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AMERI

CANCOLONI
ALPOLI
CY
Mi
li
tar
yGov
ernor
sint
hecount
ry Per
iodofSuppr
essed
Wesl
eyMer
ri
t Nat
ional
ism
El
wel
lOt
is Fl
agLaw–pr
ohi
bit
edt
hepubl
i
cdi
spl
ayof
Ar
thurMacAr
thur t
heFi
l
ipi
nof
lag.
The1stPhi
li
ppi
neCommi
ssi
on -User
esi
stanceagai
nstUS.
"
Schur
manCommi
ssi
on" Sedi
ti
onLaw-adv
ocat
edsepar
ati
on/
independence
HeadedbyDr
.JacobSchur
man f
rom t
heU.
S
-Toi
nvest
igat
econdi
ti
onofphi
l
.isl
and. -i
mposedpenal
typr
isont
othosewho
act
sonadv
ocat
einpendencef
rom U.
S
The2ndPhi
li
ppi
neCommi
ssi
on Br
igandageAct
-Member
sofanAr
medband
"
Taf
tCommi
ssi
on" -puni
shmentofnotmor
ethan20y
rs
Chai
redbyWi
l
li
am Howar
dTaf
t
-Toest
abl
i
shedsel
fGov
ernment
-Tr
ainFil
ipi
nossel
fGov
ern.
Wi
ll
iam HowardTaf
t
The1stCi
vi
lGov
ernorGener
al Feder
alPar
ty–Fi
rstpol
i
tical
par
tyi
nthe
Fr
ankMur
phy Phi
l
ippi
nes.
Lastci
vi
lGov
ernorgener
al Phi
li
ppi
neAssembl
y
Phi
li
ppi
neCommi
ssi
on Lowerhouse-
Phi
l
ippi
neLegi
slat
ure
Lawmaki
ngbody Upperhouse-Phi
l
ippi
neCommi
ssi
on
"
Phi
li
ppi
neBi
ll
/Or
gani
cActof1902or For
mal
l
yinaugur
atedonOct
ober16,
1907
CooperAct
" Ser
gioOsmena"
elect
edasspeakeroft
hehouse
Appoi
ntedcommi
ssi
oner
s ManuelL.Quezon"Maj
ori
tyf
loorl
eader
"
-Pabl
oOcampo
-Beni
toLegar
da GabaldonAct-1stl
egi
slat
ionofPhi
l
ippi
ne
•Ai
mst
opr
ovi
deext
ensi
onofUSBi
l
l assembly.
ofr
ighst
othephi
l
.andguar
ant
ees.
Wood-
For
besMi
ssi
on
 USPr
esi
dentWar
renG.
Har
dingf
orhi
sdesi
ret
oknowt
het
rue
TheFi
li
pini
zat
ion–i
sagr
adual
orgener
al st
ateoft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes.
r
epl
acementofAmer
icansbyFi
l
ipi
nos Educat
ionalDev
elopment
 By1901Cay
etanoAr
ell
anowasappoi
nted  Educat
ionActNo.74-Est
abl
i
shedof
Chi
efoft
heSupr
emeCour
t. publ
i
cschool
int
hephi
l
ippi
nes.
 Gov
.Gen.Fr
anci
sBur
tonHar
ri
sonI
twas byt
heTaf
tCommi
ssi
on
dur
inghi
ster
m whenFi
l
ipi
nizat
ionwasf
ull
y  Abol
i
tionofr
eli
gioni
nst
ruct
ions.
i
mpl
ement
edi
nthePhi
l
ippi
nes.
JonesLaworPhi
li
ppi
neAut
onomyAct Thomasi
tes-1stAmer
icant
eacher
sboar
dfr
om
 Sponsor
edbyWi
ll
iam At
kinsonJones "Thomasshi
p"cameonAug23,
1901
Cabi
netCr
isi
sof1923happenedwhen
Gov
ernorwoodgov
ernedt
hecount
ry Pensi
onadosorexchangest
udent
s
wi
thoutt
hecooper
ati
onoft
heLegi
slat
ure. -Phi
l
ippi
nest
udentwhose
expensesar
epai
dbyt
hegov
ernmentwhi
l
ehe
st
udi
esabr
oad.

I
ndependenceMi
ssi
ons: The1935CONSTI
TUTI
ON
Commi
ssi
ononI
ndependence -Rat
if
iedonMay14,
1935
 Thecommi
ssi
onr
ecommendedt
he Gr
egor
ioPer
fect
o-del
egat
efr
om Mani
l
awhosi
gnedt
he
sendi
ngofi
ndependencemi
ssi
onst
oUS. const
it
uti
oni
nhi
sownbl
ood.
OSROXMi
ssi
on Sept
ember17,
1935-Fi
rstel
ect
ionundert
hisconst
it
uti
on
 LedbyOsmenaandRoxas.I
tsmai
ntaski
s Pr
esi
dent
-Manuel
t
osecur
eindependencel
awf
rom US. Vi
ce-
Presi
dent
-Ser
gioOsmena
Har
e-HawesCut
ti
ngAct COMMONWEALTHPERI
OD
 Gr
ant
ingofPhi
l
ippi
nei
ndependenceaf
ter  Pr
es.ManuelQuezon-Fat
herofsoci
alj
ust
ice
12y
ear
s.  Ant
i-
DummyLawt
hatpuni
shesFi
l
ipi
nos
Ty
dings-
McDuf
fi
elaworI
ndependenceLaw  Phi
li
ppi
neI
mmi
grat
ionLawt
hatl
i
mit
sthe
 Pr
ovi
dedf
ora10y
eart
ransi
ti
onper
iodt
o numberofi
mmi
grant
sper
mit
tedannual
l
ytoent
er
i
ndependence. t
hemar
ket
.
Ty
dings-
McDuf
fi
e-par
ti
ali
ndependence
Commonweal
th-Ful
li
ndependence  Sakdal
ism apopul
armov
ementf
oundedby
Beni
gnoRamos.
Jul
y41946-I
ndependencef
rom U.S
-t
heCommonweal
thoft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes  Fi
rstl
aboruni
oni
nthePhi
l
ippi
nesUni
onObr
era
becamet
heRepubl
i
coft
hePhi
l
ippi
nes—t
heThi
rd  Democr
ati
ca-f
oundedbyI
sabel
odel
osRey
es
Republ
i
c.
JAPANESEOCCUPATI
ONI
NTHEPHI
LIPI
NES

