Test Bank for Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 8th Edition : DeBruyne

Test Bank for Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 8th Edition

: DeBruyne

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264

Chapter 7 – Weight Management: Overweight and Underweight

Answer, K/A, page(s) K = knowledge question; A = application question

True/False
T K 161 1. Genetics influences the way the body consumes, stores, and spends energy.

F A 163 2. Genetics alone determines a person’s susceptibility to obesity.

T K 161 3. Some research indicates that obese people have much more lipoprotein lipase activity in
their fat cells than lean people do.

T K 162 4. In lean people adipose tissue tends to secrete higher amounts of adiponectin than it does
in obese people.

F K 162 5. Most obese people have leptin deficiency.

F K 162 6. Ghrelin is a hormone produced in the stomach that acts much like leptin.

T K 171 7. On a sensible weight-control program, meals and snacks should include whole-grain
foods and fiber-rich vegetables.

T K 164 8. Television and sedentary video and computer entertainment contribute to obesity because
they have mostly replaced outdoor activity for many people.

T K 165 9. Health-promoting built environments may result in a healthier and leaner population.

T K 166 10. There is no such thing as cellulite.

Multiple Choice
c K 162 1. _____ is a hormone produced by the stomach cells that promotes positive energy balance
by stimulating appetite and promoting efficient energy storage.
a. Insulin
b. Leptin
c. Ghrelin
d. Yohimbe

b K 162-163 2. The development of excess fat cells is most likely to occur:

a. when you eat a large breakfast.
b. during late childhood and early puberty.
c. if you are inactive.
d. around the age of 40.

d K 163 3. The theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal
controls is referred to as the _____ theory.
a. environmental stimuli
b. genetics
c. learned behavior
d. set-point

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 265
d K 163-165 4. Which of the following is not an environmental stimulus that contributes to obesity?
a. the abundance of food available
b. an increase in portion sizes
c. energy-dense fast food
d. the year-round availability of fresh fruits and vegetables

d K 164 5. Fast food contributes to obesity because it generally provides:

a. nutrient-dense foods.
b. smaller portions.
c. plenty of low-kcalorie choices.
d. large portions and energy-dense foods.

b K 164, 165 6. The psychological desire to eat is referred to as:

a. satiety.
b. appetite.
c. hunger.
d. obesity.

b K 164 7. Which of the following is the best example of the link between food behavior and
emotions?
a. someone who eats fast food for lunch every day
b. someone who would rather sit home and eat than ask a friend to go to a movie and
risk rejection
c. someone who always eats popcorn while watching a movie
d. a pregnant women who craves pickles

c A 164 8. Susie has been overweight for many years. She tends to eat when she is not really hungry
and eats more food when she is angry or depressed. Which of the following theories
could explain Susie’s problem of overweight?
a. lipoprotein lipase
b. set-point theory
c. learned behavior
d. genetics

d K 165 9. The question of whether a person should lose weight depends on all of the following
except:
a. the extent of overweight.
b. age.
c. health.
d. basal metabolic rate.

a K 166 10. _____ is an amphetamine-like substance once available over the counter for weight loss
that was banned by the FDA due to many ill effects reported by consumers.
a. Ephedrine
b. Pyruvate
c. Chitosan
d. Yohimbe

d K 166-167 11. Which of the following statements is true regarding weight loss?
a. Laxatives promote weight loss.
b. Hot baths speed up metabolism.
c. Grapefruit juice melts body fat.
d. Unwise weight-loss techniques can be dangerous.

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266
b K 168 12. _____ is a prescription drug that works on the brain’s neurotransmitters to suppress
appetite.
a. Orlistat
b. Sibutramine
c. Olestra
d. Xenical

a K 168 13. _____ is a prescription drug used to treat obesity that reduces the absorption of fat.
a. Orlistat
b. Sibutramine
c. Olestra
d. Meridia

c K 168 14. The surgical approach to weight loss can often be justified in cases of:
a. BMI 25-30.
b. uncontrolled diabetes.
c. clinically severe obesity.
d. peptic ulcer disease.

a K 168 15. Weight-loss surgeries:

a. reduce the capacity of the stomach.
b. are dangerous and should be avoided.
c. have no complications.
d. worsen existing health conditions associated with obesity.

c K 168-169 16. Complications from weight-loss surgery include all of the following except:
a. infections.
b. nutritional deficiencies.
c. the development of diabetes.
d. psychological problems.

a K 168 17. The long-term safety and effectiveness of gastric surgery depend largely on:
a. compliance with dietary instructions.
b. avoidance of all fats.
c. following recommended food combining patterns.
d. regular monitoring of blood glucose levels.

