PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

CLIMATOLOGY
PART 3 : INSOLATION, HEAT BUDGET &
TEMPERATURE INVERSION

SRISHTI IAS
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS
INSOLATION: (आतपन)
The amount of Solar Radiation recieved by
Earth's Surface.
Solar Constant= 2 Cal/cm2/min
Sub-Tropics recieve maximum insolation.
Most heated regions are found in Sub-
Tropics- Death Valley, California. Kebili,
Tunisia. Ethiopia. Aziziyah, Libya. Wadi Halfa,
Sudan. Dasht-e Lut, Iran. are some of the
most heated regions found in Sub-Tropics.
Lessser insolation at Equator due to the
presence of Clouds.
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

FACTORS AFFECTING SOLAR RADIATIONS:

सौर विकिरण को प्रभावित करने वाले कारक:
Rotation of Earth on its axis
Angle of inclination of Sun rays
The length of the day
Transparency of atmosphere
Configuration of land
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION ON EARTH'S

SURFACE पृथ्वी की सतह पर तापमान वितरण
Earth receive energy from the sun, so temperature
should increase away from the earth surface. But it
does not.
Earth gets heated not because of short wave solar
radiation but long wave terrestrial radiation
But If we go to top of the mountain, it gets cooler
(Adibatic Cooling)
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION ON EARTH'S

SURFACE पृथ्वी की सतह पर तापमान वितरण
Factors Controlling Temperature Distribution:

Lattitude of the place

Altitude of the place
Distance from Sea
Air Mass Circulation
Presence of war and cold ocean currents
Local Aspects
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

HEAT BUDGET: ऊष्मा बजट

Total Balance of Heat influx and Outflux on Earth's
Surface.
The average temperature of the earth 15 degree
Earth maintains influx and out-flux of the energy,
but out-flux is not immediate, it has long time gap.
That is why, the temperature is maintained.
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

HEAT BUDGET: ऊष्मा बजट First 35% absorbed by Ozone

layer
Then 15% by cloud cover
Only 50% energy reached to the
earth surface
20% is lost in latent heat of
evaporation 10% lost in sensible
heat (temperature of the body)
15% absorbed by GHGs
Remaining 5% was released in
the space
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

ALBEDO:
LIGHT RFLECTED
Ratio between the total
solar radiation falling upon
LIGHT TRANSMITTED a surface and the amount
reflected
LIGHT ABSORBED Represents as %
Earth’s avg. Albedo = 35%
Lowest- dark soil
highest - snowfall
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

TEMPERATURE INVERSION:

Cooler temperature near Earth's Surface. Temperature

rise as we go up.
CLIMATOLOGY SRISHTI IAS

TEMPERATURE INVERSION:
 SRISHTI IAS

Thank You