1.

What is the process called when a liquid becomes hot enough for gas to form within the liquid and not
just at the surface?

Answer: Boiling

2. At what specific temperature does boiling take place for each pure liquid?

Answer: The boiling point

3. Which liquid has a lower boiling point and is more volatile: water or ethanol?

Answer: Ethanol

4. What is the term used to describe the reverse process of evaporation?

Answer: Condensation

5. How is condensation usually brought about?

Answer: By cooling

6. Can a gas be condensed into a liquid without cooling by increasing pressure?

Answer: Yes

7. What is the visible cloud of steam composed of in a kettle as water boils?

Answer: Droplets of liquid water formed by condensation

8. Define the term "boiling" in relation to the process of a liquid turning into a gas.

Answer: The process of change from liquid to gas at the boiling point of the substance, where gas
bubbles are able to form within the liquid.

9. What is the boiling point of water?

Answer: 100 °C
10. What happens during condensation, and what is released?

Answer: A vapor or gas changes into a liquid, and heat is given out to the surroundings.

11. What is a pure substance?

Answer: A single chemical element or compound without impurities.

12. What can the precise melting and boiling points of a pure substance be used for?

Answer: They can be used to test the purity of a sample and identify unknown substances.

13. How can the melting point of a solid be measured?

Answer: It can be measured using an electrically heated melting-point apparatus or other specialized
apparatus.

14. How do the melting and boiling points of a substance in relation to room temperature determine its
state?

Answer: If the melting point is below 25 °C and the boiling point is above 25 °C, the substance will be a
liquid at room temperature.

15. Why are the values for the melting and boiling points of a pure substance considered precise and
predictable?

Answer: The values for the melting and boiling points of a pure substance are consistent and can be
determined with accuracy, allowing for reliable testing and identification.