Operations Management

Q. 1
Ans:
Introduction:
Choosing a location for business is tied in with getting your business in a good position.
You shouldn't simply pick the trendiest structure or the least expensive posting. You want
to place careful idea into where you need to lay out your business. All things considered;
your business location isn't something you can without much of a stretch change. Your
business location establishes the vibe for your business. It adds to customers' thought
process of your business. The business location decides how well you will do. Picking a
location isn't an undertaking you ought to take lightly. Several factors that impact location
positioning incorporate the location of unrefined substances, nearness to the market,
environment, and culture. Models for assessing whether a location is best for an
association comprise of cost-profit investigation for locations, the focal point of gravity
model, the transportation model, and component rating.
Concept:
The most important phase in making any new facility is setting an unmistakable vision.
Before distinguishing and surveying properties, health care organizations should frame
what they trust the finished facility will seem to be, the way it will work, whom it will
serve and its position in the more extensive region.
For example, a health care association fostering a walking a medical procedure place
might need to consider where its current or target patient base is found, how much case
volume it expects, when it hopes to open its entryways and what, if any, extra subordinate
administrations it might need to remember for the structure. These variables will assist
with molding everything from the size and design of the facility to contemplations for an
ideal location.
Best Decision criteria for facility location-
Here are the elements you want to consider on your health care facility site selection
process:
Your healthcare facility type
Understanding the interest of the facility you're overseeing is urgent while settling on a
sound conclusion about your training.
Patients these days have a wide exhibit of health care decisions. A few types of clinical
facilities may not be as popular to the number of inhabitants in a specific region.
High-traffic regions are ideal for hospital facilities. Clinics are fundamental in both
metropolitan and provincial regions.
Here are the 4 types of health facilities:
1. Hospital. This is an all day, every day facility giving transient care to patients with
intense and ongoing health issues because of wounds, illnesses, or hereditary
irregularities. Hospitals unite profoundly gifted doctors with various claims to fame,
nursing staff, clinical professionals, health managers, and particular gear.
Hospitals are commonly found all over the place - from metropolitan urban communities
to territorial sites in the provincial regions. Contingent upon the finding, a hospital might
allude a patient to another close by health care facility like an outpatient clinic.
2. Outpatient Clinic. An outpatient care clinic can be an essential care clinic, critical
care clinic, test and imaging focus, particular clinic, and local area health clinic.
Clinicians frequently offer types of assistance like wellbeing and avoidance programs,
analytic systems, medicines, and treatments that don't need for the time being
hospitalization.
3. Doctor's Office. This clinical facility is normally made out of a clinical expert zeroing
in on a particular kind of medication. Along with a predetermined number of partners and
medical attendants, they convey clinical care for patients with intense circumstances that
don't require quick mediation.
4. Nursing Home. Nursing homes are intended for patients who need steady clinical care
without hospitalization.
Albeit the facility is frequently connected with seniors who require custodial care, it can
serve patients, everything being equal.
Your target customer
Who is your target patient populace? Might you at any point give quality clinical care
administration while developing your funds?
Do information research on the populace measurements in your target location to decide
if it accommodates your calling and strength.
Find out likewise assuming your target market in your picked region is developing or
declining. Despite the fact that it's great to be in a high-traffic region, breaking into a
little, developing local area is likewise savvy since you don't have numerous contests.
Your opposition
Really look at the populace proficient proportion of your ideal regions and break down
which ones have a greater amount of your target patient market with less clinical contest.
Perceivability is significant however in the event that there are now high-profile rivalries
in your ideal location, finding other appropriate places is best.
Patient comfort
Put yourself in the shoes of your target patients. Definitely, you wouldn't partake in the
problem of making a trip far to one more city to get treated. You would despise it as well
in the event that the hospital has unfortunate stopping access.
The accommodation of your ideal location to your target patients can urge them to visit
you frequently and allude you to their family, companions, and colleagues too.
Consider sharing office space
Shared spaces are frequently suggested for beginning or humble clinical practices. Along
these lines, you can limit your dangers and save money on working expenses.
Sharing spaces additionally empowers you to customize your clinic or office and make it
more inviting to patients.
Conclusion:
Despite the fundamental occupation of clinics in health organization movement in a
failures and emergencies and the effect of clinic location on the idea of these
organizations, scarcely any articles have considered takes a chance as the criteria for
Health site selection (HSS). Cost and solicitation are two get-togethers of criteria that
have been watched out for even more a large part of the time in HSS studies. The
decision makers should probably organize the primary objectives of clinical clinic
working with the HSS criteria according to the arrangement of site selection and the
availability of information and resources.

