‬ ‫وتفسيرها الذي يوضحها قوله تعالى‪ :‬وَإِ ْذ َقا َ‬
‫ل إِ ْبرَاهِي ُ‬
‫جعون ]الزخرف‪.[28-26 :‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫م يَ ْر ِ‬‫ه لَ َعلَّ ُه ْ‬ ‫ج َعلَهَا َكلِ َ‬
‫م ًة بَاقِيَ ًة فِي َع ِقبِ ِ‬ ‫سي َْهد ِ‬
‫ِين (‪َ )27‬و َ‬ ‫َ‬

‫ش ْيئاً َوَّل َ يَ َّت ِ‬

‫خ َذ‬ ‫ه َ‬ ‫م أََّل َّ نَ ْع ُب َد إَِّل َّ َ‬
‫َّللا َوَّل َ نُ ْ‬
‫ش ِر َ‬
‫ك بِ ِ‬ ‫سوَاء بَ ْي َننَا َوبَ ْين ُ‬
‫َك ْ‬ ‫ة َ‬ ‫م ٍ‬‫إِلَى َكلَ َ‬ ‫الكِتَابِ تَ َعالَ ْو ْا‬
‫ل ْ‬‫ه َ‬ ‫ل يَا أَ ْ‬‫وقوله تعالى‪ُ :‬ق ْ‬
‫س ِلمون ]آل عمران‪. [64:‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬
‫وا بِأنا م ْ‬ ‫اش َه ُد ْ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َّللا َفإِن تَوَلَّ ْو ْا َف ُقولُ ْ‬
‫وا‬ ‫ن ِ‬ ‫ضنَا بَ ْعضاً أَ ْربَاباً مِن ُدو ِ‬
‫بَ ْع ُ‬

‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪14‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
15
‫يص َعلَ ْي ُكم‬ ‫ه مَا َعن ُِّت ْ‬
‫م حَرِ ٌ‬ ‫م َعزِي ٌز َعلَ ْي ِ‬ ‫ِن أَن ُفس ُ‬
‫ِك ْ‬ ‫َسو ٌ‬
‫لم ْ‬ ‫مر ُ‬ ‫ودليل شهادة أن محمداً رسول هللا قوله تعالى‪ :‬لَ َق ْد ج ُ‬
‫َاءك ْ‬
‫م ْؤ ِمنِينَ ر َُؤ ٌ‬
‫وف َّرحِي ٌ‬
‫م ]التوبة‪.[ 128 :‬‬ ‫بِ ْ‬
‫ال ُ‬

‫ومعنى شهادة أن محمداً رسول هللا‪ :‬طاعته فيما أمر‪ ،‬وتصديقه فيما أخبر‪ ،‬واجتناب ما نهى عنه وزجر‪ ،‬وأن َّل يعبد‬
‫هللا إَّل بما شرع‪.‬‬
‫ُ‬
‫ص َال َة‬
‫موا ال َّ‬
‫ح َنفَاء َو ُيقِي ُ‬ ‫صينَ لَ ُه ِ‬
‫الدينَ ُ‬ ‫ودليل الصالة والزكاة وتفسير التوحيد قوله تعالى‪َ :‬ومَا أ ِم ُروا إِ ََّّل لِيَ ْع ُب ُدوا َّ َ‬
‫َّللا ُم ْ‬
‫خ ِل ِ‬
‫ة ]البينة‪.[ 5:‬‬
‫م ِ‬ ‫ِين ْ‬
‫ال َقيِ َ‬ ‫َو ُي ْؤتُوا ال َّز َكا َة َو َذلِ َ‬
‫كد ُ‬
‫م لَ َعلَّ ُك ْ‬
‫م تَ َّت ُق َ‬
‫ون‬ ‫الصيَا ُم َكمَا ُك ِتبَ َعلَى الَّ ِذينَ مِن َق ْبل ُِك ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ودليل الصيام قوله تعالى‪ :‬يَا أَيُّهَا الَّ ِذينَ آ َم ُن ْ‬
‫وا ُك ِتبَ َعلَ ْي ُك ُ‬
‫]البقرة‪.[183:‬‬
‫مينَ‬ ‫س ِبيال ً َومَن َك َف َر َف َّ‬
‫إن َّ َ‬
‫َّللا َغني عِن ال َعالَ ِ‬ ‫ع إلَي ِ‬
‫ه َ‬ ‫وّلِل َعلَى الناس ح ُّ‬
‫ِج ال َب ِيت ِمنَ استَطَا َ‬ ‫ودليل الحج قوله تعالى‪ِ َّ ِ :‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫]آل عمران‪. [97:‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪16‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
17
 ‫المرتبة الثانية ‪:‬‬
‫اإليمان‪ :‬وهو بضع وسبعون شعبة‪ ،‬فأعالها قول‪َّ :‬ل إله إَّل هللا‪ ،‬وأدناها إماطة األذى عن الطريق‪ ،‬والحياء شعبة من‬
‫اإليمان‪.‬‬
‫وأركانه ستة‪ :‬أن تؤمن باهلل‪ ،‬ومالئكته‪ ،‬وكتبه‪ ،‬ورسله‪ ،‬واليوم اْلخر‪ ،‬وبالقدر خيره شره‪.‬‬
‫ِن ْ‬
‫ال ِب َّر م ْ‬
‫َن آمَنَ‬ ‫ب وَلَـك َّ‬
‫م ْغ ِر ِ‬ ‫قو ْ‬
‫َال َ‬ ‫ل ْ‬
‫الم ْ‬
‫َش ِر ِ‬ ‫ه ُك ْ‬
‫م قِبَ َ‬ ‫ال ِب َّر أَن تُوَل ُّ ْ‬
‫وا ُو ُ‬
‫جو َ‬ ‫والدليل على هذه األركان الستة قوله تعالى لَّ ْيسَ ْ‬
‫ةو ْ‬
‫َالكِتَابِ وَال َّنبِيِينَ ]البقرة‪.[177:‬‬ ‫ك ِ‬ ‫م اْلخ ِِر و ْ‬
‫َالمَآلئِ َ‬ ‫اّلِل و ْ‬
‫َاليَ ْو ِ‬ ‫بِ ِ‬

