A+ (U Zaw Lin)

You might also like

Download as pdf
Download as pdf
You are on page 1of 331
Ovsr Boo Over 50%coverol | 1225s) ta m$ygonze(mpeé: newiditep . . ZAW LIN (YOUTH) Computer Hardware Maintenance & SCIELO ae onySaeke Major Acknowledgement ~ The McGraw Hill Companies’ A+ Certification (All In One Exam Guide) Michael Meyers, Scott Jernigan gfjorsp5a09§, sococKl The McGraw Hill Companies! A+ Certification (All In One Exam Guide) Michael Meyers, Scott Jernigan or95y oRoS§oSoxa00f9§GEro0p0503 cpfeobSaornag’ cafoos monger eqn Bona Gaon ERE: Cee Cele UN CME NOS ee Meo LO ROUEN at CME Ce eu Ree cree het Ben Stocgifporep Ege cospSyp & — socBoonroep qobeqaSaoge mopStoqpEaontoohfifusordlonSs Pelee Ree (0) Music Creation with Cakewalk Pro Audio 9 (J Modern & Traditional Music Creation with FL Studio 4 (9) Computer Network Study Guide () Computer in Details (Over 60% Covered of Comptia A+ Exam) {ory02496) YOUTH Computer Co., Lt (2) eager G8 BferBoroseprofohing One Shot afSasasEfGapSoor1ca00 BfenopRorroSqpidlot earo88 () @fayorrocBGErgbogSqprsrofrpSracpeonfiEs + Computer Hardware & System Study Guide Interactive CD-Rom (Hello Computer) (P) e@FeqgorAGEGo88Scorxa00> $Esorans000$§ Music Sheet qprclofaop§ Rock Guitar BegpSs $88 (SpScogn Rock Guitar Study Guide) wocnsayel eagoce (eBccsebucdcoc$elones) capfoo ogee ag8ip eafegory$ oorbaefadonsS: Broonegtgerar%ae Eodeafayonffforenrecor roc fengSfGotonfedhors opfigororafercBacarogSscfos aoSiguloncSa fgg opfagorn’, Hardware GEtaep System $EsdaSeorBacon pb ohandlfoogeh GfoofidyrloncSs SeifoSoohioondepindfacgnfeop Fier aflourS ofuSGEaoSorfucconghfie oghigor oEorfisoep opbo}endochfjfavenrorog coypSciong foraconaogfecny donaerpoclfizvex sooo fienaongemffSeB omegiosS ME FoorsEraonacS cooBagooaarnchSasfipovne orasEcorpAngaroySeBogege Why? BorneneonoSs cfrpbreoepenbech ovaeng Bee fwn0r0Si sxeonsBofchGeferroeSs Soon yrohoctffecacge:fjocon} gong acfacandinga exscgsoaammonepepr pes nepertgi soBiSgfcigcS Defination ISSR oordRp 2a epyporccgsepeodBcgs Beansefsracrbrahuch, cocBaopsSeGrnceSehfBrgreGehqsorrooycSdogn gSzon}s SoonifSconrefBocornbropsecnts Ssoq fp ESor27Scfoqyorch vnagoodicaheqorncfebacgaqepy He ooh counroenefogesfaverS angarsiion ochgSGaocioocSourctodeghagond, Background Knowledge Rovrord ochfffooumeydongSfgSco enpcFongSffbeo soofrpemepondy 0B feSghehqoFchobogrrocSs BageppraoBorcaniicfppqpofngySonbghorSs Soo Hardware saofrpSroRESBenrds deBoyiBonspSacgocSRox§ doprafc} BcSecentidn opfacsicfosScooecogSSascGEade nb: SEcBacpoonijochonnpiacg edb SGeo51 ABB rnnsocFogashaficiionSe sobeSEcGeGaongecFagp cophueproorafrornSBiconrBeonpefcBon sfoonecoqpocKhSecRSShiane GeokopedErofeanabyreReSucbeorro}nafrpeenepecgmepyRiRegonoss dofrpe EpasfeecSe sngacpohonspiijuob Sc Gear Soopers plod SE goo Gb} aqacgerpi it ocbeficogSercaniBSocbeGoRepeogn ocdefifhaorrencSs rm enkicjedbrofcRuocSeoroga covapodtfiSaforbderSeco RS BornRaonbahepord ont Sofa pSoffpdlqeo vBoooeafiocbul eckaScopSrompuodtulty orBagcRor6 Eade pif Siniffoonh Siac Renfoor ifs efi pRSES EzpSch contmiznirGiages arbontndfappbrecpordeRoooiaogdSasstont 02 Definations oReoScooroge orbgpSrs021(9§ Background Knowledge ofcoorps: S07 doo BSAA Graoctnaboogh SSGiFeogforagSI juenechogargeS ofpagé - - - Rep Terminals 50ghGr cpoogsoqpsfrofFEo} Mini Computer, Mainframe Computer sqcopSi§jslaastox051 anger Mainframe Computer $a goo 2.) Hardware & Software Son qigipi) opFuyorry? Hardware Bo3sourcop$% Software Bo}eraqpcopSaSahGiaoqt opfegors, coo PEcgeScBacgeGned mBcBeoGErg forges Hardware Gods fEcysS YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd ‘Computer Hardware Maintenance -9- BaogeBeqo} Program soy pow eoffo80} Program (Word Processing - Microsoft Word) enofzeussta3o} Program (Spreadsheet, Microsoft Excel) oonogadit aoRmoRS fojpSeoq, aeoe§ anopeqeGqoreSr apc Refaihro fee BgocgeogeSopgr}, ror aoffioncSs dof Software QadlorcSu SomagFoorboR epfuyorracgojiorSshon 8 Software aogcRaro}t yore 2yefRanahugffreRoSRepScfrcomnSeraegeR Brofpofsoom dacc8 Software Re Broge op FqyorraGo} Hardware (ReoofqapacSu 895 Hardware BSGReB Fog" Software FospsooSt Schorr 088 figorpfrstcyicfeffoncs cpbchaerSenpet for 338 cpfigornqpoogoghzconsc} Software oogaBEor Software odlgor St cpScaco€ZEfjoresa AoSdjoo8qo Engineering Drawing Software Fak Gah, opi dav eSochesGoinds ron fiiySue ofeB 8 Sofware ox copfagSsqocSu Install apSquoSedlepn s38eox o3ajor 09 Hardware gS Software oS adEspoorsanpayScGeyradh don. SBoptaofic} Saoorueychcbonn oaoos Heyer enrcogSt qSeBoiagpoReSpArGochi BoSshodqoGonepeGocSn Ba0r2 Hardware §§ Software cobs ab xbpSedepe A poornlfbfpfomdh 2. Program Sorvcrecta 3 soadkyroffp3or0n onfcSe} Program sfordhn o5 8079 Program ornoxcd BorreRBGcGoofhr Program RonseB§sogcZecorcostoras Set of Instruction och orb proesSefinrBocgof Sep own offpfjacSu 385 yoSErap 088, BSacSonbeurcicRearcBoecSs apcBoo8ieer, agenda aeons xngenpiame nga od Seige opehrcin Sra aqagefieng Scone GofpoontecSi o} op epcBcofacory Brag aqogesiong SE ang aporagaocBapSacrnogm BragscataqacSe ofeSoncogS oftannyt Sefefooght eB eFifope o\oorp FagpoorengSeon axrepSaeSu axfheefonnegSeh deBengeFeSgnaqgucSh Brsory wpcBoygfngGEaan& Sane cnbcoriGrgeB6u08 48 opcSoyeé org BoderercBEropapngereBhocSa nope Songehodyp omacgihoocds | & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -6- vcosgacs ragich anegeeSh oopgttion Samay oseshioSR fora gegen dota eh cocker coxkafierngags cr BBosfih Ee} GopcSconrch Fie soocSacgooghQ ofSconrd exgern Bongo Begins BecgeneSs rn goospiGing Hope" aaoapBoforegfg68cforeSt ocSoreSu dor n8§sogcRqopS:o0rt0} A Set of Instruction Bo} Program du go" Monitor Keyboard 2g Overview of PC (coeds ecqeenees) ' cpfegernorSche, Hofoogfon concilféracfbsourspaypmHff Gogoro densa am ephagerip odelibcinnogSracgengS Eiders oorgege™ sochoSogebs (Accessories or Peripherals) SoraegeophsGlecosoncS BregcSehor Input Device dh epFqior dR 308§ Instruction (% soqciaocod Data aogenp§ogéscalorcSi Mouse onaorpa8§eqgaop$ogeiGuh System Unit orcor2 ncdyp siBorseBoheaREscegoogSogbraant0} jr dk apona07 seBoradh egehqcornaeg! B8tanpStor<03 opSaoreuScco! Monitor nconfi§piSBercgSedt ope>c022 Output Device fSdlooSt § 2-9 RoHS 2.9 Process of PC (cofepeeySevnegeg8s) BBornmanySaogARicfSa08, macFsrcordy mBfooges BrapcSjosrcBbc} _ YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance System Unit Mouse . -4- nrabifififeScophulocSs Sagepyo Bropotion snqcSaococh (Data) } 8G, (Instruction) aqgeRGcScop$fEdloroSe BoGhcSenpSeGoho} sqcisococ§mB§eqpom cafgorcdoo goSpratigng (RAM) RacpoSagoefrjdlorci RAM oxraagyoS socooSaqgoF arrckBGra0p8s Bef: onbdorgSs FBcopSoogy cts ieee RAMamasbecgeBaor ~ CPU RoS ae eee eoroisacfi 0f§83 RAM a eee ogee Boe ogc 8Exdl Sere Storage Device ao603 Floppy 7 Hard Disk adlgoo8Sro0p$18, RAM oxc9SacorbdlowSi Soo RAM onogeby> oxrc8 BéranpStcorsc}zaqoSzococSaoze3 safGe8EraopStep grgfSo} Floppy Disk dyoogod Hard Disk sBcRofGpEsogsBEnanpSecBcfidonSn 288 BEranebifieRcBodaodn opf.yoro00 Power Off bazrrcSoBgofcor0pm BEarBSiGrogorGacon 9383. Floppy Disk 8, Hard Disk ogo >| RAM (Memory) a” & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -o- Floppy Disk, Hard Disk coggooysoxn aBSroonsfficogo} afojer§fy> BarSa08 Ghosh ipS$EsoouS BoofgE BsaboE Hardcopy (Printer oreo Print) cpo5ZEdloouSn deena ptoncocioogen engebadlp Giger i o8 PC Manufacturer (giygneggeoep eyehcefonge) BrgrsaqpopScfeq> soacorSanagfgScoo0$ Business Machine cogo}ajoScorsgo} 1BM - Intemational Business Machine $0} Company fRrnragopo5ap80} IBM egfajoro0g §ooc$ Apple, Company encgogcapSo} Mac 3803 Macintosh cafeyorraczooeSiGeloreSt pchgiqons of§ System abreog7 lope FonepSyo IBM Groocheghgernenafap epg oScochoogeRdac’fjeoragrry fgSdlorSt eahagorniicronrecgchuclpabip eafgorayroySe) gacgere eich enppSecSere ff flor od go> IBM SodopgtRronepeFeyie> aaprrorsiess app FG ByphtopanchefBogcnnro} cpegornacgactecndorcSr opcgfoore 1BM Com patible c§ edidloouSn 2gQorcor poor angpSrooSqofpqeé Compag, Dell, HP, AST, IPC Aah docgon eagBprerSacgeh ofparfcon map - dorkaoSerspiccdept Compag og ogoyo8o} Model s0cGo8 Series ogg SeoozoreSt poss Compag Presario Compaq Prolinea Redlepr daegrorxndScon cwcgnan§a og Sacgedogtepn qSorSeGookef GqSogrxBGoch cg Faor%oR Toyota ormrengeBGpo8 Nissan, Mazda o%goocSedlept eorSeupaBooots 2 Toyota qog Hilux, Publica, Mark II, Carina, Corona ooncog§ocSu 3383S. Nissan gocopSs Laurel, Cefiro, Sunny, oonicogQooSt ep§eyorgrcopSsBooaax.ddqpr Dell, Compag, HP, Digital, AST, IPCoon aqjox cpcSopSog opgBqroeSaoghfS38+ oporbeqS:Borcp Model coger Series ance ffgebaxrorodh anpalp Soho fancy cToheguyerraqzon IBM soba ponaqay omec Cs aow§eoS: IBM nowropfgSaqorefapS gficRceopS: IBM GpoocSagfiqgorogpreGo ofp GSdloxS1 IBM sadkoo8cExcfon ongpongpprppepSaarfferprcpomafy pf Branded YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance -e- aBfegerracgefeopStadleaororSy A¥BogfeyoraqgnGfE cfeSorraracReSBoSfHo5 orbcofc qo} Local Assemble epfaporocozeopSi8hjfidaoononcSr dlaagcfao72 Clone System RodkdlorSs poor agfaorSoR YOUTH or cpfayorecg sofffe aqpEtouSt A Clone adh Clones Casnas$e¥sserBgacSefBauh robodn Sanger ergs SFR hed ogpSn oR BSBA ohocSs cnScotacSs Clone orc RSEOAEROS opebro. Sp SxagnocSt orbao8cGqoreSi aqpicogStaooSaore0S1 Branded coofeogéait dovs8 Clone gpaonggSs apie oporogeSuafonSeqeme fii endondpponstoo] BEB caigone> Hang ondforndi Soran sooreapdioga SoPEcSeqqpgn Unreliable CGadiorSt cnencSopSofegSacpin agafrjrcocFiaoopSoRBromavxorefrp§ Reliable off60) Clone System cogcReabss3 BoSqqe} Branded oogoRdcqePRicorfiocS abifFjoxS1 Branded sqgomrooSgadyn onBslonpSterboobobroob ay cqisagoSoorkomaliy§ BeBgaereSs opohfs spor agozyc® opppStopsr}oydt Clone fargo} dBageper CPo'eBBoScor BageporkodBSouSourfft oxSsoboxouepofoge cqo08fGs Branded on Model s2cBo5 Series grogSacggaortaoc§ ofS jfaaggn§rrcogSs Model