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Ansi Asse Z359.11 2014
Ansi Asse Z359.11 2014
Ansi Asse Z359.11 2014
ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014
Safety Requirements for
Full Body Harnesses
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Safety Engineers
AFETY NGINEERS
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The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be
reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited
Z359 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness or com-
pleteness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE
or the Z359 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or
health of any persons, or preserve property.
ANSI®
ANSI/ASSE Z359.11 – 2014
Secretariat
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American Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the require-
ments for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the
National standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board
Standard of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially
affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but
not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be consid-
ered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American
National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect pre-
clude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing,
marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the
standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and
will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. More-
over, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American
National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for
interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on
the title page of this standard.
Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any
time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be
taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American
National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing
the American National Standards Institute.
It is intended that every employer whose operations fall within the scope and purpose of the standard will
adopt the guidelines and requirements detailed in this standard.
The need for this standards activity grew out of the continuing development of a series of fall protection-relat-
ed standards. The focus is to tie the elements of those standards together and provide the tools with which
employers may develop the programs that incorporate those elements. This standard also brings together
the administrative requirements of those fall protection standards. It should be noted, as in all Z359-series
standards, that this standard applies to occupational activities. It does not apply to sports activities such as
mountaineering.
Neither the standards committee, nor the secretariat, states that this standard is perfect or in its ultimate
form. It is recognized that new developments are to be expected, and that revisions of the standard will
be necessary as the state-of-the-art progresses and further experience is gained. It is felt, however, that
uniform guidelines for fall protection programs are very much needed and that the standard in its present
form provides for the minimum criteria necessary to develop and implement a comprehensive managed fall
protection program.
The Z359 Committee acknowledges the critical role of design in influencing the use of proper fall protection
equipment. Designs which eliminate fall hazards through the proper application of the hierarchy of safety
controls are the preferred method for fall protection. Design deficiencies often increase the risk for employ-
ees who may be exposed to fall hazards: examples are (1) lack of rail systems to prevent falls from machines,
equipment and structures; (2) failure to provide engineered anchorages where use of personal fall arrest
systems are anticipated; (3) no provision for safe access to elevated work areas; (4) installation of machines
or equipment at heights, rather than floor/ground level to preclude access to elevated areas; (5) failure to plan
for the use of travel restriction or work positioning devices. To that end, this series of standards also provides
guidance for design considerations for new buildings and facilities.
Basic fall safety principles have been incorporated into these standards, including hazard survey, hazard
elimination and control, and education and training. The primary intent is to ensure a proactive approach
to fall protection. However, the reactive process of accident investigation is also addressed to ensure that
adequate attention is given to causation of falls.
The Z359 Committee solicits public input that may suggest the need for revisions to this standard. Such input
should be sent to the Secretariat, ASC Z359, American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 E. Oakton Street,
Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187.
This standard was developed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the American National Standards
Committee on Standards for Fall Protection, Z359. Committee approval of the standard does not necessar-
ily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the Z359
Committee had the following members:
Randall Wingfield, Chair
Basil Tominna, P.E., Vice Chair
Timothy R. Fisher, CSP, CHMM, ARM, CPEA, Secretary
Jennie Dalesandro, Administrative Technical Support
3M Raymond Mann
Michael Cameron
American Airlines Len Bradley
American Society of Safety Engineers Jubal D. Hamernik, Ph.D., P.E.
John Stephen Frost, CSP
Bashlin Industries, Inc. Preston Anderson
Bradley S. McGill
Boeing Company Chuck Orebaugh
Joey R. Junio, P.E.
Buckingham Mfg. Co., Inc. James Rullo
DeForest Canfield
Capital Safety Group J. Thomas Wolner, P.E.
Judd Perner
Chevron Craig Berkenmeier
Joshua Ockmond, CSP
Clear Channel Outdoor Jim Poage
Dan Rossi
ClimbTech LLC Karl Guthrie
Eric Patrick
Elk River, Inc. Delisa Calhoun
Erik Arendall
Ellis Fall Safety Solutions, LLC J. Nigel Ellis, Ph.D., P.E., CSP, CPE
John T. Whitty, P.E.
FallTech Dustin Hawkins
Paul Breves
Flexible Lifeline Systems Hugh Armstrong
Amber Svoboda
General Motors Ken Mahnick
Kyle Sullivan
Gravitec Systems, Inc. Randall Wingfield
Dave Lough
Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection & Insurance Co. Timothy Healey
Jerry Kucharski, CFPS
High Engineering Corp. Greg Small, P.Eng., M.Eng.
Doug Myette
Honeywell Safety Products Bradley Rohlf
Chris Huber
ISEA – International Safety Equipment Association Dan Shipp
Indianapolis Power and Light David H. Pate, CUSA
David Baldwin
Ingersoll Rand Mark Winchester
INSPEC International Ltd. Paul Clarke, CEng, MIMechE
Andrew Diamond, MInstP, BSc (Hons)
LJB Inc. Thomas Kramer, P.E., CSP
Rupert Noton, CEng, MIStructE
Latchways PLC Tim Bissett, BEng (Hons), CEng, MIMechE
Tim Fletcher
Lawrence Livermore National Security Kevin Goodwin
Steve McConnell
Liberty Mutual Group John Rabovsky, MS, CSP, ARM
Cal Sparks
Lighthouse Safety LLC John Corriveau
MSA Marc Harkins
John Giovengo
Monsanto Robert Kling, P.E., CSP
Adam Chapin
Murdock Webbing Co. Inc. Bob Golz
Greg Pilgrim
National Association of Tower Erectors Gordon Lyman
Don Doty
Pamela R. Huck, Inc. Pamela Huck, CSP
Parsons Engineering Group William R. Parsons, P.Eng.
