Test Bank For World Economy The Geography Business Development 6 e 6th Edition Frederick P Stutz Barney Warf

Test Bank for World Economy, The: Geography, Business, Development, 6/E 6th Edition Frederic
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Business, Development, 6/E 6th Edition Frederick P.
Stutz, Barney Warf
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The World Economy: Geography, Business, Development, 6e (Stutz/Warf)
Chapter 6 Agriculture
6.1 Multiple Choice
1) All of the following are TRUE of agriculture EXCEPT

A) it began in the Neolithic Revolution, roughly 5,000 years ago.
B) it made a nonnomadic existence possible.
C) it paved the way for a social surplus.
D) it made possible the rise of cities.
E) All of the above are TRUE of agriculture.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Agriculture
Standard: 12: The processes, patterns, and functions of human settlement.
Bloom's: Synthesis
2) What were the two forms of settlement within European colonies?

A) plantations in the middle latitudes; farm-family colonies in the tropics
B) livestock ranching in the northern latitudes; orchards in the middle latitudes
C) swidden agriculture in the tropics; pastoral nomadism in semi-arid lands
D) livestock ranching in highlands; grain farming on the plains
E) farm-family colonies in the middle latitudes; plantation colonies in the tropics
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: The Formation of a Global Agricultural System
Standard: 11: The patterns and networks of economic interdependence on Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Knowledge
3) What was the usual number of crops raised on a plantation?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) 20 or more
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: The Baby Boom, an Aging Population, and its Impacts
Bloom's: Knowledge
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
4) Which of the following would have been LEAST likely to be a plantation crop?
A) tea
B) sugar cane
C) cocoa
D) cotton
E) corn
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Standard: 10: The characteristics, distribution, and complexity of Earth's cultural mosaics.
Bloom's: Analysis
5) What agricultural practice represents the first wave in the global commodification of
agriculture?
A) swidden
B) pastoralism
C) horticulture
D) plantations
E) dairies
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Analysis
6) What was the First Agricultural Revolution?

A) development of hunting and gathering societies
B) formation of a global agricultural system
C) domestication of plants and animals
D) industrialization of Agriculture
E) establishment of the World Trade Organization
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
2
7) What was the Second Agricultural Revolution?
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
8) According to your text, about what percent of the populations of a number of countries in
Africa and Asia are engaged in the agricultural sector?
A) 15%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 70%
E) 90%
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
9) According to your text, about what percent of the populations of the United Kingdom and the
U.S. are engaged in the agricultural sector?
A) 2%
B) 8%
C) 10%
D) 25%
E) 50%
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
3
10) What was the Third Agricultural Revolution?
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: The Industrialization of Agriculture
Bloom's: Knowledge
11) What are the five stages, in order, of Ester Boserup's model of agricultural systems?
A) (1)Forest-fallow cultivation; (2)Bush-fallow cultivation; (3)Short-fallow cultivation;
(4)Annual Cropping; (5)Multicropping
B) (1)Bush-fallow cultivation; (2)Forest-fallow cultivation; (3)Short-fallow cultivation;
C) (1)Forest-fallow cultivation; (2)Short-fallow cultivation; (3)Bush-fallow cultivation;
(4)Multicropping; (5)Annual Cropping
D) (1)Forest-fallow cultivation; (2)Short-fallow cultivation; (3)Bush-fallow cultivation;
E) (1)Bush-fallow cultivation; (2)Forest-fallow cultivation; (3)Short-fallow cultivation;
(4)Multicropping; (5)Annual Cropping
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Human Impacts on the Land
Standard: 14: How human actions modify the physical environment.
Bloom's: Knowledge
12) According to Ester Boserup, what usually accompanied the transition from one form of
agriculture to another?
A) increased population density
B) improved tools
C) improved transportation
D) more labor specialization
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: How and Why Firms Grow
Bloom's: Synthesis
4
13) Why were the prairies and high plains west of the Mississippi River known as the "Great
American Desert" by early Europeans immigrants to the U.S.?
A) because decades of drought during that era turned the land into a desert.
B) because of the sandy soil found there.
C) because their soil and climate maps were incorrect.
D) because they equated a tree-covered landscape, not grasslands, with fertile soils.
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Cultural Preferences and Perceptions
Bloom's: Knowledge
14) What is another name for swidden agriculture or shifting cultivation?