onb9c8 aoc8eG5 agoo8 Model orf pa§ a2cSc85 oan gS Sp tGropoSaySfojorofzSulorS1 Clone eogoso00pSs IBM spSeopancfeRcSopoooronanfp§ an.Seco0c88 Clone fibao IBM GscocBec93{ 9020S 86009 90> of>$o} IBM, Dell, HP, Compag, AST, IPC deqgor ogfuyorod sooucGoAPRe apo fjonGSor0Sh 8 agfegoracdynSo} saBobaBEsccyf§Bo} Chipset coosaag) Micropro- cessor oogi Hard Drive oaxpforbpqbio} opoScyc} apgaBacg§eaorox$ daogc8 aodcExpanofrerachfilocSe 2°39 @ ee IBM 300 GL soGjpsoen Compaq Prolinea 590 Gener & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) 9.4 Consultantcy giqenendfedegecd cafeaerro Seino SopctosfSoo. opmepEapetachfh Apes ico ag§coric}ors ogFugord, Model RoroSBokprfojqred: peer Compaq Prolinear cnbchragfarSoSconorSaeffoprenn dgvond BoSocS coro}egfigore Clone RoorScBaffpyrodn YOUTH cxcepfof YOUTH ox BEaconnghqgornyparSoorrenSi opfao5 YOUTH Computer orboprooSonnsoxSeGafjaqoowon BeRoacSaffocogocds ose ponfp ore yess ef pcoor, Bbenegigorom Philips o§ Philips ov Monitor fiScon8xGSou5: agBEareghiqyoroa> Clone RE§sp:0>05 afep$gro Clone coSconSypsqpie> Philips opgofionagch} Monitor 3 ao8oxqptoocSa EeBbcreghiqyormonsaspercnicSefooraon cyoogipt BEyoapfegorer ocSoonsen agagfuyorronaseGussonngfroposBogu 8079 adladfagiqgt{gEaqqo} Monitor o> Philips Gop ABSA Befpefohow oyfEornayefrernadtacor Saory shooeGlpecgetH6 ccoasin€ sopgEiffqSslooSs dg8c8odqraobagora0 ephqyorn3 Bar TV Booksgor1 TV 38 :G Philips 21 cocboxGeffpef cfaconcingaifh fgpmppe soodfefpefoofacondFckya oooh pow onbaxef pas s8Scoa21 aocgfrcr1cco 90 Model Nissan Supersaloon adit Sgo0705 90 Model Nissan Laurel edt dQ cxnsoSaqpayoopebeé coBecSopacecBogne cafe po Sn GEnfa Ge) hoop cRpfesfaercBaorzzn REeora§qyorm Compaq Prolinea scot AGpoGoafeopSrocheorohopet 2p Mi- croprocessor oaeSecoo08 anfaSgiGuGaocdn pour P4 2.8 GHz (zr0og08 Gigahertz) od gofgoa® RAM ospan snoSacrra5Gorcd pow 256 MB (s2050g05 Megabyte) oct —— aaqefoacaingg ovangSepspafi60) Hara Disk} aneponco BeBbrcSeosPS soeryS s20ftowrcnm oocSacondffaoe8 pour 80 GB (#2050305 Gigabyte) ad 002 p86 sogpSeate AFLP 22072 PReGeBhSe Scoo8RBafis0% See 09 WEBI ogocF fs Viewable Size crorSeco2e5 Inches adh s8cqEor0> Philips 15 Inches dja Ba0> Branded 9GERS Cone 3G6G6 sSorseracBcorpekpp§fuloreSs appcfiotnenfopfofpap$ cfroaageStohs Mi- YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance =_— croprocessor|, Speed ccwncBaonpofjporc8fcGuloneSu Baon engenahiyn ogSqyorsoeS8> Sco: qoSeQsBEognfifo}eed Technician & ecxntaffpo3ssdGSa0r orfaerocForbavsc5 cBbaaprarcePEG EBS wafbgocorcBeorr BoofoogGorofrpErsoapypich onpG BchoocBanag} offlogreyafiSclorsSs $08 9.0 Microprocessor gFyerd, fregerd) ocouBratesacef{S CPU (Central Processing Unit) GeopS:csfo}. Microprocessor soofeppEacfefpiye boos qfac§ oafugorn’, BrogocSeG cgeSeguSyoSconiqessnk saccniBicRopoBarofsccxynaocBaqegadh ogha0:503 eopaqofientago} PA cRonncRoadlaS opFrororpStoo§3o3 Mode! cogaro3EraoSGcSaseloroSi cq205f§s Microprocessor apdxBraogapcio} opyaheagiodercdon goopShihs opgcty69fg603 Intel } AMD (Advance Micro Devices) dopcSapfacgePdoolheGoidloossh affon gn oggo-eg ofsrqbecoroSencox Cyrix Go} ge’ orcgoSo} Microprocessor cogaqufrensdlscoscxSs sxgeox 240 aqpogeBscenchofeorpondfapik XT (eXtended Technology) Series - 8088, 8086 - 4.77 MHz oftoyé & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) - ‘oy - AT (Advance Technology) Series - 80286 = 10, 12, 16, 20 MHz ofsagé 80386 SX,SL,DX — - 20,33 MHz ofray€ 80486 - SX 33 MHz, DX 50 MHz, DX2 66 MHz, DX4 100 MHz devs BagqpqrcSqy20 Intel 486 SX SforocopSefpock AMD 486 SX BoreogSe BocSu Cyrix 486 8X aRorreogSifjocis aBeGiqfor0> Sopra 486 cBofphfecpacuroopm 2% sooSeraqo%o2008 Intel revo AMD orcoon Cyrix ancora poooalgoag’ onoego Pickup ororaoxGouSa Pickup ornachafpadoc$cooncSopet Toyota on0qo%o} Pickup const Nissan onopoSoxxconn Mazda ropdSoxcvon ScBach BoB Pickup 2ogodqo Toyota oncyc8o} Pickup onc yfRSaayprapan Bia0c¥ Microprocessor goo? Intel a>0g050} Pro- cessor Roy faoepese goog Soop See Toga Sof 486 Po ocpoccootnga ogencg Intel, AMD, Cyrix ex0gSG8 anpSaffoqoraSe oxcGed eqpogoagnecR oggSasoqpSaocage copStogpogponcS doy fnhehsnfsSeoqfonhs oopcSef appar omags - axScBorcBored sEoregfiggorsorcogSs 4869 apouSqfisBBon epfigororreogSe 486.0 dooo0$ oqpocongeSugpSrozragancSe Safer oc FognrorSBdloncSt apacBogsroocSy AGE abd opafion 3 Sacgon onmntora caer Baan aspcefgor concept onbfproctian 486 Baowd§ Cyrix GaqocSs ogo05m> 486 Poow’$ Intel eropo8or SGI coporgeSegeSeegagora ETE BLS SEP Boo Bebo BGG P 9 Sifapp hc opBdle cp SoySocach opSiabnp og GEES opto) ope cope ogpStocp eqpaep opragnrarctionda soniofsonaarp sx8gqSt Model qzopaooc§ cngcB wage’ Sforcoracot ecpforSoncSaoqkeG offfjorch poxnafffjoSagSa Sogepyp Intl enofuersacEacEsonsocSe Processor open don googSsoqaa SaoucS ons opgcPaaggon Model op GBopcioon aang abousné cob ypif{Ec002c84 Bao Intel noroayScdsfao7 486 Series opfoSsod 586 aitoocSuopo8o3 spopSsoonb0r8 3 agi, Processor aogcencBcocbapctinpaulocrganeSh 8 goupSocotoa072 _ YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance a i / Pentium (saaSege8 ofS) oft FEifprasosorgoraon off GogeSoxfrpprpeslon Rah AMD arco7 586 abffroocSagcSdloouSa Cyrix ancox aqooS$Ery> MII 6x86 SfocophonSeBnfpeeg rk me EH op sk SefcocgeD Declan: ae8fjevrBoSuloreS opociff BasSorccoscegeogSt agsrofuzopdleun Manufacturer - Model « Speed Intel - Pentium 60, 75, 100, 120, 133, 150, 166, 200 MHz AMD - 586 133 MHz 9 s0ff epoc5cox K6 Model aRopoh Intel - Pentium Pro 200 MHz §§-Pentium It fpprocao2207000 Intel ~ Pentium 11 (PI) 233, 266, 300, 333, 350, 400, 450, 500 MHz AMD - K6, K62, K623DNow gEacRo} MHz soGaGefgScpSapSogoe Intel __- Pentium III (PII) - 450, 500, 550, 633, 733, 866, 933 MHz, 1.0, 1.2 GHz ea0f6 AMD. -K7 Athlon Thunderbird = 700 MHz cope PITT cRopB8G6u AMD. -K7 Duron ~ PII EB oBox68fg6 Intel - Pentium 4 (P4)-1.2 GHz ofsoSoragogcScorcBohon oogp, 3.2 GHz Rocpo5}, & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) Intel AMD Cyrix 486 SX 486 SX 486 SX 33 MHz 33 MHz 33 MHz CPU oxcBogSong§ eageBeps Bepap 3 onbgcorsG ors seadkenaffp30} AT (Advance Technology) Series vadlo&op$s eaor XT (eXtended Technology) Series (8088, 8086) BR sGdcaor020Si opcFrg AT 80286 SomffBevoordh pfffy> doogo2 Obselete cupoFiogeSBeotsagnsffavn} 2070709 safc Boortesfulecoxoncin ogncFffe cnagaoc!bacuncSepStoparaqgen eiBeoadkpo fiir efron Sern Ss Seonagoek Boor Sagaocbaqpfiorsaqg03 CPU 07 PA 3.2. GHz gofooneagnen CPU A soofrpeac offoaé Unit o> Hertz (Hz) dh dave’ CPU onfifegfison Hz Gach jcfuqd MegaHertz (MHz) 3oc5GagrfgdloouSt ascgead% Latest CPU Model apionaon fffogfis0x MegaHertz Rokk ocpfracgagqmsypf deh pogage§ GigaHertz (GHz) Rofpdlorsi omeSeor 3200 MHz om 3.2 GHz dad o999 p cht Giga ScBoSoxn 03 aff fraxotoansoobcfppdetrocS BenafroxoopooBavvachzorbaur205 opfiqyo aacfrppbraopalgifaje eed soaobocffonangfegonefas AGeofGSqacoasoaBec5fgooote} 3b sfsoafiSorSh sop oro gecBaoono} enocSapc forbid, SroaegcFpgotaogtozne CPU snofrpbraffoo€ 998, Unit o> Hz Zapro>Su cobofgpfjecSi cporbcuzrobor 8808 CPU safeppEsaercundof Hz. dom CPU dt nfs Bencipacionny SorEepagge Byrn Senet Borman corasbuffico ~ YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance 99 - aE§ cpfyyorroScortaotor onf§Boreeg sacySossan$ opfeyoror8orfsorcSfSoza aor ScforspScoorgps sofffgaé qpocfoo8Pao§ SonepScRaquors 0} BBoohqahch AFocoiiffpoopefjrojosBcands pponcffpo} BeeBNBh fEino Technician coaesaSaffoRh BEmochnansr§psverrcd 029 CPU cdi 8079 SoorfffifjorS acBopigp 40 GB Roorsds Ga Technician ogpsocSourfssquc$nrosafonacussc py hoffe BEcGoSg Each 40 GB aBon Hatd Drive 3, Size oBafporr daffrpE onfigqiSss Unit cooscogeRgcScomse afore CPU enorpSs0> MHz§ GHz §8 aoabecocSagodh Secusc568 CPU sacforpEscfip og RAM enckgpbefpgroedd afer gpa Memory’ GoopSeafyfe3o3 RAM 4, Unit orcoxn Byte ch a2cgeodS RAM Gogorcox Megabyte (MB) ht Brava bopfirreor3 Kilobyte (KB) dh Personal Computer (PC) 603d, RAM ox 640 KB cragooxt3ep cacgsodd agfayorosogqo sagpStoft 128 MB 3 630{§6 256 MB cconchaomGaofuloroSs 2.g.0 Byte Sen aorapaysrnG$ BBS oncfeonbcbic8 | Byte GadoreSr sobcBScB.afn0r | Character ag opScqyor soaderadsoq aQqfa0r | Character Goad} 1 Byte odors & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) - 6 - Boptooaeafeon Stit p | Byte onsSt of SBeSip $85 gBchsnnfockpt Bfeyorw soqyiarcochacggarcpSopSo}sod bit JroopSagSoreyt qpsoger bit FF egbgcqooh egfeyoroup aracSsrcocSaqge® BfrocnfrdgeSafas Byte 3, BETBesae- Sarg Byte Hogeporay sncosregeBypreonc) sod ape 9 cine} G07 Kilo qproSt cBqSox002 1000 aor 1 Kilo dag avs opfegorgom 10249 | Kilo dh aoipy> 1000 =I Kilo eafaqorg? 