3rd Oct

Daily Current Affairs
3rd October 2023

3rd October 2023
BANKING & FINANCE

RBI Introduces New Prudential Regulations for All India Financial Institutions
 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
has introduced new prudential
regulations through the "Reserve
Bank of India (Prudential
Regulations on Basel III Capital
Framework, Exposure Norms,
Significant Investments,
Classification, Valuation, and
Operation of Investment Portfolio
Norms and Resource Raising
Norms for All India Financial
Institutions) Directions, 2023."
Key Highlights :
 These regulations are designed to govern the operations of 5 prominent All India
Financial Institutions (AIFIs).
 The AIFIs covered by these regulations include
1. Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM) Bank
2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
3. National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NABFID)
4. National Housing Bank (NHB)
5. Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)
 The RBI engaged in a period of consultation with the public before finalizing these
directions.
 The draft Directions were made available for public comments on October 22, 2021.
Objectives :
 Promote Financial Stability: The primary aim of these regulations is to promote
financial stability within India's financial sector.
 Protect Depositors and Investors: They are intended to safeguard the interests of
depositors and investors.
 Ensure Sector Health: The regulations aim to maintain the overall health of the
financial sector in India.
 These regulatory measures are part of RBI's ongoing efforts to enhance the resilience
and efficiency of India's financial institutions.
 They contribute to fostering a secure and reliable financial environment in the
country.
About RBI :
 Established : 1 April 1935
 Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
 Governor : Shaktikanta Das
 Deputy governors : Mahesh Kumar Jain,M. Rajeshwar Rao, Michael Patra and T.
Rabi Shankar
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3rd October 2023
HDFC Bank Introduces Three New Digital Payment Products on UPI

 HDFC Bank has introduced 3 new digital payment
products on the Unified Payment Interface (UPI).
 These products are UPI 123Pay: Payment via IVR
(Interactive Voice Response), UPI Plug-In Service for
Merchant Transactions, AutoPay on QR codes.
 UPI 123Pay enables users to make payments using a phone
call, without requiring internet connectivity or a smartphone.
 UPI Plug-In Service enables customers to switch between
merchant and payment apps when paying on UPI.
 AutoPay on QR enables recurring payments through UPI
QR and aims to transform various use cases, including
Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms, audio subscriptions,
newsletters, and other digital subscription services.
About HDFC Bank :
 Founded : 1994
 Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
 MD & CEO : Sashidhar Jagdishan.
 Tagline : We Understand Your World
NABARD Releases India's First AAA Rated INR Social Bonds Worth Rs 1,040 Crores
 The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
Development (NABARD) has issued India's first-ever
'AAA' rated Indian Rupee denominated Social Bonds.
 The total value of these bonds is ₹1,040.50 crore, with a
coupon rate of 7.63%.
About Social Bonds :
 Social Bonds, also known as Social Impact Bonds (SIBs),
are a type of bond issued to raise funds for projects with
significant social benefits.
 These bonds are specifically designed to finance initiatives
addressing various social issues, including healthcare,
education, affordable housing, poverty alleviation, and
environmental sustainability.
 The Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC) in
Maharashtra's Pune, in collaboration with the United
Nations Development Programme (UNDP), co-created
India's first Social Impact Bond (SIB) in 2020.
Key Features of Social Bonds issued by NABARD :
 Base Issue Size: The base issue size for these social bonds
was ₹1,000 crore, with an option to retain oversubscription up
to ₹2,000 crore, making the total issue size potentially up to
₹3,000 crore.
3rd October 2023
 Maturity Period: These bonds have a maturity period of 5 years.

 Bond Characteristics: The social bonds issued by NABARD are redeemable,
taxable, non-convertible, non-priority sector, unsecured, and are issued as social
securities with a face value of ₹1 lakh each.
 Listing Date: These bonds are scheduled to be listed on the Bombay Stock
Exchange (BSE) on September 29, 2023.
About NABARD :
 Founded : July 1982
 Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
 Chairman : Shaji K V
 The NABARD is an apex regulatory body for overall regulation of regional rural
banks and apex cooperative banks in India.
 It is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance, Government of India.
 It was established on the recommendations of B. Sivaraman Committee (by Act 61,
1981 of Parliament).
NATIONAL NEWS
India to become world’s number one automobile manufacturing hub in next 3-4 years
 Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari stated that India has set a target
to become world’s number one automobile manufacturing hub in the next 3 to 4
years.
 He stated that in the last nine years, the size of the Automobile Industry has
increased from 4.5 lakh crore rupees to 12.5 lakh crore rupees.
 Mr Gadkari also stated that this industry has given jobs to 4.5 crore youth of the
country.
Special Swachhata Campaign 3.0 begins
 The Union government launched Swachhata Campaign 3.0 from October 2-31 will
not incur any expense.
 On the other hand, it will gain an estimated Rs 400 crore.
 Encouraged by the results and revenue earned from the previous two rounds of the
campaign, the government has designed the third round of Swachhata Campaign to
clear offices and other places in very methodical ways to create ‘wealth from waste’.
 As part of this pan-India campaign, the pendency of files will be identified, all records
3rd October 2023
rooms will be cleared and files will be handed out to individual sections to identify
them in different categories — A, B and C — for cleaning or preserving them in
digitised format.
 About 1.50 lakh cleanliness sites are set to be covered.
About Swachhata campaign:

 The Swachhata campaign was first launched by PM Modi on August 15 in 2014.
 Citing data, the minister stated that over 90 percent of file works in the Central
government offices have been made online under the e-office portal and created
massive spaces, giving an energising working ambience.
 During this campaign, ministries and departments will identify the pendency in
selected categories and finalise the campaign sites.
 The Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) has
been made a nodal department for implementation of special campaign 3.0.
 According to available data, since the conduct of the Swachhata campaign 2.0 in
October 2022, the drive has been held at 1.37 lakh sites so far and a huge revenue
running into Rs 520 crore generated from scrap.
 The Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances has been
appointed a nodal department for implementation of the Special Swachhata
campaign 3.0.
Over 50,000 people take pledge to donate their organs, under AyushmanBhav
campaign
 The ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign, inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu, is set

to roll out on the occasion of Prime Minister Narendra Modi's birthday.
3rd October 2023
 The national healthcare initiative aims to ensure extensive coverage of healthcare

programmes, reaching every village and town in the country.
 Over 50 thousand people have taken the pledge to donate their organs, under the
AyushmanBhav campaign.
 President Droupadi Murmu launched the campaign from Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
 In a social media post, Union Health and Family Welfare Minister Mansukh
Mandaviya urged people to take oaths for organ donation.
 A person after his death can give new life to eight people by donating vital organs
like Kidneys, Liver, Lungs, Heart, and cornea.
 In the last ten years, the number of people donating organs has increased more than
three times.
 In 2013, around five thousand people came forward to donate their organs in the
country.
 Now the number has increased to over 15 thousand organ donors annually.
 The central government is making arrangements for organ retrieval in all the hospitals
and medical colleges across the country by the end of next year.
What is the ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign?
 According to the health ministry, the ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign represents a
“comprehensive nationwide healthcare effort”.
 A government release stated that it is in harmony with the motto of “inclusive
progress, ensuring that no one is left behind”.
 The campaign aims to provide saturation coverage of healthcare services, reaching
every village and town in the country.
 Describing it as a “groundbreaking initiative”, the ministry stated that the campaign
builds upon the success of the Ayushman Bharat programme and signifies a
“paradigm shift in healthcare services”.
 The approach combines three key components: Ayushman - Apke Dwar 3.0,
Ayushman Melas held at HWCs and CHCs, and Ayushman Sabhas conducted in
every village and panchayat.
 The ministry stated that Ayushman Bhav seeks to distribute Ayushman cards,
generate ABHA IDs, and raise awareness about critical health schemes and
conditions, including non-communicable diseases, tuberculosis, and sickle cell
disease.
 Its primary goal is to ensure that healthcare services reach every corner of the
country, transcending geographical barriers.
 The campaign will be implemented during the ‘Seva Pakhwada’ from September 17
to October 2.
 It is characterised by a “whole-of-nation and whole-of-society approach” bringing
together government sectors, civil society organisations, and communities in a
collective effort to guarantee that essential health services are accessible to all,
without discrimination or exclusion, the ministry said.
3rd October 2023
Prime Minister to visit Madhya Pradesh to launch multiple development initiatives