A) pastoral nomadism
B) industrial agriculture
C) livestock ranching
D) slash-and-burn agriculture
E) dairy farming
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Shifting Cultivation
Bloom's: Knowledge
15) Which of the following statements about shifting cultivation is most accurate?
A) Shifting cultivation is not sustainable.
B) Shifting cultivation is sustainable.
C) Shifting cultivation can be sustainable if the population is small enough for the land area
available for this agricultural system.
D) Shifting cultivation is no longer practiced.
E) Shifting cultivation is usually practiced in the middle latitudes.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
5
16) How many crops are typically cultivated in a single swidden?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five or more
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
17) Which of the following is a characteristic of intensive agriculture?

A) Most work is done by hand.
B) Plots of land are very small.
C) Physiological density is high.
D) It is practiced mostly in river valleys and irrigated fields in the middle latitudes.
E) All of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
Bloom's: Analysis
18) What is the most common type of organization structure in most U.S. food companies?
A) vertical integration
B) horizontal integration
C) diversification
D) A and B above
E) A, B, and C above
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Commercial Agriculture
Bloom's: Analysis
19) Market gardening (or truck farming) in the U.S. relies on what type of labor?
A) family members
B) indentured workers
C) professional harvesters
D) seasonal migrants
E) They do not rely on human labor; the crops are harvested by machinery.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
6
20) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of commercial agriculture?
A) People fed by commercial agriculture work in other types of economic activity.
B) Machinery, fertilizers, and high-yield seeds are used extensively.
C) Many people work on these large farms.
D) Farms are large.
E) Produce from commercial agriculture is integrated with other agribusiness.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Analysis
21) Which of the following is a pull factor that is causing people to leave their farms for urban
life?
A) low crop prices
B) opportunities for college education
C) difficult and sometimes dangerous work
D) expansion of housing subdivisions onto farmlands
E) high cost of machinery
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: US Commercial Agriculture: Crops and Regions
Bloom's: Analysis
22) The bulk and perishability of milk cause dairy farms in the U.S. to locate in a specific
location. Where?
A) on the Great Plains
B) near the east and west coasts
C) in the Southeast
D) near cities
E) in Montana
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Dairy Farming
Bloom's: Knowledge
7
23) All of the following U.S. cities grew up in part because of the services provided by their
slaughterhouses and stockyards, EXCEPT
A) Chicago.
B) Pittsburgh.
C) Denver.
D) Dallas.
E) Kansas City.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Cattle Ranching
Bloom's: Analysis
24) All of the following are typical "Mediterranean crops" EXCEPT

A) tomatoes.
B) olives.
C) oranges.
D) grapes.
E) grapefruit.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Mediterranean Cropping
Bloom's: Synthesis
25) Forces that brought the market into agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT
A) subsistence farming.
B) improvement of seeds and breeding stock.
C) a vast population increase in the new trading cities that depended on the countryside for food.
D) nobility began to rent their land to peasants for farming.
E) crop rotation replaced the medieval system of fallow.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Standard: 16: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of
resources.
Bloom's: Synthesis
8
26) By which century had agriculture spread widely throughout the Old World and much of the
New World?
A) 1300 AD
B) 1400 AD
C) 1500 AD
D) 1600 AD
E) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
27) Farm-family colonies in the middle latitudes of N America, Australia, New Zealand and
South Africa differed from plantation colonies in the tropical regions in all of the following ways
EXCEPT
A) farm-family colonies depended on farming that produced products for the local market rather
than export.
B) settlers in farm-family colonies brought their farming customs with them but often altered
them to their new environments.
C) many farm-family colony farms were allocated through the Township and Range System.
D) farm-family colonies did not require substantial settlement by ex-patriots.
E) All of the above are characteristics of farm-family colonies.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
28) Plantations had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