‫خلَ ْقنَا ُه بِ َقد ٍَر ]القمر‪. [49:‬‬

‫ي ٍء َ‬ ‫ودليل القدر قوله تعالى‪ :‬إِنَّا ُك َّ‬
‫ل َ‬
‫ش ْ‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪18‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
19
 ‫المرتبة الثالثة‪:‬‬
‫اإلحسان‪ :‬ركن واحد‪ ،‬وهو‪( :‬أن تعبد هللا كأنك تراه‪ ،‬فإن لم تكن تراه فإنه يراك)‪.‬‬
‫ل َعلَى ْ‬
‫ال َع ِز ِ‬
‫يز‬ ‫ون ]النحل‪ .]128:‬وقوله تعالى‪َ :‬وتَو ََّك ْ‬ ‫س ُن َ‬
‫ح ِ‬ ‫هم ُّم ْ‬ ‫وا َّوالَّ ِذينَ ُ‬
‫ع الَّ ِذينَ اتَّ َق ْ‬
‫َّللا َم َ‬
‫ن َ‬‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬إِ َّ‬
‫السمِي ُع ْ‬‫َّ‬ ‫ج ِدينَ (‪ )219‬إِنَّ ُه ُ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ُّ‬
‫حينَ تَ ُقو ُم (‪َ )218‬وتَ َقلبَ َ‬ ‫ِيم (‪ )217‬الَّذِي يَرَا َ‬
‫م ]الشعراء‪.]220 - 217 :‬‬ ‫ال َعلِي ُ‬ ‫ه َو‬ ‫السا ِ‬ ‫ك فِي‬ ‫ك ِ‬ ‫ال َّرح ِ‬
‫ش ُهوداً إِ ْذ تُف ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫َل إَِّل ك َّنا َعلَ ْيك ْ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ن َوَّل َ تَ ْعمَل َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫وقوله تعالى‪َ :‬ومَا تَك ُ‬
‫ه‬ ‫ِيض َ‬
‫ون فِي ِ‬ ‫م ُ‬ ‫ِن َعم ٍ‬ ‫ون م ْ‬ ‫ن َومَا تَ ْتلو ِم ْن ُه مِن قرْآ ٍ‬ ‫شأ ٍ‬ ‫ون فِي َ‬
‫قال‪( :‬بينا نحن جلوس عند النبي ﷺ‬ ‫]يونس‪ .[61 :‬والدليل من السنة‪ :‬حديث جبريل المشهور عن عمر بن الخطاب‬
‫إذ طلع علينا رجل شديد بياض الثياب‪ ،‬شديد سواد الشعر‪َّ ،‬ل ُيرى عليه أثر السفر‪ ،‬وَّل يعرفه منا أحد‪ ،‬فجلس إلى النبي‬
‫ﷺ فأسند ركبتيه إلى ركبتيه‪ ،‬ووضع كفيه على فخذيه‪ ،‬وقال‪ :‬يا محمد أخبرني عن اإلسالم‪ .‬قال‪} :‬أن تشهد أن َّل إله‬
‫إَّل هللا وأن محمداً رسول هللا‪ ،‬وتقيم الصالة وتؤتي الزكاة‪ ،‬وتصوم رمضان‪ ،‬وتحج البيت إن استطعت إليه سبيال {‪.‬قال‪:‬‬
‫صدقت‪ .‬فعجبنا له يسأله ويصدقه‪ .‬قال‪ :‬أخبرني عن اإليمان‪ .‬قال‪} :‬أن تؤمن باهلل ومالئكته‪ ،‬وكتبه‪ ،‬ورسله‪ ،‬واليوم اْلخر‪،‬‬
‫وبالقدر خيره وشره{ قال‪ :‬أخبرني عن اإلحسان‪ .‬قال‪} :‬أن تعبد هللا كأنك تراه فإن لم تكن تراه فإنه يراك{ قال أخبرني‬
‫عن الساعة‪ .‬قال‪} :‬ما المسؤول عنها بأعلم من السائل{ ‪.‬قال‪ :‬أخبرني عن أماراتها‪ .‬قال‪} :‬أن تلد األمة ربتها‪ ،‬وأن ترى‬
‫الحفاة العراة العالة رعاء الشاء يتطاولون في البنيان{ قال‪ :‬فمضى‪ .‬فلبثنا ملياً‪ .‬فقال‪} :‬يا عمر أتدرون من السائل{ قلنا‪:‬‬
‫هللا ورسوله أعلم‪ .‬قال‪} :‬هذا جبريل أتاكم يعلمكم أمر دينكم{) ‪.‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪20‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

