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ANH 12 UNIT 3 – THE GREEN MOVEMENT

Vocabulary

asthma /ˈæsmə/ (n): bệnh hen, bệnh suyễn

biomass /ˈbaɪəʊmæs/ (n): nguyên liệu tự nhiên từ động thực vật, sinh khối

bronchitis /brɒŋˈkaɪtɪs/ (n): bệnh viêm phế quản

clutter /ˈklʌtə(r)/ (n): tình trạng bừa bộn, lộn xộn

combustion /kəmˈbʌstʃən/(n): sự đốt cháy

conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/(n): sự bảo tồn

deplete /dɪˈpliːt/ (v): rút hết, làm cạn kiệt

dispose of /dɪˈspəʊz əv/ (v): vứt bỏ

geothermal /ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/ (adj): (thuộc) địa nhiệt

habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ (n): môi trường sống

mildew /ˈmɪl.dʒuː/ (n): nấm mốc

mould /məʊld/ (n): mốc, meo

organic /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ (adj): không dùng chất nhân tạo, hữu cơ

pathway /ˈpɑːθweɪ/ (n): đường mòn, lối nhỏ

preservation /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/ (n): sự giữ gìn

promote /prəˈməʊt/ (v): thúc đẩy, phát triển

purification /ˌpjʊərɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/(n): sự làm sạch, sự tinh chế

replenish /rɪˈplenɪʃ/ (v): làm đầy lại, bổ sung

soot /sʊt/ (n): bồ hóng

sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ (n): bền vững

hazardous /ˈhæz.ə.dəs/ (adj): nguy hiểm

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Quiz

Fill in the blanks with the words from the box

hazardous dispose of asthma replenished combustion

1. A thin, athletic woman came to see me because of worsening _______ and allergies.

2. Dialing a phone was also ___________, though talking did not raise accident rates.

3. Food stocks were ___________ by imports from abroad.

4. Fuel ___________ produces energy to run machines.

5. The agency has put an end to new efforts to __________ hazardous waste in sensitive
environmental areas.

Grammar

1. Câu đơn (Simple Sentence)

✓ Chỉ có 1 mệnh đề chính, gồm 1 chủ ngữ và 1 động từ.

✓ Chủ ngữ có thể là 2 danh từ nối với nhau bằng “and”, hoặc có 2 động từ nối với nhau
bằng “and”

✓ Ex: I went to the supermarket yesterday.

Mary and Tom are playing tennis.

2. Câu ghép (Compound Sentence)

❑ Gồm 2 mệnh đề chính, nối nhau bằng liên từ (như and, but, so, or...)

❑ Trước các liên từ, phải có dấu phẩy hoặc dấu chấm phẩy

❑ Ex: His father is a doctor, and his mother is a writer.

We missed the bus, so we came to work late.

3. Câu phức (Complex Sentence)

✓ Có 1 mệnh đề chính (independent clause) và 1 hay nhiều mệnh đề phụ (dependent

clause) (thường là 1 mệnh đề phụ).

✓ Hai mệnh đề thường được nối với nhau bởi các liên từ phụ thuộc.

✓ Ex: When I came, they were watching TV.

We'll go out if the rain stops.

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4. Đại từ quan hệ “which”

❑ Trong 1 mệnh đề không hạn định, “which” có thể được dùng để thay thế cho toàn bộ
mệnh đề đã được đề cập trước đó.

❑ Mệnh đề which được ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy

❑ Không dùng “that” trong trường hợp này.

❑ Ex: Burning coal is main source of carbon dioxide emissions, which can cause global
warming.

Quiz

1. Some foods taste good, ____ they do not have many nutrients.

A. and B. but

2. The water in this river is seriously polluted, ____ places some species of native fish in
danger of extinction.

A. which B. that

PRACTICE

Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined

1. A. renewable B. deplete C. replenish D. preservation

2. A. mild B. mildew C. mile D. pile

Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others

3. A. habitat B. promotion C. bronchitis D. replenish

4. A. benefit B. organic C. generate D. biomass

Choose the correct answer for the questions

5. Water ______ is essential during the summer months.

A. depletion B. conservation C. purification D. pathway

6. An example of ______ is plant material that produces electricity with steam.

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A. biomass B. fossil fuel C. energy D. power

7. There was no food in the refrigerator, so she had to visit the grocery store to ______ their
supply.

A. replace B. make full C. fulfill D. replenish

8. Many native plants have been seriously ______ by the introduction of exotic plants which
are taking over.

A. depleted B. caused C. disposed D. spoilt

9. Too many products come in ______ packaging, and it’s so wasteful.

A. disposed B. disposing C. disposable D. disposal

10. China, India, Nepal, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, and other nations of Asia are
making substantial commitments to _______ their natural resources.