worth around 19,260 crores rupees
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh and laid the
foundation stone and dedicated to the nation multiple development initiatives
worth around 19,260 crores rupees.
 He also dedicated to the nation the Delhi-Vadodara Expressway, which has
been developed at a cost of about 11 thousand 895 crore rupees.
 The Prime Minister will dedicate to the nation over two lakh houses built under
the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna-Gramin and more than 13 hundred houses
constructed under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojna-Urban at a cost of around 140
crore rupees.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launches development projects worth 7,000 crore
rupees at Chittorgarh in Rajasthan
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation and laid the foundation stone
for various development projects worth about Rs 7,000 crore in Chittorgarh,
Rajasthan.
 The Prime Minister dedicated the Mehsana - Bhatinda - Gurdaspur Gas Pipeline
which has been built at a cost of about Rs. 4500 crores.
3rd October 2023
 The railway projects were dedicated to the nation by the Prime Minister including the
projects involving doubling of Chittorgarh - Neemuch Railway line and Kota -
Chittorgarh Electrified Railway line.
 The Prime Minister dedicated tourism facilities developed at Nathdwara under
Swadesh Darshan Scheme.
 Addressing the program, the Prime Minister stated that the development of backward
areas has been the priority of his government.
 He stated that the government has selected aspirational districts of the country where
development works are being done.
 He stated that many districts of Rajasthan are also being developed under this
scheme.
 The Prime Minister stated that with the aim of giving priority to the underprivileged,
the government has also started the Vibrant Village Programme, under which
border villages are being developed.
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
Indian Coast Guard Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' Conducts Pollution Response Table-
Top Exercise in Thailand's Khlong Toei Port
 The Indian Coast Guard Pollution-Control Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' conducted a

Pollution Response Table-Top exercise with Thai officials at Khlong Toei Port in
Bangkok, Thailand.
 The Indian Coast Guard Ship Samudra Prahari, a specialised Pollution Control
Vessel, has embarked on an overseas deployment to Association of Southeast
Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.
 During this deployment, the ship is scheduled to make port calls in
Bangkok(Thailand), Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam), and Jakarta(Indonesia).
About 'Samudra Prahari' :
 'Samudra Prahari' is a specialized Pollution Control Vessel of the Indian Coast
Guard (ICG).
 It is the first pollution control vessel of its kind in Southeast Asia.
 The vessel is equipped for unhindered oil recovery operations and has a storage
capacity of 500 KL (kiloliters).
3rd October 2023
About ASEAN :
 Headquarters : Jakarta, Indonesia
 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional grouping which
was established in 1967 with the signing of the Bangkok Declaration.
 Founding members: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.
 Presently, ASEAN comprises 10 member states, namely Indonesia, Malaysia,
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia and Vietnam.
External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar addressed the 78th UN General Assembly

 External Affairs Minister
S Jaishankar
addressed the 78th
United Nations
General Assembly
(UNGA).
 In his opening remarks,
Jaishankar extended
greetings with "Namaste
from Bharat!" and
expressed India's strong
support for the UNGA's
theme of "rebuilding
trust and reigniting
global solidarity."
Key Highlights :
 S Jaishankar led the
Indian delegation during
the UNGA assembly.
 Dennis Francis from
Trinidad and Tobago
was elected as the
President of the 78th session of the UNGA.
 This election followed the established regional rotation, with the President coming
from the Latin American and Caribbean States.
 The theme for the 78th UNGA session was "Rebuilding trust and reigniting global
solidarity: Accelerating action on the 2030 Agenda and its SDGs towards
peace, prosperity, progress, and sustainability for all."
About UNGA :
 Established : 1945 under the Charter of the United Nations
 Headquarters : New York City
 UNGA is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and serves as the
main policy-making organ of the organization.
 It provides a unique forum for multilateral discussions on a wide range of international
issues covered by the Charter of the United Nations.
 Each Member State of the United Nations has an equal vote in the UNGA.
3rd October 2023
STATE NEWS
Project Cheetah in India completes one year
 India's Project
Cheetah marked its
one-year anniversary
after releasing the first
batch of 8 Namibian
cheetahs into Madhya
Pradesh's Kuno
National Park (KNP).
About Project Cheetah :
 Project Cheetah is a
long-term initiative in
India aimed at bringing
12-14 cheetahs
annually from South
Africa, Namibia, and
other African countries
for the next 5 years.
 This project achieved
the first-ever
intercontinental, wild-
to-wild, cheetah
translocation by air, relocating cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa to India.
 It aimed to rectify past ecological imbalances.
 India housed the world's fastest land animal (up to 64 miles per hour in three
seconds) again after the feline was declared extinct (in India) in 1952.
 The project introduced 5 female and 3 male cheetahs into Kuno-Palpur National
Park, under the supervision of an expert team consisting of government officials,
scientists, wildlife biologists, and veterinarians from Namibia, South Africa, and India.
 The successful implementation of Project Cheetah was documented in an annual
report, which was released at the Sesaipura Forest Complex in Kuno.
 Project Cheetah achieved 4 out of 6 short-term success criteria, including a 50%
survival rate of introduced cheetahs, establishment of home ranges, the birth of cubs
in Kuno, and providing Revenue to the local communities directly (engagement of
cheetah trackers) and indirectly (appreciation of land value in surrounding areas).
 Despite the inherent risks of intercontinental cheetah translocations, all 8 cheetahs
from Namibia and 12 cheetahs from South Africa were successfully translocated
without any mortalities.
 A female cheetah gave birth to cubs on Indian soil after 75 years, with one cub
surviving.
 Preparations for cheetah introductions are underway at alternative sites in Gandhi
Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary (Madhya Pradesh) with quarantine and acclimatization
enclosures, as well as at Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary (Madhya Pradesh).
 Several conservation initiatives are planned, including the establishment of a
3rd October 2023
Conservation Breeding of Cheetah Centre, Cheetah Research Centre,