Ryan Newbury, P.Eng.
Peakworks Tim Accursi
Gabe Fusco
PenSafe Keith Smith
Pigeon Mountain Industries, Inc. Jeff Bowles
Kim Hunter
Reliance Industries, LLC Dan Henn
W. Joe Shaw
SPRAT – Society of Professional Rope Loui McCurley
Access Technicians Jim Frank
Safety Connection, Inc. Clint Honeycutt, Sr.
Janice Honeycutt
Safety Equipment Institute Steve Sanders
Safety Through Engineering, Inc. (dba STE, Inc.) Michael C. Wright, P.E., CPE, CSP
Mark Williams
Sellstrom Manufacturing Co./RTC Division Kenneth Lemke
Steve Batke
Shell Exploration & Production Co. Steven Kim Biggs
Joe B. George
Skylotec North America, LP Mark Conover
Kurani Seyhan
SPANCO, Inc. / Rigid Lifelines Arnie Galpin, P.E.
Tim Bambrick
Sparkling Clean Window Company & Surface Sam Terry
Solutions Art Schneider
Sturges Manufacturing Co., Inc. Richard Griffith
Tyler Griffith
Superior Energy Services, Inc. Spencer Colbert
Noel J. Spicuza, III
Tractel Inc. Doug Knapp
Catalin Anesia
Transport Workers Union James Mark
Travelers Scott H. Richert, CSP, ARM, ALCM
Tritech Fall Protection Systems, Inc. John Seto, P.E
Craig Siciliani
UL LLC Steven D. Corrado
G.W. Barrett
United Auto Workers Tom Kinman
Matthew S. Uptmor
U.S. Air Force Safety Center Mark S. Kantorowicz
Robert Baker
U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Shawn Smith
Shaun Reed
U.S. Department of Interior – BSEE John M. Cushing, Jr.
Wilbon Rhome
U.S. Department of the Navy Basil Tominna, P.E.
Shawn Smith
Vertical Access LLC Kelly Streeter, P.E.
Keith Luscinski
WJE Daniel Gach, AIA, NCARB
Jason Kamman, CSP
Walt Disney Company Ken Young, P.E.
Ian Bevan
Western Area Power Administration Patrick T. Nies
Will Schnyer
2. Definitions...................................................................................................... 10
3. Requirements................................................................................................. 10
3.1 Design Requirements............................................................................ 10
3.2 Attachment Element Requirements....................................................... 12
3.3 Component Requirements..................................................................... 17
4. Qualification Testing....................................................................................... 19
4.2 Test Equipment...................................................................................... 19
4.3 Test Procedures..................................................................................... 20
7. References..................................................................................................... 26
Figures............................................................................................................... 27
1.1 Scope. This standard establishes requirements E1.1 See Figures 1a through 1e for five basic ex-
for the performance, design, marking, qualification, amples of full body harnesses covered under this
instruction, training, test methods, inspection, use, standard. Figures 1f through 1h show example har-
maintenance and removal from service of full body nesses and belts that are not acceptable for use
harnesses (FBH). FBHs are used for fall arrest, po- under the requirements of this standard.
sitioning, travel restraint, suspension and/or rescue
applications for users within the capacity range of At the time of this standard’s development, insuf-
130 to 310 pounds (59 to 140 kg). ficient scientific data existed regarding the use of
FBHs outside of the weight capacity defined.
1.2.2 This standard applies only to FBHs and auxil- E1.2.2 Integrated and non-integrated equipment
iary equipment designed specifically for use as part such as a vest, suspension seat and extended
of the FBH. dorsal or specialized attachment elements are in-
cluded within this standard. FBH including energy
absorbing lanyards that cannot be tested separately
are outside of the scope of this standard.
1.2.5 FBHs which meet this standard are intended E1.2.5 It is essential that the users of this type of
to be used with other components of a system that equipment receive proper training and instruction,
limits maximum arrest force to 1,800 pounds (8 kN) including detailed procedures for the safe use of
or less. such equipment in their work application. Refer to
ANSI/ASSE Z359.2, Minimum Requirements for a
Comprehensive Managed Fall Protection Program,
for guidance on training requirements. Proper fit of
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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1.3 Exceptions.
1.3.1 This standard does not apply to body belts E1.3.1 The US Occupational Safety and Health
which are not attached to a FBH. Administration (OSHA) has deemed body belts un-
suitable for fall arrest.
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2. DEFINITIONS
3. REQUIREMENTS
3.1.4 All FBHs shall permanently incorporate a E3.1.4 See Figure 1a through 1e. It has been dem-
waist belt or back strap, or other means of control- onstrated that under certain conditions it is possible
ling the separation of the shoulder straps on the for the wearer’s upper body to pass through the
back of the FBH. When the FBH is mounted per opening between the dorsal crossover point and the
manufacturer’s instructions onto the test torso de- leg straps if a back strap or waist belt are not pres-
fined in 4.2.2, some portion of the back strap or ent. An acceptable example of other means would
waist belt shall be located between datum levels be integration of the control element into harness
G and K. padding such as a shoulder and back pad or waist
belt.
3.1.5 Modular components or assemblies for FBHs E3.1.5 These items are not viewed as standalone
designed for the removal of different attachment el- products and are for use with a FBH of intended
ements (such as suspension seats or belts) shall design.
meet the specific attachment element requirements
of Section 3 while attached to a compatible FBH.
