THE HINDU

EDITORIAL Presents

22nd August 2023

PREPARE FOR BANK (PO/ CLERK), SSC,UPSC,

State PSC, CAT,CTET,RAILWAY EXAMS,CDS,
TET, NDA/AIRFORCE, NET and all Govt. Exams
 VOCABULARY

1. Vanguard: a group of people who lead the development of new

ideas, or a leading position in the development of something.
अपने क्षेत्र में अग्रणी समूह
Synonyms: trailblazer, pioneer
Antonyms: followers, rearguard
Example: The company is proud to be in the vanguard of
scientific progress.
2. Notions: ideas, beliefs or an understanding of something. वचार
Synonyms: perceptions, conceptions
Antonyms: facts, verity
Example: The documentary shattered many people's notions
about the environmental impact of their daily choices.
 VOCABULARY

3. Nudging: encouraging or persuading someone to do something in

a way that is gentle rather than forceful or direct. प्रोत्सा हत करना
Synonyms: prompting, spurring
Antonyms: discouraging, dissuading
Example: The campaign aimed at nudging people to make healthier
food choices.
4. Apathy: the feeling of not being interested in or enthusiastic
about something, or things in general. बेपरवाही
Synonyms: indifference, nonchalance
Antonyms: zeal, passion
Example: The teacher's frustration grew due to the students' apathy
towards their assignments.
 VOCABULARY

5. Hegemonic: strong and powerful and therefore able to control

others. प्रधानता वाली
Synonyms: predominant, prepotent
Antonyms: secondary, yielding
Example: The company's innovative products quickly established its
hegemonic position in the market.
6. Hammered: defeated someone completely in a game or a fight.
परास्त करना
Synonyms: crushed, vanquished
Antonyms: capitulated, surrendered
Example: Despite his best efforts, the pitcher was hammered by the
opposing team's batters.
 VOCABULARY

7. Marshalled: controlled or organised a large group of people,

especially soldiers. तैयार रखना
Synonyms: commanded, governed
Antonyms: accompanied, trailed
Example: The general marshalled his troops before the battle began.
8. Harness: to control and use the force or strength of something
to produce power or to achieve something. उपयोग में लाना
Synonyms: employ, exploit
Antonyms: misuse, shun
Example: The scientist wanted to harness the power of genetics
to cure diseases.
 VOCABULARY

9. Disarray: a lack of order or organisation in a situation or a place.

अव्यवस्था
Synonyms: mess, chaos
Antonyms: harmony, repose
Example: The sudden departure of the team leader left the project
in disarray, causing confusion among the members.
10. Grave: seriously bad. गंभीर
Synonyms: ominous, alarming
Antonyms: innocuous, trivial
Example: Making that decision could have grave consequences
for the company.
 VOCABULARY

11. Presumably: used to say that you think that something is

probably true. शायद
Synonyms: perhaps, probably
Antonyms: unlikely, uncertain
Example: Presumably, the bus should arrive at the station by noon.
12. Prevailing: existing or most common at a particular time.
प्रच लत
Synonyms: prevalent, widespread
Antonyms: uncommon, atypical
Example: The prevailing sentiment in the community is one of
unity and support for each other.
 VOCABULARY

Phrasal verb
13. Crashed out: lost a game with the result that you have to stop
playing in a competition.

Idiom
14. Casts a shadow: to spoil a good situation with something
unpleasant.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

Article for reading

Wins and winnings

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 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

Every global women’s sports competition is more than just a

mere sporting spectacle. It is often in the vanguard of creating a
more equal society, of seeking to eliminate outdated notions of
male exceptionalism and nudging the world at large to embrace
broader social reform. The FIFA Women’s World Cup, which
ended on Sunday following Spain’s narrow 1-0 victory over
England, forms a crucial part of this movement. Under the
dazzling Sydney night sky, a whopping 75,784 fans at Stadium
Australia witnessed Spain lift its maiden World Cup to join
Germany as one of only two nations to have secured both the
men’s and women’s titles. The Guardian reported that an
average of 30,000 fans attended each match over the course of a
month in Australia and New Zealand and nearly two million
tickets — a record — were bought.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

These are astonishing numbers for a standalone women’s

event, the kind of which has suffered from administrator and
spectator apathy in the past. Much of it was down to the
on-field excellence, with the likes of Spain’s Aitana Bonmati,
the player of the tournament, Olga Carmona, who scored the
winning goals for Spain in both the semifinal and final,
Japan’s Hinata Miyazawa, the highest goal-scorer (5), and
England’s Mary Earps, the best goalkeeper, mesmerising the
audience. The World Cup also showcased the wide
geographic spread of women’s football. Where nations from
Europe and South America have been the hegemonic forces
among men, in the short nine-edition history of the women’s
event, only four times have the winners come from these two
regions — Germany twice, Norway and now Spain.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

In 2023, Germany, apart from being upset by Colombia,

crashed out in the group stage. Japan, the 2011 world
champion, hammered eventual winner Spain 4-0 in the
preliminary round. Morocco made history by qualifying for the
round of 16 while hosts Australia’s fourth-place finish was its
best ever. Four-time champion United States of America,
marshalled by the retiring star Megan Rapinoe, missed the
podium for the first time, but it just proved the tournament’s
overall depth in quality. As Marta, the legendary Brazilian who
played her sixth and final World Cup, said, “When I started
there were no idols in women’s football. Twenty years later,
we have become a reference for many women....”
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

To harness this positive energy, governing body FIFA has a

lot of heavy-lifting to do. Addressing the massive
remuneration gap between men and women — a World Cup
prize money purse of $440 million against $152 million — can
be a good start in the long road towards normalising sporting
excellence by women.
Summary:

The FIFA Women's World Cup, a symbol of social progress, recently concluded
with Spain's victory. The event drew huge crowds, averaging 30,000 fans per
match and setting a ticket sales record. On-field brilliance by players like Aitana
Bonmati, Olga Carmona, Hinata Miyazawa, and Mary Earps captivated
audiences. The tournament highlighted women's football's global reach, with
Spain joining Germany as the only nations to secure both men's and women's
titles. Despite the success, FIFA must address gender pay disparities, starting
with the significant gap in prize money, to further promote and normalize
women's sporting achievements.