Interpretation Centre, Cheetah Management Training Centre, and Cheetah
Safari.
About MP :
 Governor : Mangubhai C. Patel
 Chief Minister : Shivraj Singh Chouhan
 Capital : Bhopal
 National Park : Satpura National Park, Kanha National Park, Bandhavgarh National
Park
 Wildlife Sanctuary : Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary
Bihar's Kaimur District to Set Up Second Tiger Reserve

 The Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary will
become Bihar's second tiger reserve
after the Valmiki Tiger Reserve (VTR) &
will open by the end of 2023 or early
2024.
 As of now, Bihar is home to a total of 54
tigers.
 The proposed tiger reserve will
encompass Shergarh Fort, a prominent
tourist attraction, as well as 58 villages
in its buffer zone.
 The State Forest Department is actively
working to secure approval from the
National Tiger Reserve Conservation Authority (NTCA) to officially declare
Kaimur as a tiger reserve.
 The Kaimur district is characterized by two distinct regions: the hilly area, known as
the Kaimur plateau, and the plain area on the western side.
 Kaimur district has a large forest cover and is home to tigers, leopards and chinkaras.
 The forest area in Kaimur spans over 1,134 square kilometers, including 986 square
kilometers within the Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary.
 Kaimur district has the highest forest cover in Bihar and it shares borders with
Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Madhya Pradesh (MP).
About Bihar :
 Governor : Rajendra Arlekar
 Chief Minister : Nitish Kumar
 Capital : Patna
 National Park : Valmiki National Park
 Wildlife Sanctuary : Valmiki Vanya Prani Sanctuary, Bhimbandh Sanctuary, Pant
Vanya Prani Sanctuary, Kanwar Jheel Bird Sanctuary
3rd October 2023
APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Tamilnad Mercantile Bank's MD & CEO Resigns Citing "Personal Reasons"
 The Tuticorin-based Tamilnad
Mercantile Bank (TMB)'s managing
director (MD) and chief executive officer
(CEO), Krishnan
Sankarasubramaniam, has resigned
from the post, citing personal reasons.
 He was appointed to this position on
September 4, 2022.
 His resignation comes shortly after TMB
made headlines for mistakenly crediting
₹9,000 crore to a taxi driver's account.
About Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam :
 Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam
previously served as the MD and CEO of
Punjab and Sind Bank from September
4, 2020, to May 31, 2022.
 Prior to his role at Punjab and Sind Bank,
he was the executive director of Canara
Bank from April 1, 2020, to September 3,
2020.
 Before Canara Bank, he served as the
executive director of Syndicate Bank
between November 1, 2017, and March
31, 2020.
About TMB :
 Headquarters : Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu.
 Tagline : Be a step ahead of Life
BUSINESS
India Inc raises Rs 26,000 crore through IPOs in first half
 After a slow start to the
financial year, initial public
offerings (IPOs) got a boost
in the month of September
when Rs 12,000 crore were
raised through this route.
 The first half of the financial
year saw over Rs 26,000
crore being raised.
 Almost 50% of them took
place in September alone,
according to data from the
3rd October 2023
PRIME database.
 This was substantially less than the first half of FY23 when Rs 36,000 was raised.
 However, there were two marquee offerings of Life Insurance Corporation of India
(Rs 21,008 crore) and Delhivery (Rs 5,235 crore) during the period.
AWARDS & HONOURS

