Test Bank For Guiding Childrens Social Development and Learning 8th Edition

Test Bank for Guiding Childrens Social Development and Learning, 8th Edition
Test Bank for Guiding Childrens Social Development

and Learning, 8th Edition
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-and-learning-8th-edition/
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1. Why do childhood professionals need to understand the nature and function of play?
a. Play is a common ground for social exchange in childhood.
b. Play is the predominant activity of early childhood.
c. Play offers opportunities to practice skills needed for social competence.
d. Play is the expressive outlet for thought and feeling.
e. All of the above
ANSWER: e
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: GCSDAL.KOSTELNIK.08.07.01 - Describe the nature of play and how it relates to social
competence.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remembering
2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of play?

a. It’s fun
b. It’s extrinsically motivated
c. It’s voluntary
d. It’s a species behavior
e. It’s not serious or focused on reality
ANSWER: b
competence.
3. Identify the best example of a child playing.

a. Brett is brushing his teeth.
b. Ashaki is receiving tennis instruction.
c. Rod is matching colored cubes as directed.
d. Steve is building with Tinkertoys.
e. Thomas is putting away the laundry.
ANSWER: d
competence.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understanding
4. When a child calls a stick “spoon,” why is that considered an important indicator of ability?
a. The child perceives the difference between sticks and spoons.
b. The child is able to separate the word from the object it represents through pretense.
c. The child knows what the words mean.
d. A stick can do the same work as a spoon.
ANSWER: b
competence.
5. Rita is regularly an onlooker while other children are pretending something. She comes close to them, and says nothing.
What would be the MOST effective strategy in helping her to engage in the play?
a. Wait and do nothing.
b. Tell Rita to say, "Can I play?”
c. Tell Rita to say, " I clean houses. Can I clean your house?"
d. Tell the other children that Rita wants to play even though her behavior makes this obvious.
e. Assign all of the children roles in pretend, including Rita.
ANSWER: c
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: GCSDAL.KOSTELNIK.08.07.03 - Articulate how adults guide and facilitate children’s play.
6. Which of the following social skills is (are) learned during play?

a. the ability to initiate and terminate interaction
b. the ability to affect events in a social context
c. the ability to empathize and dramatize emotions
d. taking turns
e. All of the above
ANSWER: e
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: GCSDAL.KOSTELNIK.08.07.02 - Explain how various types of play develop over time.
7. What aspect(s) of the environment do (does) NOT influence sex role differences in play?
a. differential treatment by parents
b. selection of toys and furnishings
c. peer pressure in a group
d. demographic characteristics of the neighborhood
e. All of the above
ANSWER: d
competence.
8. What competencies do play activities generate for boys more than for girls?
a. rules learning
b. creative problem-solving
c. imitations
d. task persistence
e. compliance
ANSWER: b
competence.
9. Which of the following strategies would likely be effective to help a child experiencing developmental delays?
a. Direct the child to engage in a teacher-lead activity.
b. Get an aide who will help the child during play.
c. Use only the general support strategies.
d. Simplify the ongoing activities so that this child can participate with classmates.
e. Play with toys is wasted time in a learning setting for children having special needs.
ANSWER: d
10. What type of social participation is the following? Claude is mixing soil and water near the area in which Todd and
Justin have constructed a roadway and town in the dirt. Occasionally he delivers “cement” to them, but his activity is
focused on the mixing process.
a. onlooker
b. solitary
c. parallel
d. associative
e. cooperative
ANSWER: d
11. Which question do children ask themselves in object play that they don’t ask in exploration?
a. What can I do with this?
b. How does it smell or taste?
c. What happens if the lever moves?
d. Does this piece come off?
ANSWER: a
12. Which question do children ask themselves in construction play that they don’t ask themselves in object play?
a. What will happen if I shake this?
b. How can I make this look like something I’ve seen?
c. What happens if I move this lever?
d. Does this piece come off?
ANSWER: b
13. Several children are in the block area, experimenting with various stacking strategies. Their aim is to get as many
blocks as they can to stand upright without falling over. This is an example of what kind of play?
a. object play b. pretend play
c. movement play d. construction play
ANSWER: a
14. Which of the following children is most definitely involved in practice play?
a. Jenny is playing dominoes with her best friend Sarah.
b. Larry is playing basketball on the playground.
c. Carrie is learning to knit.
d. Tony goes up and down the slide 20 times.
ANSWER: d
15. Which of the following incidents demonstrate rough-and-tumble play?

a. Girls are laughing and wrestling, with some chasing.
b. Boys are practicing specific actions for boxing.
c. Boys are frowning and slugging each other.
d. Girls are shouting as they run around the track.
ANSWER: a
16. Which is the most mature form of construction play?

a. making costumes for pretend play
b. stringing beads
c. lining up blocks in a horizontal grid
d. building a house with blocks
ANSWER: a
17. Which statement is NOT a characteristic of the challenging aspect of play?

