Test Bank For The Cultural Landscape An Introduction To Human Geography 10 Edition James M Rubenstein

Test Bank For The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography, 10 edition: James
Test Bank For The Cultural Landscape: An

Introduction to Human Geography, 10 edition: James
M. Rubenstein
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Chapter 6 Religion
1) With respect to the relationship between culture, religion, and the physical environment
A) few religions derive meaningful events from the physical environment.
B) religious ideas may be responsible for some of the changes people make in the physical
environment.
C) religion is no longer an important source of identification for a distinct cultural group.
D) all religions appeal primarily to people living in their land of origin.
E) All of the above are true.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Geog. Standard: 6
Section: Introduction
2) Which of the following best describes the situation of religion in Tibet?

A) Only a few practice Buddhism; the majority observe Confucianism.
B) Tibetan leaders have a high degree of local control over the policies of their province.
C) Its spiritual leader is in exile and the government discourages observance.
D) Freedom of religion is protected by provincial law.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Geog. Standard: 10
Section: Case Study
3) Religion is a particularly good example of the tension between globalization and local
diversity because
A) migrants leave their religion behind when they migrate to a new area.
B) many people follow more than one religion.
C) all religions are in competition to convert as many people as possible.
D) religion represents core cultural values and beliefs that may conflict with others.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
Section: Introduction
1
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
4) A large and fundamental division within a religion is a
A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) sect.
D) dialect.
E) family.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Geog. Standard: 10
Section: Key Issue 1
5) An ethnic religion is
A) based on only one language.
B) appealing mostly to one group of people in one place.
C) based on belief in one particular spiritual leader.
D) younger than a universalizing religion.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
6) A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a
A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) sect.
D) dialect.
E) family.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
7) A universalizing religion
A) is based on the physical characteristics of a particular location on Earth.
B) appeals to people living in a wide variety of locations.
C) is rarely transmitted through missionaries.
D) has celebrations based on seasonal changes.
E) is less likely to be used as a reason for violence than ethnic religions.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
2
8) The world's largest universalizing religion is
A) Buddhism.
B) Christianity.
C) Hinduism.
D) Islam.
E) Shintoism.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
9) The world's largest ethnic religion is

A) Confucianism.
B) Daoism.
C) Hinduism.
D) Shintoism.
E) Islam.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
10) Which is a branch of Christianity?

A) Druze
B) Eastern Orthodox
C) Shiite
D) Theravadist
E) Judaism
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
11) Almost 90 percent of people in the Western Hemisphere claim adherence to

A) Christianity.
B) Roman Catholicism.
C) Protestantism.
D) Eastern Orthodoxy.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
3
12) Which characteristic distinguishes religion in Latin America from North America?
A) having a Roman Catholic majority
B) having a Protestant majority
C) location relative to the Equator
D) Ethnic religions make up the majority in one but not the other.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
Geog. Standard: 10
13) Baptists are clustered in the ________ United States.

A) northeastern
B) southern
C) southwestern
D) upper midwestern
E) A and D
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
14) Lutherans are clustered in the ________ United States.

A) northeastern
B) southern
C) southwestern
D) upper midwestern
E) B and C
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
15) Roman Catholics are clustered in the ________ United States.

A) northeastern
B) southern
C) southwestern
D) upper midwestern
E) A and C
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
4
16) Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S. southwest primarily because of migration of
A) Roman Catholics from Latin America.
B) Roman Catholics from the northeast United States.
C) Roman Catholics from Ireland.
D) Protestants to the north.
E) Protestants to the east.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
17) Which of the following is not a universalizing religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Sikhism
C) Islam
D) Judaism
E) Christianity
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
18) Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) religion.
D) sect.
E) family.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
19) Lutheranism is an example of a Christian

A) branch.
B) denomination.
C) religion.
D) sect.
E) family.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
5
20) Muslims are clustered in
A) Sub-Saharan Africa.
B) South America
C) Eastern Europe.
D) East Asia.
E) the Middle East.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
21) The dominant branch of Islam is

A) Druze.
B) Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Sikh.
D) Sunni.
E) Shiite.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
22) The dominant branch of Islam in Iran is

A) Druze.
B) Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Sikh.
D) Sunni.
E) Shiite.
Answer: E
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
23) What is the holiest book in Hinduism?