a A 169-172 18. The secret to safe and permanent weight loss is a sensible approach involving:
a. physical activity and a healthy, low-kcalorie diet.
b. hormones and diet pills.
c. a very-low-kcalorie diet combined with excessive exercise.
d. herbal supplements and a low-kcalorie diet.

d K 169-170 19. Severe kcalorie restriction and rapid weight loss can result in all of the following except:
a. excessive loss of lean tissue.
b. a lower basal metabolism.
c. rapid regain of weight.
d. excessive loss of fat tissue.

c K 170, 177 20. In order to lose one pound per week, you would need to reduce your food intake by
_____ kcalories per day.
a. 100
b. 250
c. 500
d. 1000

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 267
b K 171 21. Women following a weight-loss diet may need supplements of _____.
a. amino acids and/or essential fatty acids
b. iron and/or calcium
c. sodium and/or potassium
d. vitamin C and/or calcium

a A 170-171 22. Donna currently weighs 160 pounds. How many kcalories should Donna consume daily
in order to lose weight while also meeting her nutritional needs?
a. 1200
b. 1600
c. 1800
d. 2000

c A 170 23. Jill currently weighs 180 pounds and has asked to be placed on a weight-loss diet to allow
her to lose two pounds a week. You tell Jill that she must cut _____ kcalories/day in
order to achieve this goal.
a. 500
b. 700
c. 1000
d. 1200

b K 170 24. Nutritional adequacy is difficult to achieve on fewer than _____ kcalories a day.
a. 1000
b. 1200
c. 1500
d. 1700

d A 170, 173 25. Sarah is trying to lose 10 pounds. Which of the following would you suggest?
a. Reduce your kcalorie intake by 100-200 kcalories a day and engage in 15 minutes of
exercise per day.
b. Ask your physician for a prescription for orlistat.
c. Replace two meals a day with a bowl of cereal.
d. Reduce your kcalorie intake by 300-500 kcalories a day and engage in at least 250
minutes of physical activity per week.

a K 171 26. On a sensible weight-loss plan, the nutrient from which most kcalories should be
consumed is:
a. carbohydrate.
b. fat.
c. protein.
d. vitamins.

d K 171 27. Compared to refined foods, high-fiber, unprocessed, or lightly processed foods aid in
weight loss because they provide:
a. less absorption, resulting in fewer kcalories.
b. a faster transit time through the intestinal tract.
c. the same number of kcalories in a larger amount of food.
d. bulk and satiety for fewer kcalories.

c A 172 28. An appropriate food to consume before a meal to increase one’s feeling of fullness is:
a. a cup of cream of chicken soup.
b. an unbuttered roll.
c. a cup of vegetable soup.
d. a breadstick dipped in olive oil.

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268
a A 172 29. Which food has the lowest energy density?
a. 15 fresh grapes
b. ½ cup rice
c. ½ cup ice cream
d. 16 baked chips

b K 172 30. The average U.S. diet delivers an estimated _____ kcalories a day from sweetened
beverages.
a. 50-75
b. 75-150
c. 160-185
d. 190-225

c K 173-174 31. The benefits of physical activity include all of the following except:
a. it speeds up basal metabolism.
b. it reduces abdominal obesity.
c. it lowers basal metabolism.
d. it may help to counteract the negative effects of excess body weight on health.

d K 173 32. The benefits of regular physical activity in weight loss include all of the following
except:
a. appetite control.
b. a long-term increase in basal metabolism.
c. stress reduction.
d. loss of lean body mass.

c K 173-174 33. Benefits of physical activity in a weight-control program include:

a. it helps a person to not think about food.
b. it decreases energy expenditure.
c. it speeds up basal metabolism.
d. it helps one “spot reduce.”

d K 173 34. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends _____ minutes of moderate-
intensity exercise per week for weight gain prevention.
a. 60
b. 90
c. 120
d. 150

c K 173 35. Basal metabolism remains elevated for _____ after intense and prolonged activity.
a. 30 minutes
b. 1 hour
c. several hours
d. 72 hours

a A 174-175 36. A good way to begin a safe and effective weight-loss program is to:
a. keep a food and activity diary.
b. reduce energy intake to 800 kcalories per day.
c. start on a Monday.
d. recognize that the feelings of starvation are inevitable.

d K 174 37. The best form of physical activity for a person who is trying to lose weight is:
a. running 5 miles at least 3 times a week.
b. walking 2 miles in 30 minutes.
c. a daily workout at the gym.
d. something he or she enjoys and will do regularly.