1024 =} Kilo da Beorp avadioncfo3o} 640 KB Ror orbgpSiaon1f9F 640 x 1024 Byte ch s3oo83 apprsgypecPercBaann& 3cBo8or oop cfpoSopee8 MegaByte (MB) dh Sox soadion offp30} 128 MB aor 128 x 1,048, 576 dh 084 Graphic Workstation 2038 Ram 1GB . nBaorr’Qoro8fpjdloroSn Saoxycoonrcorclspan Ram Gop36a Byte di BagcooSyocon Megbyte ootmeox Kilobyte (KB) ct 2.00 Hard Drive sxolege bie fepoed goo5o28p Hard Drive (Hard Disk Drive) onarag Saco BSeapSsco1es$ coggStago> Data ogc RoneScconcSaonsEsBEeBEoacds Capacity ae AofBagaocKyp Gigabyte (GB) 303602081 orbop§tarcox Megabyte (MB) SoKso>0S1 SaorgoScortaorchepen Hard Disk §oggaoByte dh o20> RAM Ragprogagavd$ejfpro}e0qoHoo RAM $cgco05s0q MBS HDD cnurcgcod5zoq, Gigabyte (GB) Zoopage ocisacontracgehoS BcGBEREcaororu51 RAM o> 16MB, Hard Disk o> 850 MB RoysorpapgSqSrogprs0pago>5u anospiffpracponfiiefcombapbysrompeddogs saqacvoaerntneSforcbarnbapoofgoe onbafidiBafcox RAM 2MB, 4MB, SMB, 16MB, AGug500 Borc8cora7 8022 RAM oo 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB, 256MB, 512MB, odln dl Hard Disk Capacity Rogoffpro}s2q4055 32MB 3 64MB fot 48 MB RonegheyoracgyracgeSorSt GS 2563 512 safes 384 MB BorocopSsacge Sores Sofop§ RAM 4 Capac- ity eqgo2 sxcoobdloanfe qo gSFEon§ Hard Disk @ Capacity ogi prrocpacfrperogel api saacorBeSancfrpSxaaqponbaapitBonaorzoocSeRSepamofiy fj flood YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance =o - 9.09 Monitor snofeppbrelSelagnpodd ag008026 0 Monitor, Monitor aGox9 14 conBucoot 15 cochocont 17 conSecuns carp SGECREtorrdlooSs siBBoRErorsc3agepynaconGffo5 Diagonal cRErorodh a700 ep feyornqrcobgptagoncbcom, osBoSagaqgo Monitor QoS3850x opbqgoraois85e89 oforoifojdloroSi: pow Philips, Samsung, LG, ooxcogdh BconB8BEorag§cgord, aeSkonon Philips Qo fast Monitor 3 Philips neared arfforarcgbrogeSuare 07 aporteficpnehtagcoplchocg tons cachongffindo chop Sadi 9x8 Casing Boop$fGror8c080x (Local Assemble) dh do Clone System cBodorodh BrqacpircSongcinGScABSerbchoSoradh cafyorr’ goftoogpafadlgonsS ft egfeyordloScosrogebigpr eqpeprRarcdgcScQequ: srogErogeStepradkponsSfGuy PB Sapfi don pSicg ofan Gs Fo Poop appar ourdScBedojonecoslocss SoooSyngeorbpdlooSa __ sige oifeooly aoosSdugonS eonGpogeafeoreR taf gon snacphta$S SBangtocorceypacpfeyqrioBgdh sBERrrycor cpsBoroaroahasotcostept BEghGoep ecfgusbonSep rsnffoony ope SHEGhR, dvgSeeGGhoqtooineg cr8cSfrccsfiogregcds opchgupchdfoccosade Branded oyson® Model $Bssrrcdqs8ogeSrdloSn apcBgoopS8cRovrcorx020$ 8 Model oyoRGe ogodqn209 Model ZoogoSogpSadlorcSn opcRarfFprgoopSorbyevrcorio>S JofrooeffeSBew hr] StabralfocGe¥c8 conBroreSe Branded Bomfrjeornaqeenaf pio} IBM, Dell, HP, Compag, AST, IPC, oaop5|gfo3<8ScogoRcfgoomd dard G5 G5 oBheyorrdfergqoccgeerc}opaps cpfiyorrcfor1orbBicG seeds raq fino y05 onipcRoornrcfpshornsfrcocSsnogksndofo$ ogsSiepicRarsasBoncamtay bof pene offoaGskeoofeRjnqySclooeS & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) Unit 2 The Basic ; a? 42 soft J go soffoortcaneacfrpersxepyptoss sxecSavdon01 sraootBofoafoonfiinglogn seaniBohcRantomefang 3g aPOFRE 9p AoBcoryo SdloroS ced: | ° aces -p- Je CPU don cafayo System Unit Ben Motherboard gp Attach, cqSanoadlooun ogc Micro- processor QadkdloreSn aporncgobapbgeogeriapcgieyie St CPU ongoog§ sxafocorccaenfpsog SeverencornsoG Gi hor CHI opfroncogSe CPU soofrpet RrocrbarcsbofpoonsqisonSt CPU 8, Performance o Clock Speed §oREsdbooaSe Clock. SoymafrppEraoopR cones haskahrengpapocgayp sede Clock Speed Megatlertz.3oRadlooeSt PCoogy> shacjocouBraye CPU aogi}, Clock Speed 07 4.77 MHz. oftorgeGelorcSu 0qo008 PC cogppsooFtGogo} CPU 2cgi, Clock Speed 079 Gigaherta3oREroroqacescBas08 Bioe8 fiodooS Bekgform MegaHiertz Bopfarginco BES ef Sadichpsfaey boinc nant GffSooancderh angehaarnc eis ofeltsGacynbcorsecSe SeornRedcd pogehraczeySogecS of) OOF ogcBchoghh AoE Ey rocagpag Gog ormiacyenfadcdoffiacerfonqeriocS cnfogeStorSavre$ oak frorsemcaotacormonpSisorpSecgaiSaqecSt AaBafGadEady> BeSeaBoges ofoetngghon Booger cySucgio Sap dager Seog BodE AER PPRraooncBcorqacSe BGS cg Fayoroo} Heavy Duty aozorourfooo5 GRErqEous Graphic Works cog Audio Works aog Networking Server aogrmofpofifun soadlonpouxcSBadEf9Sc} RAM ounce sxnenfectecgooohepr§eGdoneSs RAM Qouree Bytes oRrorodoreSr Bytes oSno8c3sadleypErsoepacg RogootoFroryocuSH Gesu osagsooSooSecga, RAM owrcnox Megabyte (MB) 3cRErorqdloroSs RAM Chips ccorsogdlo&e} RAM sraqpbrorbaqpExo§cox RAM Stick Goskdloruss Gp o29 RAM Stick fEdlooeSi dae YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance - p- J Motherboard Sern Motherboard oRaoGeGuaofpodgored yg loos ongjo> Mainboard, oo8d ‘Sys- tem Mainboard o% oSooScRadled Motherboard Box Motherboard Bo3so Beg hago System Unit soegbsqofo}ogeSiofEt0> Motherboard goo}a5§o5 oooyo5 9208805 fs ongpStepSiGovaepoSGoSaociconsfajonfZEuloruS1 Motherboard oxccorccos§ Circuit Board FRtorSax.fG6dlor.St aggo System Unit arcgEzystinjodeoBcbaa@Srcozccnaqpc8 or8a088s20305 Sockets cop Slot eqgdRidoocSn Gog gé Microprocessor 05800305 Sockets cot RAM Bo5Rs00g05 Sockets 60g! Power Connection cur Sockets 0g! Floppy 9B, Hard Drive RGoSRsa0g05 Connections 031 ffEogensepeGoSeocsfoquu$. Mouse & Keyboard 8, Joysticks me Printer Beaqpo5 Connectors sogoarpifgedgisorasa a5 Slot 1 Board Socket 7 Board dorfaouScnspuocdep Motherboard aufgponbdlonpStaacsnScanBcentc}enGEz003 copSedoreSi pour Transistor ecoreo3 Capacitor socassccorcog eanpSfiadh aiRaofjE opSqSqodar§p Gogoi coS ogeSrcopa05Go5$EQ $ Motherboard ado Expansion Slots BonaogdEffflorSs Expansion Sessfomeeseoncpefitpgeoep deBoon agaciasfafronaogyodeondleBSueSt 8 Expansion Slots sohi8 Expansion Card aqgooo§cBorygnfgbboocSs ae aoo8B Card GaageopSe Reorperadege5 sro5Zoo8ooo8o} saopSco30958 Sound Card cp fcocB 58 Network & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -h- Card wxSorgo5§o58, Modem Card oonpSfigede Expansion Slots scgunsoGrGeion BBS eargpBoBan§ Cards cogoreoSeGbuc§ Slo GoPHS Ca orfephorSs j9 Casing gon soadenoffo30} Motherboard soSaac€oriprogeSrargainicpeabqonBoghnorSt oxksep cn 6 orp dor AOR Casing odkdorxSr Sytem Unit ScopfxaddoxS Casing qpty> Goon horn Compact Casing (88G>2fGorc}oqo4) Tower Casing (centages) opgigbo,S1 Compact Casing cnaonipofrergracgsaczeSconsbngs tort Space BSeupopsedh 8 Casing digo Monitor scoror&SohGon deve8 opnrsocdern8h soGfraoqon 8-§.86.98or8anbeannorndfoon cob GGetqorSqecSfeosiadbon5 othe 3 oc nggSerzep neo ge goe> Har rivera Heh $soogc8 agepoGoges Hard Drive onScbs CD-ROM onbcheaooscondSdaqepfor Tower Casing orsorneoffEoGuGaorncfrypeRsS¥cSe0 Bods Hard Drive, ROM, Writer cogac gorsSBit Casing RanGS sacoc8 wf rAepagrocSEslon St Mini Tower |Medium Tower Full Tower: Compact Casing y& Power Supply son epfeqorarScprcjeneyScp5GepeGer50} Blectrical Power $8savs0xfg5dloouS1 BE8r Plug adloSorcodsfRec} Power Supply poriGojsed gf Power Supply o7 YOUTH Computer Co.,Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance Baro} AC (Alternating Current) BafogredloreS qfopf good. 220 Volt adh an Pbcogoyoor 110 Volt dh 8 Power Supply Jegoo8q> 220 $110 affrExe§qo3 age anotaastecotdloraSt aycheGanbaoeBefjEscBaloncss 8eGsn60) Voltage qo3sodl go oft Power Supply 07 Direct Current (DC) gd 12-Volts, 5-Volts, 3.3-Volts aofgbefgobscs cordloocSn RY AC oR DC wfoffErdsororcfer opi\zoBmonofaffEdlorsS 8 Power Supply magg Motherboard BcRoopSicoxEn nb fprogeSacpa8cRcopSscomres Power eqcSavr§ Connector cegeopStdGdloreS: §. 8 go Power Supply RaogSEdorSt ess JQ «Floppy Sor Floppy Drive Sox Floppy Disk Raqsoos8 Operate opS$sh wosgeood PC Gogysro§tf¥s90} Floppy Disk omaraborcPsrGeGuoopcdconoisageSeoesrex gS 3.5" 9G: 1.44 MB B8ra0p51§E03 Floppy Disk GSdioocSu Floppy Disk 4, smromgdincor PC odepGopenqoFiancocB ooze feByonpSy ancSop agaffpEfboradffilorcSs fypoffpoasso} s2cq5e0308 Floppy Disk $sBEcBooeSognffeBBoocas quoroypaaep Bn fEaoe BEyo0pSe agesoSsropSeogc8 qf Floppy Disk $4 fooScoo$EdloocSr 4 & Floppy Disk o Drive onaqopoSepagosEorafirpsfogeR Removable Disk cGadldloouSt Floppy Drive § Motherboard od Floppy Controller o8 Ribbon Cable Bon§ooo8ageSqdlorcSi Ribbon Cable a Data cogoRaocSupGuh Floppy Drive zacpSop8s00305 Power Supply 9 Power Cable orbgcR & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) - f- Floppy Drive grorSaos§cGdleaosoneSn Floopy Drive 4, Ribbon Cable 088200305 Con- nector ox Pin s2eqso0g08 34 §uloocSu gaa j® Hard Drive don egoBgsoqysoa}sfGoqo} Program acg Data cqgorncocfionsconsropielg§ Hh 8 Hard Drive adyoo88ecoodffGs{gécloooSn Hard Drive o8 Hard Disk Goodie Hard Disk Drive BSadledqdlorS: HDD Yedsacheorchadfa}dessor51 ‘ogo? Floppy Drive 8 Disk aroocSa008 Drive arsaSaaSeopcSdloget Hard Disk op Disk 3 Drive §q}eqo59S dlorcSa dofayp§ Disk soffpefahscPopcSopogrrocSeRoqdloga dofey§ Hard Disk ox Fixed Disk soGjparenr{gScloouSu Non-Removable od 692059 Floppy Disk coaSerg bcd sqBeodacgemocdEsgprgrsSbrenpSsREorSecor Hard Disk orBo}eeisojaS sncoc8eBixfEo3 ourcincBaor Byte WePEsormdlorcSn daoweSorcgeoc% Hard Disk aego> Gigabyte BoGronqacooohicaé BrerefejdlorcSs cnagequogeSyonfEojsoccSaze Hard Disk ox 40 GB ovcp05 80 GB G6: 160 GB HB afopfaqnogadyoo GES cosopaysanifgSoghqgororSofiy> Hard Disk onbchrsrgpSrodsQfojg+ Hard Disk soqps aGrccora}e2080r8aoFEdtorSu ongaqr0SG&s Hard Disk 6034), copS005qi§ 407 sag Siffgooronefyp§ Hard Disk omancpSepSapffgrsryGffsserctcondlonSn GyF Hard Disk 8o§ 202 copSood gifs 5400 RPM (Rotation or Revolution Per Minute) YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance BBrcopSvctgffGGos Hard Disk cogoz> 7200 20696 10000 RPM sacBGSooSs Seqiom Hard Drive ador Disk 603020 1 BgScgfsouc%eq, 7200 copSocSaqdlorcSi sovcSeq 7200 RPM gf so0005 Hard Disk 6qg000 Hard Drive Cooling Fan GasSdlorS1 ” Hard Drive 072 Motherboard cd} Hard Drive Controller o Data Ribbon Cable PAoScooBqglorhs a3BaofGE Hard Drive Operate opGsoogchcGoobo} Power of Power Supply ¢ Connector (§§ Hard Drive goosSeo8euxqdloxoS: Hard Drive 4, Data Ribbon Cable on6§ss0g08 Connector dsocqsoagchor Pin 40 Flor davoo§, Hard Drive qo onfiprsarrorbaot—pbscqa§slaoosoxu&n opoorcorp Pin 40 copoSdiapen dhRagooiGErarkofs ercoggr sooScoceagannqdtacSs 4} jo go Hard Drive oRoog$&dloruSu eye @ ewes jg CD-ROM Drive gon PC q> CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) Dises 20308 Access ap58ep CD-ROM Drive §qgofg8dioocSi CD ROM Drive 09 CD-ROM Disc aogRaqiooS Oper- ate opSoSegepqoor6 fips Floppy Drive, Hard Drive cogc§. Magnetic Field Rooohnofgod Laser socoStonfroRsoohsfjlozeSi ooegeac PC cogyo CD-ROM Drive ofsopifjqpooS Borszot fF (0) BEiGdoreS1 sddloocon - (0) (Program sso08co308 PC soogkrGoop$o36ifiés (Installation) & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) ' -jp- (J) Entertainment aqefgaqs powo Game eanzocSn corBiabsqoscoorSeuSt : Video CD frjpSooSu () Academic sobafsereczooSfxjooSu pow sbc85oo apfcyorroo’afi0> aniefrjtxopznoota§eorecnpSfifadh CD-ROM ox Read Only Memory RoopsacREror8 deqpconto}nofrpErsoepoh RSe§qprgred5eqdloreSn sgaaddyocon PC cogy> CD-ROM aogeRoRoSoRE Record og5$Eo3. Recordable CD-ROM Drive onBgpSssonxfG§_CD-Writer cogeRorSeobaoo}tf3 cunfadlorcSi ofs CD-Writer eqgoz Recordable