a. The challenges undertaken are slightly more difficult than what the child can do.
b. Interest remains high in the activity until the child feels that the skill is mastered.
c. Children respond to dares from other children.
d. Boys are shouting as they run down the hill.
ANSWER: c
18. Don and Bryan are playing a board game. Each child has played this game at home with family members. Bryan
insists that the first person who plays is the one with the red playing piece, and Don demands that they roll a die to
determine who starts. They engage in this discussion with much vigor for several minutes. What is their approximate age?
a. under three b. three to four
c. four to five d. over five
ANSWER: d
19. Which of the following statements is most appropriate to say to Phillip, who is attempting to engage George in rough-
and-tumble play when George is either unwilling or uncertain?
a. “Go away and leave him alone.”
b. “That’s not nice.”
c. “There are no superheroes here.”
d. “Ask George if he wants to play.”
e. “Instead of running around chasing each other, why don’t you dig in the sand?”
ANSWER: d
20. Mr. Ramirez is stationed at the game table and notices that the children playing Candy Land are arguing about how to
use the playing pieces. He chooses a playing piece. Next, he asks the children if it is his turn to spin the spinner. He has
decided to help the children in what way?
a. from inside the playframe b. from outside the playframe
c. through metacognitive coaching d. through direct instruction
ANSWER: a
21. Barbara entered the play area after Geraldine and Rachel were already playing house and asked if she could play. She
listened to their dialogue, made role-appropriate comments as the neighbor, and contributed to the storyline the others
suggested. She smiled and gestured as others also played out their roles, accepting and modifying and responding in her
own play to coordinate with theirs. How would you describe this child’s level of play?
a. a beginner of simple pretend play
b. a friendly easy player
c. a master player who knows the implicit rules
d. a player who has not grasped how to initiate and maintain play
ANSWER: c
22. Lalita, age four, has tried unsuccessfully to be the director of house play on several occasions. Ms. Kurzhals usually
dismissed children to free choice activities for the story time by name. She has noticed Lalita’s attempts and is
considering what might be effective in supporting her. What do you think she should try first?
a. Change the materials that are available for free play.
b. Explain the importance of taking turns to the children during the story time.
c. Dismiss Lalita ahead of her usual playmates for a few days so that she can arrive at the pretend play area first.
d. Direct the players to allow Lalita to determine the narrative of the play from outside the play frame.
ANSWER: c
23. What skills that children learn through play contribute to self-regulation?
a. follows game rules appropriately for age
b. shares or takes turns
c. maintains role in pretend play
d. All of the above
ANSWER: d
competence.
24. Cun Liu and Hui Li I pretending to bury a stuffed toy dog. They put him in a box, gather dandelions, and appear to
have a ceremony for it. What social competence are they demonstrating?
a. emotional intelligence
b. positive self identity
c. social values
d. cultural competence
ANSWER: d
competence.
25. Which of the following behaviors contribute to positive self-identity during play?
a. reads and sends nonverbal cues
b. contributes to the plans of others
c. establishes social status in the play group
d. negotiates roles and rules
ANSWER: c
competence.
26. What is the difference between the play of four-year-olds and children of eight or nine?
a. Older children are no longer interested in pretend play.
b. Older children make great effort to maintain the illusion that the pretend is real.
c. Older children use more explicit strategies.
d. There are no differences between these age groups.
ANSWER: b
27. The opposite of play is work.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
competence.
28. The locus of control during play is with the adult.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
competence.
29. Demonstrating how to construct a bridge is an effective strategy for children who have never seen it done.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
30. Based on your understanding of the definition of play, the game of Ping-Pong could represent play for some people,
but not for everyone.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
competence.
31. The capacity to play is an acquired ability.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
competence.
32. Play with objects is less socially demanding than playing with a group of children.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
33. Pretend play requires that a child understand a role.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
34. The language is used in play as well as being a subject of play.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
35. Children practice newly acquired skills in play.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
competence.
36. Learning takes place only as a result of adult instruction.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: GCSDAL.KOSTELNIK.08.07.04 - Identify pitfalls to avoid in facilitating children’s play.
37. A child's cultural context including characteristics of the community have little impact on the content of pretend play.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
38. Children who engage in a lot of fantasy play have poor mental health.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
39. The feedback to children from playthings and playmates provides a sense of competence.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
competence.
40. Pretend play usually focuses the child’s attention on salient features of social situations.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
41. Children are likely to learn about cooperation and competition through play.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
competence.
42. Young boys and girls play in about the same way.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
competence.
43. Activities that have little structure force the players to create their own structure and make their own rules.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
44. Boys tend to play family roles more often than girls.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
45. Social play tends to enhance the bonds between individuals.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
46. Children are unaware of social status in their play.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
47. All exploratory behavior is play.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
competence.
48. Play for children having special needs is less important than for typically developing children.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
49. Play with movable outdoor equipment is more likely to be pretend play than play with immobile equipment.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
50. The term “play transformation” refers to children’s tendency to substitute one object or situation for another.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
51. Children whose style is that of a patterner communicate meaning by the special location of objects and their
perceptual attributes.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
52. It’s easier for children to play with an adult than with a peer.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
53. Boys are usually as willing to play mother roles as father roles.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
54. Play is a part of the expected curriculum in some states.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
competence.
55. Rough-and-tumble play is similar to aggression except for the laughter and other nonverbal acts.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
56. The difference in children’s humor and adult humor is mostly in subject matter.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
57. Children who laugh when others use inappropriate words for bladder and bowel movements should be sharply
reprimanded.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
58. Roger, Mary, and Carl have been playing chase for the past several minutes, laughing and calling to each other as they
run from one corner of the playground to another. Mrs. Sanchez, who has been watching from the sidelines, runs toward
them calling, “Chase me, chase me instead.” This is an example of responding from within the playframe.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
59. Peter offers Celeste a block saying, “Here, have a cookie before you leave on your trip.” Celeste pretends to eat the
“cookie.” This is an example of object invention.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
60. Vanessa is singing quietly and playing house by herself. Carl is playing with the computer nearby. This is an example
of associative play.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
61. Master players operate within explicit and implicit social rules during pretend play.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
62. Rough-and-tumble play helps children to establish and maintain dominance within the group.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
63. Older school age children tend to use implicit signals to regulate the play drama rather than straight forward proposals
for adjustments.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
64. What is the difference between a sport and an informal game?

