ADVANCED TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY

LECTURE 1:

Antoine Lavoisier – FATHER OF MODERN CHEMISTRY

 He wrote first list containing 33 elements.

 He arranged known 30 elements .
 He distinguished metals and non-metals.
 Discovered the role of oxygen in combustion.
 Opposed phlogiston theory.
 Discovered silicon and shows sulphur is an element not a compound.
 Discovered Law of Conservation of Mass.

Johns Jakob Berzelius

 Developed table of atomic weights.
 Introduced letters to symbolise elements.
 Discovered Zr , Ti , Se , Si , Th , Ce.
 94 natural elements - stable and rest radioactive .

Johaan Dobereiner

 Triad – increasing order of at. Weights.

John Newlands
 Arranged 60 elements in the increasing order of at. Weights. He observed several
similarities between 1st and 8th , 2nd and 9th elements and so on.. - LAW OF
OCTAVES.
 Good up to Ca but not fully accepted.

Lothar Meyer

 Compiled PT of 56 elements based on periodicity of properties like molar volume and

increasing order of at. Weights.
Mendeleev
 “The properties of the elements are the periodic functions of their atomic weight”.
 He gave importance to similarities in empirical formula and properties and at. Weight
is not strictly followed.
 He predicted the properties of some unknown elements and left gaps in the table.
Eg: left gap below Al – Eka Al and Si – Eka Si
 He predicted the properties of Ga and Ge before they were being discovered.
Henry Mosely
 “The properties of the elements are the periodic functions of their atomic number”.

LECTURE 2:

 Cavendish – discovery of hydrogen.

 Rayleigh and Ramsay – discovery of Ar.