Q. 2
Ans:
Introduction:
Plant layout alludes to the actual game plan of production facilities. It is the setup of
divisions, work focuses and gear in the change process. It is a story plan of the actual
facilities, which are utilized in production. Plant layout is an arrangement of an ideal
game plan of facilities including faculty, working gear, extra room, material taking care
of hardware and any remaining supporting administrations alongside the plan of best
construction to contain this multitude of facilities. The term Plant layout is principally
used to address the actual plan of a plant and various pieces of a plant. The game plan of
machines, gear's and other modern facilities like getting and delivering divisions, device
rooms, support rooms and worker conveniences which helps in accomplishing fast and
interfered with stream of production exercises at least expense is generally alluded to as
plant layout.
Concept:
Layouts can be characterized into the accompanying classifications:
Process Layout
Process layout is suggested for bunch production. All machines performing comparable
kind of tasks are gathered at one location in the process layout e.g., all machines,
processing machines, and so forth are assembled in the shop will be bunched in like
gatherings.
Subsequently, in process layout the plan of facilities are assembled by their capabilities.
An ordinary process layout is displayed in the accompanying figure. The stream ways of
material through the facilities starting with one useful region then onto the next shift from
one product to another. Generally the ways are long and there will probability of
backtrack.
Product Layout
In this kind of layout, machines and assistant administrations are situated by the
processing succession of the product. In the event that the volume of production of at
least one products is enormous, the facilities can be set up to accomplish proficient
progression of materials and lower cost per unit. Specific reason machines are utilized
which perform the necessary capability rapidly and dependably.
The product layout is chosen when the volume of production of a product is high to such
an extent that a different production line to fabricate it tends to be legitimate. In a severe
product layout, machines are not shared by various products. Therefore, the production
volume should be adequate to accomplish good use of the hardware. A commonplace
product layout is displayed in the accompanying figure.
Combination Layout
A combination of process and product layouts joins the benefits of the two types of
layouts. A combination layout is conceivable where a thing is being made in various
types and sizes. Here hardware is organized in a process layout yet the process gathering
is then organized in a grouping to fabricate different types and sizes of products. It is to
be noticed that the grouping of activities stays same with the range of products and sizes.
The accompanying figure shows a combination kind of layout for assembling different
measured gears.
Fixed Position Layout
This is likewise called the venture sort of layout. In this sort of layout, the material, or
significant parts stay in a fixed location and devices, hardware, men and different
materials are brought to this location. This kind of layout is reasonable when one or a
couple of bits of indistinguishable weighty products are to be made and when the
gathering comprises of huge number of weighty parts, the expense of transportation of
these parts is extremely high.

Product Layout is appropriate for Restaurant -

A product layout is one in which gear and undertakings are organized by the dynamic
steps engaged with delivering a solitary product. Many drive-through joints utilize the
product layout with exercises related with delivering the goods organized in grouping.
The product layout is viewed as proficient when the association creates huge volumes of
indistinguishable things. This duplication of capabilities can be practical provided that the
volume of products created is sufficiently high to keep every region chipping away at the
specific products.
Good points:
1. The progression of product will be smooth and consistent in stream lines.
2. In-process stock is less.
3. Throughput time is less.
4. Minimum material dealing with cost.
5. Simplified production, arranging and control frameworks are conceivable.
6. Less space is involved by work travel and for brief capacity.
7. Reduced material dealing with cost because of automated taking care of frameworks
and straight stream.
8. Perfect line adjusting which dispenses with bottlenecks and inactive limit.
9. Manufacturing cycle is short because of continuous progression of materials.
10. Small measure of work-in-process stock.
11. Unskilled specialists can learn and deal with the production.
Bottlenecks:
1. A breakdown of one machine in a product line might cause stoppages of machines in
the downstream of the line.
2. A change in product configuration might require significant adjustments in the layout.
3. The line yield is concluded by the bottleneck machine.
4. Comparatively high interest in supplies is required.
5. Lack of adaptability. An adjustment of product might require the facility change.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, plant layout is a significant thought. Along these lines various trained
professionals, for example, production engineer, materials dealing with planner,
prosperity designer and work focus on engineer, etc should all sit together to appear for
definitive best condition of layout. A capable plant layout is one that targets achieving
various objectives like powerful use of available floor space, limits cost, grants flexibility
of activity, obliges delegates comfort, further creates productivity, etc. In this way the
product layout definition makes sense of that a product layout is a precise way to deal
with orchestrating various machines in a successive request to give products. From the
product layout graph and product layout plan, obviously it is either line or a U-formed
structure. So before picking a layout for starting an industry, it is vital to learn and get a
consciousness of every layout and the distinctions between those layouts to come by
productive outcomes.