ANSWER: Sports have codified rules and are administered by adults; informal games are not.
65. Why do adults sometimes think preschool children cheat when they play games?
ANSWER: Children treat rules as simple examples of how to play, not as obligations.
66. What conditions are most conducive to play?

ANSWER: Children’s physiological needs are met. Children feel safe and are not experiencing strong
emotions.
competence.
67. How can adults support a playful atmosphere?

ANSWER: Relax; remain close but outside the play space; maintain open, warm, nonverbal
communication signals; attend to what the children are doing.
68. What resources do children need to play?

ANSWER: time, the absence of interruptions, sufficient space, play materials
69. What is the function of the play frame?

ANSWER: It links players through communication and shared goals. It defines who is and is not engaged
in the play episode at a given point in time.
competence.
70. Where does the violent content sometimes seen in play come from?
ANSWER: Imitation of adults; portrayal of media scenes; acting out of inner emotional needs to cope
with feelings of helplessness or aggression; imitation of scripts from electronic games; real
aggression masked as play
71. Describe the sequence through which children proceed in each of the following play types:
a. play with objects
b. dramatic play
c. constructive play
d. play with movement
e. games
f. humor
ANSWER: Answers will vary.
72. Why should childhood professionals know the developmental sequences of play?
73. How can adults help children to play at increasingly complex levels?
74. Explain the role of play in relation to other aspects of development: language, social development, emotional
development, cognition, learning.
competence.
75. Describe the characteristics of play and give examples of playful and unplayful behavior.
competence.
76. Describe the relationship of gender to play.

77. Which of the following is NOT a significant feature of cultural influences on play behavior?
a. content of play is universal
b. timing and skill development of pretend play
c. the choice of games and the rules used to govern informal games
d. children use what they know regardless of culture
ANSWER: a
78. Which of the following behaviors is a hallmark of rough-and-tumble play that is different than movement
play?
a. Children run a lot and make noise.
b. Intimidation and staring down are common.
c. Children tackle, wrestle and laugh.
d. Children may challenge one another.
ANSWER: c
79. Why is adult understanding of an individual’s style of play important?

ANSWER: I will ask the adult to interpret the play of one child to another as well as to decide
how to handle the use of materials when more than one child wishes to use them. In
addition, it will enable the adult more successful in making transitions and supporting
another child’s entry into play.
80. Explain the differences between a master player and a child who plays with basic skills only.
81. Using what you know about play and development, justify incorporating play into the daily program.
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2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of play?

3. Identify the best example of a child playing.

6. Which of the following social skills is (are) learned during play?

15. Which of the following incidents demonstrate rough-and-tumble play?

16. Which is the most mature form of construction play?

17. Which statement is NOT a characteristic of the challenging aspect of play?

27. The opposite of play is work.

28. The locus of control during play is with the adult.

31. The capacity to play is an acquired ability.

33. Pretend play requires that a child understand a role.

34. The language is used in play as well as being a subject of play.

35. Children practice newly acquired skills in play.

36. Learning takes place only as a result of adult instruction.

45. Social play tends to enhance the bonds between individuals.

46. Children are unaware of social status in their play.

47. All exploratory behavior is play.

54. Play is a part of the expected curriculum in some states.

64. What is the difference between a sport and an informal game?

66. What conditions are most conducive to play?

67. How can adults support a playful atmosphere?

68. What resources do children need to play?

69. What is the function of the play frame?

76. Describe the relationship of gender to play.

79. Why is adult understanding of an individual’s style of play important?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

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