Motion, Speed &

Velocity
 Motion
● Change in position
● Can be straight, horizontal
and vertical
● It can be curvilinear- that
follows certain path , it is
also circular or rotational
Distance
Displacement
● Is the shortest distance that you travelled from your
starting point to your final destination
Speed
● Is a force, distance with respect to time.
● Speed is a measure of distance per unit of
time, or simply we tell how fast one move
● Speed is per unit of time
● Speed is directly proportional with distance
but, time is inversely proportional to speed
 Velocity
● Velocity=Displacement over time
● The higher the displacement greater will be your
velocity the shorter your time the greater will be
your velocity.
 Uniform motion Non-Uniform Motion

● Instantaneous
speed
● Speed at
certain instant
Acceleration
● How fast is the change in motion
● Velocity per unit of time
FREE FALL
● A body is
influenced only
by the pull of
gravity.
 Let’s Investigate
Which will reach the ground first?

A piece of paper vs. notebook

Crumpled paper vs. notebook

Do heavier objects fall faster than lighter object
In the presence of
air resistance,
heavier objects
fall faster than
lighter objects. Aristotle
50 BC
Characteristics of Free Fall
● There are two important characteristics
of free-falling objects:
● Free-falling objects do not encounter air
resistance.
● All free-falling objects (on earth)
accelerate downwards at a rate of 9.8
m/s/s (m/s2)
● The acceleration due to gravity is
denoted with the symbols ag or g (on the
surface of the earth)
“In the absence of air
resistance,
all bodies regardless
of its size, shape and
mass will fall at the
same RATE of
9.8m/s2.” Galileo
1525 AD
 Kinematics Equations
vf = vi + a t vf = a t

vf2 = vi2 + 2 a d vf2 = 2 a d

d = vi + vf ʈ d = vf ʈ
2 2
! !
d = vi ʈ + 𝑎 𝑡 2 d=" 𝑎𝑡2
"

FREE FALL
 Kinematics Equations
vf = vi + g t vf = g t

vf2 = vi2 + 2 g d vf2 = 2 gd

d = vi + vf ʈ d = vf ʈ
2 2

! !
d = vi ʈ + " 𝑔𝑡 2 d= 𝑔𝑡 2
"
FREE FALL
Miss E. deWater, the former platform diver of the
Ringling Brothers’ Circus, dives from a 19.6-meterhigh
platform into a shallow bucket of water (see diagram
at right). Complete the data below.

Time (s) Velocity (m/s) Distance Fallen (m)

0 0 0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0
Miss E. deWater, the former platform diver of the
Ringling Brothers’ Circus, dives from a 19.6-meterhigh
platform into a shallow bucket of water (see diagram
at right). Complete the data below.

Time (s) Velocity (m/s) Distance Fallen (m)

0 0 0

0.5 4.9 m/s 1.2 m

1.0 9.8 m/s 4.9 m

1.5 15 m/s 11 m

2.0 20 m/s 20 m
Objectives:
● Describe motion in two dimensions.
● Describing the horizontal and vertical
motions of a projectile.
 Projectile
● A body thrown in the air which
followed a curved path due to the
influence of gravity.
● A combination of two types of motion:
Horizontal Motion (Uniform Motion)
and Vertical Motion (Free Fall)
Uniform Motion
Projectile motion Case 1
● Height- displacement along
the y- axis
● Range- displacement along x-
axis
● Path- Trajectory

● 𝑣 =$#

● 𝑣𝑥 ="! !
 dx= (vx) t
=20 (m/s) 5.0 s
=100m

= (0.5)
(9.8m/s2)(5.0s)
=122.5m

How long was the time of flight?

How far did the canon ball travelled along
the ground?
How high was the canon ball travelled
above the ground?
Sample Problems:
● A woman holds a hose 0.8 m above the ground such that the
water shoots out horizontally. The water hits the ground at a
point 2 m away. What is the speed with which the water leaves
the hose?
Sample Problems:
● A stone is dropped from the edge of a cliff. What is its velocity
in m/s after 2.5 s? how far does it fall at this time?
Sample Problems:
● A ball is rolled off the edge of a dining table 1.5 m high with
horizontal velocity of 2.2 m/s. With what velocity does it strike
the ground? How far from the edge of the table does it land on
the floor?