West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh teachers nominated for Global Teacher Prize 2023
 In a remarkable achievement, two
Indian educators, Deep Narayan
Nayak, a primary school teacher
from West Bengal, and Hari
Krishna Patacharu, an English
teacher from Andhra Pradesh,
have made it to the top 50 shortlist
for the 2023 Global Teacher Prize.
 The announcement was made
recently, showcasing their
exceptional contributions to the
field of education.
 The prestigious award celebrates
educators from around the world,
with the winner being chosen from
the top 10 finalists.
GLOBAL RECOGNITION FOR
EXCELLENCE:
 The Global Teacher Prize, a USD 1-million annual award, is organised by the
Varkey Foundation in partnership with UNESCO and in collaboration with the UAE-
based philanthropic organisation Dubai Cares.
 This esteemed recognition aims to acknowledge educators who have displayed
extraordinary dedication and innovation in their teaching practices.
ABOUT DEEP NARAYAN NAYAK:
 Deep Narayan Nayak, a teacher at the Tilka Manjhi Adivasi Free Primary School
in Jamuria, Asansol, West Bengal, stood out for his innovative teaching
methods that have had a transformative impact on underprivileged children
facing significant educational and social challenges.
ABOUT HARI KRISHNA PATACHARU:
 Hari Krishna Patacharu, an English teacher at ZPHS Ilavaram in Bhattiprolu
Mandal, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, earned his place on the shortlist for his
remarkable work in overcoming language barriers and enriching his students' lives.
3rd October 2023
Nobel Prize 2023 in Medicine awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their
role in the fight against COVID
 The Nobel Prize 2023
in Physiology or Medicine
was awarded to Katalin
Karikó and Drew Weissman
for their discoveries concerning
nucleoside base modifications
that enabled the development
of effective mRNA vaccines
against COVID-19.
 The top honour was given by
the Nobel Assembly at
Karolinska Institute on
October 2 as the prestigious
ceremony kicks in.
 The Nobel Prize awards, first
handed out in 1901, were
created by Swedish inventor
and philanthropist Alfred
Nobel in his 1895 will to celebrate those who have "conferred the greatest benefit
on mankind."
Award in Physiology or Medicine:
 The award in Physiology or Medicine is given for a significant discovery in either
biology or medicine.
 The Nobel Prize is given for discoveries that have profoundly benefited humanity and
altered the course of science; lifetime achievements or positions of scientific
leadership are not eligible.
 Between 1901 and 2022, 225 Nobel Laureates received 113 awards of the Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
 Previously, Svante Pääbo was awarded the prize for Physiology in 2022 "for his
discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human
evolution".
 In terms of reward, The Nobel Foundation, the organisation in charge of award
administration, increased the prize money this year by 10 percent to 11 million
kronor ($1 million).
 When the recipients receive their Nobel Prizes at the award ceremonies in December
2023, they also get a diploma and an 18-carat gold medal.
History of Alfred Nobel:
 Alfred Nobel, a Swedish scientist and businessman in the 19th century, founded the
Nobel Prizes.
 His claim to fame prior to receiving the Nobel Prizes was creating dynamite by
combining nitroglycerine with a substance that made the explosion more stable.
 He possessed more than 300 patents.
3rd October 2023
Mathematician Ruixiang Zhang to receive 2023 Sastra Ramanujan Prize