A) the Bible
B) the Old Testament
C) the Quran
D) the Amrit
E) none of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
6
24) Mahayanists, in contrast to Theravadists, emphasize Buddha's
A) life of self-help.
B) compassion.
C) renouncing of worldly goods.
D) wisdom.
E) practice of meditation.
Answer: B
Diff: 5
Geog. Standard: 10
25) Adherents of which religion are also likely to believe in other religions simultaneously?
A) Judaism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Buddhism
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
26) Animists believe that

A) people should complete God's creation of the Earth.
B) inanimate objects and natural events have spirits.
C) people should make complete use of the Earth's resources.
D) natural disasters are preventable.
E) enlightenment can be achieved by all people.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
27) Which is not an ethnic Asian religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Confucianism
C) Shintoism
D) Daoism
E) Hinduism
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
7
28) Especially important in Confucianism is to
A) perform public service.
B) reflect on the mystical and magical aspects of life.
C) respect forces of nature as divine.
D) believe in one all-powerful God.
E) read the holy texts daily.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
29) Especially important in Daoism is to

A) perform public service.
B) reflect on the mystical and magical aspects of life.
C) respect forces of nature as divine.
D) believe in one all-powerful God.
E) read the holy texts daily.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
30) The belief in the existence of only one god is

A) animism.
B) cosmogony.
C) monotheism.
D) polytheism.
E) pagan.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
31) Followers of which religious branch do not trace their origin to Abraham?
A) Eastern Orthodox
B) Mahayana
C) Shiite
D) Sunni
E) Judaism
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
8
32) Judaism is classified as an ethnic rather than a universalizing religion, primarily because
A) its main holidays relate to events in the life of its founder, Abraham.
B) it uses a lunar calendar.
C) its rituals derive from the agricultural cycle in Israel.
D) it commemorates the Exodus from Egypt.
E) the holy text is the foundation of the religion.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
33) Christianity first diffused from its hearth through

A) contagious diffusion.
B) hierarchical diffusion.
C) relocation diffusion.
D) expansion diffusion.
E) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
34) Adherents of which religion controlled much of present-day Spain until 1492, but not since
then?
A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Druze
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
9
35) Which of the following is currently the most important religion in the homeland of the man
who founded it?
A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Shintoism
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
36) Unlike other universalizing religions, Buddhism

A) remained concentrated in one region of the world.
B) was not begun by an individual founder.
C) was founded in China.
D) worships more than one god.
E) diffused primarily by colonization.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
37) The agricultural calendar is relatively unimportant to which type of religions?

A) animist
B) ethnic
C) pagan
D) universalizing
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
38) For most of the past 2,000 years, most Jews have been
A) highly clustered in present-day Israel.
B) dispersed around the world.
C) concentrated in the United States.
D) forced to live in ghettos.
E) nomads herding sheep.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
10
39) The concept of a ghetto originally referred to the area of a city
A) inside the walls.
B) inhabited by the lowest-income people.
C) where Jews were forced to live.
D) where most blacks lived.
E) where the untouchable caste lived.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
40) Beliefs concerning the origin of the universe are

A) animism.
B) cosmogony.
C) monotheism.
D) astronomy.
E) polytheism.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
41) Which ethnic religion follows a lunar calendar?

A) Hinduism
B) Islam
C) Judaism
D) Sikhism
E) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
42) The people of Quebec are distinguished from residents of neighboring Canadian provinces
and the United States because they
A) don't speak an Indo-European language.
B) are not predominantly Christian.
C) frequently use religious toponyms.
D) want to become part of France again.
E) practice religious tolerance.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
11
43) Which is not a characteristic of a hierarchical religion?
A) It has a well-defined hierarchical structure.
B) It encourages each congregation to be self-sufficient.
C) It organizes territory into local administrative units.
D) It fosters interaction among different congregations.
E) Regional administration is located in large cities.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
44) A mosque differs from a church, because a mosque

A) is not a sanctified place.
B) is not a place of worship.
C) displays a variety of architectural styles.
D) contains relics of the founder.
E) is decorated with scenes from the life of the founder.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
45) Worship in Hinduism is most likely to take place

A) in a holy shrine.
B) as part of a pilgrimage.
C) at home.
D) in a pagoda.
E) in a monastery.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
46) Cremation is more important than burial in which religion?