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3.1.9 All FBHs shall include strap retainers (keep- E3.1.9 See Figure 1a.
ers) or other components which serve to control the
loose ends of straps.
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3.1.12 All single point attachment elements shall be E3.1.12 Dorsal, frontal, sternal and waist are single
located laterally within 2 inches (51 mm) of the ver- point attachment elements allowed by this stan-
tical centerline of the FBH. dard. Single point attachments can be either single
elements on the FBH, or multiple FBH elements in-
tended to be attached at a single point with a cara-
biner, snaphook or other method.
3.1.14 FBHs that do not include a sub-pelvic strap E3.1.14 FBHs without a sub-pelvic strap are used in
shall incorporate both frontal and sternal attach- applications where the user is suspended from the
ment elements, an integral waist belt and leg loop frontal/sternal connections.
suspension straps (satisfying the requirements
specified in 3.3), two at the front and two at the
rear, all integrally attached to the waist belt (see
Figure 1d).
3.2 Attachment Element Requirements. E3.2 This section contains design, performance
and use requirements specific to each allowable
attachment element incorporated into a FBH.
3.2.1 Dorsal. The dorsal attachment element shall E3.2.1 See Figure 2(b).
be located as shown in Figure 4, and used as the
fall arrest attachment, unless the application al-
lows the use of an alternate attachment as defined
in 3.2.2 or 3.2.3.
3.2.1.3.1 Dynamic Feet First. When tested in ac- E3.2.1.3.1 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
cordance with 4.3.3 using the dorsal attachment age does not constitute failure.
element, the FBH shall meet the following criteria:
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3.2.1.3.2 Dynamic Head First. When tested in ac- E3.2.1.3.2 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
cordance with 4.3.4 using the dorsal attachment age does not constitute failure.
element, the FBH shall meet the following criteria:
3.2.1.3.3 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.1.3.3 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the dorsal attachment ele- age does not constitute failure. Movement of the at-
ment, the FBH shall meet the following criteria: tachment element and any stretch out is expected.
3.2.1.3.4 Fall Arrest Indicator Test. When tested E3.2.1.3.4 Some harness designs may incorporate
in accordance with 4.3.6 using the dorsal attach- multiple fall arrest indicators for the same attach-
ment element, at least one fall arrest indicator shall ment element. Deployment of one indicator is suf-
deploy visibly and permanently. ficient to pass the criteria, even if more than one is
present.
3.2.2 Sternal. The sternal attachment may be lo- E3.2.2 See Figure 2(a) & 4. The sternal attachment
cated as shown in Figure 4, and used as an alter- element should be used only when the likely fall
native fall arrest attachment in applications where distance is not greater than 2 ft.
the dorsal attachment is determined to be inappro-
priate by a competent person and where there is
no chance to fall in a direction other than feet first.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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3.2.2.3.1 Dynamic Feet First. When tested in ac- E3.2.2.3.1 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
cordance with 4.3.3 using the sternal attachment age does not constitute failure.
element, the FBH shall meet the following criteria:
3.2.2.3.2 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.2.3.2 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the sternal attachment ele- age does not constitute failure. Movement of at-
ment, the FBH shall meet the following criteria: tachment elements and any stretch out is expected.
3.2.2.3.3 Fall Arrest Indicator Test. If the har- E3.2.2.3.3 Some harness designs may incorporate
ness is equipped with a fall arrest indicator for the multiple fall arrest indicators for the same attach-
sternal attachment element, when tested in accor- ment element. Deployment of one indicator is suf-
dance with 4.3.6 using the sternal attachment ele- ficient to pass the criteria, even if more than one is
ment, at least one fall arrest indicator shall deploy present.
visibly and permanently.
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3.2.3 Frontal. The frontal attachment shall be lo- E3.2.3 See Figure 2(a) and 4.
cated as shown in Figure 4, and serves as a ladder
climbing connection for guided type fall arresters
where there is no chance to fall in a direction other
than feet first. It may also be used for work position-
ing, travel restraint or rescue.
3.2.3.1.2 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.3.1.2 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the frontal attachment ele- age does not constitute failure. Movement of the at-
ment, the FBH shall meet the following criteria: tachment element and any stretch out is expected.
3.2.4. Shoulder. The shoulder attachment ele- E3.2.4 See Figure 2(a).
ments shall be used as a pair, and are an accept-
able attachment for rescue and entry/retrieval. The
shoulder attachment elements shall not be used for
fall arrest.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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3.2.4.1.1 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.4.1.1 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the shoulder attachment age does not constitute failure. Movement of the at-
elements, the FBH shall meet the following criteria: tachment elements and any stretch out is expected.
3.2.5 Waist, Rear. The waist, rear attachment E3.2.5 See Figure 2(b).
shall be used solely for travel restraint. The waist,
rear attachment element shall not be used for fall
arrest.
3.2.5.2.1 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.5.2.1 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the waist, rear attachment age does not constitute failure. Movement of at-
element, the FBH shall meet the following criteria: tachment elements and any stretch out is expected.
3.2.6 Hip. The hip attachment elements shall be E3.2.6 See Figure 2(a).
used as a pair, and shall be used solely for work
positioning or travel restraint. The hip attachment
elements shall not be used for fall arrest.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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3.2.6.1.1 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.6.1.1 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the hip attachment element, age does not constitute failure. Movement of at-
the FBH shall meet the following criteria: tachment elements and any stretch out is expected.
3.2.7 Suspension Seat. The suspension seat at- E3.2.7 See Figure 2(a).
tachment elements shall be used as a pair, and
shall be used solely for work positioning. The sus-
pension seat attachment elements shall not be
used for fall arrest.
