MATH T STPM SEM 3 2018

Section A [ 45 marks ]
Answer all questions.

1) The mean of 5, 9, 10, 13, 7, 11, 9, 8, a, b is 9 and the variance of 13, 21, 23, 29, 17, 25, 21, 19, 2𝑎 + 𝑏,
2𝑏 + 3 is 24, where 𝑎 > 𝑏.
(a) Find the mean of 13, 21, 23, 29, 17, 25, 21, 19, 2𝑎 + 𝑏, 2𝑏 + 3. [2 ]
(b) Determine the values of a and b. [3 ]

2) A box contains 8 red balls, 7 blue balls and 5 green balls. Three balls are successively taken out at random
without replacement. Calculate the probability that
(a) the first ball is red and the second ball is blue, [2 ]
(b) all balls are of the same colour, [3]
(c) all balls are of the same colour, given that at least one ball is red. [4]

3) The cumulative distribution function for the continuous random variable X is given by
0, 𝑥 < 0,
𝑥2
, 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 1,
3
𝐹 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥2 1
𝑥 − 6 − 2 , 1 ≤ 𝑥 < 3,
{ 1, 𝑥 ≥ 3.
(a) Calculate the median. [4 ]
1
(b) Find 𝑃 (|𝑋 − 1| < 2). [2 ]
(c) Determine the probability density function of X. [2 ]

4) The masses of dragon fruits are normally distributed with a mean, 𝜇, and variance, 𝜎 2 . For a random
sample of size m, the 90% confidence interval for the population mean is (h, k). For another random sample
of size n, the 95% confidence interval for the population mean is (p, q). The length of interval (h, k) is equal
to the length of interval (p, q).
𝜎
(a) Show that 𝑘 − ℎ = 3.29 . [2 ]
√𝑚
𝑛
(b) Find 𝑚, and deduce the percentage of changes of the sample size required to maintain the accuracy
of the estimation if the confidence level increases from 90% to 95%. [5]

5) A study is conducted on the proportion of lorries using retread tyres on the road. A random sample of 200
lorries is taken. The sample data is used to test the null hypothesis 𝐻0 : 𝑝 = 0.1 against the alternative
hypothesis 𝐻1 : 𝑝 > 0.1, where p is the proportion of lorries using retread tyres. Determine the minimum
number of lorries using retread tyres in the sample so that the null hypothesis is rejected at the 4% significance
level. [6]

6) The numbers of dengue cases reported for the first 4 months of a certain year in a state is shown in the
table below.
Number of cases 0 1 2 3 4 5 ≥6
Number of days 3 12 20 28 23 18 16

Test at the 5% significance level whether the Poisson distribution with a parameter of 3.5 is a suitable
model for the data. [8]
 Section B [ 15 marks ]
Answer one question only.
You may answer all the questions but, only the first answer will be marked.

7) It is known that 2% of printers sold by a supplier malfunction within one year. The supplier offers a
warranty period of one year.
(a) Find the probability that, out of 20 printers, at least three printers malfunction within the warranty
period. [4 ]
(b) Determine the least number of printers, such that the probability that at least one printer malfunction
within the warranty period is more than 0.9995. [5 ]
(c) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that, out of 1000 printers, there are between 10
to 18 printers (inclusive) malfunction within the warranty period. [6 ]

8) The diastolic blood pressure above 80 mmHg or the systolic blood pressure above 130 mmHg is considered
as hypertension. A random sample of 100 people in the age group of 35 to 50 years old in a city is selected.
(a) It is estimated that 60% of the sample are diagnosed with hypertension.
(i) Determine the distribution of the sample proportion. [3 ]
(ii) Calculate the probability that the sample proportion exceeds the population proportion by 0.05
or less. [3]
(b) The diastolic blood pressure for this age group is normally distributed with mean of 85 mmHg and
standard deviation of 𝜎 mmHg.
(i) If the probability that the sample mean for diastolic blood pressure lies between 80 mmHg and
90 mmHg is 0.998, find the standard error of the sample mean. [7]
(ii) State, with a reason, whether the central limit theorem is needed for the calculation of the standard
error of the sample mean. [2]