21
 ‫األصل الثالث‪ :‬معرفة نبيكم عليه الصالة والسالم‬
‫وهو محمد بن عبد هللا بن عبد المطلب بن هاشم‪ .‬وهاشم من قريش‪ ،‬وقريش من العرب‪ ،‬والعرب من ذرية إسماعيل‬
‫بن إبراهيم الخليل‪ ،‬عليه وعلى نبينا أفضل الصالة والسالم ‪.‬وله من العمر ثالث وستون سنة‪ ،‬منها أربعون قبل النبوة‪،‬‬
‫م َّدثِ ُر ‪ .‬وبلده مكة‪ ،‬بعثه هللا بالنذارة عن الشرك‪ ،‬ويدعو إلى‬ ‫اقر َْأ وأرسل بـ ْ‬
‫ال ُ‬ ‫وثالث وعشرون نبياً رسوَّل ً ‪.‬نبىء بـ ْ‬
‫ج ْر (‪ )5‬و َََّل تَ ْ‬
‫م ُنن‬ ‫ج َز َف ْ‬
‫اه ُ‬ ‫ك َفطَ ِه ْر (‪ )4‬و ُّ‬
‫َالر ْ‬ ‫ك َف َ‬
‫كبِ ْر (‪َ ) 3‬وثِيَابَ َ‬ ‫م َفأَن ِذ ْر (‪َ )2‬و َربَّ َ‬
‫م َّدثِ ُر (‪ُ )1‬ق ْ‬ ‫التوحيد‪ .‬والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬يَا أَيُّهَا ْ‬
‫ال ُ‬
‫ص ِب ْر ]المدثر‪.[ 7-1:‬‬ ‫ست َْكثِ ُر )‪َ (6‬ولِرَبِ َ‬
‫ك َفا ْ‬ ‫تَ ْ‬