3.2.7.1.1 Static Feet First. When tested in accor- E3.2.7.1.1 Broken stitching or other incidental dam-
dance with 4.3.5 using the suspension seat attach- age does not constitute failure. Movement of at-
ment element, the FBH shall meet the following tachment elements and any stretch out is expected.
criteria:
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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3.3.1 Load Bearing Straps. E3.3.1 Other non-load bearing straps incorporated
into the FBH to facilitate ease of use do not have to
meet the requirements of this standard.
3.3.1.3 Straps shall be made from pure, non-re- E3.3.1.3 Pure or non-recycled fibers are classified
cycled synthetic material having the strength, ag- as virgin (polypropylene does not meet the equiva-
ing, abrasion and heat resistance characteristics lent characteristic due primarily to heat and aging).
equivalent or superior to polyamide or polyester. Polyamides are commonly referred to as nylon in
Synthetic materials other than those stated herein industry.
are permitted only when it can be demonstrated
by testing that all requirements of this standard are
met and, additionally, that the durability, reliability
and other properties pertinent to the intended uses
have been evaluated and determined suitable by
testing. Any restrictions on the use of such materi-
als shall be marked on the FBH.
3.3.1.6 Straps in contact with metal connectors at E3.3.1.6 Straps can be protected by means of
attachment elements and tongue buckles shall be looped webbing, leather, inserts, sleeves, etc.
protected from wear.
3.3.2.1 All thread shall be of the same material as E3.3.2.1 Thread and load bearing straps need to
the load bearing straps. be of the same material to ensure that all of the
synthetic materials that are used in the construction
of the FBH have the same performance in environ-
mental conditions.
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3.3.3.2 Soft loop attachments may be used in place E3.3.3.2 Due to the nature of soft loop connections,
of metal connecting components at all FBH attach- it is recommended that soft loop attachments only
ment element locations. be used to connect with other soft loops or cara-
biners. Snaphooks should not be used unless ap-
proved for the application by the manufacturer.
3.3.3.3 Soft loop attachments shall be constructed E3.3.3.3 Section 3.3.1.1 is excluded so as to allow
using material that meets the requirements of Sec- soft loops which are constructed from material less
tion 3.3.1, excluding section 3.3.1.1. than 1-5/8 inches (41 mm) in width.
4. QUALIFICATION TESTING
4.1 All FBHs shall undergo qualification and veri- E4.1 ANSI/ASSE Z359.7 specifies requirements
fication testing according to ANSI/ASSE Z359.7, for the qualification and verification testing of all
Qualification and Verification Testing of Fall Protec- Z359 fall protection products. These requirements
tion Products. include the number of specimens to be tested, the
test equipment to be used, the accreditation of the
testing laboratory and the duties and responsibili-
ties of the manufacturer and the testing laboratory.
4.2.2 Test Torso. The torso shaped test weight E4.2.2 The test torso remains at 220 pounds
used for testing FBHs shall be constructed of rigid (100kg), the same as previous standards and the
material with hard wood surfaces in accordance fall height is changed to regulate the peak impact
with dimensions set forth in Figures 5 and 6, and load to 3,600 pounds (16kN) or two times the fore-
shall weigh 220 +/- 2 pounds (100 +/- 1 kg). seeable impact load.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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4.2.7 Test Shackles. Test shackles shall be 1/2- E4.2.7 To be used as connectors between the test
inch (13mm) and of the screw pin anchor type. structure, test lanyards, torso and FBH specimen
for both dynamic and static testing.
4.2.8 Test Yoke. Test yokes shall be constructed E4.2.8 See Figure 9. To be used as a test connec-
in accordance with 4.2.3 and Figure 9 in a “Y” ar- tion between bi-lateral attachment elements, i.e.
rangement of sufficient length to facilitate the spe- hip, shoulder and suspension seat.
cific test.
4.3.1 Each test described in Section 4.3 may use E4.3.1 Multiple tests may be performed on an indi-
a new FBH. vidual FBH to reduce testing costs. If a failure were
to occur on a sample that had been previously test-
ed, the test may be repeated using a new sample.
4.3.3 Dynamic Feet First Drop Test. Use the E4.3.3 For most polyester FBHs, a drop height of
drop test structure, test torso, test lanyard, test 48 inches (122cm) will generate an impact load over
shackles, test instrumentation and quick release 3,600 pounds (16kN). It is intended that by requiring
mechanism as specified in 4.2. a minimum load of 3,600 pounds (16 kN) as op-
posed to establishing a minimum drop height, test
a) For a FBH with a sliding dorsal attachment ele- labs will be able to adjust the drop test height to the
ment, position the bearing point of the attach- harness design and reduce unnecessary loading
ment element on the FBH in accordance with on the test equipment.
