VON REO SEMILLA 10/7/23

BSN – B2 HES 032; MICROPAAR

SAS 4
Preview:

Eukaryotic Cell Both Prokaryotic cell

Nucleus Cell Membrane Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum Chromosomes Glycocalyx
Ribosomes Cytoplasm Pili
Golgi Complex Cell Wall Spores
Lysosomes Flagella Plasmid

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea

Check Your Understanding:

1. Ans: D. 2, 1, 4, 3
Ratio: The steps of Gram Procedure are as follows primary stain, mordant, decolorizer, and
secondary stain/ counter stain.
2. Ans: C. both statements are correct
Ratio: Ziehl-Neelsen Method is hot staining method while Kinyoun method is cold staining
method.
3. Ans: C. Mycoplasmas
Ratio: Mycoplasmas is a group of bacteria that lack rigid cell walls and take on irregular shapes.
4. Ans: C. Acid-fast staining
Ratio: Acid-fast staining is especially useful in the tuberculosis laboratory (TB lab) where the
mycobacteria are readily seen as red bacilli against a blue or green background in a sputum
specimen from a tuberculosis patient.
5. Ans: C. Lysozyme
Ratio: The cell wall of many gram-positive bacteria can be selectively removed by lysozyme.
 SAS 5

Check Your Understanding:

1. Ans: C. they obtain their energy and carbon atoms from chemicals
Ratio: Animals, fungi, and protozoa obtain their energy and carbon atoms from chemicals.
2. Ans: D. Transformation
Ratio: Transformation process is not involved in bacteriophages.
3. Ans: A. bacterial genes
Ratio: In transduction, bacterial acquire new genetic information in the form of bacterial genes.
4. Ans: C. Transformation
Ratio: Transformation is a process whereby naked DNA is absorbed into a bacterial cell.
5. Ans: D. Viral gene
Ratio: In lysogenic conversion, bacteria acquire new genetic information in the form of viral
gene.
6. Ans: D. Exoenzymes
Ratio: Saprophytic fungi can digest organic molecules outside of the organism by means of
exoenzymes.
7. Ans: C. ATP
Ratio: ATP is a molecule that are the major energy – storing or energy carrying molecules within
a cell.
8. Ans: A. apoenzymes
Ratio: Proteins that must link up with a cofactor to function as an enzyme called apoenzymes.
9. Ans: C. Chemotrophs
Ratio: Chemotrophs are organisms that use organic chemicals as an energy source.
10. Ans: D. Heterotrophs
Ratio: Heterotrophs are organisms that use organic compounds other than CO2 as their carbon
source.
 SAS 6

1. Temperature
2. Ph
3. Moisture
4. Barometric Pressure
5. Osmotic Pressure and salinity

Check your Understanding:

1. Ans: B. Mycobacterium
Ratio: It would be necessary to use a tuberculocidal agent to kill a particular species of
Mycobacterium.
2. Ans: D. Disinfection
Ratio: Pasteurization is an example of disinfection technique.
3. Ans: B. Lyophilization
Ratio: Lyophilization is the combination of freezing and drying.
4. Ans: D. Halophilic, thermophilic, and piezophillic
Ratio: Organisms that live in and around hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean are
halophilic, thermophilic, and piezophillic.
5. Ans: C. Shrink
Ratio: When placed into a hypertonic solution, a bacterial cell will shrink.
6. Ans: C. sporicidal
Ratio: Sporicidal disinfectant is used to prevent clostridium infection in a hospital setting.
7. Ans: A. an autoclave
Ratio: Sterilization can be accomplished by use of an autoclave.
8. Ans: D. Pathogens, all microorganisms
Ratio: The goal of medical asepsis is to kill pathogens, whereas the goal of surgical asepsis is to
kill all microorganisms.
9. Ans: B. MacConkey Agar
Ratio: MacConkey Agar is the type of culture media used in selective and differential.
10. Ans: D. Thayer – Martin Agar
Ratio: Thayer – Martin Agar is not used in a culture media type of enriched or selective.