‫ك َفطَ ِه ْر أي طهر أعمالك‬ ‫كبِ ْر عظمه بالتوحيد َوثِيَابَ َ‬ ‫ك َف َ‬‫م َفأَن ِذ ْر ينذر عن الشرك ويدعو إلى التوحيد َو َربَّ َ‬ ‫ومعنى ُق ْ‬
‫ج ْر الرجز‪ :‬األصنام‪ ،‬وهجرها تركها وأهلها والبراءة منها وأهلها‪ ،‬أخذ على هذا عشر سنين يدعو‬ ‫ج َز َف ْ‬
‫اه ُ‬ ‫من الشرك و ُّ‬
‫َالر ْ‬
‫إلى التوحيد‪ ،‬وبعد العشر عرج به إلى السماء‪ ،‬وفرضت عليه الصلوات الخمس‪ ،‬وصلى في مكة ثالث سنين‪ ،‬وبعدها أمر‬
‫بالهجرة إلى المدينة ‪.‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪22‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
23
‫والهجرة فريضة على هذه األمة من بلد الشرك إلى بلد اإلسالم‪ ،‬وهي باقية إلى أن تقوم الساعة‪ :‬والدليل قوله‬
‫ن أَر ُ‬
‫ْض‬ ‫م تَ ُك ْ‬ ‫الو َْا أَلَ ْ‬
‫ْض َق ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ض َع ِفينَ فِي األر ِ‬ ‫س َت ْ‬ ‫م َقالُ ْ‬
‫وا ُك َّنا ُم ْ‬ ‫م ُكن ُت ْ‬ ‫م َقالُ ْ‬
‫وا فِي َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ك ُة ظَالِمِي أ ْن ُفس ِ‬
‫ِه ْ‬ ‫المَآلئِ َ‬ ‫م ْ‬ ‫ن الَّ ِذينَ تَو ََّفا ُ‬
‫ه ُ‬ ‫تعالى‪ :‬إِ َّ‬
‫اءت َمصِيراً (‪) 97‬إَِّل َّ ْال ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫َالوِ ْلدَا ِ‬
‫ن َّل َ‬ ‫ِساء و ْ‬ ‫ل وَالن َ‬‫ض َع ِفينَ ِمنَ الرِجَا ِ‬ ‫س َت ْ‬‫م ْ‬ ‫َس ْ‬ ‫مو َ‬ ‫ج َه َّن ُ‬ ‫م َ‬‫ه ْ‬ ‫ك مَأوَا ُ‬ ‫وا فِيهَا َفأ ْولَـئِ َ‬ ‫ج ُر ْ‬
‫س َع ًة َف ُتهَا ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َّللا وَا ِ‬
‫َّللا َع ُفوا َغ ُفورا ]النساء‪.]99 - 97:‬‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ان ُ‬ ‫م َو َك َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َّللا أن يَ ْع ُف َو َع ْن ُه ْ‬ ‫سى ُ‬ ‫ك َع َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫س ِبيال (‪َ )98‬فأ ْولَـئِ َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫ون َ‬ ‫ون حِيلَ ًة َوَّل َ ي َْه َت ُد َ‬ ‫َس َتطِي ُع َ‬‫ي ْ‬
‫ن ]العنكبوت‪. [56:‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ي فاع ُبدو ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٌ‬
‫س َعة فإِيا َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ي ال ِذينَ آ َمنوا إِن أ ْرضِي وَا ِ‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫عبَا ِد َ‬ ‫وقوله تعالى‪ :‬يَا ِ‬
‫قال البغوي رحمه هللا‪( :‬سبب نزول هذه اْلية في المسلمين الذين في مكة لم يهاجروا‪ ،‬ناداهم هللا باسم اإليمان)‪.‬‬

‫والدليل على الهجرة من السنة قوله ﷺ‪َّ} :‬ل تنقطع الهجرة حتى تنقطع التوبة‪ ،‬وَّل تنقطع التوبة حتى تطلع الشمس‬
‫من مغربها{ ‪.‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪24‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

25
‫فلما استقر في المدينة‪ ،‬أمر ببقية شرائع اإلسالم‪ ،‬مثل الزكاة‪ ،‬والصوم‪ ،‬والحج‪ ،‬واألذان‪ ،‬والجهاد‪ ،‬واألمر بالمعروف‪،‬‬
‫والنهي عن المنكر‪ ،‬وغير ذلك من شرائع اإلسالم ‪.‬أخذ على هذا عشر سنين‪ ،‬وبعدها توفي‪ ،‬صالة هللا وسالم عليه‪،‬‬
‫ودينه باقٍ‪.‬‬
‫وهذا دينه َّل خير إَّل دله األمة عليه‪ ،‬وَّل شر إَّل حذرها منه‪ ،‬والخير الذي دلها عليه‪ :‬التوحيد‪ ،‬وجميع ما يحبه هللا‬
‫ويرضاه‪ .‬والشر الذي حذرها منه‪ :‬الشرك وجميع ما يكره هللا ويأباه‪ ،‬بعثه هللا إلى الناس كافة‪ ،‬وافترض طاعته على جميع‬
‫الثقلين‪ :‬الجن واإلنس‪.‬‬
‫جمِيعاً ]األعراف‪ .]158:‬وكمل هللا به الدين‪.‬‬ ‫َّللا إِلَ ْي ُك ْ‬
‫م َ‬ ‫ل ِ‬ ‫َسو ُ‬ ‫ل يَا أَيُّهَا ال َّن ُ‬
‫اس إِنِي ر ُ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ُ :‬ق ْ‬