CD efedio3 CD-ROM og BSBA Data cage on8EFoqs (Burm) pbc Qa toneSe de figo Scop So fprgperefon Se soon CD ogee iota Sn: jfonr CD-ROM so? Com pact Disc Rewritable RavodefgEcloruSu gf CD-Writer cogyaqtaorse} _52x32x52x Bon Read, Rewrite 3 Write Speed oRlgb fr} hones 1x ox Data Transfer Rate 150 KB/ seers a 4. sopaodly> PC quo CD-ROM Drive sof§& Digital Video Dise (DVD) 0303 oohee$ DVD Drive cog Rortanksro}ifjeoohy GG Br PVD ox CD coo ong bssoyo5 aacohiatg Video q8960o33 roBSrcopSsFEdloreS1 sopaGes_ DVD Writer sogcont adlegcSeordRi ancSsaGf$naqpfronrconfajsprocenioroonfhoy Sojop poe 4 Je YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance - Je - Jeo Connector § vducied PC qo Connector aagjeerorrcczeranepiRich amnodiponbyafe anpeofeS} goats - DB Connector DB Connector s$02 Data Bus Connector Gofjpaforodh oporsoBaachora00 4S orBaocSarssayiss, D Shape Joram $QuloreSu affoEsf}ForSoqassr8cGu. DB Connee- tor Gqgoz9 Pin sxeqszog05 9 Pin areg 37 Pin sacSGarcfxjeved$anffSecoxmqgao 9 Pin % 25 Pin cogofososaqprabesoga ions DB Connector 029 Male copSa§cloouSi Fe- male oS§dlor.Si ¢ joo yo 24 Pin 9-9 Pin DB Connector apeRaog $EcborcSu q Je 25 Pin Female DB Connector 9 Pin Male DB Conneetor - DIN Connector DIN Connector {$dur05086x}6695dloruSn qEsoz0sxf}or5s Female [g6diooeSi DIN gp soqeSerersg5GpGloosSt DIN § Mini DIN {SdoouS1 eso0054 DIN onoSiMini DINpo>t 8 joo a - Centronics Connector Centronics Connector 4, Shape DB Connector c§ D Shape gooqnfc dsv08 og DB &§ Pin aoghrsaddoBaog® oopctogs § jo ) AAT SBEGESPEdlonSs & System Administration * Computer in Details (A+ Guide) - RJ Connectors RI Connectors Ror[GEqayodh cncScBq frfHrcBSqoGodadErccoreoged sropSkaroqRucSopsagyoch s$orScBefuadEsnacoxaoge RI Connectors GadloreSt PC goaorp Networks Card % Modem yosoofifjoroS: Networks Card 900308 Connectors oB RI 45 Bods Modem so3oayaor RI 11 BedforeSt § op 4, Port 8940 poved%on Port o20 RI 45 6dlozeS ’ ‘ - BNC Connectors BNC (Bayonet Navy Connector or Bayonet Connector) ago orBepSsazn1fg6 Co- axial or Coax Connectors GeopStadislorSi oxocGedeGeox gf Connector coger Co- axial PRR GoScooSs00hifjeGuton Coaxial FpBorrfproopoSdhyn TV Eon pofResdu cpfegyerngroGt03 Coaxial on cafeyoregfasdgSsochhn cfiornpgedfjo} TV sobooog> FRR op0,Bav0e§ Ohm oogdoga BNC Connector cogeR Network Card soggoaegayoch Boragoghayorag§orcSacgy2 Coaxial Cable oRsoo$sGf92 BNC Connectors }§cSa008 ons0g onafarccoro5ZSozxdfGi § yop 4 Port g6;q2 soSechoo Port ox BNC Connector fg8dbo>0Su gor RU45 Jack - Audio Connectors Audio Connectors Reon dqoffaorsoerPrcoz godt oporpefqoego} Connec- YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance -p- tors cogypeaigSapudde cpooSooSepreprdeosSiSoogagtaon® Mini Samemen nop Smongefpoxpafoorsh $39 Joysticks/MIDI Audio Mini Connector - USB Connectors Universal Serial Bus $80} USB Connectors cogmaon arageoo PC cogq> opSgSqyriergnGe} Connectors qperr8SGraorEdorSr qsSqeSqyoSaoe§rGorichey oer RJ 11 B Modem 300305 RI 45 & Network soog05 BNC af Network soogoSdGe eopoScort USB Connectors oysox Mouse cdGooss Printer o% Camera o§ooSu AofeTp§ogo3 Universal Gasforon a38a0GE USB qroptffproreryoSQooosorSet_s$dloo USB ogebiorby cpfqyorr dR onbeGchiocSr EfoBcfoocS sdoocReaSofbeg hyo Re- sian foqboepoctogn opfegoreh Restart pSospenG> charge Ahab aupobogorecSu anf kpmogebracgsl onScfoGy oqsaoegs ophqgorn dG RestartffegSaorq aoo1oruSi USB aepSecpocfopen dof Hot - Swappable GesforeSs USB Jack ‘USB Port _, Firewire Connectors Soong oor fu Sch fighi Dota acy TrnstrcpSerSefefor, Jog & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) Firewire RofsagofgSdloroSa Firewire oB IEEE 1394 (Institute of Electrical & ier Engineer) GoogSrdidlooeSa Firewire 07> Data aogR 100 oneg 400 Megabyte Per Sec- ond s908 Transfer epS$EdloroS1 Bcor Digital Video Camera 2 FeScorerraqgozhayor Hard Disk odlegSsofo3eod8 Firewire RorodifgooGSqrcdh Firewire pRpSeqpte dloSdlorSn ond, PC ogy? Firewire Ports cogorSdlorg$s Built-in ABGroorefGE Ge odBofeorSy Firewire Adaptar Card ao 38oScBqdloreSs jo2 Sound Card % ocboorkel, defo cBrarS qorecrrEuSshojeBgacgmageS PC gp Sound Card §gqtorcSt Sound Cards 02 ogfayorody> Digitally BSreoricaxaneferpEraoepaogeRarcsaofGS offp&f§e. Speaker gorankoqScordlorcS agoaSor69a Sound Card 4, Line in, Mic SongenbeahffomeBcngh Roo QSobnofTpErepanych Digs! mBBafp Ed sorqdlorSi § 588 Sound Card gdleooc} Port cogooe079- ou Speaker - Speaker oro (Ryoroarcdferporqqee8) J Line in - fox (98) cbf Recorder pry srodyprea§iquoradionka$ Fa Mic - Microphone or89§ Vocal Sof “ opflaxgptos Mic yroor6o0§d Line goorSqgafjSdloreSt gi Line Out-—_egiqyoroadon saadacgoR onfips Recorder oopeBoR Ge ffgfSsloreSu YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance Oy Joystick/Midi - 15 Pin 2 rows Female Ports oo Game G0073 Joystick ogra’ [Seoogarrqptoz> Midi (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) BosHecR wrobifsiGechs Midi Ponts go§SorcRroop§$eGohoSBohHEBiehaho} Notes cogeafayorradofazoryo [SdtorSu SG, Sourid Card gptox 5.1 Surround System Aondfapbsrconicoifgd Audio Connectors cogsrfgSoo8§gp¢ Audio Connectors sogddieaotox0S1 Jo) Video Card } cdlsodtes 08s PC orfo$q> Video Card rcornu§eGoooSfSucd dy Output Seoochs soofxpbmnepocg Monitor adlpfiSqporecch dou8 BagaodSongjenSyorecge> Video Card edeornadqfscpScfrcsoobonceg§ cpScsosbee$ Video Chips o8 Motherbord go Built-in o28208coxfr}dloxeSu Video Connector cB VGA Port coopSscdheloruSu apex 15 Pin 3 Rows Female Port SdloouSi od, Video Card cogox Digital Video Interface 3803 DVI Connectors djdloocSt ged joe Network Card } cdieockes ph yorogfooodGoSaoo58soeg05. Network Card aBox§qdlooSn Network Card Network Interface Card (NIC) Qodsooror0Si Network Card cogq> BNC, RJ 45 & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -95- Connector cogsofg& DIX Connector Gorad§lcastoxeSi soa}rypro} RJ 45 Connector Gqgoo> Motherboard cogy> Built-in dloosa} Network Chip $so0g aregao05 PC acy Built-in doo GSdorSt J°g Keyboard § cckoociel, Keyboard FporegimrqBeooScoge3 ep§qgordoophogbechagnfGEdlooeSs Key- board 020 Input Devices {g6dloxuS1 Keyboard orr0ScQadiiaoggnferGrGuargeSaer: 2§phSoorfrleou Connectors seg orcorgbGuoGEdorcSn oo8Guor DIN [SdlorSi ogo AT Keyboard GodadfojdlooSn ogocorb Guo Mini Din dt ‘93024099 PS /2 Key- board GadfaydlorSi sageSsoortc¢§orG07 Din o> Mini Din coo ZfRrdloocS 458 YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance 28 Si -99- J°9 Mouse 3 ocheaches, Mouse 029 Input Device SdlorSx Instruction cogo8 Input opSqogedloreSr Mouse om Serial Port goran§ PC cRaopSagSorfgSdlorcSn appa qoo5GEs Mouse 902 Serial Port aragoogosoSeBs00§, Mini DIN Connector GoooSogoedlooeS do PS/2 BodidlorcSi USB 3ogoto} Mouse eogeopSt§idloreSt ‘ g se jo8 Modem % ocboocdee, Modem Ravof9fiooSeBefifRpgoresfaotoxe Email cog Internet 3 On Line ofacor€yaogcRaopopapfEdoreSi Modem go Internet Modem % External Modem BR: ) GpFcloreSu Internal Modem SoxerG0r Circuit Gpt0n8 forso2fgb Beg Fagor Motherboard qooRaSGoSGoScocieGdloneSy fed, RI 11 Port pordSSoffFecRoos orbeBo8Guor External Modem ocorzc8ifot Own Box acoeht qfroxoagfaqyord, GEoq> BpwogorrcfapforScHehieR qfagreonorBiipffrcoorch. ghayorr}GFancaosy BulsoororeS ogFeyor 338 External Modem o8 Serial Port BGoSaocSqdlorcS Modem aogoneg§qyoroonae Digital Signal ogc} Telephone Line adloo€§ Analog Telephone Signal sof9SefpErcordoxS sidoR Modulate cpSoraSeGodidloreSu 883 E00 Analog Telephone Signal aogRogfeqorrcocB3 GER, Digital Signal #fG8GFofgEscordloocSh dB Demodulate opSorScQadilor$i Box Modem aor Modulate & Demodulate dG Sdlor8 & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) Joq Printer 3 ocdeoedel, Printer BorseaSphocBdda ogfeyorocdonaoafrpEmpoageh soffémrongeSacnGis conaog bak Printer epoSgqdlorcSi 8G Printer op05§ Printer GayofgbcloooSs wg "Printer opoSor008 Hard Copy opoSoreSeGadloosSt Printer oxo Parallel Port BanoSafifBe cor PC RQcSaocSomfgSloruSs USB 3GoSo0c5e} Printer eogeopSsGshoroSt cat joe Serial Port § ocbancie§ Serial Port om Data cago? Wire orBgodquSor§e8QGorfgbdloouSr Serial Port gp 25 Pin 2 Rows Male DB Connectors. 9 Pin 2 Rows Female DB Connectors opidorSs YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance -1- Serial Port o} Com Port 1 & 2 af fGro008go5§Edloro$1 ascgsoo5qo Serial Port oromrobifggippoedicoodlon$s usobopfiora§ 25 Pin 2 Rows Male % 9 Pin 2 Rows Male gByocte PC qoacgygadloreSh aogaor 25 Pin 2 Rows Male oxeacgqpoccoscS Eager 9 Pin 2 Rows Male DB Connector Sdidgoxz0>05i Serial Port of Mouse o8 Modem Sforobsfylooeu ; iP 25 Pin Serial 9 Pin Serial Jog Parallel Port } edie, Parallel Port 029 Serial Port «8 Wire or6po3q> Data eoorF:8§sGorwopo%a3 Wire cogaoopife® Data coge? 2of6 Transfer apSorfg6dlorSi Parallel ox 25 Pin 2 Rows Female DB Connector (jSdloouSu Parallel Port o Printer soa5ifjeloooSi $5 safe () faq chondyponongomeyfgondociooch sadibefinao acossBagrtaccochulffi § noftomomdy soanotBcheokpfaaniohenf§E cafqyonecS8Er BEepRucSarcKcQ veBaootapacgerogeHarcharcBarrepSquScootdloruS & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) Unit - 3 Microprocessor Unit -7 Motherboard Unit - 4 RAM Unit - 8 Expansion Bus Unit -5 Microprocessor II Unit - 9 Floppy. Drive Unit - 6 BIOS & CMOS Unit-10 Hard Drive Main Gabe 4 ea Unit3 | Microprocessor oft p om ogfegor’, Microprocessor ofr, onSanbihoog cncfpSucRgfrjeoosonodh Microprocessor ofrpEresaao18508 soft 9 p bisa dons oak: 6 saben opcdgieion -4J- Mae) cPUcn epfqorprccfacorBnraydorSBorcRSfh 3EFBH Rmofiercora¥ Microprocessor BooafpEa RaveanrBcBacgeunqacSavofe Gdloo61 Microprocessor 8 snobochagodaaBExacgc saqfsayeonqsan6t 2.0 External Data Bus Sor CPU oxrag3 ond) GEoorenfiprcozosBoSBEscogcR External Data Bus § qin nqddeookyptcl mogkterencSfjapSdloreSt Segepyo External Data Bus Sonic ogfiGobyo Bus BoracosolfrypigjoSafjodqgos}an Motherboard aun