 The 2023 SASTRA Ramanujan
Prize was awarded to Ruixiang Zhang,
an Assistant Professor at the University
of California in recognition of his work in
areas such as analytic number theory,
combinatorics, Euclidean harmonic
analysis, and geometry.
Significant work:
 He contributed to solving two long-
standing problems in restriction theory:
 Carleson’s problem on pointwise
convergence of solutions to the
Schr¨odinger equation
 the two-dimensional case of Sogge’s
local smoothing conjecture for wave
equations.
 He proved a multivariable generalization
of the main conjecture in Vinogradov’s
Mean Value Theorem in collaboration
with Shaoming Guo.
 He is also the recipient of a Sloan
Fellowship (2022-24) and an NSF
CAREER award (2022-27).
About Sastra Ramanujan Prize:
 The award was instituted by the Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology &
Research Academy (SASTRA) in 2005 in honor of Indian mathematician
Srinivasa Ramanujan.
 Cash prize: It consists of an annual cash prize of $10,000.
 Age limit: The age limit for the prize has been set at 32 in honor of Ramanujan’s
brief life of 32 years.
 The 2023 edition of the award will be awarded at the international conference in
Number Theory at SASTRA University in Kumbakonam, the hometown of
Srinivasa Ramanujan.
 Award committee: The 2023 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize Committee comprised
Krishnaswami Alladi as Chair (University of Florida), Don Blasius (University of
California, Los Angeles), Sergei Konyagin (Lomonosov Moscow State University),
Jonathan Pila (Oxford University), Bjorn Poonen (MIT), Zeev Rudnick (Tel Aviv
University), and Wadim Zudilin (Radboud University, The Netherlands).
About Srinivasa Ramanujan:
 Srinivasa Ramanujan or Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar was born on December
22, 1887, in Erode, India, and is considered to be one of India’s greatest
mathematicians.
 December 22nd is celebrated as National Mathematics Day in India in his honor.
 Tamil Nadu celebrates 22 December as ‘State IT Day’.
3rd October 2023
 Stamps picturing Ramanujan were issued by the government of India in 1962, 2011,
2012, and 2016.
 The Ramanujan Math Park located in Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, was inaugurated
in 2017.
 In 2021, a team of Israeli scientists developed a software tool called
The Ramanujan Machine which creates mathematical conjectures that
mathematicians attempt to prove.
 He was invited to Cambridge in 1914 by the celebrated mathematician G.H Hardy
and graduated from Cambridge with a Bachelor of Arts in Research in 1916.
 In 1918 he was elected to the Royal Society of London and returned to India in
1919.
 He passed away on April 26th,1920 at the age of 32.
Contributions:
 Game Theory: He contributed significantly to the development of the field of game
theory through his intuitive discovery of unique solutions to challenging mathematical
problems.
 Formulas and Equations: He compiled around 3,900 results of equations and
identities including the infinite series for Pi.
o He also developed unconventional formulas to calculate the digits of Pi.
 Hardy-Ramanujan partnership: Ramanujan and Hardy are credited with the
identification of the Hardy-Ramunjan number (1729) which is the smallest number
that can be expressed as a sum of two different cubes in two different ways.
o They devised the circle method to derive an asymptotic formula for this function.
o They also developed a formula for the number p(n) of partitions of a number 'n'.
 Ramanujan’s Book: One of Ramanujan’s notebooks which was discovered at the
Trinity College library was later published as a book.
 He published around 30 research papers over a three-year period.
DEFENCE NEWS
Indian Air Force inducts first of six new Dornier Do-228 aircraft manufactured by
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
 The Indian Air Force (IAF) inducted
the first of six new Dornier Do-228
aircraft manufactured by Hindustan
Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
 HAL equipped this new version of
the Dornier Do-228 with significant
upgrades, including new engines,
composite propellers, advanced
avionics, and a glass cockpit.
 In March,2023 the Defense Ministry
of India finalized a deal for the
purchase of six Dornier-228 aircraft from HAL for the Indian Air Force, with a budget
allocation of Rs 667 crore.
3rd October 2023
 These aircraft were originally used by the Indian Air Force for route transport and
communications operations and have also played a crucial role in the training of
transport pilots.
 Union Defense Minister Rajnath Singh earlier inducted the Indian Air Force's first C-
295 MW transport aircraft.
 This event took place during the inauguration of the "Bharat Drone Shakti-2023"
exhibition at Hindon Airbase in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh (UP).
 The IAF collaborated with the Drone Federation of India to jointly host the "Bharat
Drone Shakti 2023" event.
 The purpose of this event was to recognize and showcase the potential of domestic
drone design and development in India.
 The "Bharat Drone Shakti-2023" event was held on September 25 and 26.
 The use of drones is increasing in India for both military and non-military purposes.
About Ministry of Defence :
 Defence Minister : Rajnath Singh
 Minister of State : Ministry of Defence
 Defence Secretary : Giridhar Aramane
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Fintech firm CRED launches vehicle management platform 'CRED Garage'
 Fintech firm CRED launched CRED
Garage, a vehicle management
platform, which will offer its members
concierge service, timely reminders,
document management, and insights
on spending.
 The feature will be available within the