‫م دِيناً ]المائدة‪. [3 :‬‬

‫سال َ َ‬
‫إل ْ‬ ‫ِيت لَ ُك ُ‬
‫ما ِ‬ ‫متِي َو َرض ُ‬ ‫ت َعلَ ْي ُك ْ‬
‫م نِ ْع َ‬ ‫م ُ‬ ‫م وَأَ ْت َ‬
‫م ْ‬ ‫م دِين ُ‬
‫َك ْ‬ ‫م أَ ْكم َْل ُ‬
‫ت لَ ُك ْ‬ ‫والدليل قول تعالى‪ْ :‬‬
‫اليَ ْو َ‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪26‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
27
 ‫وأرسل هللا جميع الرسل مبشرين ومنذرين‪.‬‬
‫ل ]النساء‪ .[165 :‬وأولهم‬ ‫ة بَ ْع َد ُّ‬
‫الر ُ‬
‫س ِ‬ ‫ج ٌ‬
‫ح َّ‬ ‫اس َعلَى ِ‬
‫َّللا ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫سال ً ُّمبَش ِِرينَ َو ُمنذ ِِرينَ لِ َئال َّ ي َُك َ‬
‫ون لِل َّن‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ُ :‬ر ُ‬
‫نوح عليه السالم‪ ،‬وآخرهم محمد ﷺ وهو خاتم النبيين‪.‬‬

‫ك َكمَا أَ ْو َ‬
‫ح ْينَا إِلَى نُوحٍ وَال َّن ِب ِيينَ مِن بَ ْع ِد ِه ]النساء‪.[163 :‬‬ ‫والدليل على أن أولهم نوح قوله تعالى‪ :‬إِنَّا أَ ْو َ‬
‫ح ْينَا إِلَ ْي َ‬
‫وكل أمة بعث هللا إليها رسوَّل ً من نوح إلى محمد يأمرهم بعبادة هللا وحده‪ ،‬وينهاهم عن عبادة الطاغوت‪.‬‬
‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪ :‬وَلَ َق ْد بَ َع ْثنَا فِي ُك ُ‬
‫وا الطَّ ُ‬
‫اغ َ‬
‫وت ]النحل‪ .]36:‬وافترض هللا على‬ ‫َاج َتنِ ُب ْ‬
‫َّللا و ْ‬
‫وا َ‬ ‫اع ُب ُد ْ‬
‫ن ْ‬‫سوَّل ً أَ ِ‬ ‫ل أ َّم ٍ‬
‫ة َّر ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫جميع العباد الكفر بالطاغوت‪ ،‬واإليمان باهلل‪.‬‬
‫قال ابن القيم رحمه هللا‪( :‬معنى الطاغوت ما تجاوز به العبد حده من معبود‪ ،‬أو متبوع‪ ،‬أو مطاع( ‪.‬‬

‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪28‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
29
‫والطواغيت كثيرون‪ ،‬رؤوسهم خمسة‪ :‬إبليس لعنه هللا‪ ،‬ومن عبد وهو راض‪ ،‬ومن دعا الناس إلى عبادة نفسه‪ ،‬ومن‬
‫ادعى شيئاً من علم الغيب‪ ،‬ومن حكم بغير ما أنزل هللا‪.‬‬
‫س َ‬
‫ك‬ ‫اّلِل َف َق ِد ْ‬
‫اس َت ْ‬
‫م َ‬ ‫اغوت َو ُي ْؤمِن بِ ِ‬‫ال َغي َفمَن ي َْك ُف ْر بالطَّ ُ‬
‫شد مِن ْ‬
‫الر ْ‬ ‫والدليل قوله تعالى‪َّ :‬ل َ إِ ْكرَا َه فِي الد ِ‬
‫ِين َقد تَّ َبيَّنَ ُّ‬
‫م ]البقرة‪ .]256:‬وهذا هو معنى (َّل إله إَّل هللا(‪.‬‬ ‫سمِي ٌ‬
‫ع َعلِي ٌ‬ ‫ََّللا َ‬ ‫ال ُع ْر َو ِة ْ‬
‫ال ُو ْث َقى ََّل انَ ِفصَام لَهَا و ُ‬ ‫بِ ْ‬

‫وفي الحديث‪} :‬رأس األمر اإلسالم‪ ،‬وعموده الصالة‪ ،‬وذروة سنامه الجهاد في سبيل هللا{‪.‬‬
‫وهللا أعلم‪ ...‬تمت األصول الثالثة‪.‬‬

‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪............................................................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪30‬‬
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

31