The tone of the passage is primarily positive and celebratory.

 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

Article for skimming

Deep in disarray

Failure to hold Assembly

session shows depth of
crisis in Manipur
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

That the Legislative Assembly of Manipur was not convened on

Monday, as recommended by the Council of Ministers, is an
indication of how grave the crisis gripping the State is. Governor
Anusuiya Uikey did not issue the notification summoning the
House, even though the Cabinet had advised her on August 4 itself
to call for the session on August 21. The delay on the part of Raj
Bhavan in issuing the notification is presumably due to the
political and law and order situation in the State. Legislators of
Kuki ethnicity, across party affiliations, have expressed their
inability to attend the Assembly session due to the prevailing
atmosphere, as violence continues in parts of the State. It is
unlikely that the Governor is unaware of the constitutional position
that she is bound by the advice of the government with regard to
summoning the Assembly.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

A Constitution Bench had made this clear in Nabam Rebia

(2016). Whether the Governor is guided by her own wisdom or
the Union government’s assessment of the situation, it is
difficult to justify the failure to hold the Assembly session as
sought by the Council of Ministers. The last session of the
Manipur Assembly was held in March, and the House has to
meet again before the expiry of six months from its previous
sitting. The period ends on September 2. There have been
both political and civil society demands for the Assembly to
meet and discuss the violence that broke out early in May
over a High Court order that directed the Manipur government
to respond to a communication from the Union Ministry for
Tribal Affairs on recommending the grant of Scheduled Tribe
status to the Meitei community.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

The delay on the Governor’s part in notifying the session

casts a shadow on the legitimacy and authority of the
government headed by Chief Minister N. Biren Singh. The
Governor would be well-advised to act on the Cabinet’s
recommendation. On another issue, there appears to be an
unusual delay in the appointment of Justice Siddharth Mridul,
a judge of the Delhi High Court, as the Manipur High Court’s
Chief Justice. The court has been under an Acting Chief
Justice for several months now. Reports suggest that the
Centre has forwarded the Collegium’s recommendation to the
State government for its consent. The question arises
whether any constitutional functionary in the State is holding
back the process.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

The chain of events set off by an order passed by the Acting

Chief Justice has already witnessed much violence and
disorder, and the State should not lapse into further
constitutional disarray.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

Today's Descriptive Question

Write an essay of 200 words highlighting the strides

made in the direction of ensuring gender equality.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

Gender equality has made significant strides in recent years,

reflecting a growing recognition of its importance for social,
economic, and cultural progress. One noteworthy advancement
is in education, where efforts have led to increased access and
equal opportunities for both genders. Women's participation in
the workforce has also seen improvement, with more women
occupying leadership positions and breaking into traditionally
male-dominated fields.

Legislative changes have played a crucial role, addressing issues

like equal pay and protection against discrimination. Moreover,
advocacy campaigns and cultural shifts have challenged harmful
gender norms, promoting inclusivity and acceptance of diverse
gender identities.
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

The #MeToo movement, for instance, shed light on the

pervasive issue of sexual harassment and assault, igniting
conversations and actions worldwide.

While progress has been made, challenges persist. Disparities

in political representation, wage gaps, and gender-based
violence still exist. Continued efforts are necessary to ensure
that the momentum towards gender equality remains strong.
By prioritizing education, changing societal attitudes, and
implementing policies that empower all genders, we can
create a more just and equitable future.
Please write a letter to the manager of a bank, complaining about the frequent
absence of staff in the branch during crucial hours.

[Your Name]
[Your Address]
[City, State, PIN Code]
[Date]
Date
[Bank Name]
[branch Address]
[City, State, PIN Code]
Subject: Concerns Regarding Staff Absence During Crucial Hours
Dear Sir/ Ma’am
I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to express my growing concern about the
frequent absence of staff members at the [Branch Name] during crucial hours.

As a loyal customer, I value the efficiency and quality of service your bank offers. However, in
recent times, I have noticed a consistent shortage of staff, leading to longer wait times and a
decline in customer experience.

I kindly request that you address this issue promptly, as it directly impacts customer
satisfaction and the bank's reputation. Your attention to this matter would be greatly
appreciated.

Thank you for your attention and support.

Yours sincerely,

[Your Name]
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

Match the words with their meanings.

Column A Column B

Commendable to exist only in a particular area or group of people

Unenviable to make unpleasant feelings less strong

Assuage difficult or unpleasant; that you would not want to

have
Confined
deserving praise
Comes into play
becomes relevant or starts to have an impact in a
particular situation
 THE HINDU EDITORIAL LIVE DAILY @ 7 AM

VOCABULARY FOR ALL

1. Vanguard:
2. Notions:
3. Nudging:
4. Apathy:
5. Hegemonic:
6. Hammered:
7. Marshalled:
8. Harness:
9. Disarray:
10. Grave:
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