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manufacturer’s instructions.
b) Attach the hoist/quick-release mechanism to FBH Stretch (Hs) is a component of Stretch Out (Xw),
the neck of the test torso and raise as needed as defined in ANSI/ASSE Z359.6. Stretch out (Xw)
to attach the test lanyard from the point of the includes other contributing factors such as D-ring
test anchorage to the attachment element of the flip and straightening of the user’s body. See ANSI/
FBH using test shackles. Connection to bilateral ASSE Z359.6 for calculations of fall clearances.
attachment elements shall be through the use
of the test yoke described in 4.2.8, except those
described in 3.1.13, which will be connected at a
single point.
c) Using the hoist, lower the torso to an elevation
where all slack is removed from the test lanyard
and connecting components, but not placing a
load on the attachment element.
d) For dorsal, sternal and frontal attachment ele-
ments; measure and record the initial height (Hi)
as the vertical distance from the lowest point on
the test torso to the floor.
e) Raise the torso to a height necessary to apply a
peak impact load of not less than 3,600 pounds
(16kN) to the attachment element(s) of the FBH
when released.
f) Release the test torso and evaluate the FBH in
accordance with requirements in Section 3.2 for
the attachment element(s) being tested.
g) Measure and record the MAF. Any failure above
4,000 pounds negates the test, and the test has
to be repeated; however any pass above 3,600
pounds is acceptable.
h) For dorsal, sternal and frontal attachment ele-
ments; measure and record the final height (Hf)
as the vertical distance from the lowest point on
the test torso to the floor, post fall. To calculate
FBH stretch (Hs): Hs = Hi - Hf.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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4.3.6 Fall Arrest Indicator Test. Use the drop test E4.3.6 It is the intention to subject the attachment
structure, test torso, test lanyard test shackles, test element to a minimal fall using a compliant lanyard
instrumentation and quick release mechanism as to ensure that the fall arrest indicator will deploy.
specified in 4.2.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
4.3.7 Static Feet First Test For Lanyard Parking E4.3.7 The lanyard attached to the lanyard parking
Attachment Element. Use the static test equip- attachment element should pull up in relation to the
ment, test torso, lanyard and shackles as specified torso during the test.
in 4.2. Attach the FBH to the torso as described in
4.3.2. When the design of the lanyard parking at-
tachment does not deviate from a previously tested
model of FBH for a given manufacturer, the lanyard
parking attachment element testing need not be re-
peated.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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5.2.1 Instructions shall be provided to the user in E5.2.1 The instructions may be affixed directly to
English, and affixed to the equipment at the time of the FBH or by individually packaging the FBH and
shipment from the manufacturer. instructions together.
5.2.2 Instructions shall contain the following infor- E5.2.2 Inspection should normally occur prior to
mation: each use of the harness by the user and at a mini-
mum of once a year by a competent person.
a) Annex A in its entirety, either incorporated in the
manufacturer’s instructions, as an appendix to
the manufacturer’s instructions, or separately
provided with the product along with the manu-
facturer’s instructions.
b) A statement that the manufacturer’s instructions
shall be provided to the users.
c) Manufacturer’s name, address and telephone
number.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
a) Altering equipment.
b) Misusing equipment.
c) Using combinations of components or sub-sys-
tems, or both, which may affect or interfere with
the safe function of each other.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
7. REFERENCES
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Adjustable
Chest Strap
Strap Retainer
Back Strap
Buckle
Lanyard Parking
Attachment
Buckle
Leg Loops Buckle Leg Loops
Sub-pelvic
Strap
Back Front
Chest Strap
Lanyard Parking
Attachment Strap Retainer
Buckle
Buckle
Buckle Buckle
Leg Loops
Sub-pelvic
Leg Loops Strap
Back
BACK
Front
FRONT
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Chest Strap
Lanyard Parking
Attachment Shoulder Strap
Retainer
Waist Strap
Body Pad
Buckle Buckle
Leg Loops
Leg Loops
Sub-pelvic
Strap
Back Front
Sternal Attachment
Frontal Attachment
Leg Loop
Buckle Suspension Straps
Leg Loop
Suspension Straps Leg Loops
Leg Loops
Back Front
Figure 1d: Example of a Typical
Y-Style Full Body Harness
Drawings © Copyright
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28 SAFETY ENGINEERS
ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Dorsal
Attachment
Strap
retainer
Buckle
Back
BACK Front
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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Back Front
Back Front
BACK
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Back Front
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Shoulder
(used in pairs only)
Sternal
Saddle Saddle
(used in (used in pairs only)
pairs only)
Hip
(used in pairs only)
Drawings © Copyright
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Dorsal
Waist, Rear
Drawings © Copyright
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Post-Test Post-Test
Anchorage Anchorage
I-Beam I-Beam
Hoist
Quick Release
Mechanism
Test Torso
Pre-Test
HS
HI
HS = HI - HF HF
Ground
Drawings © Copyright
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
2 in (5.08 cm)
Drawings © Copyright
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Vertical
Center Line
245
540
Ø152
12
50 4 7
50 A
35° 1 B
1 C
1 D
2 E-1
E
2 F
49 2 G
860+15 mm
Typ
Center of Gravity
2 H
2 I
2 66 J
80
23 45 3 326 K
3 L
3 M
3 N
95 5 6
Ø152 5
400 8
262
Shapes are approximate
Note: Information on the source of supply of the torso may
Materials:
be obtained from the Canadian Standards Association
Sections 1-,2- and 3- hard wood
(see reference 7.3), and the secretariat of this standard.