A) Buddhism
B) Christianity
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Judaism
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
12
47) Protestants in Ireland are
A) dispersed throughout the island.
B) recent immigrants from Great Britain.
C) highly clustered in one part of the island.
D) highly integrated with the Roman Catholic population.
E) A and B
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
48) The goal of the majority of people living in Northern Ireland is to

A) remain part of the United Kingdom.
B) migrate to the Republic of Ireland.
C) become part of the Republic of Ireland.
D) join the Irish Republican Army.
E) establish an independent republic.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 13
49) Hinduism's caste system

A) assigns everyone to a distinct class.
B) decrees the pilgrimages which should be taken.
C) is a substitute for the lack of a holy book.
D) identifies a family's important deities.
E) is the basis for seasonal celebrations.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 13
50) The United Nations partition plan dividing Palestine placed Jerusalem under
A) a British Mandate
B) Palestinian administration.
C) Israeli administration.
D) divided administration.
E) United Nations administration.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
13
51) The situation in Northern Ireland is the result of
A) counties in Northern Ireland voting to remain in the United Kingdom.
B) Catholic protest against discrimination by Protestants.
C) British colonial control which contributed to poor economic conditions.
D) violence committed by extreme partisans on both sides.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
52) Palestinians include all but which of the following groups?

A) residents of refugee camps
B) residents of territories occupied by Israel
C) citizens of other states calling themselves Palestinians
D) Jewish citizens of Israel
E) Muslim citizens of Israel
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
53) Israel has controlled all of Jerusalem since

A) partition of Palestine by the United Nations in 1947.
B) the withdrawal of British rule in 1948.
C) the Arab-Israeli armistice of 1949.
D) the Six-Day War in 1967.
E) the Egyptian and Israeli peace treaty of 1979.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
54) Adherents of which religion have controlled the Holy Land for most of the past 1,500 years?
A) Sikhism
B) Judaism
C) Hinduism
D) Islam
E) Christianity
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 13
14
55) Jerusalem's geography represents a particularly difficult religious conflict to resolve because
A) sacred sites to Jews and Muslims are literally built one on top the other.
B) the population of Jerusalem is majority Christian but surrounded by majority Jewish and
Muslim populations on either side.
C) the Israeli government has separated the most sacred sites with a massive concrete wall.
D) Israel captured the Sinai peninsula from Egypt.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 13
Section: Global Forces, Local Impacts
56) Which religion is one of the three most important in Lebanon?

A) Daoism
B) Druze
C) Hinduism
D) Judaism
E) Sikhism
Answer: B
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 13
57) Which of these penalties were imposed by the Taliban in Afghanistan?

A) Men were beaten for shaving their beards.
B) Homosexuals were buried alive.
C) Prostitutes were hanged in public, and men were stoned for committing adultery.
D) Thieves' hands were cut off, and women with nail polish had their fingers cut off.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 13
58) The barrier between Israel and the West Bank

A) has been ruled as illegal by both Israeli and international courts.
B) is welcomed by both sides.
C) represents the natural landscape feature of the Jordan River.
D) follows the previous border between Israel and Jordan
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 13
Section: Contemporary Geographic Tools
15
59) What policy did the British follow in India?
A) They divided India into two countries.
B) They forced all of the Hindus to migrate.
C) They turned the problem over to the United Nations.
D) They encouraged the abolishment of the caste system.
E) They required all education to be conducted in English.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 13
60) From the Russian Revolution to the fall of the communist government, what was the policy
of the government towards religion?
A) All churches were closed.
B) The old church was replaced by Eastern Orthodoxy.
C) Churches remained open but played a limited role.
D) Youth were encouraged to attend so that they could be indoctrinated into communism.
E) All marriages were performed by clergy.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 13
61) Individual ethnic religions generally have more concentrated geographic distributions than
universalizing religions.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
62) Christianity has the most widespread geographic distribution of any religion.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
63) Lutherans in the United States are concentrated in the southeast.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
16
64) Catholics in the United States are concentrated in the northeast and southwest.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
65) Buddhism is the most important religion in India.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
66) Pilgrimages play a significant role in ethnic religions but not in universalizing religions.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
67) The largest concentration of Eastern Orthodox Christians is in Eastern Europe.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
68) The Ganges is the most holy river for Muslims.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
69) Jerusalem is a holy city to all three major universalizing religions.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
70) Islam is a less hierarchical religion than Christianity.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
17
71) Like churches, mosques are consecrated as holy places.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
72) Natural landscape features are the holiest places in Islam.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
73) The most troublesome religious boundary in Western Europe is in Ireland.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 13
74) The majority of people in Lebanon are Jewish.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
75) After the 1917 Revolution, the communists closed all churches in the Soviet Union.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 13
76) What is the world's largest ethnic religion? In what country do 99 percent of the adherents of
this religion live?
Answer: Hinduism; India
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
18
77) Most Europeans adhere to which of the three major universalizing religions?
Answer: Christianity
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
78) Name the two main branches of Islam.

Answer: Sunni; Shiite
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
79) Name the four religions dominant in East Asia.

