Unit 6

Animals

PAGE 62. EXCERCISE A. FRAME YOUR IDEAS. Which categories of animals invite the most
negative or positive responses? Write one or more of the adjectives below.
Invertebrates:
1. A bee: noisy and intelligent
2. A spider: frightening and patient
3. A worm: disgusting
Amphibians:
1. A salamander: relaxed
2. A frog: noisy
Fish:
1. An eel: ugly
2. A goldfish: cute
Reptiles:
1. A crocodile: dangerous and lazy
2. A snake: patient
3. A lizard: energetic
Birds:
1. A parrot: intelligent
2. An eagle: independent
Mammals:
1. A lion: dangerous and fascinating
2. A horse: hardworking and useful
3. A sheep: tasty and noisy
4. A monkey: funny and intelligent
5. A mouse: quiet
6. A rabbit: cute
7. A dolphin: intelligent and attractive
8. A dog: funny and energetic
9. An elephant: independent and relaxed

Adjectives:
1) Attractive 6) Fascinating 11) Intelligent
2) Cute 7) Frightening 12) Lazy
3) Dangerous 8) Funny 13) Noisy
4) Disgusting 9) Hardworking 14) Patient
5) Energetic 10) Independent 15) Quiet

1
 16) Relaxed 18) Ugly
17) Tasty 19) Useful

PAGE 62. EXCERSICISE C. DISCUSSION. Discuss the questions.

1. Would your responses have been different if any of the animals had been babies
instead of adults? How?
Yes, my answer would have been different in the case of the lion. When a lion is a baby, it is not
considered dangerous in the same way that adult lions are. Baby lion, like other young
animals, are playful, curious, and vulnerable. They rely on their mothers for protection, care,
and learning survival skills. Baby lions are born blind and entirely dependent on their mother
for the first few weeks of life.
2. Did any other physical factors affect your choices, such as color or size? In what ways?
Yes, it did. Adult lions have well developed muscles and are incredibly strong, allowing them to
take down large prey and defend their territory. Lion cubs, on the other hand, are not as
physically strong, and their muscles are not fully developed.
3. Did any experiences you’ve had with any of these animals affect your choices? How?
Yes, I did. I had the opportunity to go to Puerto Plata, Ocean World. And I had the great
privileged of sharing with dolphins. I realized that they’re very intelligent, playful, funny and
social.
PAGE 63. EXERCISE E. UNDERSTAND IDIOMS AND EXPRESSIONS. Find each expression in
spotlight. Then complete the statements.
1. When Karina says they “felt sorry for” the younger cat, she means they… him.
☐ apologized to ☒were concerned about ☐were annoyed with

2. When she says the older cat “puts up with” the younger one, she means the older cat…
☐ is annoyed with him ☒accepts his behavior ☐is concerned about him

3. When she says the gray cat is the one “in charge”, she means the gray cat…
☐ obeys the white one ☒ is obeyed by the white one ☐ is older than the white one

4. When she says the gray cat put the white one “in his place”, she means the gray one…
☒ is the boss ☐ isn’t the boss ☐is his friend

5. When she refers to animals being “cooped up in” cages, she means they…
☐ are made comfortable ☒ don’t get to go outside ☐ often go outdoors

PAGE 63 EXERCISE F. PAIR WORK. Choose one or more of these topics. Tell your partner
about.
1. A time when you or someone you know felt sorry for an animal and took it in.
3 years ago, my brother took a dog that was hanging around our home. The dog was hurt and
hungry. M y brother felt sorry for him and now the dog is healthy and better than ever.

2
 2. A home where the pet was the one in charge.
A friend of mine had a dog and he was the one in charge. No one could get close to his owner;
friends, relatives, even his girlfriend.
PAGE 63. SPEAKING. Discuss the questions.