Q. 3 (a)
Ans:
Introduction:
Powerful operations management can include various obligations, contingent upon the
organization. An operations manager contacts all that from process plan to management
frameworks since they are liable for supervising and further developing how business
operations capability at an organization.
Concept:
Role of an Operations Manager -
The fundamental job of an operations manager is to manage all of the processes
productively so the association is helpful and there is a miserable counteraction to the
everyday operations.
Oversight of Financial Information and Budgets
A huge piece of an operations manager's responsibility is to supervise the creation and
organization of budgets inside every region of the organization. Solid pioneers will
consistently screen expenses and reduce an office's spending if important to stay with the
on financial plan. They will likewise participate in money saving advantage examination,
looking to acquire the best cost for materials and manage production strategies so that
result is at top effectiveness levels.
Regulate Production network and Stock
One more area of oversight is the management of store network methods and stock
following. For the production groups to work really they need to have a consistent
inventory of materials. Also once their occupation is finished, completed products should
be appropriately stocked and then conveyed the entryway and up the store network to
retailers or direct customers.
Workflow and Staffing
Operations managers likewise have a good handle on the staffing prerequisites of the
association. They work with HR to recruit and prepare new representatives and handle
disciplinary issues. Since they know about the necessities in every division, they can
change the workflow and reassign errands to further develop productivity in the activity.
Example -
Farce is an operations manager of a cell phone fabricating organization called "ABC ltd."
The organization needs to sell a clump of new telephones. Therefore, the obligations Sam
needs to satisfy are:
• Guarantee the products are intended to meet the criteria of customer assumptions
through investigation of past information.
• Anticipate the future necessities through examination and guarantee that the production
sum satisfies the need on the lookout.
• Secure the inventory network framework. It includes organizing unrefined substances
and conveying something similar, keeping up with existing stock, guaranteeing a fruitful
smooth production process, affirming the production numbers, disseminating them on the
lookout, and ensuring their deals.
• Guaranteeing there is no misfortune caused from the association's side by assessing the
expense and best choices that anyone could hope to find. This lessens the general expense
and above costs, effective processes, and opportune conveyance of goods and
administrations.
Conclusion:
Operations manager should have to consider many elements while creating a product.
They should pursue a choice to adjust the expense and nature of their product or
administration while choosing whether to re-appropriate, be creative with innovation or
have stock. Likewise, to decide to involve globalization as a methodology for the
business. The manager needs to maintain every legitimate strategy and decide to have or
to not have a business that is corporate socially dependable.
Q. 3 (b)
Ans:
Introduction:
Quality alludes to a bunch of attributes anticipated from products or administrations. It is
a combination of different factors like plan, performance, unwavering quality, wellbeing,
proficiency, viability, economy and idealness. List management incorporates the errands
of distributing information cards and expanding bargains through restricted time attempts.
It furthermore incorporates the commitment of processing orders, planning supports with
the rundown owner, and organizing fulfillment with the rundown owner's assistance
authority.
Concept:
You can quantify information quality on various dimensions with equivalent or
fluctuating loads, and normally the accompanying six key dimensions are utilized.
1. Completeness
This dimension can cover different characteristics relying upon the element. For customer
information, it shows the base information fundamental for a productive commitment. For
example, assuming the customer address incorporates a discretionary landmark trait,
information can be viewed as complete in any event, when the landmark information is
absent.
2. Accuracy
Information accuracy is the level to which information addresses this present reality
situation and affirms with an unquestionable source. Accuracy of information guarantees
that the related true substances can partake according to plan. An exact telephone number
of a worker ensures that the representative is generally reachable. Off base birth
subtleties, then again, can deny the worker of specific advantages.
3. Consistency
This dimension addresses on the off chance that a similar information put away and
utilized at different occasions matches. It is communicated as the percent of matched
values across different records. Information consistency guarantees that investigation
accurately catch and influence the worth of information. Consistency is challenging to
evaluate and requires arranged testing across different informational indexes.
4. Validity
This dimension implies that the worth credits are accessible for lining up with the
particular space or necessity. For example, Postal divisions are substantial assuming they
contain the right characters for the district. In a schedule, months are legitimate in the
event that they match the standard worldwide names. Utilizing business rules is an
orderly way to deal with evaluate the validity of information.
5. Uniqueness
This dimension shows in the event that it is a solitary kept occasion in the informational
collection utilized. Uniqueness is the most basic dimension for guaranteeing no
duplication or covers. Information uniqueness is estimated against all records inside an
informational index or across informational indexes.
6. Integrity
Information excursion and transformation across frameworks can influence its quality
connections. Integrity demonstrates that the traits are kept up with accurately, even as
information gets put away and utilized in different frameworks. Information integrity
guarantees that all undertaking information can be followed and associated.
Conclusion:
The assistance or product quality is described as those that meet the customer satisfaction.
Regardless of the way that there are various pieces of quality product or organization, the
end-client definition is principal since it expands the association advantage. Also, various
dimensions performance, features, steadfastness, durability, usefulness, style and wisdom
that form part of product quality are similarly being explored by the organizations.