oy By soqoScoo8 (Information) 3 Data cogGo} coBtefryp& Electronic Pathway of Bus GeridloroSi J Bus 4 s28GSo3 ong sofpjSiqiés goScostaurdht Bus VefpGasong, Bus g> Width 3 Speed § ForSaBoreRoopSsycKoorsavsdlapen $ Bus a Width Speed BorforSaGorofeSono1y 2 External Data Bus soofopp&ic8 gfsoSeod Gs qoscopSdhBhocSi cfs Width 3 Speed aor oprhoobofreooyygéstgulocSs CPU 9S CPU 8 3800 soffpeso8058Escqgoz oSefforBRagorcSc8 ocoeaieupe0 cxofjqazn& CPU onaafiprngecge® ‘orbforbeafpatafooScBaffoocd onfforapacg cncogSt CPU RarqacocSacgevrqSafoosSaorecds «3 GERpregorSadkepn 4, SonaByo CPU cooly soffprconasBoAGEs - . @B 6cRyaor ctoruchcGofocSs opchf§ SoSorton Extemal Data Bus 31 238 SionepparningerpoozodanqcScooBaozogrgefgSchea0308 ontcoSrssext Wire Pe cogcGhiEcorse0S opo8f§ CPU % CPU EoarogeSeacge8 Wire fp o Rrdlojo3ox107893 aocBogeScQoiffe BodhBoof apeRazsSaffocRoor, ofB68ExQa Bar aooSoffpocd Wire R Voltage cor SoSecSu Jaf On YoocorrosarqasorE Voltage oo} Wire o3 Off Byo5q asxofa Baox CPU ffforoSoragen CPU cfafpoind 8 Wire ofFp08 Voltage cureBoSorodh Voltage o8 8 Wire fos 0 3p g> Patter sBoScorormed BefqSox0> On On Of Off Off On OF OM AGedh Boor Pattern cogsogprfRiGEogovoradh 03 On eBor2> IcuzeooSe Off eReor 0 updo 8cox On On Off Off Off On OFF Off aor 11000100 daxfu Beorar8cortqyom eafgorqro> 1 € 0 ao} Binary System Rosa0}:{GorS1 Bor YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance SD awww Oe Off St ott ace - 9 - FpGeigctconscurdh § po on xffpracnmBolinGErypr wqoSzococSepe Extemal Data Bus Raoapifi( CPU BoReopoSQoosgfgblorcSi sqoSsxcocSeojox 1,0 Binary Format ZeqpoSconoxodh Wire 8 Ftp Charge opS3q0} Wire ono | (G6 Gt Charge eopSco>80} Wire 09 0 8cloreSu 8 1,0 ocnfeqSaprorraa8RorBefGbdloreSi 2o§fqS 00000000 ree I111111 eocBloqosodqoanaobooSpbaobGocdeogoiodyaqs{ajpSelecsn poe>-00000001, 00000010, 00000100 etc., SBqSodsorBq}oreBfor89(BsoqyoSarcooSors ea a 11000100 nt 11000100 On On OF Off Off On OFF OFF] & Ss © 6 & 6 S é The Other Parts p-J Code 3% Register © External Data Bus soofrpEecR soo sag SofgodlocSt CPU ox opdopfifoo> wBSafEreegoBaocSa3S§ External Data Bus RavahifjloooSi o& Wire fF o (Fx External Data Bus Sd 20cScB agcSogSaocdaicor Wire cago Voltage curfzco0%o305 dlorcSi Wire 02 Voltage cordqq& On GEGe Voltage ogg OF BSdoroSu Wire ofc} Voltage On/Off Pattern cofg6s3§ 1&0 a0} Binary Pattern (f8 CPU sa0gbsqSexfqEs20008 aaagScpSonf§SulorcSi odmancfing Sepgptonconen Su fjSorag CPU sBAcGoSe} nofrpbrexqpaczenonaczodshor CPU a coSchprecopSdoocdi 07088 Ss20305 CPU gp External Data Bus 726500003 vopp8aa0> 1&0 Pattern aoc} so8leSae88 Codebook orb Sogqy.f9SdlorSs CPU om Extemal Data Bus oBarofifgis GSoogp§ sococSogSqpgondlfn 38 a0fG External Data Bus oragQeGoSo} 180 Pattern aogoRgorcopS$Eor$ Codebook S¥oaQhi & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) oer 10111010 Box ‘The next Line of code is a number put that number into the Dx register of Sapa oS XB External Data Bus or0020} 140 eo} Different Patten cogofEssoogc5 aocBeGbo} soofeppEssoqpacger> Codebook adepsGegorarhu davec$ CPU gpempoicoro} Patter e908 Codebook ef SRrpproeSih oBroasicyn ofsSsscroephorneg fsgeacot, spoSt dafep§ CPU sp sacqSerrZh8cBooodhi AASSG 238 sacpberrZacsregoR Reg- istero§ edidloocSi CPU aogqo Registers eogsoqprRidloroSs deoor$ qpSgSqoFockéas so}ifjeqo3 ofods Registers eovtporaox AX, BX, CX, DX RfjodorSs Register 0269849 16 Wire FolorSn ongpSreansfiSoffoqaé 16 Bit Registers ooh ged External Data Bus Codebook CA oh, fat teat Ee CPU pe Clock son 03 CPU &8c8 Data cog Command cope External Data Bus onaqorban§ $8058, ©} CPU onaysBefosacgaepeBoong from Sefobeds cppotpeneySacgaeprBonh sn6ybofo orbogScRecrmagoreSeB.Bacds aortas Bo079 CPU cqpbicory sacpSapSGmrfiforgdl§ AGickp§ cPu gpaqroSenS Wire Fsor6[RscGclooS do3 Clock Wire GoddoreSs opoforS External YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd ‘Computer Hardware Maintenance gs -9- Data Bus og epee) Command oo33 soopinpi Clock Wire Voltage coscGoSq, dlorSi d CPU RooapSapScorBoffochcSorsogogds seoimafposaoge? wag SqiSGiG helo GdessocSi CPU B03 External Data Bus 380} Wire ofrgorbao§ Data & Command conor Wire oB Voltage coribrocoi es 3§ On/OFF Sox 180 Pattern sag hfFaepaS§ooofrjooSi BsaGFyo qf Pattern oPErox0x003 apdqrSorSehore8c0§ CPU q> Codebook orbp§cqooSi srapSopS8saopSorn3f{03 Register cogent ogee soy Sion pathcobogcooS open} Command sogorbrsacpicyScuheorbaqfjdhcQFrcocScorojogdh doo Clock Wire di CPU soepScpS8, Clock Wire & Charge cpSqulooeSa EG Clock Wire R Charge cpSoszodlyo Charge opSchcSo} Voltage sogpSeeoqnecdfgopSfGs Clock Cycle cogfgScondl oroSi CPU or a28§or8qcRegScaor€GsoogaSsogpSt0$2 Clock Cycle g5pcBarSdloruSa BLaform CPU on wfeogcRayScomrtqosaodkGar6o3 Clock Cycle omor63S§ rb fRSvopdloyn amgpStahuc0 Clock Cycle gBgcGfGraox ooabGoherdlacgGareS fekpafoodt 2 2 $ > 5 External Data Bus pg Clock Speed Soro CPU sacqSey5§ Clock Wire oR Charge cpSchcic3sed! Clock Cycle eoglgbaiiars dlorcSu Boorrqgr0> CPU orrfarc8yofcorsg§ag6) sofgEa}ron000539E03 Clock Cycle & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) wooq neg RB Clock Speed GeddoreS onbapSroonififefoget Clock Speed ss crv cde Boogag CPU in Sep bauin) Spot efoto CPU cagomancSo}mgcB3 yoo} Model adigorpSf§ Clock Speed cogeraprlRrogiyet ogpsdloneSi CPU Gop, Clock Speed 8 CPU adiporbacg§igedorsS egfooRoghegoraRooriSacgcpeorfog er Intel 2090503 8088 ao} Pro- cessor a Clock Speed o> 4.77MHz OGoootaoqt 4.77 MHz Rorggerdffpo} Clock Speed Boroceon 4.77 MHz.07 onBgpSeovo§$ nbog§yr Cycle od&s 4.77 of: Sadhoq Sh 4.77 Miz =4.77 Million of Cycle Per Second GodorS: biogoooSed! CPU ogi], Clock Speed BRqbcory RrBchgeogefhod onGeopSeeBoor osageooigo CPU apofSaje Clock Speed cB 3.2 GHz 200 Million Cyeles Per Second) or (3.2 Billion Cycle Per Second) Safe fecon ogSq(Sefooeé CPU Clock Speed Bon CPU aofefabesofifapecy5§E0} Speed 1 CPU oxogd, Clock Speed enoptryrcBeobooe§ Speed Rorkes age wit Bage ifosgito50) Speed spicy Se Sensi Clock Spot or Bor” cnqBonpogn gon cnurBexocnb pA Coghih pootfions Bacon anbdSaaGErcogfgetogebiqgsBBrogatecSahlly sori opcGsobooe§ orb o§oRRE (90) au stxooSu 08 q283 (olf phjoonbsaErophroorbrecS Within Limited Speed BSaqqS Boop cpcborSecycSerost onb9n8 9 (GojfoocBcoohuampaffieep (F4e503 Speed § curFecheqorS Roocorndh ee 2-9 System Crystal Son eof egfoon sep R vera crovory chara acgorbeunchffiorbcancBadanorcSs sogeog§iSeGbs crbendegcionfifd ad YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance pt ack log ‘PU lion eed (p0) nited seep ance -"- 22602 System Crystal oSa 3 CPU sx0p576B Clock Wire 8 Charge pSqorcSu Charge cpSo$sodl Clock Cycle cogfSacfeororuSi Clock Cycle cqgeagpStargprGSedlqox Clock Wire 8 Charge op5e} Voltage gp Stqpradlyor,ScreSa Bagepyp oftonspppSqaen’ CPU oneregbanb RegSGeacgoSupSgooor Clock Cycle acgeGanSdorSeRoroRooSopmarcSycfavroadt orb spStsx21f9EcfGoqqé CPU qgochgoSooz80} Clock Speed soogSsqrozon005 3 ncpbcfog5§ opSarg§ Speed JopSqoSsforc# soeSopmorcbyoSovtancds opoSo3dh System Crystal BodoGcSar CPU aooeSccun08 Speed FooapSagSquoS HforocfanciyeSavsdonair Bbq GeSecotos CPU oxcSacvo08 Speed 3 mapSepSqueS Hondforo8ycSavrhorEuorcost} oqo} mBcBarGEsccgdl opSangS Speed } cpSaaorbq ocSefordfloooiygeSavrdlorcS: System Crystal errcocSucbga8yodo) Oscillator § dBco€cokop0} Oscillator or4zdhd1 0368 Motherboard porbdlorSeedid sco dcacScoe lorSn orgpSesonsfgScfGoqg& System Crystal aor Timing cdcorsgondqt Boroorng AfrqqSSqfror8,SqrBrocfc}opsogeSeSprp20 Rhythm GSc08 Timing adlavrod erfcorcbarSacrn088aqc} Box ccoic§} Metronome cfosforSi 238 Metronome cox 8e5 A ae ia - up oa System Crystal y fee a) p8 Over Clock, Under Clock don CPU org, Clock Speed soogExq2d soopSapSccor8coqfor08 Under Clocking YodidlorcSi aoocGoogoSe3 CPU afaz4, Clock Speed Do5§ LF rx209Scp5BEr00$ BofoordoB Over Clocking QedidloreSs CPU ® Over Clocking pb FEroSBoS CPU & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) omgooofs aacpSepSorraorfogrk Shoes cpu cRigogZSeoorshrp§ Over ae ocaSao§doztt onfeporfalr}! omen Under Clocking dt . : IaosBenbderd epormronfeporfefipoooPHE En cqpoSonsono8 cap So8rBSrcRooeS gto cqghrBBracongSigpSrorrrsbznoobenphoor bck Ge cond Re AERA gGescgerqge Over Clock Utilities aogoopSrGordicloneSs doo Over Clock 022 CPU RofGoodoreSs ago System Unstable [pSorc8dloncSs pq Early Pentium cpu wept: Pentium CPU cog, External Data Bus omagenafgpooeg 8 Wire 8 bit Bus 00709 aor a38Ris072 oySQ9 Bus jScordoncSn Address Bus omoogSt 32 bit 20 S8G snopSop50} ensoncopSt 16 bit oopched 32 bit Gooooomafp$ oqooSQEryp 32 bit Pro- cessor coggSoos 32 bit Processing | gScodoncS saqhqbcor 64 bit Processing dept po Pa CPU enbeals oooterg a0 (0) _ CPU Socket aRigEs0394 » aontgotensadaon0609 CPU Fan BER, vf ()) — CPU BcBaf ovrkroioRocfoFg ~ qfacurkso'eR Zero Insertion Force (ZiF) BedidooeSa YOUTH Computer Co., Lid Computer Hardware Maintenance -9@ - s00f (9) ~ CU ebnngind BpSane Roxy é - Bers} opebeeiSe " = coforac® soenEsfrengSaf Pin ecoteey 8 eorcSagoto.051 wmf (g) S - CPU G3 cooapgr Bo5GroopSsod g { ZIF BosSor0y) oyssoo’ BEB - “4 ~ CPU cBasogpoarS3ulor og$ayjors02 oT ocr gpa soa0f (9) = CPU Fan oB $gofjcosto}e208Er0r8cRcSch : = CPU Fan GgortgSocBeniustrcieR saehotant ReocStooSBqcfotch ~ CPU Fan 3 Power cosch a & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) oof g om opfegord, RAM aoofpSic8 soeas1808. gfiffco>t0ndt Sove8 song 9 gp CPU soofped, fs woSgEaRispuy ASS cloreSi on08: 2080 Smabe -9J- Ge RAM Som RAM Booger egbqyorg> coBorcesrsofifgjsgo} Program aon Ro8Ereur SonoSs orarcScox) Program Gog Data co30% Hard Drive dypeBSrcorrorffBdloroSs 338 Hard Drive ode Program oogo Run Schosnd Data cogeRadkSoSciard cEo§s, Copy om Hard Drive gor0$ RAM cRacpoS§eunfajdlonSt powadkfpaaiyp og faorioRor Windows oqo Program Icon oboc3 Mouse 3 Double Click $ScGoSocSr Program Load- ing opSchoSorSedit