Sections 4-,5- and 6- lead
Sections 7-, and 8- steel
Note: All dimensions are in millimeters.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
75°
90°
105°
120°
Front 135°
180° 165° 150°
A 72 71 77 83 87 85 84 82 86 85 81 78 77
B 70 72 78 96 135 166 160 165 182 164 134 119 114
C 92 95 106 130 164 188 245 243 200 182 157 142 138
D 104 107 117 130 153 178 235 273 213 181 162 144 138
E-1 105 106 108 117 131 153 175 176 160 148 141 139 138
E 104 105 108 117 131 153 175 174 159 146 140 138 138
F 104 105 108 116 130 152 173 174 163 149 142 139 138
G 102 103 106 114 128 149 170 174 162 149 142 139 138
H 102 102 106 114 127 146 166 171 161 150 142 139 138
I 95 98 104 114 127 146 165 169 159 150 145 139 135
J 71 75 82 101 123 146 163 167 158 151 138 124 122
K 108 111 121 141 173 192 195 198 190 166 137 123 120
L 127 131 144 170 193 198 198 201 196 165 137 124 121
M — 105 157 173 181 184 186 190 193 167 140 125 —
N — — 120 162 171 181 182 189 186 140 125 — —
Note: Information on the source of supply of the torso may be obtained from the Canadian
Standards Association (see reference 7.3), and the secretariat of this standard.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
30° Maximum
Torso Center of
Gravity
Vertical Center
line of Torso
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
50° Maximum
Torso Center of
Gravity
Vertical Center
line of Torso
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
Pear Link
)
th
ng
Le
u al
Eq
gs
Le
h
ot
(B
ed
ed
Aircraft Cable
Ne
Note: Information on the source of supply of the torso may be obtained from the Canadian
Standards Association (see reference 7.3), and the secretariat of this standard.
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SAFETY ENGINEERS
ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
ANSI Z359.11–2014
ANSI Z359.11–2014
ANSI Z359 Recognizes the use of this
harness only within
ANSI Z359 the capacity
Recognizes range
the use ofof:
this
harness only130–310
within thelbs.
capacity range of:
130–310 lbs.
ABCXYZ123456789
ABCXYZ123456789
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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Annex A – Normative
Note: This information from the Z359.11 standard is required to be included in the instruction
manual for the end user:
ANSI/ASSE Z359 Requirements for Proper Use and Maintenance of Full Body Harnesses
(Note: These are general requirements and information provided by ANSI/ASSE Z359, the Manufacturer
of this equipment may impose more stringent restrictions on the use of the products they manufacture,
see the Manufacturer’s instructions.)
1. It is essential that the users of this type of equipment receive proper training and instruction, including
detailed procedures for the safe use of such equipment in their work application. ANSI/ASSE Z359.2, Mini-
mum Requirements for a Comprehensive Managed Fall Protection Program, establishes guidelines and
requirements for an employer’s managed fall protection program, including policies, duties and training; fall
protection procedures; eliminating and controlling fall hazards; rescue procedures; incident investigations;
and evaluating program effectiveness.
2. Correct fit of a Full Body Harness is essential to proper performance. Users must be trained to select
the size and maintain the fit of their Full Body Harness.
3. Users must follow manufacturer’s instructions for proper fit and sizing, paying particular attention to
ensure that buckles are connected and aligned correctly, leg straps and shoulder straps are kept snug at
all times, chest straps are located in the middle chest area and leg straps are positioned and snug to avoid
contact with the genitalia should a fall occur.
4. Full Body Harnesses which meet ANSI/ASSE Z359.11 are intended to be used with other components
of a Personal Fall Arrest system that limit maximum arrest forces to 1800 pounds (8 kN) or less.
5. Suspension intolerance, also called suspension trauma or orthostatic intolerance, is a serious condition
that can be controlled with good harness design, prompt rescue and post fall suspension relief devices.
A conscious user may deploy a suspension relief device allowing the user to remove tension from around
the legs, freeing blood flow, which can delay the onset of suspension intolerance. An attachment element
extender is not intended to be attached directly to an anchorage or anchorage connector for fall arrest. An
energy absorber must be used to limit maximum arrest forces to 1800 pounds (8 kN). The length of the
attachment element extender may affect free fall distances and free fall clearance calculations.
6. Full Body Harness (FBH) Stretch, the amount the FBH component of a personal fall arrest system will
stretch and deform during a fall, can contribute to the overall elongation of the system in stopping a fall. It
is important to include the increase in fall distance created by FBH Stretch, as well as the FBH connector
length, the settling of the user’s body in the FBH and all other contributing factors when calculating total
clearance required for a particular fall arrest system.
7. When not in use, unused lanyard legs that are still attached to a Full Body Harness D-ring should not be
attached to a work positioning element or any other structural element on the Full Body Harness unless
deemed acceptable by the competent person and manufacturer of the lanyard. This is especially important
when using some types of “Y” style lanyards, as some load may be transmitted to the user through the
unused lanyard leg if it is not able to release from the harness. The lanyard parking attachment is generally
located in the sternal area to help reduce tripping and entanglement hazards.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
for Full Body Harnesses
8. Loose ends of straps can get caught in machinery or cause accidental disengagement of an adjuster.
All Full Body Harnesses shall include keepers or other components which serve to control the loose ends
of straps.
9. Due to the nature of soft loop connections, it is recommended that soft loop attachments only be used
to connect with other soft loops or carabiners. Snaphooks should not be used unless approved for the ap-
plication by the manufacturer.
Sections 11-17 provide additional information concerning the location and use of various attach-
ments that may be provided on this FBH.
10. Dorsal – The dorsal attachment element shall be used as the primary fall arrest attachment, unless the
application allows the use of an alternate attachment. The dorsal attachment may also be used for travel
restraint or rescue. When supported by the dorsal attachment during a fall, the design of the Full Body Har-
ness shall direct load through the shoulder straps supporting the user, and around the thighs. Supporting
the user, post fall, by the dorsal attachment will result in an upright body position with a slight lean to the
front with some slight pressure to the lower chest. Considerations should be made when choosing a sliding
versus fixed dorsal attachment element. Sliding dorsal attachments are generally easier to adjust to differ-
ent user sizes, and allow a more vertical rest position post fall, but can increase FBH Stretch.