How is religious adherence different in East Asia than in the United States?
Answer: Buddhism; Daoism; Shintoism; Confucianism
People often follow more than one religion.
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
80) Which branch of Islam is the largest in Iran and Lebanon?

Answer: Shiite
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
81) Describe the main difference in the most important holidays between a universalizing and an
ethnic religion.
Answer: universalizing Holidays revolve around events in founder's life.
ethnic Holidays revolve around agricultural calendar.
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
82) What major universalizing religion originated in present-day India?

Answer: Buddhism
Diff: 1
Geog. Standard: 10
19
Match the religion to the U.S. state in which it is most likely to be found.
A) Alabama
B) Montana
C) Arizona
D) Minnesota
E) Utah
83) Baptist
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
84) Roman Catholic

Diff: 2
Bloom's Taxonomy:
Geog. Standard: 10
Application
85) Lutheran
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
86) Mormon
Diff: 2
Geog. Standard: 10
Answers: 83) A 84) C 85) D 86) E
87) Most people in the Republic of Ireland are adherents of which branch of Christianity?
A slight majority of people in Northern Ireland are adherents of which branch of Christianity?
Answer: Roman Catholic; Protestant
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
20
Test Bank For The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography, 10 edition: James
88) Wars were fought in 1948, 1956, 1967, and 1973 in the land once known as Palestine. What
country won all four of these wars?
What three countries fought against this country in all four wars?
Which one of these three countries signed a peace treaty with the first country named?
Answer: Israel; Egypt, Syria, Jordan; Egypt
Diff: 5
Geog. Standard: 13
89) In what ways is Judaism an ethnic religion?

Answer: Varies
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
90) Compare the impact of Christianity and Islam on the landscape.

Answer: Varies
Diff: 5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluation
Geog. Standard: 14
91) How do different religions incorporate natural features into their cosmogony?
Answer: Varies
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 10
92) How has the concept of pilgrimage changed in the modern world?
Answer: Varies
Diff: 3
Geog. Standard: 10
93) How has religion been a source of territorial conflict among people?
Answer: Varies
Diff: 4
Geog. Standard: 13
21
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Test Bank For The Cultural Landscape: An

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2) Which of the following best describes the situation of religion in Tibet?

9) The world's largest ethnic religion is

10) Which is a branch of Christianity?

11) Almost 90 percent of people in the Western Hemisphere claim adherence to

13) Baptists are clustered in the ________ United States.

14) Lutherans are clustered in the ________ United States.

15) Roman Catholics are clustered in the ________ United States.

17) Which of the following is not a universalizing religion?

18) Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian

19) Lutheranism is an example of a Christian

21) The dominant branch of Islam is

22) The dominant branch of Islam in Iran is

23) What is the holiest book in Hinduism?

26) Animists believe that

27) Which is not an ethnic Asian religion?

29) Especially important in Daoism is to

30) The belief in the existence of only one god is

33) Christianity first diffused from its hearth through

36) Unlike other universalizing religions, Buddhism

37) The agricultural calendar is relatively unimportant to which type of religions?

40) Beliefs concerning the origin of the universe are

41) Which ethnic religion follows a lunar calendar?

44) A mosque differs from a church, because a mosque

45) Worship in Hinduism is most likely to take place

46) Cremation is more important than burial in which religion?

48) The goal of the majority of people living in Northern Ireland is to

49) Hinduism's caste system

52) Palestinians include all but which of the following groups?

53) Israel has controlled all of Jerusalem since

56) Which religion is one of the three most important in Lebanon?

57) Which of these penalties were imposed by the Taliban in Afghanistan?

58) The barrier between Israel and the West Bank

63) Lutherans in the United States are concentrated in the southeast.

65) Buddhism is the most important religion in India.

67) The largest concentration of Eastern Orthodox Christians is in Eastern Europe.

68) The Ganges is the most holy river for Muslims.

69) Jerusalem is a holy city to all three major universalizing religions.

70) Islam is a less hierarchical religion than Christianity.

72) Natural landscape features are the holiest places in Islam.

73) The most troublesome religious boundary in Western Europe is in Ireland.

74) The majority of people in Lebanon are Jewish.

78) Name the two main branches of Islam.

79) Name the four religions dominant in East Asia.

80) Which branch of Islam is the largest in Iran and Lebanon?

82) What major universalizing religion originated in present-day India?

84) Roman Catholic

Answers: 83) A 84) C 85) D 86) E

89) In what ways is Judaism an ethnic religion?

90) Compare the impact of Christianity and Islam on the landscape.

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