A. conserve B. conserving C. conservation D. be conserved

11. It is stated that we are now in the first stage of a battle for the _______ of life on the
Earth.

A. purification B. sustainability C. conservation D. responsibility

12. Nuclear power plants produce a lot of dangerous waste that they continually need to
_______.

A. replenish B. dispose of C. replace D. get rid

13. Plant shade trees to reduce summer heat ______ reduce watering needs in summer
months.

A. and B. but C. so D. or

14. We should reuse old items _______ we throw them out.

A. when B. until C. before D. after

15. Employees are supplied with reusable coffee cups _____ they will use fewer disposable
cups.

A. although B. but C. when D. so that

16. Young people are starting to practise simple green living, ______ will help to save our
planet for future generations.

A. that B. which C. what D. it

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Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)

17. For environmental safety, we need to find ways to reduce emission of fumes and smoke
of factories.

A. leak B. release C. poison D. pollutant

18. Nylon is a man-made fibre, the use of which has helped more people to have cheaper and
more colorful clothes to wear.

A. natural B. plastic C. genuine D. artificial

Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)

19. If we continue to deplete our planets natural resources, we will damage the environment
significantly.

A. use up B. add to C. reduce D. exhaust

20. Poverty in many African countries increases the likelihood that people poach animals to
earn their living.

A. chance B. prospect C. possibility D. improbability

Choose the correct answer

Simple ways you can help make a difference

During high school, it’s easy to become stressed out in balancing a number of (21) ______,
including spending time with friends, family, studying, participating in extracurricular
activities, and planning for the future. But between all the stress and pressure of keeping up
with your various activities, it’s important to make contribute to the community, and make (22)
_____ to protect the environment. So here are a few tips on ways you and other teens can “go
green.” One of the easiest ways teens can go green is simply to turn off the lights. Open up the
curtains and (23) ______ the natural sunlight brighten up the room, or turn off the lights and
fans when you leave a room that no one else is in. Studies have indicated that (24) _____
electricity helps to reduce global warming. Another way to go green is to use your bike, or
walk. Using your bike or walking also reduces carbon (25) ____, and it is a great way to
exercise.

21. A. forces B. prohibitions C. regulations D. obligations

22. A. achievements B. efforts C. contributions D. dedications

23. A. let B. allow C. help D. try

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24. A. keeping B. cutting C. producing D. conserving

25. A. emissions B. cycles C. releases D. storage

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer.

Make Home a Little Nicer

Some people think that if they don’t have a yard, they can’t keep a garden. Fortunately, that’s
not true. For people who live in apartment buildings, there is another option: rooftop gardens.

A rooftop garden is just a garden that you keep on your roof. Rooftop gardens are very popular
in cities. Most building roofs go to waste - people don’t use that space for anything. Putting a
garden on your roof is a nice way to turn an empty space into something that is pretty and
relaxing.

Rooftop gardens are not a new idea. About 2,600 years ago, people in Ancient Mesopotamia
planted rooftop gardens. There were similar gardens in Ancient Rome and Ancient Egypt.
These gardens had a very important purpose. Many ancient cities had walls. The enemy army
usually tried to destroy the city’s food, so the people in the city kept their gardens on top of
their walls. That way, they could continue to grow food.

Today’s rooftop gardens don’t keep us alive, but they still have nice benefits. Plants absorb
heat, so if there are a lot of them on a rooftop, they make the whole building cooler. As a result,
people in the building use the air conditioning less which means they use less electricity. One
study said that if every roof in Tokyo had a garden, the city would save more than one million
dollars a day on electricity.

Rooftop gardening is harder than regular gardening. Here are some tips. First of all, be safe.
Build a fence around your garden. You don’t want the wind to blow plants off your roof! Also,
remember that rooftop gardens get more sun. If you have a plant that shouldn’t get too much
sun, remember to put it in the shade sometimes.

There are many other things that you need to know before you start a rooftop garden. Do some
research and then give it a try. You’ll make your little part of the city much nicer.

26. Why did people in ancient cities have rooftop gardens?

A. They needed them to survive.

B. They made the cities prettier.

C. They helped people save money.

D. They made the cities cooler.

27. What can rooftop gardens do for a building?

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A. They can make the building warmer.

B. They can make rent in the building cheaper.

C. They can make the building cooler.

D. They can make the building safer.

28. Why should you build a fence around a rooftop garden?

A. A fence will stop the plants from blowing off.

B. A fence will help you save money.

C. A fence will make the plants grow safer.

D. A fence will keep the plants cooler.

29. The word “they” in paragraph 4 refers to _________.

A. plants B. people C. buildings D. rooftop gardens

30. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

A. You should do research before you start a rooftop garden.

B. Rooftop gardening is easier than regular gardening.

C. Rooftop gardening is harder than regular gardening.

D. Rooftop gardens get more sun.

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