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    1. The document discusses meiosis in onion flower buds through questions about the differences between mitosis and meiosis, the stages of meiosis I and II, and the significance of crossing over. 2. Meiosis results in haploid gametes through two divisions and genetic recombination via crossing over, which introduces variation among offspring. 3. Meiosis II is needed to separate sister chromatids and restore the original chromosome number after reduction division in Meiosis I.

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    1. The document discusses meiosis in onion flower buds through questions about the differences between mitosis and meiosis, the stages of meiosis I and II, and the significance of crossing over. 2. Meiosis results in haploid gametes through two divisions and genetic recombination via crossing over, which introduces variation among offspring. 3. Meiosis II is needed to separate sister chromatids and restore the original chromosome number after reduction division in Meiosis I.

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    4 views2 pages

    STD 12 MEIOSIS 2021 898485043

    Uploaded by

    sujalkalal16
    1. The document discusses meiosis in onion flower buds through questions about the differences between mitosis and meiosis, the stages of meiosis I and II, and the significance of crossing over. 2. Meiosis results in haploid gametes through two divisions and genetic recombination via crossing over, which introduces variation among offspring. 3. Meiosis II is needed to separate sister chromatids and restore the original chromosome number after reduction division in Meiosis I.

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    of 2

    Std.

    12 Practical
    Study of meiosis in onion flower bud
    Questions
    1. Differentiate between :
    a. Mitosis and Meiosis

    Mitosis Meiosis
    1. Takes place in all cells. 1. Takes place in spore forming or
    gamete forming cells.
    2. The number of chromosomes in the 2. It is reduced to the half after meiosis.
    daughter cells remains constant.
    3. Crossing over does not take place. 3. Crossing over takes place

    b. Anaphase-I and Anaphase-II


    Anaphase-I Anaphase-II
    1. The chromosome number is reduced to 1. The chromosome number remains the
    the half. same.
    2. The homologous chromosomes of a 2. Chromatids are separated.
    bivalent are separated.

    c. Metaphase-I and Mitotic metaphase


    Metaphase-I Mitotic metaphase
    1. Pairs of homologous chromosomes 1. Chromosomes are arranged randomly
    (bivalents) are arranged at the at the equatorial plane.
    equatorial plane.
    2. Only one chromosome of a bivalent is 2. The chromosomes are connected to
    connected to the pole. both the poles.

    d. Zygotene and Pachytene


    Zygotene Pachytene
    Crossing over does not take place . Crossing over takes place between the
    homologous chromosomes.

    2. Significance of Meiosis:
    a. Crossing over results in new genetic combinations and therefore variations in
    the progeny.
    b. Haploid gametes are formed.
    c. Helps to restore the chromosomes number constant in the progeny.

    3. Why should Meiosis-II occur, when a reduction in the chromosome number has
    already taken place in Meiosis-I?
    Ans: Meiosis-II is an equational division, as good as mitosis. After meiosis-each cell
    receives chromosomes which have two chromatids. They should get separated from
    each other so as to restore the number.

    4. What is crossing over?


    Ans: Crossing over is a phenomenon in which the non-sister chromatids of homologous
    chromosomes cross over each other, thereby exchanging their parts reciprocally.
    It leads to recombinations.

    5. Enlist different stages of Prophase-I.


    Ans: Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene and Diakinesis.

    IN THE BOXES, SKETCH THE DIAGRAMS OF THE FOLLOWING AND LABEL THEM–
    (a) PACHYTENE,
    (b) METAPHASE-I,
    (c) ANAPHASE-I ,
    (d) TELOPHASE-II & CYTOKINESIS

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