A) they were large-scale enterprises.
B) they were first developed by the Portuguese in the 1400s.
C) they represented the first wave in the global modification of agriculture.
D) mechanization was often used to increase production.
E) Europeans managed plantations but did little manual labor.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
9
29) Plantations had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT
A) they produced luxury foodstuffs like spices, cocoa and coffee.
B) they were often located near coasts to facilitate export to Europe.
C) sometimes land was expropriated for plantations from land used for local food crops.
D) they were small scale enterprises.
E) forced labor was often used on plantations.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
30) Effects of centuries of European overseas expansion on agriculture include all of the
following EXCEPT
A) commercial agricultural systems have become a feature of much of the world.
B) hunting and gathering has virtually disappeared.
C) few completely self-sufficient farms exist.
D) subsistence farming has been completely eradicated.
E) All of the above are effects.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
31) Key elements of industrial agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT
A) extreme capital intensity.
B) high energy use.
C) concentration of economic power.
D) a quest for lower unit costs of production.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
10
32) Negative impacts of the industrialization of agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT
A) depletion of water resources.
B) depletion of soil resources.
C) environmental pollution.
D) destruction of a way of life for millions of farmers.
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Standard: 13: How the forces of cooperation and conflict among people influence the division
and control of Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Knowledge
33) In Africa and Asia about ________ percent of those who are employed work in peasant
farming.
A) 20%
B) 30%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) 60%
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
34) Today, the percentage of a labor force engaged in primary activities is a useful measure of
A) poverty.
B) average education level.
C) economic development.
D) productivity.
E) output.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Standard: 3: How to analyze the spatial organization of people, places, and environments on
Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Analysis
11
35) According to your text, in general, which poses the main danger to the environment?
A) emissions from coal burning
B) industrialized farming
C) desertification
D) subsistence farming
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
36) What types of factors determine rural land use decisions of farmers?
A) climatic limitations
B) cultural preferences
C) systems of agricultural production
D) all of the above
E) only climatic limitations and cultural preferences
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Factors Affecting Rural Land Use
Bloom's: Knowledge
37) Climatic conditions affecting rural land use decisions of farmers include all of the following
EXCEPT
A) soil type.
B) soil fertility.
C) slope.
D) drainage.
E) systems of agricultural production.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Climatic Conditions
Standard: 7: The physical processes that shape the patterns of Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Knowledge
12
38) Pastoral nomadism is the predominate system of agriculture practiced in which of the
following regions?
A) Subsaharan Africa
B) Latin America
C) Australia
D) Northern Africa
E) Europe
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Systems of Agricultural Production
Bloom's: Synthesis
39) Mixed crop and livestock is the predominate system of agriculture practiced in which of the
following regions?
B) Latin America
C) Australia
D) Northern Africa
E) South Asia
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
40) Intensive subsistence wet rice dominant is the predominate system of agriculture practiced in
which of the following regions?
B) Latin America
C) Southeast Asia
D) Northern Africa
E) the Pacific Islands
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
13
41) The predominate system of agriculture practiced in Subsaharan Africa is
A) subsistence cultivation.
B) intensive subsistence wet rice dominant.
C) mixed crop and livestock.
D) pastoral nomadism.
E) dairy.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
42) The predominate system of agriculture practiced in arctic Russia is

A) subsistence cultivation.
B) intensive subsistence wet rice not dominant.
C) mixed crop and livestock.
D) pastoral nomadism.
E) dairy
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
43) What type of agriculture do most of the world's farmers practice?

A) dairying
B) subsistence
C) plantation
D) horticulture
E) industrial
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Preindustrial Agriculture
Bloom's: Knowledge
44) What is the most common type of agriculture in developing countries?

A) dairying
B) subsistence
C) plantation
D) horticulture
E) industrial
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
14
45) Subsistence agriculture includes all of the following categories EXCEPT
A) shifting cultivation.
B) pastoral nomadism.
C) peasant-based agriculture.
D) intensive subsistence agriculture wet rice dominant.
E) mixed crop and livestock.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
46) Preindustrial agriculture

A) is characterized by wide use of subsistence agriculture.
B) is practiced in regions where the majority of workers are engaged in agriculture.
C) is practiced with primitive methods.
D) produces harvests that are mainly for direct consumption.
E) is all of the above.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
47) Deforestation in the rainforest contributes to

