COMMUNICATION

ABSTRACT WRITING

Siliziwe Dipa
221099425
Wind energy

Wind turbine, often known as wind power, is the process of generating electricity from wind
or air flows that occur naturally in the earth's atmosphere. Wind turbines take kinetic energy
from the wind and convert it to electricity. To pump water or grind cereals, a windmill
converts wind energy into electrical or mechanical energy. Three-blade, horizontal-axis
windmills with the nacelle installed on steel towers that can be cylindrical steel plate or
lattice towers are the most popular windmills in use today. The White Paper on Renewable
Energy, the National Energy Act, the Integrated Energy Plan, and the Integrated Resource
Plan have all played a role in the development of wind energy in South Africa. The
Renewable Energy Independent Power Producers Procurement Programme in South Africa
resulted in the installation of more than 30 wind projects, marking a watershed moment for
clean energy supply. Another major obstacle is opposition from other stakeholders,
particularly organized labour, which believes that renewable energy sources threaten jobs and
value chains connected with conventional energy sources such as coal. Preferential policies
are used by countries encouraging wind energy, and they fall into three categories:
environmental, supply, and demand. The fundamental goals of South African policies have
been to speed up progress and expand opportunities. China now consumes the most wind
energy, accounting for a third of all global wind energy production. In Gansu Province,
China, is home to the world's largest onshore wind farm. The wind farm can generate 7,965
megawatts of energy, which is five times more than the next competitor. Unfortunately, the
farm isn't even half-full, and the 7,000 wind turbines aren't all performing as they should be
2. Due to a lack of demand and investment, many of these rows of wind turbines are unused,
resulting in a massive waste of resources. Managers of energy businesses that rely on these
turbines believe that only the government has the right to interfere. Storage on a power grid
typically purchases energy only at night when it is the cheapest, while wind power must be
able to sell its energy 24 hours a day, seven days a week. As a result, wind and storage are
legally incompatible. Large wind turbines are the most cost-effective renewable energy
technology currently available. Several wind farms have been installed or approved through
the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement (REIPPP) Program. The
cost of electricity generated by wind turbines has dropped from R1.42/kWh in the first
bidding window to R0.62/kWh in the fourth bidding window. In early 2014, wind farms that
were approved in the first window began operations. The fourth window's approved projects
are currently in the planning stages. This cost per kWh is almost 40% lower than the cost of
electricity generated in Eskom's two coal-fired power plants (Medupi and Kusile), making
wind the cheapest new constructed technology in South Africa.

Referencing

Wind energy in South Africa: A review of policies, institutions, and programmes. 2022.
Wind energy in South Africa: A review of policies, institutions, and programmes. [ONLINE]
Available at: http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1021-
447X2018000200004. [Accessed 16 June 2022].

Where in the World is Wind Energy Used the Most? | Inspire Clean Energy. 2022. Where in
the World is Wind Energy Used the Most? | Inspire Clean Energy. [ONLINE] Available
at: https://www.inspirecleanenergy.com/blog/clean-energy-101/where-in-world-wind-energy-
used-most. [Accessed 16 June 2022].

www.sustainable.org.za. 2022. No page title. [ONLINE] Available

at: http://www.sustainable.org.za/userfiles/wind(1).pdf. [Accessed 17 June 2022].
Proposal writing

Wind energy

Introduction
BACKGROUND

The process of capturing wind kinetic energy and transforming it into useful mechanical
power or electricity is known as wind energy, sometimes known as wind power. It is
categorized as a type of solar energy. Engineers and scientists are exploiting the kinetic
energy of the wind to produce power since anything that moves has kinetic energy. A wind
turbine is a device that harnesses the power of the wind to produce electricity, which is how
wind energy is produced.The turbine's blades, which are affixed to a rotor, are blown by the
wind. A generator is then spun by the rotor to produce electricity. Horizontal-axis wind
turbines (HAWTs) and vertical-axis wind turbines are the two different types of wind
turbines (VAWTs).

PROBLEM STATEMEENT

PURPOSE

2; METHODOLOGY

METHOD

The basic idea behind how a wind turbine operates is that, unlike a fan, which creates wind
by using energy, a wind turbine creates electricity by utilizing wind. A turbine's blades,
which resemble propellers, are turned by wind around a rotor, which spins a generator, which
produces energy. Solar energy takes the form of wind, which is the result of three related
simultaneous occurrences. irregularities in the earth's surface, the sun's uneven heating of the
atmosphere, and the earth's rotation. The rotor blades of a wind turbine, which function
similarly to an airplane wing or a helicopter rotor blade, convert wind energy into electricity
using aerodynamic force. The air pressure on one side of the blade falls as wind passes across
it. Both lift and drag are produced by the different air pressure on the blade's two sides. The
rotor spins because the force of the lift is greater than the force of the drag. If the generator is
a direct drive turbine, the rotor is connected to it directly; otherwise, a gearbox that speeds up
the rotation and permits a physically smaller generator is used. Electricity is produced as a
result of the conversion of aerodynamic force into generator rotation.

Chemical PROCESS

There are now more than 600 wind turbines in 19 wind energy developments in South Africa.
South Africa's wind resources are rated as fair to reasonable on a global scale.Wind energy is
a clean, abundant, and sustainable source of energy. Wind energy generation is an alternative
to burning fossil fuels because it doesn't release greenhouse gases.

Currently, a number of electricity companies provide their consumers with power from wind
farms.Independent wind turbines are mainly used for communications or water pumping. But
wind turbines can also help ranchers, farmers, and homeowners in breezy locations lower
their electricity costs.

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCING

Energy.gov. 2022. How Do Wind Turbines Work? | Department of Energy. [ONLINE]

Available at: https://www.energy.gov/eere/wind/how-do-wind-turbines-work#:~:text=Wind
%20turns%20the%20propeller%2Dlike,a%20generator%2C%20which%20creates
%20electricity.. [Accessed 10 August 2022].

Power & Beyond. 2022. What is wind energy? Definition, types and more. [ONLINE]
Available at: https://www.power-and-beyond.com/what-is-wind-energy-definition-types-and-
more-a-e95f3c16c898e889f0757f62ee91038d/. [Accessed 10 August 2022].

Wind Energy | National Geographic Society. 2022. Wind Energy | National Geographic
Society. [ONLINE] Available at: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/wind-
energy. [Accessed 10 August 2022].
Wikipedia. 2022. Renewable energy in South Africa - Wikipedia. [ONLINE] Available
at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_South_Africa#:~:text=On%20the
%20international%20scale%2C%20South,alternative%20to%20burning%20fossil%20fuels..
[Accessed 10 August 2022].