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Science - G7 Q4 W3
Science - G7 Q4 W3
SCIENCE 7
th
4 QUARTER
Module 3
ATMOSPHERIC INTERACTIONS
Earth’s Atmosphere
Image Credit: (Shutterstock)
To the Learner
This module is made intended for you as a learner. This will help you to better
understand the content of the lesson and for sure for your development also. It is
very important because the very significant ideas of the topic are contained in this
module. Read and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home and find a comfortable place
to study.
2. Read and follow the instructions carefully.
3. Do the activities to fully understand each lesson.
4. Be very honest in answering the activities to monitor what you have
learned in the lesson.
5. Reflect and apply the concepts learned.
- The Writer
1
EXPECTATIONS
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
PRETEST
Directions: Read and analyze the following questions. Write the capital letter of the
correct answer.
LOOKING BACK
Rearrange the jumbled letters to identify the term being asked using the descriptions
given.
OSILSF UELF 1. Natural fuel that came from the remains of living things.
NERIMAL 2. Natural, solid materials found on Earth that are the building blocks
of rock.
NOITAVRESNOC 3. It is the wise use of natural resources so that it will not be used up
too soon or use in a way that will damage the environment.
GNILCYCER 4. It is the process of reusing a given product that may be beyond its
intended use or producing a new product from recyclable material.
2
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
The great mass of air that envelops Earth’s surface and is held in place by the
planet’s gravitational force is called the atmosphere. This part of Earth is composed of a
different mixture of gases: 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon, 0.038% carbon dioxide,
and other trace amounts of inert gases. Our atmosphere has been responsible for the
development and protection of life on our planet. However, most scientist agree that the
composition of the atmosphere is gradually changing because of human activities, and
these changes might eventually lead to other changes in Earth.
Figure 1
Scientist have discovered that the atmosphere has layers with distinct
characteristics.
https://www.shutterstock.com/imagevector/diagram-layers-within-earths-atmosphere-illustration-
1216516150
Figure 2
3
ACTIVITY NO. 1 “Layers of the Atmosphere”
WHAT AM I!
Directions: Read and answer the riddle about layers of the atmosphere called “WHAT
AM I.”
1. 2.
I am the lowest in the layers I am 50km above the Earth
which provides most of your With very little water vapor
weather. present.
Clouds and storms occur in me. No weather exists so aircrafts can
Where air is denser and people fly. Temperature increases as you
live. Temperature decreases as gain altitude in this layer.
you gain altitude in this layer The ozone layer, which shields
WHAT AM I? ___________ the Earth from radiation, is
found in me
WHAT AM I?___________
3. 4.
I am the coldest region in the Temperature increases as you
atmosphere gain altitude in this layer.
Extending to about 90km above I am so thin, generally part of the
the Earth outer space
Meteors generally burn up in my International Space Station and
layer many satellite orbits within me
That’s why the Earth’s surface is I can reflect electromagnetic
not cratered like moon. waves back to Earth
Temperature decreases as you Making radio communications
gain altitude in this layer possible.
WHAT AM I?___________ WHAT AM I?___________
6.
5. I am the outermost layer of the
I am the topmost part of the atmosphere
Earth’s atmosphere Primarily composed of hydrogen
With a very high temperature and helium
Due to high energy ultraviolet Due to a very thin region with low
and x-ray radiation from the sun density
But I cannot burn your skin Atoms and molecules escape into
WHAT AM I?___________ space
WHAT AM I?___________
Concepts to be learned: Since air has weight, the air at the bottom of the
atmosphere is compressed. Each layer of the air presses down on the layer below it
with a force equal to the weight of all the air above it. So, the Earth’s gravity pulls the
air toward Earth’s surface. Air exerts pressure on Earth. This pressure is called air
pressure. The atmosphere has different properties at different elevations above sea
level, or altitudes. Altitude is the height above a certain level. The air density decreases
with increasing altitude. We don't feel this pressure because our bodies push an equal
amount of pressure outward. Temperature also decreases as you gain altitude in the
troposphere and mesosphere, and it is increases as you gain altitude in stratosphere
and thermosphere.
4
Figure 3
FACT OR BLUFF?
B. Write FACT if the statement is correct and BLUFF if
false. Use the figure 4 as your guide
1. There is less space between air molecules at higher
altitudes.
Concepts to be learned: “Warm air rises,” and “Air moves towards the place where
warm air is rising.” When warm air rises, the air becomes cooler. The warmth of the air
expands the air. The more your air expands, due to low air pressure, the colder it gets.