A) subsistence farming.
B) poverty.
C) greenhouse warming.
D) loss of agricultural land.
E) manufacturing shortages.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
48) When agriculture involves endless hours of backbreaking work is it called

A) subsistence.
B) peasant.
C) labor-intensive.
D) swidden.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Peasant Mode of Production
Bloom's: Knowledge
15
49) Peasant agriculture is practices extensively in which region?
A) South Asia
B) Southeast Asia
C) East Asia
D) East Africa
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
50) Which of the following statements are FALSE about shifting cultivation.
A) People clear a patch of land and burn the rubble.
B) The soils on these patches are depleted rather quickly.
C) The soils usually become permanently infertile.
D) After the soil in one patch is depleted, the farmers move on to clear another.
E) None of the above is false about shifting cultivation.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
51) Characteristics of pastoral nomadism include all of the following EXCEPT

A) it is classified as extensive subsistence agriculture.
B) only about 15 million people practice it worldwide.
C) they lands they use are typically arid.
D) nomads depend on animal herds for their sustenance.
E) it is classified as intensive subsistence agriculture.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Pastoral Nomadism
Bloom's: Knowledge
16
52) Several factors have affected the size and distribution of pastoral nomads in recent times.
They are
A) nomadic societies have fallen due to the rise of territorial boundaries of states.
B) governments have attempted to settle nomads.
C) they have survived because they know how to use land that cannot be used for other
economic purposes.
D) all of the above.
E) A and C only.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
53) Rice is a favorite crop grown in intensive subsistence agriculture because

A) it has a high yield per acre and is rich in nutrients.
B) it is a cultural food.
C) it can be grown intensively in areas that are arid, with irrigation.
D) it is highly mechanized in Asia.
E) it is grown on farms with very large land area.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
54) Rice
A) was domesticated in East Asia more than 7000 years ago.
B) is used almost totally for human consumption.
C) is the primary diet ingredient for over 2 billion people.
D) all of the above
E) B and C only
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
17
55) Which of the following is NOT a problem of subsistence agriculture?
A) It is subject to soil and precipitation variability.
B) a lack of tools and high yielding seed
C) Non-food crops, such as sugar and jute, become attractive to subsistence farmers due to the
high prices they can get on the export market.
D) Subsistence farmers can often barely provide for their families.
E) Subsistence farmers suffer from a lack of capital.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Problems of Subsistence Agriculturalists
Bloom's: Synthesis
56) Commercial agricultural areas dominated by capitalist social relations include all of the
following EXCEPT
A) U.S. and Canada.
B) Asia.
C) Argentina.
D) Europe.
E) South Africa.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
57) Agribusiness is extremely capital-intensive and energy-intensive. Thus, agribusiness has all
of the following characteristics EXCEPT
A) it relies on huge amounts of chemicals.
B) most of it is computer-controlled.
C) it is very labor-intensive.
D) just 2% of the U.S. labor force is engaged in agriculture.
E) it is extremely highly productive.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
18
58) Forward linkages in the U.S. food production system include
A) seed.
B) fertilizer.
C) petroleum and machinery.
D) meat production.
E) labor.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Synthesis
59) Characteristics of agribusiness include all of the following EXCEPT

A) it is highly capital intensive.
B) it has extended livestock immensely.
C) it has both backward and forward linkages.
D) it is quick to respond to new developments.
E) it is rather slow at responding to new developments.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Synthesis
60) Characteristics of commercial farming in the U.S. include

A) it can be labor intensive.
B) more than 10% of the labor force is usually engaged in it.
C) more small family farms are involved in it than are large corporate farms.
D) it is not easily integrated into other agribusiness production systems.
E) its produce is sold for use off the farm.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: US Commercial Agriculture: Crops and Regions
Bloom's: Synthesis
61) The top 5 farm products produced in the U.S. in order of value are
A) corn, beef, milk, chicken, soybeans.
B) beef, corn, milk soybeans, chicken.
C) corn. beef, chicken, milk, soybeans.
D) corn, chicken, beef, milk soybeans.
E) beef, soybeans, corn, chicken, milk.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
19
62) What are the overall percentages of the labor force that are engaged in agriculture in
developed countries and developing countries, respectively?
A) 10%; 80%
B) 5%; 60%
C) 2%; 90%
D) 15%; 50%
E) 9%; 89%
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Commercial Agriculture and Number of Farmers
Bloom's: Synthesis
63) The number of American farmers has decreased from ________ to ________ since 1950.
A) 50 million; 10 million
B) 5 million; 0.5 million
C) 6 million; 2 million
D) 25 million; 15 million
E) 25 million; 10 million
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
64) Types of commercial agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT

A) Mediterranean cropping.
B) dairy farming.
C) mixed crop and livestock farming.
D) horticulture.
E) All of the above are types of commercial agriculture.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
20
65) Mixed crop and livestock farming is the principal type of commercial agriculture found in all
of the following countries EXCEPT
A) New Zealand.
B) Russia.
C) Ukraine.
D) South Africa.
E) Chile.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Mixed Crop and Livestock Farming
Bloom's: Knowledge
66) A four-field rotation system is used in which type of agriculture?

A) intensive subsistence agriculture
B) swidden
C) extensive subsistence agriculture
D) mixed crop and livestock farming agriculture
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
67) Which type of commercial agriculture accounts for the most farm acreage in the NE U.S. and
NW Europe and accounts for 20% of the total output by value of commercial agriculture?
A) mixed crop and livestock farming
B) dairy farming
C) grain farming
D) cattle ranching
E) Mediterranean farming
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
21
68) Certain U.S. dairy farms produce more milk than cheese and butter because
A) milk is cheap to produce
B) according to international tastes, American cheese is not very tasty
C) their milk can be transported quickly to large markets in the U.S.
D) because they are labor-intensive operations
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
69) Which type of commercial agriculture is usually located in drier areas?

A) mixed crop and livestock farming
B) dairy farming
C) grain farming
D) cattle ranching
E) Mediterranean farming
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
70) The U.S. and Canada account for what percentage of total world exports of wheat?
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 35%
D) 50%
E) 75%
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Grain Farming
Bloom's: Knowledge
71) Other important grains, besides wheat, that are grown include all of the following EXCEPT
A) barley.
B) oats.
C) rye.
D) sorghum.
E) millet.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
22
72) The few places that can support large grain-farming operations include all of the following
EXCEPT
A) China.
B) U.S. & Canada.
C) Russia.
D) France.
E) Australia.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
73) The North American Spring Wheat Belt is centered in

A) Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota and Saskatchewan.
B) Saskatchewan, North Dakota South Dakota and Kansas.
C) North Dakota, South Dakota, Alberta, and Nebraska.
D) Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota and Kansas.
E) Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota and Nebraska.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
74) The only form of commercial agriculture that is an extensive agricultural pursuit is
A) mixed crop and livestock farming.
B) grain farming.
C) cattle ranching.
D) Mediterranean cropping.
E) horticulture and fruit farming.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
23
75) Which is NOT a characteristic of cattle ranching?
A) It is practiced in developed areas of the world in drier areas.
B) Ranchers, until the late 1800s, kept their herds on the move toward markets in Midwestern
cities.
C) Stationary ranching is now done on land that is 60% owned by the U.S. government.
D) South America has significant cattle-ranching industries.
E) It is an intensive agricultural pursuit.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Synthesis
76) Which is NOT a Mediterranean region of the world?

A) southern California
B) central Chile
C) South Africa
D) southern Australia
E) Madagascar
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
77) Which pairing of region and predominant Mediterranean crop grown there is correct?
A) southern California - citrus fruit
B) Florida - citrus fruit
C) southern California - wine grapes
D) Spain, France and Italy - olives and grapes
E) Mediterranean Sea countries - wine and olive oil
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
24
78) The area stretching from southern Virginia, through eastern North and South Carolinas to
coastal Georgia and Florida is also known as the
A) Southern Wheat Belt.
B) Sunbelt.
C) Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Belt.
D) Bible Belt.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
79) What are the three tendencies of supply, demand, and prices of U.S. agriculture over the past
100 years?
A) moderately increased supply; moderately increased demand; stable prices
B) drastically increased supply; moderately increased demand; falling prices
C) drastically increased supply; dramatically increased demand; stable prices
D) stable supply; moderately increased demand; falling prices
E) moderately increased supply; dramatically increased demand; rising prices
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: US Agricultural Policy
Bloom's: Knowledge
80) What is the name of the U.S. law that raised farm prices so that farmers could enjoy a "fair
price" or "parity price"?
A) Surplus Produce Act of 1935
B) Farm Subsidy Act of 1940
C) Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933
D) Agricultural Assistance Act of 1946
E) Farmer's Fair Trade Act of 1990
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: The US Farm Subsidy Program
Bloom's: Knowledge
25
81) All of the following are effects of U.S. federal price supports on agricultural products,
EXCEPT
A) the market cannot arrive at an equilibrium price through its normal market mechanism.
B) farmers grow a larger amount of surplus crops than consumers buy.
C) buyers pay more than they would if market conditions prevailed.
D) consumers' incomes are artificially raised by these agricultural price supports.
E) farmers' incomes are artificially raised by government subsidies.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Analysis
82) What concept is central to Von Thunen's model of agricultural land use?
A) mechanization of agriculture
B) labor markets
C) economic rent
D) climate
E) financial markets
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: The Von Thunen Model
Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Analysis
83) What agricultural activity does Von Thunen's model suggest will be carried out closest to the
city?
A) dairying
B) growing vegetables
C) beef production
D) forestry
E) grain production
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Analysis
26
84) Which types of commercial agriculture DO NOT rely on inexpensive labor?
A) Mediterranean farming
B) grain farming
C) horticulture and fruit farming
D) all of the above
E) both Mediterranean and horticulture and fruit farming
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Horticulture and Fruit Farming
Bloom's: Knowledge
6.2 True-False
1) The Township and Range System was form of land allocation practiced in the tropical areas of
Africa, Asia and Latin America.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
2) The industrialization of agriculture constitutes a third agricultural revolution.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
3) In industrialized agriculture, farmers are often in a disadvantaged position due to the

substitution effect.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Topic/Section: Case Study: Agro-foods
Bloom's: Knowledge
4) Under permanent agriculture, the fertility of land is always impaired.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
27
5) The soils of the Paris Basin have been cultivated for hundreds of years and this intensive use
has nearly depleted their fertility.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
6) Worldwide, just a handful of farm types exist.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic/Section: Factors Affecting Rural Land Use
Bloom's: Knowledge
7) Boserup's stage model of agriculture outlines the progression of environmental alteration

imposed by the intensification of agriculture.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
8) Land degradation is often enhanced by social systems that influence the ways that local
farmers manage their land.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Synthesis
9) Culture can greatly impact how different farmers might view the same land.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Synthesis
10) Peasant agriculture occurs in developing countries where the bulk of the population lives in
rural areas.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
28
11) In East Africa, the peasant mode of agricultural production provides most farmers with an
adequate and varied food supply.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
12) Swidden agriculture survives in tropical areas with a high level of population pressure.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
13) Pastoral nomads are basically wandering tribes search for food wherever they can find it.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
14) Agribusiness in the U.S. has not significantly extended livestock farming.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
15) Truck farming is a sector of market gardening that relies heavily on truck transportation.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
16) The top farm product produced in the U.S. in terms of its value is beef.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
29
17) The number of farms has decreased while the average size of farms has increased between
1950 and 2002 in the U.S.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
18) Most cropping systems in the U.S. rely on corn because it is the crop with the highest value.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
19) Every region of the world has increased agricultural production as a result of an increase in
cropland.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
20) Per capita grain production has been disappointing in developing countries, particularly
Africa.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
21) Winter wheat is planted and harvested in the winter.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
22) Plantations are most common in the tropics.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
30
23) The most common type of agriculture in developing countries where markets are still
evolving is plantation agriculture.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Topic/Section: Development
Standard: 16: The changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution, and importance of
resources.
Bloom's: Knowledge
24) The two forms of settlement within European colonies were livestock ranching in highlands;
grain farming on the plains.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
25) Government payments to producers of agricultural products is called target pricing.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
26) Pastoral nomadism is most often practiced in areas where there is a humid tropical climate.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
27) In shifting cultivation, five or more crops are typically cultivated in a single swidden.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
28) Market gardening (or truck farming) in the U.S. relies on seasonal migrants.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
31
29) The leading international agricultural commodity transported between countries is rice.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
30) Climate is the central predictor of location in Von Thunen's model of agricultural land use.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Knowledge
6.3 Short Answer
1) The world's most space consuming activity is ________.

