Circulatory System

Wordbank:

Heart: a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

Atrium/Atria: two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood from the heart.

Ventricle: two lower chambers of the heart that pumps out the blood from the heart

Aorta: largest artery in the body; receives blood from the left ventricle

Superior vena cava: one of the largest vein in the body; return deoxygenated blood from the
systemic circulation to the right atrium of the heart.

Pulmonary Artery: receives blood from the right ventricle and sends it to the lungs through the
pulmonary artery.

Pulmonary vein: transfer/ transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Aortic valve:receives blood from the left ventricle and sends it to the body through the aorta.

Tricuspid valve: 3 flaps (leaflets) that open and close; allows blood to flow from right atrium to
right ventricle; prevents blood from flowing back.

Mitral valve: allows blood to flow to the left ventricle; prevents blood from flowing back.

Septum: a wall that separates the right side from the left side of the heart

Arteries: carry the blood away from the heart/ carry the blood towards the tissues

Veins: carry blood back to the heart/ carry the blood away from the tissues

Blood pressure : it is the pressure which is exerted by the blood against the wall of blood
vessels

How does a heart pumps blood? Heart is divided into two separate pumping systems, the
right side and left side.

1.) The right side of your heart receives poor oxygen blood from your veins, and pumps it into
your lungs, to pick up more oxygen to get rid of carbon dioxide.

2.) The left side of your heart receives rich oxygen blood from your lungs and pumps it into your
arteries (aorta) to the rest of your body.

How does blood flow through the heart?

1.The right atrium receives poor oxygen blood from the body through the SVC and pumps it to
the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.

2.The right ventricle then pumps the oxygen blood to the lungs through the pulmonary valve.

3.The left atrium receives rich oxygen blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins and
pumps it to the left ventricle through the mitral valve.

4.The left ventricle then pumps the rich oxygen blood through the aortic valve out to the rest of
the body.

Right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood/ poor-oxygen blood

Left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood/ rich-oxygen blood Arteries carry deoxygenated
blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated.

Difference between Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation:

Pulmonary circulation loop: right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary
circulation

1.Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood back to
the heart as it been done re-oxygenating.

2. deoxygenated blood from the body leaves the right ventricle through the pulmonary arteries
which carry blood to each lung. 3.Pulmonary arteries are the only arteries that carry
deoxygenated blood.

4. the oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through the pulmonary veins which return it to
the left side of the heart and complete the cycle.

5.The oxygenated blood is then distributed to the body through the systemic circulation before
returning again to the pulmonary circulation

Systemic circulation loop: removes wastes from body tissue and returns deoxygenated blood to
the right side of the heart. -left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic
circulation

1.Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to
the heart.

2.Oxygenated blood from the lungs leaves the left ventricle through the aorta

3.From here, it is being distributed to the body's organs and tissues which absorb the oxygen
through a complex network of arteries, arterioles,and capillaries.
4.The deoxygenated blood is then collected by venules and flows into vein before reaching the
SVC which return it to the right heart, completing the cycle.

5.The blood is then re-oxygenated through the pulmonary circulation before returning again to
the systemic circulation.

Key tips: Lungs to Heart to Body- Body to Heart to Lungs

• Circulation of blood through the heart,lungs and to the body. 1.Blood enters the right
atrium from the SVC and the coronary sinus 2.From the right atrium, it goes through the
tricuspid valve to the right ventricle 3.From the right ventricle, it goes through the pulmonary
valve to the pulmonary trunk/ 4 From the pulmonary trunk, it moves into the left and right
pulmonary arteries to the lungs 5.From the lungs, oxygenated blood is returned to the heart
though the pulmonary veins 6.From the pulmonary veins, blood flows into the left atrium.

4 major types of chambers

1.right atrium/atria

2.right ventricle

3.left atrium/atria

4.left ventricle

4 major types of blood vessels

1.Vena cava

2.Pulmonary vein

3.Pulmonary artery

4.Aorta

4 major types of valve

1.Mitral valve

2.Tricuspid valve

3.Pulmonary valve

4.Aortic valve