BQ E038 Program Geor88ox007024580} Mass Storage (Floppy Disk, Hard Disk, CD-Rom) 26 RAM RagpoieosGreoepSaySor> Run onfgddioroSi If You Double Click on Freecell r= 10100110) % > > [proro101 10111010 Programs in Hard Disk opoSloreS CPU ox RAM 280 Data aqgcReprRrogfoo8GEdorSt (sre0ga08o> CH-5 opfcoodlopS) Goo CPU omnageBafo}erefryptxsoepacge3 Hard Drive nagc3o5go5 oo8$Edh dove8 CPU o> Hard Drive oB voowags emacgeGafcdBoraorefpdcSGoeSn Hard Drive mmafepxpa, Copy BRAM od sGor8aordlorSt dafrpfcooionceuy Run 30} Program aq CPU ssa}sfjoqo3 Data cegor> RAM denGagdlorhs Sagepqooggaot egfegorraccrorge RAM eofpafiocBoq dopa RAM goggle _ DRAM 380} Dynamic Random Access Memory ge8 SRAM ao} Static Random Access Memory S28 QiGocSt SRAM soafrp&ic3 CH-5 gpacgglcShocSn ngeqfoorefpagc) RAM Soren czar BoorepuaprsSago} Memory Sor YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance - 9p - SiRAM oR Memory efeopSepSepsfajordSe Main Memory Grog Siep-SyphjorSu Bagh gorge s8engcgoch Main Memory sofgbaco§fo3 RAM BodorgBe Shaocioh arkofroo Su PEPE Goons: opcScloreSe 338 RAM BordiBcSoyayefjoqgé DRAM dh og FcoScfforaacyeS adageQch ononSonks RAM cBoffoafgSGuhorSeBorycfoortavsdlsia davwrfoopSt orfaandizorbaands oonseffjojeed DRAM ooSeGeox ofpocpocu RAM cBofpas chacurcSdlorSi Technically soqa20 ogifco:SoRofjacgo} RAM sox DRAM c§cSco08 fac (Certenas ta 5.) Random Access don ogpSror6 9009 Program og Data Ge gOReSEsco>te0Si CPU onar8efapo8corocSa AGBoggSicR Memory odkdoncSs dao: ago Random Access ornfFrorGooore.Se opofi A:§ Random Access eGo} a8 heSRgEfilooSt RAM RornfRicogSoboepS:or6 pcGeffdorqbrcasrreg05 (Spreadsheet) FR:89 RE EpSdu Microsoft ogcSo} Excel Program cRobagegadh 8G Excel odypeoqBsscg oR eaminges adeomegcBacgforSucpcav Spreadsheet BoraszdoRfcRqSordh 0} orbarfryrsoegeS 8 aged$ucS BooGarorfuccgmgorfReorSe SBoarrrago5fer qP5BodffEcoreGc8 RAM odercpogal Heo BER op oagchacgyp sorfuacgy> Data copes CPU oxaaif sorfrcnSosfucfucRuyfheacSoneSu FR Fc3soanfacfoo8Eo.S s2Bso0fcBobocSqueSeQufopm soonfagdes (2) RocBagafid so0nfe (Jo) oRefooKcoorcSs qqferfoSo}oocrfecBocK Gnome a06c85:G Random cGadlooeSs Data cog RecKornoy & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) - 99 - con Access GedloroSu dofrp§ RAM BarepogyGoFEod seas ob SESE 8 ncdofiisohncsficjoc’ opobontideppofipSc}eoosficfooS &G Random Ac- cess a5¢Rqo3 Memory [Sone hpS 2308 Memory Sormagagmngctogts0.8 Ran- dom Access Coog§eGabefseiGEdorSr oncSsocBcfcSoge Random Ac- cess cpScGamnainn vagy sBnofefeSprrocmrtqeeSr ageaSafa6 Fast Forvard cpbqecSr oprcBeRa babe Rewind apSqyxSi Memory ReBouzoingunsoBsroGeBoSeopd> age FoSodogepcRocBeGqoncSe d Random Access eo8HSDx — tol foli fi |r fo Hifopoh itt ofr Jolt foi fo rololofi ofr fo ofofi fol fo folo Frfofojolr[r {rjo} qe Bit Byte engycty Bogepg> RAM YooKaocKcGorcaniBobuafpo& RAM eqegeBcReoo fg xj itor: oD nadion ofp3o}eod§Es RAM 07> Spreadsheet onBqcQGecfoSafoxprabeoragocgeS GScqooSe morfrceghooS Cell anegacgQocSi soorfrorboofiaye Cell 8 ogo5GooSn Cell cnegebqfobep 0or | onBipg GS 338 Cell oogeh agra Ba OOEES 1 OSES RHIC? Cetlondge8e8 | bitorBoxfuyp 8 ogcFgo3exege5 Shitadk 8 it cB 1 BytecY andbgcSdloxS 1 Byte omgSrqfgessonyffEso5c8Sen0}: | ofadh 1 byte=1 Character dh 36072- bit= 1B § 8bit=E ye $52 (1 KB) | Kilobyte = 1,024 byte (1 MB) 1 Megabyte = 1,048, 576 byte (1.GB) | Gigabyte = 1,073,741,824 bytes g.5 RAM Sticks don DRAM Chips ccoraogo Hold cqSoorro}srcqpEracosacge RAM Sticks Gadd) orcSi SagaocSegfoosboRfgccgagse} RAM socqpEradlg.§o3 Chip onbgaf:8ox DRAM YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance =o = DP aoe - 99 - Chip ccoracafag a3BaoaqpEsacoso} RAM Stick Gaslorodh daoc8 RAM oncRaoaforfeon oncgsockS RAM Stick ZoopoSeaospeee Bay RAM Stick 3GSax0x1 03 capearf}p$ qes8 § Gp go RAM Stick odloy RAM Chip GogoRsr$tor8 GaorcorsdlorS1 q9 DIPPs Son Dual In-Line Pin Package dh aporggpffoorto}aooRErcExe\snororocSerbiqo58yo Pin ccoracg@fiSdlorcS: agarenqSecRagtoyo} DRAM [iSo3sxf98 opo2 Motherboard GdkrcRo5§cicrba8oorxonffEdoroSs 8 Dipp coor 8088 § 8086 Motherboard axpracgqtlonS: agfaobcRrafigoracomrcdeqpeSacry apc%c §cRoSuleoot0xSt Bop fre 8 Dipp coga Motherboard eclyosxaa202Scosc079 Bagaoo58 Memory cog seegoSonngchecfoapgn @ Gq DIPP yo cfacgBEoncSt ¢8 30 Pin SIPPs om Single In-Line Pin Package 80286 Motherboard cogqragssogo$ Socket devooncSq 23849 BoSqor01 davc8 Pin ecorsprecoS cnsocognsfncary soca daigpgec RS gSeosSonc 49 30 Pin Simm don Single In Line Memory Module 38 og0> Sipp QoopoScoroge Pin ecorcog% corSioorsqe sin Foy ease types Coma Goo Sadho oy Sp Socket RoSoqpgan og900305 Simm Socket GaorSu 8 30 Pin Simm cogcopSs$aqeoo5 ep eofscoraoge ogfeor BcFcagorbavnchon saxppnaonbanepsoiocseRcBaacto%S & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) we go 72 Pin Simm Son 72 Pin Simm o> 30 Pin Simm cBGSG251 9209 30 Pin cocferaSaorBgpSconoz7c fh qoo5e Memory Stick G, mcoSprang§fccorcdclevoo7054 Simm Socket gosoapoysg> BoS8c0Rcdhn 72 Pin Simm coger 9800 ngpsocoodacgo} CPU BoGoore$ Northbridge <8} Chip BoZor6AGoE 32 bit ovs§SEdloro8i Sa0x onbgpSsson1(g6 affpqeoSaQok & 32 bit 72 pin Simm sogor 32 bit ayo} Data Bus cogGo} 386 3 486 CPU cogaregch ont Sack dlorcSs Sapepy38cB Bit ccgong§cfpormenffpsoopctcoge RAM Stick 00894, Capacity RagdBorchasnBeQqoS Memory §c%03 Bank g> Bank GjpSesbGcborcicoGqeSch cafeo%o3 Memory Stick or RAM Stick §oS0} Stot 8 Bank Rodisloroin § GB go Bank g Bank go. RAM Stick BoBaorajoReRaog $EdlorSs gg 72 Pin Simm @f Capacity enegets 72. Pin Simm cogo2 Bus sooyeS 32 bit Goroofep§ qt RAM Stick go x 32 & GbeBSoo81 soareSG) ft RAM Stick ov» Error Check egSavr$Eo} Parity Bit do} Stick Pafoor x 36 fFBdlorSu ReGqforra 1x32 Raqpoorse’ Box Parity odlo} 4 MB ch 1x36 Bafcor 4 MB cooe$ Parity AelorS1 BGS 2x32 Roof Parity ole} 8 MB Stick adh 4x32 aBqfcor 16 MB dh 8x32 <8 32 MB JI oonpSigfach . Bagepyp BitockgorgSB Bank fjSoxrotoSeggfsfjdocSn gov> Pentium CPU om 64 bit External Data Bus GiloroS: 8cox 32 bit soayoSGo3 $ 72 Pin Simm ogc agprorSucSah 64 bit ogoSa0§ 72 Pin Sirmm J capbsBoSqyrfGScloreS orBaapSscddhoicors ecSefef Banke Sdogn Sebel opcypoor, 0 SBP? RAM Stick sogogeSadlosroxnd{erp§ 0 capExodgo5Gy, Bank GpSdorcSa s2cpSapSicloreSn Bank ffpSewo8BobaQor - One Bank=CPU 4, External Data Bus 0048 Simm or Dimm 3, soy YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance tick tick "PU BR St nce -9- 80x poor Pentium CPU go Simm BoSocSeBq8 One Bank = 64 divided by 32 One Bank =2 (gScqp&sGoig Bank feSoo5) 72 Pin 72 Pin Simm Bank o3& 72 Pin Simm ype onBsobcooss 30 Pin € 72 Pin Simm Bank preg goo Parity ghiecbiged nakoptio RAM sogqzediypn Parity a8} Error Checking di dlooSn Data Gog ansSepcheodyp Goosfeofgponag opcBstnp> 28 1 btcopfoorsboniqy Sore cfg ofp 9 bit ox Parity Bit GSdlooSi 3 RAM cope Control op8c} Northbridge Chip ox $ Parity Bit ofozp$Gt Error Checking opSdkoroSu dcfop& Rar gfreobsqo5q> x 32 070803 Parity dlo3 Stick 898 4 8c9§ x 36 GScpordh dev08 Parity dlo3 RAM Stick RoFsGop Northbridge SoREorcopSs Parity dlo} RAM Stick FsoapSap53SRErogé coriqcloreSi Motherboard o8€s Parity clo} RAM Stick BoSgoquh Sco) 8 Board ox Parit leorradleortor CMOS Setup 4, Advance Setup go Parity Error Check Bo} aay aE uae te Se eA Feature dlodedigorsSuloouSu SznefrpEreoepacgenfapdk expozoracaacBaor Scoot poste Sie soos & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) - ge - Rosfurradh ocbonScfayeBcogrffforn oof Power OncGefoneSr oogoadoga BB orreqSqedGaor BEqhcRevroreSn cor 29@ CMOS Setup Utility BokmcBor0Su Besar sagcQfSnzoro>ScGoffporSt BFR oousk#EBor0 # RAM Stick cB coo8G RAM Stick o9fGo5§: Parity cho} RAM Stick RorbRrocioRgSBo5y ocderfjforciossoxcSh reo) CMOS Bok Parity RAM Stick voroospt (Disable) Sota 98 RAM Stick cagGforoiaoxBoSqoocSi q20 Access Speed ove cppfaosSch Saoefopfion RAM 2030 ROR ERs Sogooss RAM aca Bus Speed 3Goreupo%dloge poor 66 MHz, 100 MHz, 133 MHz oanpSfgSo§ooordoger Wook|forsofefgifecB (Nanosecond) §Goxdh 9094 60ns, 70ns, 8Ons nop SfgEuh soedhas affpocSaQqk 8 RAM dsefgfaifs Access Speed adh Access Speed oRsaccorBoSeffooeS Kaksor eBopfa RAM coger Clock Speed JroySepSoyoroencHoprept BSaEoror CPU erranceSar8prRepSQroegoSarSacc08 Speed FopSqpeSeRord Clock mraoc8qe8 cotoreSi 338 Clock zoefepEteo Ch 5 aqyqfdleoodk SoS 338 System Clock (agFqgom4, Windows godio} 8 oRcfpomsopeidl) o> CPU aacpSorbyopScREryprooScare Speed goqbornandySnanjerboong eager basa) insoge onfqo5 Bp8GSea208 Timing RoBcorqord ave8 B8opG1m RAM o03«0938 Clock FoooySagSorvepoSclogteys 3 RAM ogc Memory Controller Chip (MCC) 280} Northbridge a2 Control oper" Scorn Memory 0802 arg BsocoiorbpohcaSo Northbridge o> Memory o3 Sopepo> Data dopooSed! BBcfhrcGoSeh Memory o> Data & Northbridge BLoKeY. Northbridge oncocbfph 2:3 Sefomacyeftpomonnfnhnd Dan cog Hh cote} Access Time (Access Speed) ode Unit oxox) Nanosecond (ns) {96dlo>oSt 60ns, 7Ons, 80ns 00g 6 aac BiG pcBfuccasfig_Seager§fGforofjoddorcSt opcSloreSn" Eager} noon phonic sefcapBcsnejoace rong ogpefeond} oneonon FP BEA ogg Seycom YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance -9- @ sapgfefjogoroen Access Speedch davSoodorgStoZeBayoen cficQeaepSe9So} RAM 0308 FPM (Fast Page Mode) RAM soGjss2erscQadidloooS 49, RAM Chip adler Access Speed BaopZEdloo.Sn corre 9415MSL-SO Egon 35 oe &® orBcocSo0d3 RAM soGjxs002160309 socScoceagcorfazpSlo}qessr& go) DIMM Son 3 Simm Grcox Dimm coon Dimm roSoorcontsprocducSogen apoScSonc5$E (Rdleoo2.51 Dimm aBox0> Dual In-Line Memory Module conS§8egcooSsxo5s{ego7 oncorg Dimm sega Dimm ox Desktop ogfujorcogqocoz) 168 Pin dgoonc5 184 Pin o0pS9EGdloneSs Simm § SBangSicoSopfforagresborcSt gpSroprrcopSeoafporagordloncSt Dimm cogor Simm aozcQ 32 bit eopoSco203 64 bit soaySQuloreSr dalorpo§ 64 bit 3 sacpScg5e3 CPU sfvo708 Motherboard aogy> Bank jpScarboxBeqpErdBScvrBohqS qdorSn gee EDO dea ‘[Dipp & Sipp & Simm o