Answer: agriculture
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
2) The science and art of cultivating crops and rearing livestock in order to produce food and
fiber for sustenance or for economic gain is known as ________/
Answer: Agriculture
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
3) The rise of market forces in agriculture transformed food into a ________, something to be
bought and sold for a profit.
Answer: commodity
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
4) ________ are large-scale agricultural enterprises devoted to the specialized production of one
tropical product raised for the market.
Answer: Plantations
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
32
5) Today the percentage of a labor force that is engaged in primary economic activities is a
useful measure of ________ ________.
Answer: economic development
Diff: 3
Earth's surface.
Bloom's: Analysis
6) A reduction of land capability is known as ________ ________.

Answer: land degradation
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
7) Subsistence agriculture that is higher-intensity and used in highly densely population areas of
the developing world is called ________.
Answer: intensive
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
8) Subsistence agriculture that is in low-density, marginal operations in the developing world is

called ________.
Answer: extensive
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
9) ________ ________ is when more than one crop can be produced from the same plot of land
within the year.
Answer: Double cropping
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
10) Food production by commercial farms, input industries, and marketing and processing firms
that contribute to the total food sector is called ________.
Answer: agribusiness
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
33
Test Bank for World Economy, The: Geography, Business, Development, 6/E 6th Edition Frederic
11) A handful of large ________ firms controls the whole food chain in the U.S. from "seedling
to supermarket."
Answer: agribusiness
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
12) The top farm product produced in the U.S. in terms of its value is ________.
Answer: corn
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
13) The second most important crop in mixed crop and livestock farming is ________.
Answer: soybeans
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
14) ________ is the leading international agricultural commodity transported amongst nations.
Answer: Wheat
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
15) The locations near cities where cattle are fattened in pens are called ________.
Answer: feedlots
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
16) Government payments to producers of agricultural products are called ________ ________.
Answer: agricultural subsidies
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
34
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6.1 Multiple Choice

1) All of the following are TRUE of agriculture EXCEPT

2) What were the two forms of settlement within European colonies?

3) What was the usual number of crops raised on a plantation?

6) What was the First Agricultural Revolution?

14) What is another name for swidden agriculture or shifting cultivation?

17) Which of the following is a characteristic of intensive agriculture?

24) All of the following are typical "Mediterranean crops" EXCEPT

28) Plantations had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

42) The predominate system of agriculture practiced in arctic Russia is

43) What type of agriculture do most of the world's farmers practice?

44) What is the most common type of agriculture in developing countries?

46) Preindustrial agriculture

47) Deforestation in the rainforest contributes to

48) When agriculture involves endless hours of backbreaking work is it called

51) Characteristics of pastoral nomadism include all of the following EXCEPT

53) Rice is a favorite crop grown in intensive subsistence agriculture because

59) Characteristics of agribusiness include all of the following EXCEPT

60) Characteristics of commercial farming in the U.S. include

64) Types of commercial agriculture include all of the following EXCEPT

66) A four-field rotation system is used in which type of agriculture?

69) Which type of commercial agriculture is usually located in drier areas?

73) The North American Spring Wheat Belt is centered in

76) Which is NOT a Mediterranean region of the world?

2) The industrialization of agriculture constitutes a third agricultural revolution.

3) In industrialized agriculture, farmers are often in a disadvantaged position due to the

4) Under permanent agriculture, the fertility of land is always impaired.

6) Worldwide, just a handful of farm types exist.

7) Boserup's stage model of agriculture outlines the progression of environmental alteration

21) Winter wheat is planted and harvested in the winter.

22) Plantations are most common in the tropics.

25) Government payments to producers of agricultural products is called target pricing.

6.3 Short Answer

1) The world's most space consuming activity is ________.

6) A reduction of land capability is known as ________ ________.

8) Subsistence agriculture that is in low-density, marginal operations in the developing world is

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6) A reduction of land capability is known as .