December7,
1941-Japanat
tackedt
he
Amer
icannav
albasei
nPear
lHar
bori
nHawai
i.
December8,
1941-USdecl
aredwaragai
nstJapan
Uni
tedSt
atesAr
medFor
cesi
ntheFarEast
(USAFFE)
-combi
nedf
orcesofAmer
icanandFi
l
ipi
nosol
dier
sundert
he
commandofGen.
Dougl
asMacAr
thur
.
Gen.Masahar
uHomma-t
heCommander–i
n-chi
efoft
heJapaneseI
mper
ial
for
cesi
nthePhi
l
ippi
nes
Decmber26,
1941-MacAr
thurdecl
aredMani
l
aanopenci
ty.
Mar
ch11,
1942-MacAr
thurpr
oceededt
oAust
ral
i
a,f
amousl
ytel
l
ingr
epor
ter
sther
e”Ishal
lret
urn”

Apr
il9,
1942-
Gen.Edwar
d,Ki
ngcommanderofBat
aanFor
cessur
render
edt
oJapanese
Apr
il10,
1942-t
he"Deat
hMar
ch"begani
nMar
ivel
esandCabcaben.
May6,
1942-Gen.Wai
nwr
ight
,CommanderofCor
regi
dorf
orcessur
render
edt
oJapanese.
GOVERNMENT DURI
NGJAPANESEPERI
OD
TheJapaneseMi
l
itar
yAdmi
nist
rat
ion

KEMPEI
TAI–Japanesemi
l
itar
ypol
i
ce
Kapi
sanansaPagl
il
ingkodsaBagongPi
li
pinas(
KALI
BAPI
)
 Chi
efor
ganoft
heJapanesepr
opaganda
ThePhil
ippi
neExecut
iveCommi
ssi
ons/
Cent
ralAdmi
nist
rat
ive
Organi
zati
on
 Est
abl
i
shedonJanuar
y23,
1942191942191942Ap
Appoi
ntedDepar
tmentHeads
•Beni
gnoAqui
noSr
.-Commi
ssi
onerofi
nter
ior
•Ant
oni
oDel
asAl
as-Commi
ssi
onerofFi
nance
•JoseLaur
el-Commi
ssi
onerofJust
ice
•Raf
ael
Aluna-Commi
ssi
onerAgr
icul
tur
e&For
est
ry
•Cl
aroM.Rect
o-Commi
ssi
onerofEducat
ion
•Qui
nti
nPar
edes-Commi
ssi
onerofPubl
i
cwor
ks.

TheSecondPhi
l
ippi
neRepubl
i
c

I
naugur
atedonOct
ober14,
1943,
wit
h

JoseP.Laur
elasi
tspr
esi
dent

Abol
i
shedt
hePhi
l
ippi
neExecut
iveCommi
ssi
on

Legi
. slat
ivepowerv
est
edi
nNat
ional
Assembl
y

Li
wayway -onl
ytagalogweeklymagazi
ne
.
..
.
Resi
stanceagainstJapanese

HukbongBayanl
abansaHaponFoundedonMar
ch29,
1942andl
edbyLui
sTar
ucandCast
ro
Al
ejandr
ino

30,
000Guer
il
laf
ight
ers
June19,1944–Begant
heBat
tl
eoft
he
Phi
l
ippi
nesSea

Oct
ober20,
1944–Gen.
MacAr
thurandhisal
l
ied
for
ceslandedi
nPal
oBeach,Ley
te.

Bat
tl
eofLeyteGul
f–Gr
eat
estnav
albat
tl
ein
Histor
y

Jul
y4,
1945–MacAr t
hurpr
ocl
aimedt
hat
Phil
i
ppineshadbeenli
ber
atedf
rom t
he
Japanese

August6,
1945–Bombi
ngofHi
roshi
ma

August
9,1945–Bombi
ngofNagasaki

3rdPhi
li
ppi
neRepubl
ic

Camei
ntobewhent
heUSgr
ant
edt
hecount
ryi
tIndependenceon

Jul
y4,
1946.

4thPhi
li
ppi
neRepubl
ic

Dur
ingt
heer
aofmar
ti
all
awi
nthecount
ryonJune30,
1981

5thPhi
li
ppi
neRepubl
ic

-
Est
abl
i
shedonFebr
uar
y2,
1987,
whent
heFi
l
ipi
nopeopl
erat
if
ied.
17PRESI
DENTSOFTHEPHI
LIPPI
NES

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