Women, Gender,

Feminism: An
Introduction
Lecture 7:
Heteronormativity AND Homonormativity
Pause - Activities and Assignments

Frequent mistakes: #1 - structure

introducing the prompt;
presenting an argument to respond to the prompt;
presenting resources (authors, concepts, ideas, references);
discussing resources to support the argument;
reaffirm the argument.

Erin Galt - TA
Pause - Activities and Assignments

Frequent mistakes: #2 - in-text citation

If you use the same sentence as the article, put it in double quotation
marks. and include the page number.
When you paraphrase, there is no need to include the page number
or quotation marks.
It is preferred by some professors that you always include page
numbers to enable them to verify the information.
KEEP SHORT - two sentences max!
Pause - Activities and Assignments

Frequent mistakes: #3 - references

all works cited must be on the references using APA. CHECK AGAIN!
the norm changes with the nature of the reference;
USE THE SAME STYLE for all the sources;
word count does not include references.
Pause - Activities and Assignments

Frequent mistakes: #4 - format

Times, Arial, Calibri; 12pt
Double-spaced
Learning outcomes:

Understand the idea of "normativity" and its different natures.

Be capable to discuss how normativity affects gender.

Normal X by the norm
Normal X by the norm
Normal X by the norm
Normativity

What is the norm for heterosexual people?

Is it the norm to be heterosexual?
How did the norm become oppression?
Normativity

What is the norm for heterosexual people?

Is it the norm to be heterosexual?
How did the norm become oppression?
Compulsory heterosexuality refers to a social system that
institutionalizes heterosexuality as the only legitimate way for individuals
to form emotionally intimate, sexual, and kinship bonds. As a social
system, compulsory heterosexuality includes a network of beliefs, rituals,
customs, norms, and codified rules or laws that systematically compel
individuals to form intimate bonds with one person of the other gender.

SCHIPPER M. – THE WILEY BLACKWELL ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GENDER AND SEXUALITY STUDIES, “COMPULSORY
HETEROSEXUALITY”, P. 1-2. HTTPS://ONLINELIBRARY.WILEY.COM/DOI/BOOK/10.1002/9781118663219
How to establish a gender norm?

pop culture!
laws
herd behaviour
fashion
trends
religion
gender markers
...
How to establish a gender norm?

pop culture!
laws
herd behaviour pop culture!
fashion Queer gaze
trends
religion
gender markers
...
How to establish a gender norm?
How to establish a gender norm?
Are oppressed people nicer?
 "how
some cisgender, mostly white, and mostly middle- and upper-class
lesbian and gay people conform
to broader societal patterns of race, class, gender, religion,
monogamy, and nationality to
present themselves as in line with the lifestyles, morals, and
expectations of the dominant, cisgender, heterosexual ideal..."

Mathers, L. A. B., Sumerau, J. E., & Cragun, R. T. (2018). The Limits of Homonormativity: Constructions of Bisexual and
Transgender People in the Post-gay Era. Sociological Perspectives, 61(6), 934–952. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26580610
For next class
Mandatory Readings:
Reeser, T. W. (2011). Masculinities in Theory: An Introduction. John Wiley & Sons. p. 20-27.

Jackson Katz – Huff Post, “Memo to Media: Manhood, Not Guns or Mental Illness, Should Be
Central”, Huff Post, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/men-gender-gun-violence_b_2308522

Male Loneliness Starts in Boyhood - https://slate.com/human-interest/2019/05/mens-

emotions-women-labor-patriarchy.html

Recommended Material:

Movie tip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oN2W0fv8hY4