CRED app.
 CRED Garage integrates with
DigiLocker, allowing users to access essential documents such as driver's licenses,
registration certificates, and insurance papers digitally.
 The app will provide data on maintenance records, performance insights, fuel spends
for the vehicles added to the platform.
 The platform offers a concierge to its members to help them with queries about
maintenance, servicing, and claims.
Recent News :
 In August 2023 the Cred introduced RuPay credit card-based Unified Payments
Interface (UPI) payments for its members, in collaboration with the National
Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).
About CRED :
 Founded : 2018
 Headquarters : Bangalore, Karnataka
 Founder : Kunal Shah
 CRED is an Indian fintech company & it is a reward-based credit card payments app.
3rd October 2023
SPORTS
Asian Games: Tajinderpal Singh Toor overcomes Saudi challenge to retain shot put
gold
 Indian shot-putter Tajinderpal
Singh Toor defended his Asian
Games title with an amazing final
throw to beat back the challenge from
his Saudi Arabian rival in Hangzhou.
 Tajinderpal Singh Toor, the 2018
Jakarta Asian Games gold medallist,
came up with a mighty throw of 20.36
metres on his sixth and last attempt to
overhaul his Saudi rival Mohamed
Daouda Tolo's distance of 20.18
metres. He, however, could not break
his own Asian Games record of
20.75m set in 2018 Jakarta.
 The 28-year-old's final throw was way
too good for his Saudi rival to
overhaul in his final attempt.
 Meanwhile, in the 1500m for women, India's Harmilan Bains won a silver while
Ajay Kumar Saroj and Jinson Johnson won silver and bronze respectively in the
men's 1500m.
 Earlier, the toast of the nation in the last edition, Indian heptathlete Swapna
Barman's one "last shot" at glory at the Asian Games turned into a nightmare as she
struggled with injuries to virtually go out of medal reckoning after the javelin throw
event.
 The defending champion, who boasts of a personal best of 52.55m in javelin throw,
managed a throw of just 45.13 in the penultimate event of the gruelling two-day
competition.
Avinash Sable becomes first Indian man to win Asian Games 3000m steeplechase
gold
 A record-breaking
Avinash Sable
became the first
Indian man to win a
gold medal in the
3000m
steeplechase at the
Asian Games here.
 The 29-year-old
national record
holder thus earned
India their first gold
3rd October 2023
medal in athletics at the ongoing Games, completing the race in 8:19.50 seconds.
 Sable rewrote the previous Asian Games record of 8:22.79, which was set by Iran's
Hossein Keyhani at the 2018 Jakarta Games.
 Sudha Singh had won gold in women's 3000m steeplechase in the 2010 Asian
Games in Guangzhou.
OBITUARIES
Asian Paints non-executive director Ashwin Dani passed away
 Asian Paints Limited, Non-
Executive Director Ashwin
Suryakant Dani, passed away at
the age of 79.
About Ashwin Dani :
 Dani was born in Mumbai,
Maharashtra, India.
 His father Suryakant was one of
the co-founders of Asian Paints.
 He had been associated with Asian Paints since 1968 and played a pivotal role in the
company's journey towards technological excellence.
 He joined the company's Board in 1970 and held the position of Vice Chairman and
Managing Director from 1998 to 2009.
 Post-2009, Dani continued to serve on the Board as a Non-Executive Director and
Vice Chairman of the Board and the Company.
 From 2018 to 2021, he held the prestigious position of Chairman of the Board and
the Company.
IMPORTANT DAYS
Gandhi Jayanti 2023: October 2, 2023
 Gandhi Jayanti, which
falls on October 2 every
year, is commemorated
to honour the birth
anniversary of
Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi, a
prominent figure in the
Indian struggle for
independence, who
made significant
sacrifices for his
homeland.
 Commonly known as
Mahatma Gandhi, he was a political philosopher, a dedicated nationalist, and a
lawyer whose principles and efforts played a pivotal role in India's journey toward
freedom.
3rd October 2023
 Gandhi opted for the path of non-violence as the means to achieve India's liberation
from British colonial rule.
 His philosophies have served as a source of inspiration for nonviolent movements
and civil rights campaigns worldwide.
 Additionally, Gandhi strongly advocated religious tolerance and made substantial
efforts to establish India as a secular nation.
 Gandhi Jayanti is observed throughout the nation as a way to pay homage to this
remarkable leader, and it is recognised as a national holiday in India.
WHEN IS IT CELEBRATED?
 Born on the 2nd of October in 1869 in Porbandar, Mahatma Gandhi's 154th birth
anniversary will be celebrated in the country this year.
WHY IS IT CELEBRATED?
 Gandhi Jayanti is commemorated as a way to show reverence and pay homage to
the Father of the Nation.
 Mahatma Gandhi, through his exemplary values and principles like ahimsa (non-
violence) and swaraj (independence), demonstrated to the world the potential of
groundbreaking ethical concepts.
 His words and deeds served as an inspiration for numerous individuals who rallied
behind him during events such as the Dandi Salt March in 1930 and the Quit India
Movement in 1942.
 In honour of this leader, Gandhi Jayanti is marked by the observance of prayer
services and cultural festivities in educational institutions such as schools and
colleges, as well as within government organisations.
 Distinguished figures from various parts of the country pay their respects at Raj Ghat
in New Delhi, where the memorial of Mahatma Gandhi is located.
 Additionally, on his birth anniversary, Gandhi's beloved song, 'Raghupati Raghava
Raja Ram,' is often sung as a tribute to him.
Lal Bahadur Shastri Jayanti: October 2, 2023