11. Sternal – The sternal attachment may be used as an alternative fall arrest attachment in applications
where the dorsal attachment is determined to be inappropriate by a competent person, and where there is
no chance to fall in a direction other than feet first. Accepted practical uses for a sternal attachment include,
but are not limited to, ladder climbing with a guided type fall arrester, ladder climbing with an overhead
self-retracting lifeline for fall arrest, work positioning and rope access. The sternal attachment may also be
used for travel restraint or rescue.
When supported by the sternal attachment during a fall, the design of the Full Body Harness shall direct
load through the shoulder straps supporting the user, and around the thighs. Supporting the user, post fall,
by the sternal attachment will result in roughly a sitting or cradled body position with weight concentrated
on the thighs, buttocks and lower back. Supporting the user during work positioning by this sternal attach-
ment will result in an approximate upright body position.
If the sternal attachment is used for fall arrest, the competent person evaluating the application should
take measures to ensure that a fall can only occur feet first. This may include limiting the allowable free
fall distance. It may be possible for a sternal attachment incorporated into an adjustable style chest strap
to cause the chest strap to slide up and possibly choke the user during a fall, extraction, suspension, etc.
The competent person should consider Full Body Harness models with a fixed sternal attachment for these
applications.
12. Frontal – The frontal attachment serves as a ladder climbing connection for guided type fall arresters
where there is no chance to fall in a direction other than feet first, or may be used for work positioning.
Supporting the user, post fall or during work positioning, by the frontal attachment will result in a sitting
body position, with the upper torso upright, with weight concentrated on the thighs and buttocks. When
supported by the frontal attachment the design of the Full Body Harness shall direct load directly around
the thighs and under the buttocks by means of the sub-pelvic strap.
If the frontal attachment is used for fall arrest, the competent person evaluating the application should
take measures to ensure that a fall can only occur feet first. This may include limiting the allowable free fall
distance.
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ANSI/ASSE Z359.11-2014 American National Standard Safety Requirements
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13. Shoulder – The shoulder attachment elements shall be used as a pair, and are an acceptable attach-
ment for rescue and entry/retrieval. The shoulder attachment elements shall not be used for fall arrest. It is
recommended that the shoulder attachment elements be used in conjunction with a yoke which incorpo-
rates a spreader element to keep the Full Body Harness shoulder straps separate.
14. Waist, Rear – The waist, rear attachment shall be used solely for travel restraint. The waist, rear at-
tachment element shall not be used for fall arrest. Under no circumstances is it acceptable to use the waist,
rear attachment for purposes other than travel restraint. The waist, rear attachment shall only be subjected
to minimal loading through the waist of the user, and shall never be used to support the full weight of the
user.
15. Hip – The hip attachment elements shall be used as a pair, and shall be used solely for work position-
ing. The hip attachment elements shall not be used for fall arrest. Hip attachments are often used for work
positioning by arborists, utility workers climbing poles and construction workers tying rebar and climbing
on form walls. Users are cautioned against using the hip attachment elements (or any other rigid point on
the Full Body Harness) to store the unused end of a fall arrest lanyard, as this may cause a tripping hazard,
or, in the case multiple leg lanyards, could cause adverse loading to the Full Body Harness and the wearer
through the unused portion of the lanyard.
16. Suspension seat – The suspension seat attachment elements shall be used as a pair, and shall be
used solely for work positioning. The suspension seat attachment elements shall not be used for fall arrest.
Suspension seat attachments are often used for prolonged work activities where the user is suspended,
allowing the user to sit on the suspension seat formed between the two attachment elements. An example
of this use would be window washers on large buildings.
Users of personal fall arrest systems shall, at a minimum, comply with all manufacturer instructions regard-
ing the inspection, maintenance and storage of the equipment. The user’s organization shall retain the
manufacturer’s instructions and make them readily available to all users. See ANSI/ASSE Z359.2, Mini-
mum Requirements for a Comprehensive Managed Fall Protection Program, regarding user inspection,
maintenance and storage of equipment.
1. In addition to the inspection requirements set forth in the manufacturer’s instructions, the equipment
shall be inspected by the user before each use and, additionally, by a competent person, other than the
user, at interval of no more than one year for:
2. Inspection criteria for the equipment shall be set by the user’s organization. Such criteria for the equip-
ment shall equal or exceed the criteria established by this standard or the manufacturer’s instructions,
whichever is greater.
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3. When inspection reveals defects in, damage to, or inadequate maintenance of equipment, the equipment
shall be permanently removed from service or undergo adequate corrective maintenance, by the original
equipment manufacturer or their designate, before return to service.
1. Maintenance and storage of equipment shall be conducted by the user’s organization in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions. Unique issues, which may arise due to conditions of use, shall be
addressed with the manufacturer.
2. Equipment which is in need of, or scheduled for, maintenance shall be tagged as unusable and removed
from service.
3. Equipment shall be stored in a manner as to preclude damage from environmental factors such as tem-
perature, light, UV, excessive moisture, oil, chemicals and their vapors or other degrading elements.
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END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
1. GRANT OF LICENSE: Subject to the provisions contained herein and to the payment of all
applicable fees, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) grants you a nonexclusive, non-
transferable license to the materials contained herewith (the "Product"). Your licensed rights to the
Product are limited to the following:
(a) This License Agreement does not convey to you an interest in or to the Product, but only a limited
right of use revocable in accordance with the terms of this License Agreement.