1. Do you care if an animal is cooped up in a cage? Why or why not? Are there times
when an animal should be?
I care if an animal is cooped up in cages. Some animals shouldn’t be cooped up in cages. I think
that if an animal represents any danger for humans, then should be in a cage. At least the
animal isn’t its habitat.
2. Which animals on page 62 do you think need lots of outdoor space? Why?
Lions, elephants, dolphins, horses, snakes and crocodile.
PAGE 65. EXERCISE E. UNDERSTAND THE GRAMMAR. Decide who the performer of the action
is. Then choose the active or passive voice to complete each statement.
1. People (should treat / should be treated) animals humanely.
2. Large mammals like lions (shouldn’t keep / shouldn’t be kept) in zoos.
3. In order to help people with disabilities, dogs (have to train / have to be trained) when
they are young.
4. They say people (can teach / can be taught) bears to do tricks like dancing or standing up
on command.
5. Horses (shouldn’t force / shouldn’t be forced) to run in races.
6. Sometimes, in order to protect people, aggressive dogs that live on the street (have to kill /
have to be killed).
PAGE 65. EXERCISE F. GRAMMAR PREACTICE. Write sentences using passive modals.
1. People / shouldn’t / allow to hunt elephants.
People shouldn’t be allowed to hunt elephants.
2. New medicines / might / discover through animal research.
New medicines might be discovered through animal research.
3. Monkeys / shouldn’t / keep as pets.
Monkeys shouldn’t be kept as pets.
4. A lot / could / do to improve conditions for cattle on the factory farms.
A lot could be done to improve conditions for cattle on factory forms.
5. The treatment for research animals / must /improve.
The treatment of research animas must be improved.
6. Can’t / zoos / use for performing scientific research to protect animals?
Can’t zoos be used for performing scientific research to protect animals?
7. Why / chickens / have to / raise in such crowded conditions?
Why do chickens have to be raised in such crowded conditions?
PAGE 71. EXERCISE C. UNDERSTAND MEANING FROM CONTEXT.
1. Biodiversity:
☐The place the animals live

3
 ☒The variety of living things
☐The disappearance of a species

2. A habitat:
☐The food animals eat
☒The place animals live
☐The number of species

3. Extinction:
☐The protection of a species
☐The hunting of a species
☒The disappearance of species

4. Conservation:
☒The protection of animals from extinction
☐A danger to animals
☐A source of food

5. An ecosystem:
☐A danger to animals
☐The protection of a species
☒A community of living things

PAGE 71. EXERCISE D. RECOGNIZE CAUSE AND EFFECT. Discuss the questions.
1. What are four reasons the passenger pigeons became extinct? What did
conservations efforts fail?
• The passenger pigeon became extinct because there was a large-scale commercial
enterprise in the mid-1800s supplying east coast cities with steady supply of birds.
• Their habitat and food sources were shrinking as forests were cut down for farming
and construction.
• Approximately 250000 birds were killed simply for sport each year.
• Famele passenger pigeons laid only one egg each year. Conservation efforts were
stared too late, and thus failed.
2. Why did settles hunt the buffalo? How did the buffalo come so close to extinction?
Settlers hunted buffalo often just for sport, but also because they were an obstacle to growing
crops and raising cattle. The buffalo come so close to extinction because entire herds were
slaughtered in the 1800s as new settlers moved from the east to settle in the West.
PAGE 73. EXERCISE A. Listen to part 1 of a radio program. Choose the phrase that best
completes each statement, according to the program.
1. Capuchin monkeys can be…
☐use for medical research ☐loyal friends to humans ☒trained to help people with
disabilities

4
 2. These monkeys are useful to humans because they…
☒can do simple jobs ☐ can push a wheelchair ☐can wash dishes

EXERCISE B. Listen to part 2 and choose the phrase that best completes each statement.
1. Dolphin assisted therapy had a positive effect on children’s…

☐a moral or ethical development ☒ speech development ☐ physical development

2. Children responds to dolphins because dolphins are…

☐Good swimmers ☐intelligent ☒ playful

3. Many of these children respond better to people after…

☐a year of treatment ☒ a few treatments ☐ a few weeks of treatments

EXERCISE C. Change the adjective in each statement so it makes sense.

1. A relaxed pet that is good with kids is destructive: gentle
2. A cat that often scratches people with its claws is affectionate: aggressive
3. A pet that is loving and friendly is aggressive: loyal
4. A dog that damages furniture is playful: destructive
5. An animal that is easy to care for is filthy: low-maintenance
6. A dog that easily frightened is protective: high-strung
7. A pet that is expensive to buy and take care of is good-nature: costly
8. A parrot that has fun holding a ball in its beak is loyal: playful
EXERCISE D. Complete each statement with vocabulary from the unit.
1. Passenger pigeons used to fly together in very large flocks.
2. A cat is a mammal, and a frog is an amphibian.
3. Dogs that do not have owners sometimes hang out together in packs.
4. Lions use their teeth and claws to kill their prey.
5. Buffalo have a pair of antlers on their furry heads.
6. An eel is a kind of fish, and crocodile is a kind of reptile.
7. Dominant male sheep fight with their horns to choose who will be the one in charge
of the herd.
8. Humans have feet, and horses have hooves.
9. A bird may use its beak to protect itself from a predator.

5
EXERCISE E. Choose four of the topics. Use passive modals to state your own opinion about
each topic.

Topics
a) Medical research
b) Hunting
c) Dog fighting
d) Extinction
e) Pets
f) Zoos

1. Dog fighting should be prohibited because is a cruel practice that causes suffering to the
animals.
2. Medical research could be improved the methods, so animals can be treated more
humanely.
3. Hunting has to be banned because it is inhumane.
4. Zoos should be preserved to care those animals in extinction.