 On October 2, the nation
commemorates Gandhi
Jayanti, celebrating the
birthday of the Father of the
Nation.
 Interestingly, this day also
marks the birthday of
another important figure in
India's history - the
country's second Prime
Minister, Lal Bahadur
Shastri.
Here are some intriguing facts about his life and legacy:
 In 1961, Lal Bahadur Shastri faced an unexpected housing challenge when he
couldn't afford to purchase the rented house in Mutthiganj, resulting in his
homelessness.
3rd October 2023
 The concept of the White Revolution, a nationwide campaign to boost milk

production and supply, by supporting the Amul milk co-operative in Anand,
Gujarat, and establishing the National Dairy Development Board in 1965.
 As Home Minister, Shastri initiated the formation of the first committee to address
issues related to corruption.
 Lal Bahadur Shastri earned the title 'Shastri' from Kashi Vidyapeeth University
after graduating from there in 1925, recognizing his scholarly achievements.
Daily CA on Oct 03 :
 Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari stated that India has set a target
to become the world’s number one automobile manufacturing hub in the next 3 to 4
years.
 The Union government launched Swachhata Campaign 3.0 from October 2-31,
2023.
 Over 50 thousand people have taken the pledge to donate their organs, under the
AyushmanBhav campaign.
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh and laid the
foundation stone and dedicated to the nation multiple development initiatives
worth around 19,260 crores rupees.
 Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation and laid the foundation stone
for various development projects worth about Rs 7,000 crore in Chittorgarh,
Rajasthan.
 After a slow start to the financial year, initial public offerings (IPOs) got a boost in
the month of September when Rs 12,000 crore were raised through this route.
 In a remarkable achievement, two Indian educators, Deep Narayan Nayak, a primary
school teacher from West Bengal, and Hari Krishna Patacharu, an English teacher
from Andhra Pradesh, have made it to the top 50 shortlist for the 2023 Global
Teacher Prize.
 The Nobel Prize 2023 in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Katalin Karikó
and Drew Weissman for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications
that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.
 The 2023 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize was awarded to Ruixiang Zhang, an
Assistant Professor at the University of California in recognition of his work in areas
such as analytic number theory, combinatorics, Euclidean harmonic analysis,
and geometry.
 Indian shot-putter Tajinderpal Singh Toor defended his Asian Games title with
gold in Hangzhou.
 A record-breaking Avinash Sable became the first Indian man to win a gold medal in
the 3000m steeplechase at the Asian Games here.
 Gandhi Jayanti, which falls on October 2 every year, is commemorated to honour the
birth anniversary of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, a prominent figure in the
Indian struggle for independence, who made significant sacrifices for his homeland.
 October 2, marks the birthday of another important figure in India's history - the
country's second Prime Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri.
 The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced new prudential regulations
3rd October 2023
through the "Reserve Bank of India (Prudential Regulations on Basel III Capital
Framework, Exposure Norms, Significant Investments, Classification, Valuation, and
Operation of Investment Portfolio Norms and Resource Raising Norms for All India
Financial Institutions) Directions, 2023."
 HDFC Bank has introduced 3 new digital payment products on the Unified
Payment Interface (UPI).
 The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) has issued
India's first-ever 'AAA' rated Indian Rupee denominated Social Bonds.
 The Indian Coast Guard Pollution-Control Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' conducted a
Pollution Response Table-Top exercise with Thai officials at Khlong Toei Port in
Bangkok, Thailand.
 External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar addressed the 78th United Nations General
Assembly (UNGA).
 India's Project Cheetah marked its one-year anniversary after releasing the first
batch of 8 Namibian cheetahs into Madhya Pradesh's Kuno National Park (KNP).
 The Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary will become Bihar's second tiger reserve after the Valmiki Tiger
Reserve (VTR) & will open by the end of 2023 or early 2024.
 The Tuticorin-based Tamilnad Mercantile Bank (TMB)'s managing director (MD)
and chief executive officer (CEO), Krishnan Sankarasubramaniam, has resigned
from the post, citing personal reasons.
 The Indian Air Force (IAF) inducted the first of six new Dornier Do-228 aircraft
manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL).
 Fintech firm CRED launched CRED Garage, a vehicle management platform,
which will offer its members concierge service, timely reminders, document
management, and insights on spending.
 Asian Paints Limited, Non-Executive Director Ashwin Suryakant Dani, passed away
at the age of 79.

3rd Oct

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Daily Current Affairs

3rd October 2023

BANKING & FINANCE

HDFC Bank Introduces Three New Digital Payment Products on UPI

 Maturity Period: These bonds have a maturity period of 5 years.

About Swachhata campaign:

 The ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign, inaugurated by President Droupadi Murmu, is set

 The national healthcare initiative aims to ensure extensive coverage of healthcare

Prime Minister to visit Madhya Pradesh to launch multiple development initiatives

 The Indian Coast Guard Pollution-Control Vessel 'Samudra Prahari' conducted a

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar addressed the 78th UN General Assembly

Conservation Breeding of Cheetah Centre, Cheetah Research Centre,

Bihar's Kaimur District to Set Up Second Tiger Reserve

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

AWARDS & HONOURS

Mathematician Ruixiang Zhang to receive 2023 Sastra Ramanujan Prize

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Lal Bahadur Shastri Jayanti: October 2, 2023

 The concept of the White Revolution, a nationwide campaign to boost milk

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