Dimm cReBor Package Sep es ang Serene Oe ofjore FPM cB EDO dhcon gpStopsncRaffoomdh expeffScGlogie obeog FPM Bor. Rrdjopoodyn EDO aBorfgbcorfffdloooSi RAM oxragadqo Data cogqSorp5$68 & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -Go- Charge BEG SopSqdloreSx ho} Refresh cpSoreSeGedidloreSn & Refresh soofopeso3 CH 5 qosecaos8oSeqravtcordloneSs 88 RAM ox Refresh cgSagorSaRo}so§}F yo Northbridge ox RAM Bon Data aogcRoySrapcGoqaoos3 sencen$qdlorcSn ScBaorfag goon cghayord, Speed RacaoysodiorSr epcSdlorS defoyp§ [Evo (Extended Data Output) Bo} RAM ow 238 Refresh opSoipp§fRocypyoooedlorSu ] BDO RAM 9 FPM oochanepfefocrSe SeGoorony See pongo} Refiesh Time cRacgpqcontonnseBaropifpptqy du EDO aqgon 72 Pin Simm ororofooB Dimi soagRcopSecororcSdlose$s EDO aogox epfayormroFErqoor6a08efoq slope 486 DX of oS Pentium cookBrg>dsoabifjgoroch cppfoocRopS3pRopficr orcegBacurc ocSQopeep 486 DX copy EDO aogefogozonchigsoncSt ‘wordBoge DX4 gooysororBoneSi 48 jcBoororndh gaorper2pSorcoacgoractecoacr seefarcocBonacgenep fi eBoove adh gao7 FPM o% EDO oRefomroRaorgdbgat agpcSagSogoidBGr ogfayorranaorE BE aogypconGulecsrcauS1 EDO 029 FPM RSqfsogoqor090{9E EDO qoScQ Label edonafap§ FPM S3qac5dorSn dofezpferqfopfrore§ EDO aff RoSorovoeR La- bel pb GreoScoeqplorcSs §0g SDRAM don EDO fiscoxc8Sefrpoga SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) RBrodlooofffdioroSs Bp FpStoprrafpbrodgaoghGScoof}fdloroSn opoidioxS SDRAM oxnoxa0g8 Synchro- nous (soqgeSafoqgé GoSaoccorrarSeG$cGorS) cpScorsdbooedaRos System Clock + RorofRagh: Access Speed opferronb dg SagaB SR snadlinafpdo$ FPM of EDO oRox8 System Clock Z§oSsooSconxffEsoGulogen Northbridge oraqorba§ CPU BR Data s0oSforodh $8 Northbridge 2803 Data SoSoqpRERFOR Access Speed Qedlorodh ofa SR 299 SDRAM o» System Clock: BGoScoc8oonrfFExoloHPE SDRAM gp Access Speed RorooGloge Access Speed s2008 Clock Speed BondgdloreSi Clock Speed 5 Gh sorSt 66, 75,83, 100, 133 MHz. GE fr;dloouSn cg FoosSoRonfo5o3 Speed Joo aoc Goquoge YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance -Go- Motherboard o> 66MHz External Data Bus 0898 66 MHz §o} SDRAM ofsoo8sfjqgo GSdiooSu pow PIII d, Front Side Bus ox» 133 MHz QonafaypSqbaq> 133 MHz SDRAM ReooteeqrfgoctoroSu oracon§lorSi SDRAM 4 Speed o> Motherboard 4 Speed coch§lafeEsorgfjan>pooSdlopm soatefigauloreSs aGeodloy Motherboard @, Speed goeybeySognp fiance o3a0p SDRAM on FPM, EDO oRoppfiprosarycoBBgarconrBoaysfoqucSsBoé Northbridge ox CPU 080883 FPM, EDO DRAM ogs8or Data GopogoSeRefocSo5 gfoaracr$qslorcSs a38cfoorao}eoGfourcno} CMOS Setup Utility dyoopdS Northbridge en eager Boot cpbcfienchg clon SBoonbqacSelfomofshnkgdaciycs FEejor dh socReocrqoopoSclogm DRAM qoasooG soa gen nef9S agaoz$eod Northbridge onagSrepBepSdloreSs BeGaifore gSaurrcScREubachcFio}aod eBayorerdloorfodargfccg cerkepapdnr§fecgen socpSRagrocgicodiorcS aogffS orcSedlepi § go go SDRAM § SDRAM Bank/Slot coxfEdoreSu SDRAM oysor,ScBoopoSog CPU q¢S Northbridge qoS SDRAM opSon System Clock: BWcScorssox Northbridge nonoSaoffen SDRAM BorsrqSsocoieqgcR cpSrreSRoroeSoreSeps SeorppgonY safffaoganScoropradlgos SeoqjoSor> FPM & EDO ofooo SDRAM ffcoraoo3anqyd SDRAM qfrcRoonSccoranyafipaScoscuraSs28 fg§cordiorSu & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -Gy- g°9 Double Pumping Ser apocScoSose8e§ RAM aogeodfiGSccerucdshondRafjoofjaty> CPU % Northbridge sofoypsy> Speed cogfxforcconc}socfappEscR gaff evbeooro>St Double Pumping aox Clock Cycle nbdgSo3Eq> Data Gorogbaoo8cBoSoxda Seox CPU 9 Northbridge 0S DRAM geSGooSi Northbridge 3 RAM Yep 100MHz 8 cPU 3 Northbridge [rpxdo> 200MHz, 4 Double Pumping RAM § Northbridge ope 133MHz 3B CPU 3 Northbridge o> 266MHz [SdioouSi dcvs8 Pentium 4 arysorccorsoq! RAM 3 Northbridge faypsy> 100 08 CPU 3 Northbridge fer 400 MHz cqooS§Erqocox 533 MHZ fjScloxSi 338 cB CPU Northbridge sofrypsy Speed [GFaofounGro}epo05 cqcepSagcqpe20 Northbridge RAM seofrpaReopSifGfcoceGasq305 RDRAM DDR RAM oBaocscoohcBagbdlaorg0>081 298 System Clock ox 133 MHz§ Run ego320§§ CPU 3 North # Run ofo2s0 ¢ Bridge sofeypt Double Pumping gSsocp5cp5G « - « North Bridge g06 RDRAM ton Tntél o> CPU % Northbridge afope (Quad-Pumped) Speed cormokSoiojeod fe Speed 8 SDRAM cogarucd§:8Ey$sSo}z0d SDRAM cacpyosserxchsGeoeg$orep ogfgfoqo3 Rambus DRAM (RDRAM) cRopoSapScBoSdloouSs RDRAM on Speed o3 800 MHz. 3008 Handle cpS$EdloruSt Simm of Dimm o%8 RDRAM do} Stick o Rimm qScGroc$oSaoksdFEdorSi Rimm or Desktop oF qyorrccparogc5cor0} Size o> 184 YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance adi 3 am ace j 5 -G- Pin GSdooeSn Rimm ox Dimm cBgagocooe$ ina sk oss po SE Slot qox00r058esx0! jopScoosdlooSt RDRAM oogR 64, 128, 256, 512 MB Sah affedlorcSn 2238 qfee0g>6039 600 MHz, 700 MHz, 800 MHz, 1066 MHz 8iGsq8EdtoouS RDRAM oop grSocparqoScannacgQosfgdorS ocovcrbqobor RDRAM oog0> aonfrsonSicRgdlorcSs dofepEsog (FGcoo} Heat Spreader o Rimm oc%eSRcSox8cor ana a eer Ri eres See, dori Befyforar Rimm Slot g8ehoSaGdBr Slot orf3y2 Rimm crbcapbsGoSocS 3 voft0} oBooK Slot go Continuity Rimm ao} CRimm Sore PGoScorqdorSs §29 DDR SDRAM Sem DDR 380} Double Data Rate SDRAM auleon0} socfrppExsoqfroxepr5eG0%) RD RAM of pSdfgédoouSs RDRAM ao0z RAMBus Corporation eBt(gboxqfrpSayciapbop Gqgo0 RAMBus cReREokofrcoragpfgedlorSn BeoqcSafrppbacoqpora opfoyoRos ogc Beno SlonSeopocosbgon Rambus} Intel ngpSerroonsthig gehp§ RDRAM on Intel 0705 Northbridge Jo} Pentium 4 Systems cogqrderapSopSut oncSn BeoqoSafopo§ orbs AMD CPU & aoffpe Chipset cpcSapS03 VIA, SIS oReoog05 RDRAM aopoScasasofgorfffoofaop§ RAM or59§8cGcoodisor200081 sox DDR Scdkeooc00} nqcSdedh DDR sBor Clock Cycle BEsprcpScaorbqo5o3 gSao0r8cBo503 SDRAM aogddn DDR SDRAM cogox Dimm e033 3604 $9 168 Pin SDRAM Dimm ao3}oopo30q05 © pox 184 Pin Dimm 6dloouS: Pin cr020 184 Pin 168 Pin orrsogsSarcox 020961 8 G20 DDR cogd}, Speed o> 200, 266, 333, 400 MHz rar 81oqJloxSn dawc8ogc 9p4) Speed cRopacgGSchoborrcemé MHz} oceifjcore} | ogpfiy> Data ooeSaarnc5 GRE & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) © - 65 - cocdefornjoctigdlonsSt sexperts seomsnnnen hina Bit oB Byte SoooSu soncGedeGcorza0> Byte Per Second Bun Boor 64 Bit or 8 Byte gor0St Bus Speed ones Data Rate: Rogcicor | MHzo8 8 Byte qerSt 8c022 200 MHz Boor 1600 Bytes Per Second orqorSi opoSclorS BF 1600 ogg> PC Qo} oomsajnoop$eRo5f§s PC 1600, eq208 PC 2100, PC 2700 % PC 3200 QBiGScoodioreS cox PC 3200 079 DDR 400 {g8dloroSn onbgqSssansfg§ 400 MHz Go} DDR SDRAM dfSdlorS aGfyo DDR oxnszojssoqpsoba adfjerosfgSaj2 SDRAM Bes RDRAM }odSoocHio} Motherboard cog Chipset aogeR 2004 ccepobabororpSier Intel enancSivope coon fiédloxSs System Clock o> 133 MHz % Run ago3anGF RAM ¢€ North Bridge sofept DDR SDRAM. ofey§ 266 MHz. SsooySon54 266 MHz North Bridge ge ECC Son aq btRarsof So} Networking Server [33:3 oS High End op§qyorsogy snoisfGo} Error Correction Code (ECC) 079 DRAM loneSu 20089 Error Check- ing doo RAM cqgonorarSconp Error SddorxSsGooo§ do fialoor,fgSorc50} Bor gof7§ Data Loss ASor Gjavogooafgges$EcloneSs BCC onareic8 RAM caporiRyroRerabsGGBEorS Boos8 BocoBeoor$ 168 Pin Dimm cogyrecgqorgpdlorSt qos ECC moka ScRbso}e YOUTH Computer Co., Lid Computer Hardware Maintenance = FS S - Gy - Goqebpm Motherboard o> Support opSqqordh ECC oxoser§BEahs seeactont cnneSch Heavy Duty aogepSoc§ caba>scgyonstesiden 8 cafeqornsegq2000 ee a g.0g RAM snekcessceGesBeacd ‘ Operating System Minimum, Recommend End User Rvindows 98/SE’ _64MB_ gmp: 256 MB > Windows ME 128 MB 256 MB 512 MB Windows 2000-128 MB 236MB°. . ‘3: SIZMB\, Windows XP 256 MB 512 MB 1GB gJo Mixing Speed sefpe: vege Spend ED RAM cop cpegororbaheneSuperpapBiROGEIOD System ReorpSRScodogu SefepE Speed ocpBreopsoobdlogan §J° Memory enBeobGe: 03 coageooSeo eqo§teosego} DDR SDRAM onbanbGc8 § Go J gpa $idloruSu Jj Memory ndeesdfendp Bye’ Windows o30> My Computer q> Right Click $8ch aq Pop-up Menu go Prop- erties Bofjod § G04 edlososkeBSocSi $E-fjoorscagepypseg $EclarSu & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) Comper nt) Caton TIC 20H 1.206, 2483 of RAM YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance Unit 5 Microprocessor II aoaft g om Microprocessor SocSoocKe§, BasEScRoBorcogc® oo6d BiSecBon€GoostonsScloruSr sosfe (g) % soft (g) 02>. sino ooh Breese hons cash: 9 cade opchgetcn (cocsorded) -Go- $so0§sox CPU Model nfjrsoorracgsodfrpbrafprfiqsonqsS CPU RAM Xft sooScQaocBogeSefepSagorsScRoracRocKfjaorenGootsforfgbdcroS 0 ido} cobofeeaqrogfio> RAM omaneSchGpedsBor0ReSogorfr sap CPUS RAM aofpprencfingSyoRoonErafppjocSt 9:2 MCC-Memory Controller Chip Son CPU om RAM 8 aoc ageSSfjooogponbS§dloncSi CH-3 sobafteropfic> CPU onnog% 04), GEoo8 External Data Bus FeooBogeScnrtorShSgorcSaghn soy CPU ov RAM of External Data Bus BoScoo8cGoSocSi BEGoquloga CPU § External Data Bus omdjogpiRuBaouc§ RAM 3 External Data Bus } socfiagcSoorrgo§doget poo offpfidecSs qsoreejacgorrqcostsSeobsedgngesfoene qoontsScobtodl rmorfcQoqeloper eQafioren orasadipronSeprecasoeSs qoonsSeobsadlongeaote emnradtnaobctsocgeRoglfs af ssooh 8GoqosS1 Segepyoqermicjons CPU F3SorSu qeorreSco8te09 External Data Bus Sort arbobtox8epforrst07 RAM B8B:c02 aobebscogoxo RAM adloo CPU RaqSoisrqcheococSacghGboreS gS 8adGEhFeSoc8 Befco% oxatadlon aoSproogapontccTocpaSGhipsbenffsonaw BBG floncSs aoc 3 RAMad CPU afcdeocfrpSxaocpacge fHprorazorbanfapSerpaoron§ og S068 PdloraSn 3348 Memory Controller Chip osiloreSu sopecoraconan Sage Northbridge Chip RycFoorsqesx0€ Motherboard odkgaso8en Chip gS pSRorcSi 383 8por88boq03 Chipset a> Chip orbgodi CPU BaSsox soa SsococBa0p§ omrcdlonogeSefg5a0S1 North Bridge (MCC) Trauk is RAM. YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance P i ~Se- sapSegSFofcenoS cnSrgreadkrooScfracgSinsSa appa GGocS SaszacFo goon efroobcbraogeR socGRagoraSu 03 sofofracgeReocBRago}gpor CPU fib Exter nal Data Bus ooSigo1 RAM