Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences and Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of

Intelligence:

- Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences is all about the several distinct intelligences,
including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal,
intrapersonal, and naturalist intelligences. On the other hand, Robert Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of
Intelligence suggests that intelligence is not a single, fixed quality but is composed of three aspects;
analytical intelligence that talks about problem-solving and academic abilities, practical intelligence for
everyday problem-solving and adaptability, and creative intelligence for innovative thinking.

These two prominent theories of intelligence have garnered a considerable amount of attention,
both theories seek to understand human intelligence and Both theories challenge the traditional view of
a single, general intelligence. They also recognize that intelligence can manifest in different forms and
emphasize the importance of individual differences. Additionally, Both theories acknowledge the
complexity of intelligence and emphasize its multidimensional nature. They agree that traditional IQ
tests might not capture the full range of human cognitive abilities. At the same time, they have still
things that make them differ from each other. In comparison, Gardner's theory emphasizes the
existence of multiple, relatively independent, and broader ranges of intelligences such as interpersonal
and bodily-kinesthetic whereas Sternberg focuses on the practical application of intelligence in real-life
situations and emphasizes the importance of adaptability and creativity. Additionally, Gardner's theory
identifies multiple specific intelligences, each relatively independent of the others. These intelligences
are not hierarchical and another thing, this places significant importance on recognizing and developing
individual strengths and talents across multiple domains. Whereas Sternberg's theory focuses on three
broad aspects of intelligence, suggesting that they work together rather than being separate
intelligence. His theory explicitly includes the concepts of adaptability and practical problem-solving as
essential components of intelligence.
In education, Gardner's theory had a significant impact on educational practices, fostering a
more inclusive and diversified approach to teaching and assessment. Gardner's theory suggests that
teaching should cater to students' diverse intelligences. Educators can use various teaching methods
and assessment tools to accommodate different types of intelligence in the classroom and in real-life
applications, Gardner encourages a broader appreciation of human abilities and talents which has led to
the development of diverse educational programs and curriculum designs that focus on multiple
intelligences. At the same time, Sternberg’s theory provides a practical framework for understanding
intelligence in a wider context, emphasizing the importance of applying intelligence to real-life
situations. Sternberg’s theory encourages educators to foster not only academic skills but also practical
problem-solving and creative thinking in students. This theory Is also often used in workplace and
organizational contexts to assess and develop employees' problem-solving abilities, adaptability, and
creativity.
In conclusion, both Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory and Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of
Intelligence offer valuable perspectives on the nature of intelligence. They have influenced educational
practices and real-life applications by encouraging a more comprehensive view of intelligence and a
focus on individual strengths and practical problem-solving. While they have their differences, they
contribute to a more nuanced understanding of cognitive abilities.