(b) You may install one copy of the Product on, and permit access to it by, a single computer owned,
leased or otherwise controlled by you. In the event that computer becomes dysfunctional, such that you
are unable to access the Product, you may transfer the Product to another computer, provided that the
Product is removed from the computer from which it is transferred and the use of the Product on the
replacement computer otherwise complies with the terms of this Agreement. Neither concurrent use on
two or more computers nor use in a local area network or other network is permitted. You shall not
merge, adapt, translate, modify, rent, lease, sell, sublicense, assign, loan or give to or otherwise transfer
any of the Product, or copies thereof, or remove any proprietary notice or label appearing on any of the
Product to any individual or entity for any reason or purpose. You may copy the Product only for backup
purposes.
(c) You acknowledge and agree that the Product is proprietary to the Copyright holder (the "Owner")
identified on the front page of the Product, and is protected under U.S. copyright law and international
copyright treaties. You further acknowledge and agree that all right, title and interest in and to the
Product, including all intellectual property rights, are and shall remain entirely with the Owner.
(d) You shall provide ASSE or any designee of ASSE with all information necessary to assure
compliance with the terms of this Agreement. In the event you are not in compliance with the terms of
this Agreement through the actions of unrelated third parties, you shall use your best efforts to cooperate
with ASSE and any of its designees to assure compliance.
2. LIMITED WARRANTY:
(a) ASSE warrants for your benefit alone that, unless disclosed in the Product to the contrary, ASSE and
the Owner can license the Product and all copyright and trademarks related thereto or therein.
(b) THE EXPRESS WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION 2 CONSTITUTE THE ONLY
WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT AND ASSE AND THE OWNER MAKE NO
OTHER REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND, WHETHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED (EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW) WITH RESPECT TO
ANY OF THE PRODUCT, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WITH RESPECT TO THE
SUFFICIENCY, ACCURACY OR UTILIZATION OF, OR ANY INFORMATION OR OPINION
CONTAINED OR REFLECTED IN, ANY OF THE PRODUCT. ASSE AND THE OWNER
EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO OFFICER, DIRECTOR, EMPLOYEE, MEMBER,
AGENT, CONSULTANT, CONTRACTOR, REPRESENTATIVE OR PUBLISHER OF THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDER IS AUTHORIZED TO MAKE ANY MODIFICATION, EXTENSION, OR
ADDITION TO THIS LIMITED WARRANTY.
3. INDEMNIFICATION:
The Owner, ASSE, any agent, representative, publisher or distributor of the Product, or any of their
respective directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives or members (the “ASSE and Owner
Indemnified Parties”) shall have no liability for, and you shall defend, indemnify and hold each of the
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obligation and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) based upon or arising out of any injury or
damage, or any product liability claim, including but not limited to, any personal or bodily injury or
property damage, arising out of, pertaining to, or resulting in any way from, the use or possession of any
of the Product by you and/or any of your directors, officers, employees, representatives, agents or
contractors.
4. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY:
a) You acknowledge that each of ASSE and Owner's obligations and liabilities with respect to the Product
are exhaustively defined in this Agreement. You are responsible for the consequences of any use of any of
the Product (whether or not such use was consistent with the license granted hereunder) created
therefrom. Whether or not ASSE or Owner has been advised of their possibility, neither ASSE nor Owner
nor any of its representatives or agents, directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives or
members, shall be liable, whether under contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise, for any
indirect, special, punitive, incidental or consequential loss, damage, cost or expense of any kind
whatsoever and howsoever caused, that may be suffered by you or any of your directors, officers,
employees, agents, representatives or contractors or any third party.
b) If at any time an allegation of infringement of any rights of any third party is made, or in ASSE or
Owner's opinion is likely to be made, with respect to any of the Product, ASSE may, at its option and at
its own expense (i) obtain for you the right to continue using the Product, (ii) modify or replace the
Product or any portion thereof so as to avoid any such claim of infringements, or (iii) refund to you the
License Fee. ASSE shall have no liability to you if any claim of infringement would have been avoided
except for your refusal to use any modified or replacement Product supplied or offered to be supplied
pursuant to this Section 4(b) or to otherwise cease using the Product. Notwithstanding anything contained
in this Agreement, and except as set forth in Section 4(b) hereof, ASSE and/or Owner's liability to you for
damages pursuant to this Section 4(b), if any, shall not exceed the amounts of the License Fee paid by you
for the Product subject to any such claim.
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c) Section 4(b) state the entire liability of ASSE and Owner with respect to the infringement or alleged
infringement of any third party rights of any kind whatsoever by any of the Product.
5. TERMINATION: This Agreement may be terminated immediately by Owner or ASSE upon breach
of any provision of this Agreement by you. Upon any termination of this Agreement, you shall
immediately discontinue the use of the Product and shall within ten (10) days either return files(s) on
diskette(s), if any, to ASSE or certify in writing to ASSE that the Product has been deleted from your
computer and is eliminated from your premises.
6. GOVERNING LAW: This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Illinois without
reference to its conflict of laws provisions and you further consent to jurisdiction by the state and federal
courts sitting in the State of Illinois.
7. MISCELLANEOUS: This Agreement constitutes the complete and exclusive agreement between
ASSE and you with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supercedes all prior oral or written
understandings, communications or agreements not specifically incorporated herein. This Agreement may
not be modified except in writing duly signed by an authorized representative of ASSE and you. If any
provision of this Agreement is held to be unenforceable for any reason, such provision shall be reformed
only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable, and such decision shall not affect the enforceability (i)
of such provision under other circumstances, or (ii) of the remaining provisions hereof under all
circumstances. Headings shall not be considered in interpreting the Agreement.
8. EXPORT: You may not load or export or re-export any of the Product or any underlying information
or technology except in full compliance with all United States and other applicable laws and regulations.
BY ACCESSING THE PRODUCT, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ THE
TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT AND AGREE TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS.
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