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 269
b A 175 38. Lucie is practicing good cognitive skills for weight loss when she tells herself:
a. “I shouldn’t have eaten that ice cream yesterday... no wonder I’m fat.”
b. “I was able to walk on the treadmill 15 minutes longer today than I could 2 weeks
ago... my fitness level is improving.”
c. “I really, really want to lose weight; I just can’t seem to succeed no matter how hard
I try.”
d. “I need to remember to stop by the grocery store and pick up some more fresh
vegetables for salads, and some light vinaigrette.”

c K 176 39. A key to preventing weight regain is to:

a. only check weight once a month.
b. avoid thinking thoughts that promote self-efficacy.
c. view weight maintenance as a lifestyle, not a goal.
d. skip breakfast every day.

b K 178 40. A person trying to gain weight should:

a. avoid any form of exercise.
b. eat energy-dense foods.
c. eat faster.
d. consume fewer beverages.

a A 178 41. James is trying to gain weight. Which of the following would you suggest to help James
with his goal?
a. Choose milkshakes instead of milk.
b. Drink black coffee.
c. Skip beverages.
d. Skip dessert.

d K 178 42. David has a difficult time gaining weight. Your recommendations to him include:
a. “Eat all you want and avoid physical activity.”
b. “Limit low-kcalorie foods like fruits and vegetables.”
c. “Ask your doctor for a prescription for orlistat.”
d. “Consume energy-dense foods and engage in weight training.”

a A 178 43. Zachary is trying to gain weight. He complains that he has a hard time eating a lot of food
at one meal. You advise him to:
a. eat energy-dense snacks between meals.
b. eat more slowly.
c. drink less water.
d. eat a salad before his meal.

b A 179 44. For someone who is trying to gain weight, an easy way to add kcalories is to:
a. drink a lot of water.
b. increase consumption of caloric beverages.
c. use fat-free salad dressings freely.
d. add more salt to food.

Nutrition in Practice – Fad Diets

c K 184 45. Which of the following statements is true regarding fad diets?
a. They are based on credible scientific research.
b. The FDA requires proof that they work and are safe.
c. They usually offer distorted bits of legitimate research, which makes them sound
feasible.
d. Scientists have overlooked the obvious facts and a lay person has figured out the key
to successful weight loss.

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270
d K 185 46. Quite simply, the key to weight loss is:
a. combining foods correctly at meals.
b. not eating desserts.
c. eating less carbohydrate.
d. consuming fewer kcalories.

a K 185 47. Despite claims that each new fad diet is different and offers a new approach to weight
loss, most fad diets
a. cut kcalories.
b. eliminate animal foods.
c. encourage skipping meals.
d. are individualized.

a A 186 48. Of the fat diets compared in the textbook, which one comes closest to meeting dietary
standards for health?
a. Ornish Diet
b. Atkins Diet
c. Sonoma Diet
d. Cheater’s Diet

b K 186 49. The major drawback of most fad diets is:

a. They promote false information about weight loss.
b. They do not create lifestyle changes to support long-term weight control.
c. They create false hopes among those who try them.
d. They usually require the purchase of dietary supplements.

b K 187 50. The minimum number of kcalories provided by a weight-loss diet should be:
a. 800.
b. 1200.
c. 1400.
d. 1600.

c A 187 51. Warning signs of an unsound weight-loss program include:

a. a diet that provides at least 1200 kcalories.
b. recommendations to consume ordinary foods.
c. requirements to purchase their brand of foods/supplements.
d. encouragement to pursue physical activity.

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
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Test Bank for Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 8th Edition : DeBruyne

271
Matching
i 163 1. adiponectin a. an enzyme mounted on the surface of fat cells that
g 164, 165 2. appetite hydrolyzes triglycerides in the blood into fatty acids and
b 165 3. built environment glycerol for absorption into the cells.
e 166, 167 4. cellulite b. the buildings, roads, utilities, homes, fixtures, parks, and
d 163 5. ghrelin all other man-made entities that form the physical
f 164, 165 6. hunger characteristics of a community.
c 163 7. leptin c. a hormone produced by fat cells that decreases appetite
a 161 8. lipoprotein lipase and increases energy expenditure.
h 163 9. set-point theory d. a hormone produced primarily by the stomach cells that
signals the hypothalamus of the brain to stimulate appetite
and food intake.
e. supposedly, a lumpy form of fat; actually, a fraud.
f. the physiological need to eat, experienced as a drive to
obtain food.
g. the psychological desire to eat.
h. the theory that proposes that the body tends to maintain a
certain weight by means of its own internal controls.
i. a protein produced by the fat cells that inhibits
inflammation.

Essay
162-163 1. Briefly describe the following theories for the cause of obesity:
a. set-point theory.
b. fat cell development.

163-165 2. Discuss the role of environmental stimuli in the development of obesity.

168-169 3. Discuss the pros and cons of gastric bypass and gastric banding surgeries for weight loss.

172-174 4. Describe why physical activity is very important in a weight-loss program.

178-179 5. Describe strategies for successful weight gain.

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a
license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use.

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