WORK

AND
ENERGY
Ahli kumpulan:
1. Sorfina Aina Binti Ismail
2. Nurul Izuwanie Maishara Binti Rusydy
3. Mathilda Durie Anak Rowney
 DEFINITION
Work and energy are
Also, energy is closely related to each
other. Work can also be
defined as the WORK AND defined as the transfer
capacity to do ENERGY of energy.
work.

In Physics, for two objects, the work done is defined as the

transfer of energy from the first object to the second object.
 WORK AND ENERGY EQUATIONS
It is the resultant of the force applied (F) and the amount of displacement (d) and is
articulated by the equation
W = F.d
Power describes the rate at which work is done. It is articulated as
P = W/t
The energy or work is articulated in Newton-meter (Nm) or Joules or kg.m2/s2. 1 Joule is
defined as the amount of heat released when a force of 1 newton acts over one meter of
distance.
Ever wondered what happens when the work is done against gravity?
When the work done is against gravity, the amount of work done will be equal to the product
of the weight of an object and the height through which the object is lifted.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WORK AND ENERGY
Work
Work is defined as transferring energy
into an object so that there is some
displacement.
Work done is always the same.
The mathematical representation of
work is W = F.d where F is the force
applied and d is the displacement of
the object.
Energy
Energy is defined as the
ability to do work.
Energy can be of different types
such as kinetic and potential energy.
The mathematical representation of
energy for kinetic energy is KE = 1/2
mv2 and for potential energy is PE =
mgh where, m is the mass, v is the
velocity, g is the acceleration due to
gravity, and h is the height.
 APPLICATION

1.Work energy theorem to calculate loss of energy:

We can calculate the loss of energy due to resistive forces easily using
work energy theorem. A ball thrown upwards keeps on losing kinetic
energy as potential energy. We see that the potential energy gained is
less than the kinetic energy lost. The actual height reached by the ball
must have been a little more. Where did this energy go? It was
dissipated as heat due to air resistance which can be calculate using
Work Energy Theorem.
APPLICATION
 APPLICATION

We can also this theorem to find the drag force on a car and design it
accordingly so that the change in kinetic energy is minimised. This will
improve the fuel efficiency of the car.
 APPLICATION

Similarly, we can use this theorem to calculate heat dissipated during

braking and choose the tyre material accordingly which can withstand this
heat.
 APPLICATION

2.Designing of Roller Coaster tracks:

Such dangerous roller coaster tracks are designed keeping in mind the
law of conservation of energy. The roller coaster carts are always
imparted a particular velocity on the ground such that it easily completes
the circular trajectory in the vertical plane. On reaching the topmost
point, the carts should not stop or else it will be a fatal accident. The
kinetic energy imparted at the bottom point should be sufficient such that
it is converted into the potential energy and still some part of it remains
to keep the cart in contact with the track.
APPLICATION

CENTRIPETAL FORCE IS A
FORCE THAT ACTS ON A BODY
MOVING IN A CIRCULAR PATH
AND IS DIRECTED TOWARDS
THE CENTRE AROUND WHICH
THE BODY IS MOVING.
 APPLICATION

3.Spring as a shock absorber:

By studying the amount of potential energy that can be stored in a spring,
we can design shock absorber systems. The impact or jerk on the vehicles
wheel compresses the spring which gets stored in the spring as its elastic
potential energy. The energy is then released slowly once the spring
comes back to its equilibrium position.
 APPLICATION

4.Deciding power ratings of machines:

Power ratings of various machines like motors, cranes is used to determine whether will be
suitable to lift a particular load or not. This means, we can judge by their power ratings if a
particular machine is capable of delivering required rate of work with respect to time. If we
need to do work 400 joules of work on a load for 1 seconds, then a motor of power rating 250
W would be unable to deliver 400 Joule in just 1 second! This is because it is rated at 250
watts, i.e. 250 joules per second.
 APPLICATION

5.Analysing crash test of automobiles:

Inelastic collisions are often observed during automobile accidents. The loss of kinetic energy
is dissipated as heat, crash sound and used up in deforming the car. The automobile
manufacturers study the various possibilities of crash through crash tests and model the
vehicle such that the minimum impact reaches the drivers and passengers. The lost kinetic
energy of the vehicle can cause fatal injuries. So the efforts are put to dissipate the kinetic
energy using shock absorbent chassis and airbags.
 SUMMARY
Work, Energy, and Power are inter-related and are often used together in
as much as they have different methods of deriving or solving practice
questions with their formulas respectively. When a force acts on an object
and the object moves in the direction of force, then work is said to be done.
Energy is defined as the ability or capability to do work. Power is defined as
the time rate of doing work.
 GLOSSARY
Term and Definition
Resistive forces
A resistive force on a moving object is a force opposing
the motion of that object, or a force preventing a
stationary object from moving. Resistive forces always act
in the opposing direction to its motion.

Work energy theorem

is the idea that energy and work can be directly
exchanged for one another.

Potential energy
Energy of an object due to its position. Gravitional
potential energy depends on weight and height.

Kinetic energy
Energy of motion. Amount depends on speed and mass.
 GLOSSARY
Term and Definition
Dissipated
to break up and scatter or vanish

law of conservation of energy

states that energy can neither be created nor be
destroyed. Although, it may be transformed from one
form to another. If you take all forms of energy into
account, the total energy of an isolated system always
remains constant.

trajectory
The trajectory of a moving object is the path that it
follows as it moves.
 GLOSSARY
Term and Definition
equilibrium position
the condition of a system when neither its state of motion
nor its internal energy state tends to change with time.

shock absorbent chassis

Along with smoothening out bumps and vibrations, the
key role of the shock absorber is to ensure that the
vehicle's tyres remain in contact with the road surface at
all times, which ensures the safest control and braking
response from your car.
THANK YOU!