oStqrradforooBafscego CPU soc Gogo} RAM adlonsaey Baacodaggt c08cfraoge enbadkadoncaliBodypaqgsaxp§ onbradonoghiqaot 650} sof0r Northbridge Bo} MCC du qfxo8aGo} sayeSarconiacge? [gs80} EDB (Extemal Data Bus) o> CPU Bo3gpecorBooSogoravrcBGooSi a 3 sngg6iGeGoSore0 aobcdiacgeRogfeqaosega) 08 Bo} MCC ancfajpbrch ead North Bridge RAM i 107 00110] 1010101 10111070] (01010101 {01010700} 10100110) 1010101 10111010 l01010100} External Data 01010101 CPU gf North Bridge fpogS External Data Bus g§qfobaocBeuntaasscogSt RAM g€ Extemal Data Bus gosochogeSconegeReanoafr7p§ North Bridge op CPU sxqg05 RAM g Data qpecpSsopcosagay> 9.) Address Bus Ser apreBorbdioaff§oo2 BarcGlbn CPU Baobo} soqoherconsaoge Northbridge om RAM Bor CPU ox RAM 4 aocSagepe> srqdarcocicpopaornedsRorncS fs cpavaeoaor2vaght Bcor CPU 3 & Northbridge sofyt ocoe sooSogeSoorte} External Data Bus sofgSs0q Address Bus Borrdlor&ycRrecodiorcSa ZoorsrgqhifGrooccore CPU % Northbridge (epqe Exter- & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) == nal Data Bus 3 Address Bus o§§s§dloxeSt External Data Bus ooa072 Data cogooS8 ER Address Bus 0x60%2 CPU o72 RAM 8a oocS Data aogeGqborSBorrgR Northbridge cfieffooeS Bus BSdlooeSs RAM Address Bus_ ie “ 10100110) 10111010} 1010100} 10100110) 1010101 10111010) SS s 1010100] x =, t 1010101) 01010101 External Data Bus. CPU a> RAM BorepSarp§ Data qpaqaycRefaypEs North Bridge RekpaF Address Bus R208 External Data Bus 9? Refresh & Wait States son Regepyp sooyksrfchefrafore CPU oxerqBcobaozefoorfGaQqs Mass Storage {603 Floppy Disk, Hard Disk, CD-Rom Rorag sqyoSeococ8acgch RAM cdbSagorbdlorcSn ry RAM ragyarba0§ CPU orreaqyeSarcoctageRqnpornf{SloreS YOUTH Computer €o., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance -~p- Data cogoBucBaor eR Write GepSqjSefoopSspgarrsochEaafpoEafs fy fopScloooSe vu on RAM coo5gfgfdloouSi RAM ov Hard Drive coh 89floruS: 03 RAM 0 Hard Drive cocS8EifulorSsRavoeSaggrsontg,StqoSon69§sor5 DRAM on aqrarc8az202051 cooteuSoncSn sneoshngS GForuS1 dofo7p§ DRAM Rooageoc’ PC copqrogeR | Main Memory (RAM) a2fgs205nqdloouS1 deos8 pporafodo} exnrgpSiqoBcRorracotefppqspocSt Bq 338 DRAM BornorarcScor Microsopic Ca- Microsopic Ca- pacitor coe ® Capacitor g> Charge cpScort0} Capacitor o> 1, Charge s2opScor10} Capacitor or orbgpSasonafgE Dischatge 650} Capacitor o> 0 33 offpatogaxpoo Capacitor ao3e> Charge ogSconeffia Battery Bec03c8 Eco onbgbodopsgp gpg 16, Milliseconds aconSddacgp Scone bdGGRs Recharge opSafiferpt SoocG Recharge eqSoreR Refresh opSorScRediloreSu 499 ¢ RAM Data cogoocQqSor51 aancorgch Refresh opSageGu [roToor 10) 1010101 CPU a> RAM s8an Data qorjagcBGifog& RAM Refresh opSaeq] Wait State Sad} someSjupe Refresh wogSeiSor8 gpSexrnrfGE Charge fjfeog8q DRAM go Data cogurronSqBorpS§Evcds aqpofagoryoadht Zcorcorsdconnypr 16 Milisec adh 38 16 Milisec o3€xy Northbridge ao RAM 3808 Refresh 958 Signal aopQfs Refresh: cpidloruSs sbooc8 Refresh cpSago}so§ifgo Northbridge ox DRAM Bor Data cogaRopSs Access & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) cpSeQonglga Reish RAM cooS§oopSifjfasoroxS: RAM ©» Refresh op5c CPU on or8dleor§% CPU ranrfagqooro8RrodgSagorin Soo7 EfPiehSionen8 pao GR Soe§ cts ophonfftngebonS Ram eGo opt RAM qo DRAM 3 SRAM s8§iGor0Si saggEifoo$ Cache aor SRAM od cafiaofcln DRAM oB RAM gcBepogcQ Cache anpSooideySiBienonngeS aneochanged mragocfajtsaypSancoctange® qphoraoSiGcBe Sat wfsfeyseoEoSExccotaos ©} BGaxracorfjodonedi —> 94 Cache den Cache grgSGp§dloroSr s}doo RAM Cache (RAM CPU) sofepaz, Disk Cache (RAM Hard Disk) sofyprfgSdiorcSu sopcox RAM Cache soofrphsoRbep oy esx8 adpgor ‘offoB0} Wait State BonfRior ogfyonoRagiayorcodo>S: 8207 mpc Wait State RaqqoSo3oocoxGn apFqjoro} Speed or€cvrac$oporaoy Cache AfGSdlor8 5 ocowgErfjopftor CPU aS RAM opS Hard Drive oS sop CPU oS Cache qoS RAM oS Hard Drive qc5i 07058 CPU oxssaqchzococacgeReGo}sodl Cache Afr pSooSr SofugaizocSuhy RAM cAfeypGocSi FaSazofacSoGy Hard Drive cB Mass Storage eoperfojpSocSi ScRaRaor SG foooonedht ‘ YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance. nance Cache qrgSGufocSu Internal Cache cGosfo3 Level 1 Cache (L1) Sena Ex. temal Cache cGesfo} Level 2 Cache (L2) SoGooSi Pentium CPU oPExcGcBQ, soogExg> Internal Cache 16 KB difqdlozcSn Pentium II BofpogsronwopcSopsc gS 032388 Pentium CPU 0342 16 KB o> Internal Cache Gago BarSo} BFR soqyoSooosaego3 cogSooneeGqoxocferp& CPU o> Wait Kanne aoa8cocS BsoopSopSce$idlorSs > 9.9 Ll & L2 dom @® doncoopyo5du Cache oRgrrcopSufGooom soacfop§ Cache oReGeosedn Cache afppEogFqporomonac¥iGfooredshonkarqaSuldr SoooS Gor$Eraroge5§ov0} External Cache co20%9 Motherboard adleoGeglojdloo Susp 2053s ps0 On Chip L2 Cache 8G: cpu FrogopdlovodloreSu cocgcocd CPU copy LI 3 } Internal Cache ox 128 KB Bcon€dlanoro5f§s L2 a0} External Cache 07 256 KB, 512 KB 3 1 MB acBcon’dloooroidloouSi § 9.9 g2 Motherboard cdla> L2 ofa03 8S Cache hog BE ftps ogee LI (Level 1, Intemal Cache) 3 L2 (Level 2, External Cache) dh Li o> CPU So3agoSdlooof§z L2 enc0x Motherboard adkinch dor oreSagepdocioochickh apocBonEgen soenSepSgchrppSelofes CPU oxaneyoS & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) -G- soos ine Lt Lda Fegan ef 2 lose Soins 086 RAM oBfazpSdloroh RAM qoofoptehy Hard Drive RfejpSdloreSu BRqsore BEyrodErGrBopfeGogproSucSaBo8 orcGoqqefogorqnedy acpegeagaf epoqsfvoS: Bicone OSG forech phickesros} ratacpcSo} Agent SEacorecarorSefohn ofopecRefino aqngprosSuSs ogy fret RofapepoorrerBarasorrgrd1 orachon FPRaGqe Cache GorsrogcSefop§ CPU cons Sfp oco Dan eagle fob fide ope wa State eopSeaqpEcQeporradh 98 SRAM Son SRAM Bon Static RAM di. SRAM Gogox DRAM 5038 Capacitor Fie contornaup0803 Flip-Flop Bo} Special Circuit RsrabsfjooredloogS SRAM Gq3o7> DRAM cob GfggloruSs orSqpSuso0¥ffS CPU avo} oQFsloreSi Acoo$ SRAM oraqyfRioreSi DRAM oconcBeqqoaoeSasagat Sao7 SRAM 079 DRAM opp pro}engeBonaegf Fox Gor: deosS DRAM oooe8 Capacity qpsaprocogt DRAM 8 256 MB of 512MB cag ayo sep i op Shooptnpn cfebornocrage Begun Siioon co pqeneponfafapn coBecBion ora RrorBn§ opp Seooeh omporbac hele Left ibechy YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computér Hardware Maintenance — . -—, it a ge eo nce - 49 - 94 On Chip L2 Cache Son saqfopfte L2 Cache 0803 Extemal Cache o> Motherboard adkpo§orffédlorS1 G07 LI ep L2 dgbpoche CPU gofEdboreSi davc8 L2.0> CPU sp0gftodgadkonon concSogeag5i On Chip Bo3so0%E2 Chip adlgods onBspSesorxf§8 Chip orBg0dq23 12 cragepdagcorto}oocozo L1 a022 CPU yrondlonpSs Built in dloosox01 L2 0 On Chip dt BeSySoror CPU Z L2 ov Chip obgdadiqods Yooar8qSGEra8Eqpard Chip orb edororcyBobpSueehp axBsochshmfiBlons 5 gg go On Chip * L2 Cache oRoog $EdborcSu 9.0 Front Side 3 Backside Bus o3s09§ L2 on CPU adlorckfftagepupcGoSaox 338 L2.qu5 CPU qoS Northbridge apSom ncSefencBng Sogfipostaford SG ceed CPU GS L2 Cache qoSor Backside Bus ZoochogcScorloruSn opo8§ Backside Bus afypp§ CPU 3 L2 RaoaocBogeSqagosffi doos8 CPU 3 Northbridge, Nothbridge § RAM ford Address Bus cep External Data Bus cepa} Frontside Bus a§§:ooSadiGropSeadlox2fg5d ordi SapepyocSoamsqgoos Northbride§ RAM sofoyps Bus ofoStpapoepSe adlocgu§ Sopa RAM Interface 8B icorcfoecosfjpoocox§loreSu & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide) 1 Address Bus ——4 ygeo 1 North Bridge ‘External Data BUS bo el Dash Line aptyfeoroBac8joote7 Frontside Bus dh oxfgooos07 Back- side Bus dh North Bridge g§ RAM aobypeR RAM Interface cGoogSeasksloroSt gg MBX seek: MMX a§ox Multimedia Extensions GodloreSi_ 1996 ggSadqp Intel 07 Cooe Pentium CPU 003% RGacrmakrgFeors0§, soobRegiGoic} Feature dGBdboruSn MMX Song Swoprmophpoee CPU 03g Multimedia JodkoocBodeonySaqgey5§ Register anoobacorqenpGavroonidoxSt BBaofFE CPU d, Codebook ByreogSe gE, ooSoo08o} n8§0008 99 RoopSroopSogéroosdtoreS: BBBSadleorcof|Stor> Multimedia cqScfuaogGicd Graphies, Games acqonapugp lenrsonnapercoyfe SoG SadlsoddorSu og§ood cnapSorb-pSodpocBgidorSt Epsonfephed 8 MMX oxodlo}. CPU o> Multimedia cqScfscanrborengeh MMX odlo3 CPU cond 8 08 opSfEcboo} oqreSBErqroor Cyrix 3§ AMD Rom MMX Road, CPU aogyodisoo}s63, [FidcoroxS1 g.20 Pipelines enckgeds GSgSoghertrgetosd cruciate Birnie Soo ig Bneg® omosfnreefit a BicGerococicgBoc Soong SBE som foogeonfibaoxhs CPU oncBfrocenfeg Se fodEeQ sndGorbgogceurorcSeho} sanoxsagnicrse0 8G (Step) naogacggoreS poor Rid03 anbofreacogorfimnehpgonase CPU onenepbonbgep Shag Clock YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd Computer Hardware Maintenance / Wire o Charge apSqoocSs sdaochGjred] Charge opSuoin GaciScopS: ne ogRocSn 33403 Pipeline GedlorS cgoSdlorSep - ostronbgcfiqehqear8 anrdeasoruS sag ScoBecorcogopfieeS fRofogfcGraoon cgoicStaconErcann ssaxmtaqgeostangEapeSconn doroabacki ico BoooSdororbiaogu Booohiqk aroorrcczeepehehdorarba0ki oychaSofeonfodoopSdoraqroSa}ssns08i Bagepya(ododorkrycSgrcontesBopr) oeSeroopSssByoch Booobersaw} (BoayoScoor 29) sonudicogkc¥ econfxxgan orfrooyeSaosiadofeenfodoopSeGoopan saantaaxfeGongpe axhepr ScGorBaoffposBa0k Series cPobGEagorcH Pipeline cGodlorcSu adayobeaeSacoede acgopfiffiarotaaqafRiRouSs BiGororbB0d auSefuencopStorbaSadQuSBorbacSoyehy orbaSorbqooSs 88959 aSePrgS-GoSBophiBrarnrsrasrrecge gSacSGEq5§EooSu IBEFFogoncdh oR Dual Pipeline (Multiple Pipeline) «G cdfdloouSu Pentium CPU aq302 Dual Pipeline aoafiSdlo2u51 doo Pentium apc RExyo Quad Pipelining oo6GSorpS:0S:fFpsccoscBExsxcpSaySdleor 202051 g.00 Clock Speed $2 Multipliers CPU aogororbagorb fier Model ssaobacgo dig Ageahsfgfoococp§coodloxSn Aov8 CPU ooggozecS sropSapSccar8[Ho0§ orffosogeSscogorcor2# CPU 4, ff gfrecocSelfinydoze SoormaSpSchndl noxboakjgn djepSqeeSoygbounds sporbausscBafo} CPU orfgffftosBaesocfioragiagcon axeScRoeseoSuceS $6360 loeb: BeGySorrm Clock Speed 99S GpGeloresn CPU exagorroz009 Internally & System Administration Computer in Details (A+ Guide)

You might also like