Therefore, as the air rises, the colder it gets. Air moves from an area of high pressure to
an area of low pressure. The movement of air is caused by density differences brought
about by ‘moving air’ called winds.
Directions: Answer the following questions while referring to the diagram on breezes.
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/7b.html
5
ACTIVITY NO. 4 “Solar Energy in the Atmosphere”
Objective: Discuss how energy from the Sun interacts with the layers
of the atmosphere
Concepts to be learned: The vapor sends some of this radiation back to Earth’s
surface, and this produces the so–called greenhouse effect. The heat–absorbing effect
of greenhouse gases raises the average surface temperature from a cold temperature to
a pleasant livable temperature. The reflection of sunlight does not only occur in the
surface of the Earth; some of it is reflected by the clouds and the particles in the air. A
cloud sky acts like a blanket that keeps Earth warm as the particles and gases in the
air absorb infrared radiation. These gases, are called greenhouse gases, trap the heat
near the surface of the Earth.
Directions: Complete the diagram by describing the pictures. Choose from the terms
in the word pool below.
forming a
allowing
which around
sunlight
reflects to reach the where
they are
back to
creating the
which may cause a rise in
REMEMBER
• The Earth’s atmosphere is composed of five different layers: troposphere, stratosphere,
mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
• The atmosphere also keeps heat from leaving Earth’s surface at night, distributes heat and
water over Earth, acts as medium of transport and transmission, and serves as medium
for exchange of gases. It also transmits sound waves and makes various weather
phenomena possible.
• The atmosphere is composed of different mixtures of gases, water vapor, dust, and other
minute solid particles that are essential in the formation of clouds.
• The exchange of heat energy between the Sun, Earth, and space establishes the balance of
energy, such that the solar radiation that comes from the Sun is also sent back to the
atmosphere from Earth.
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
MATCHING TYPE. Directions: Match the items in column A with those in Column B.
A B
___________1. exosphere a. layer where jets fly
___________2. ionosphere b. reflects radio waves
___________3. ozone layer c. lowest layer in the atmosphere
___________4. stratosphere d. higher layer in the atmosphere
___________5. Troposphere e. prevents ultraviolet rays from
reaching the atmosphere
POSTTEST
Directions: Read and analyze the following questions. Write the capital letter of the
correct answer.
_________1. What is the most abundant ________4. What happens to solar energy
gas in the atmosphere? if only 50% penetrates the Earth’s
atmosphere?
a. carbon dioxide
b. methane a. The energy is lost in space
c. nitrogen b. It will be reflected to the moon
d. oxygen c. It loses energy due to the sun’s
gravity
_________2. Which layer of the d. It will be absorbed or reflected by
atmosphere has the lowest the atmosphere
temperature?
________5. Why is it essential to
a. exosphere maintain the ozone layer in the
b. mesosphere atmosphere?
c. stratosphere
d. troposphere a. It prevents heat loss from Earth
b. It mixes the gases in the
________3. Which layer of the atmosphere
atmosphere weather occur? c. It reflects Sun’s ray back to the
atmosphere
a. mesosphere d. It absorbs most of the ultraviolet
b. stratosphere radiation that enters the
c. thermosphere atmosphere
d. troposphere
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REFLECTION “MEANING – MAKING”
The atmosphere is the important factor that makes Earth livable. Write a pledge or
promise to the atmosphere to make it safer and more sustainable.
I promise to…
CONGRATULATIONS!
You made completed this Self –Learning Module.
Good Job!
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ANSWER SHEET
PRETEST POSTTEST
1. ____ 1. ____
2. ____ 2. ____
3. ____ 3. ____
4. ____ 4. ____
5. ____ 5. ____
1. __________________ 1. __________________
2. __________________ 2. __________________
3. __________________ 3. __________________
4. __________________ 4. __________________
5. __________________ 5. __________________
6. __________________
ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 3
1. _______ 1. ____________________________________
2. _______ ______________________________________
3. _______ 2. ____________________________________
4. _______ ______________________________________
5. _______ 3. ____________________________________
______________________________________
4. ____________________________________
______________________________________
5. ____________________________________
______________________________________
1. _______
2. _______
3. _______
4. _______
5. _______
1. _________________
2. _________________
3. _________________
4. _________________
5. _________________
6. _________________
7. _________________
REFLECTION: