Test Bank For Marriages Families and Relationships 13th by Lamanna

Test Bank for Marriages Families and Relationships 13th by Lamanna
Test Bank for Marriages Families and Relationships

13th by Lamanna
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13th-by-lamanna/
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1. Seventy-two percent of Americans ages 18 and older were married in 1960, compared with _____ percent in 2014.
a. 25 b. 38
c. 49 d. 67
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: Marital Status: The Changing Picture
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.01 - Analyze the value that Americans place on marriage
as attitudes about it change.
KEYWORDS: fact
2. Almost ________ percent of the never-married tell pollsters that they do want to marry.
a. one-third b. half
c. two-thirds d. three-quarters
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: fact
3. In the United States, __________ remains the most socially acceptable—and stable—gateway to family life.
a. marriage b. cohabitation
c. adoption d. childbearing
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: concept
4. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in the last 50 years, the marriage rate has __________.
a. generally declined b. declined only slightly
c. stayed consistent d. risen significantly
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: fact
5. Around 1950, family sociologists described a standard pattern of marriage at about age 20 for women and age ____
for men
a. 18 b. 20
c. 22 d. 26
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: fact
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6. Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, __________ percent of marriages lasted until the children left
home.
a. 80 b. 70
c. 60 d. 50
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: fact
7. Same-sex couples have successfully challenged ______, or the idea that heterosexuality is the only normal or
acceptable option.
a. the marriage gap b. misogyny
c. heteronormativity d. homophobia
ANSWER: c
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.04 - Discuss same-sex marriage as legal in the United
States and elsewhere.
KEYWORDS: fact
8. What is the key function of marriage for most Americans?
a. a practical, economic institution b. love and ongoing emotional support
c. childbearing and rearing d. merging two families
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: The Time-Honored Marriage Premise: Permanence and Sexual Exclusitivity
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.02 - Describe the marriage premise and its components,
including permanence and expectations of fidelity.
KEYWORDS: concept
9. What was the first country to allow same-sex partners to legally marry?
a. Japan b. the United States
c. Sweden d. the Netherlands
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: fact

10. About what percentage of married couples in the U.S. are same-sex couples?
a. one-half of one percent b. two percent
c. five percent d. ten percent
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: fact
11. Compared to other same-sex couples, married same-sex couples are more likely to
a. have lower household incomes. b. be unemployed.
c. be older. d. have less education.
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: fact
12. The Netherlands first enacted a civil marriage law in
a. 1200 b. 1590
c. 1850 d. 1970
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: The Time-Honored Marriage Premise: Permanence and Sexual Exclusivity
KEYWORDS: fact
13. Which of the following is NOT one of the five major social institutions as identified by social scientists?
a. family b. religion
c. sports d. education
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: fact

14. With few cross-cultural or historical exceptions, marriages have been expected to
a. result in divorce.
b. produce children.
c. be lifelong undertakings.
d. be based on love.
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: fact
15. _______, or having more than one spouse, is culturally accepted in many parts of the world.
a. Monogamy b. Cohabitation
c. Serial monogamy. d. Polygamy
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: fact
16. In Europe, requirements for women’s sexual exclusivity emerged to maintain the ______ line of descent.
a. polygamous b. matriarchal
c. polyamorous d. patriarchal
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: fact
17. Polygamy has been illegal in the United States since
a. 1250 b. 1878
c. 1584 d. 1933
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: fact

18. _____ is a type of polygamy wherein a woman has multiple husbands.
a. Polyandry b. Monogamy
c. Polygyny d. Matriarchy
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: fact
19. Historically, marriage and family had two important functions: (1) guaranteeing property rights, and (2) _________.
a. the responsible upbringing of children b. emotional intimacy
c. sexual release d. changing the woman’s name
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: fact
20. According to the text, permanence and sexual exclusivity are two every important elements of the marriage
a. dialogue. b. premise.
c. contract. d. dynamic.
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: concept
21. Bill and JoAnn have recently married and have made a commitment to each other that they will keep each other as
the most important people in their lives, and stay together as long as they live. Bill and JoAnn’s joint commitment
reflects the expectations of
a. self-disclosure. b. permanence.
c. devotion. d. convenience.
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: application

22. Rhonda and Javier have recently married and have agreed that they will only have sexual relations with each other.
This agreement reflects the expectations of
a. polygamy. b. permanence.
c. sexual exclusivity. d. self-disclosure.
ANSWER: c
23. Social scientists have defined the family as a(n) __________—a fundamental component of social organization.
a. social institution b. individual contract
c. familial norm d. unit of existence
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: fact
24. With a group of other married couples, Melissa and Bobby regularly exchange partners in order to engage in purely
recreational sex. This reflects a practice known as
a. polyamory. b. cohabiting.
c. polygamy. d. swinging.
ANSWER: d
25. Roland and Megan are married, but have agreed to retain the option of sexually and emotionally loving others. This is
referred to in the text as
a. polyamory. b. polygamy.
c. polygyny. d. swinging.
ANSWER: a

26. A key difference between swinging and polyamory is that in the case of polyamory, outside relationships
a. are exclusively sexual. b. can be emotional as well as sexual.
c. are always emotional as well as sexual. d. are exclusively emotional, but not sexual.
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: fact
27. The text reports that more than ___________ percent of Americans believe that adultery is morally wrong.
a. 30 b. 50
c. 70 d. 90
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: fact
28. The United States is considered a(n) __________ society, where romantic love is valued in marriage.
a. individualistic b. collectivistic
c. communal d. polyamorous
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: From “Yoke Mates” to “Soul Mates”: A Changing Marriage Premise
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.03 - Explain why marriage has historically been a public
rather than simply private ceremony.
KEYWORDS: fact
29. Other societies, and past societies, tended to be more __________, where people identify with and conform to the
expectations of their extended kin.
c. libertarian d. progressive
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: fact

30. Due to the American individualist orientation, three interrelated developments have occurred relating to marriage.
Which of the following is NOT one of these?
a. The authority of kin and extended family weakened.
b. Community became more vital and important.
c. Individuals began to find their own marriage partners.
d. Romantic love came to be associated with marriage.
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: concept
31. Parents and children, along with other relatives such as in-laws, grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins are
included in the __________ family.
a. extended b. nuclear
c. conjugal d. fictive
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: concept
32. Some groups have friends who are so close that they are hardly distinguished from actual relatives. These
relationships are referred to as “__________” kin.
a. conjugal b. extended
c. nuclear d. fictive
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: concept
33. Parents, brothers, and sisters are part of a person’s family of
a. procreation. b. origin.
c. orientation. d. dominance.
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: concept

34. Spouses and children are part of a person’s family of
a. parentage. b. procreation.
c. orientation. d. extension.
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: concept
35. For Hispanics today, la familia means
a. the extended family only.
b. the nuclear family only.
c. the conjugal family only.
d. the extended as well as the nuclear family.
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: concept
36. Arranged marriage has characterized __________ societies.
c. egalitarian d. postmodern
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: fact
37. That marriages should involve romance and lead to personal happiness is a uniquely __________ idea.
a. Western b. communal
c. modern d. collectivist
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: concept

38. According to family historian Stephanie Coontz, the institution of marriage has changed from being seen as the
fundamental unit of work and politics to being ____________________.
a. like a yoke for paired oxen b. expected by the extended family unit
c. an economic unit d. a haven in a heartless world
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: concept
39. Family sociologist Andrew Cherlin has noted that time-honored family definitions and social norms “count for far less”
than in the past. He calls this__________.
a. the disrespecting of the family b. the deinstitutionalization of marriage
c. tragic and irreversible. d. extended kin disdain
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: Deinstitutionalized Marriage
KEYWORDS: concept
40. In a(n) __________ marriage, coming together as husband and wife was based on dutiful adherence to the time-
honored marriage premise, particularly the norm of permanence.
a. institutional b. companionate
c. individualized d. romantic
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: concept
41. According to the ______ hypothesis, many of the benefits of marriage result from the personal characteristics of
those who marry.
a. selection b. companionate
c. individualized d. romantic
ANSWER: a
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.07 - Contrast the selection hypothesis with the experience
hypothesis regarding the benefits of marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept

42. In a(n) __________ marriage, the husband was expected mainly to be a hard-working provider, and the wife a good
housekeeper and cook.
c. individualized d. arranged
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: concept
43. Middle-class Americans often dream of attaining “the white picket fence.” That is, they see marriage as an
opportunity for idealized domesticity within the “haven” of their own single-family home. Which marriage does this
describe?
a. the institutional marriage bond b. the companionate marriage bond
c. the individualized marriage bond d. the cohabitation bond
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: concept
44. The text lists four interrelated characteristics that distinguish individualized marriage. Which of the following is NOT
one of these?
a. It is optional.
b. Spouses’ roles are flexible—negotiable and renegotiable.
c. Its expected rewards involve love, communication and emotional intimacy.
d. It is economically practical.
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: concept
45. In a(n) __________ marriage, which dominates Americans’ goals for marriage today, partners expect companionship
and intimacy as well as more practical benefits.
c. individualized d. arranged
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: concept

46. Marriage partners now expect love and emotional intimacy, open communication, role flexibility, gender equality, and
personal growth. Which does this describe?
a. the institutional marriage bond b. the companionate marriage bond
c. the individualized marriage bond d. the cohabitation bond
ANSWER: c
KEYWORDS: concept
47. People in individualized marriages expect all of the following EXCEPT
a. patriarchal authority. b. love and emotional support.
c. personal autonomy. d. role flexibility.
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: concept
48. According to the text, the high expectations inherent in an individualistic marriage may be associated with all of the
following EXCEPT
a. people deciding not to marry.
b. a high divorce rate.
c. a lower birth rate.
d. more early marriages.
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: concept
49. About __________ million children under age 18 live in single-parent households.
a. 10 b. 20
c. 40 d. 60
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: fact

50. When compared with teens in married, two-biological-parent homes, those in single-parent and cohabiting families are
more likely to experience all EXCEPT which of the following?
a. higher teen pregnancy rates
b. earlier premarital intercourse
c. lower academic achievement
d. higher rates of school suspension and delinquency
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Individualized Marriage and the Postmodern Family: Decline or Inevitable
Change?
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.06 - Describe some research-established benefits of
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
51. Considerable research supports the overall conclusion that growing up with married parents
a. has no effect on children b. is worse for children
c. is better for children d. is so uncommon we have no data to analyze
ANSWER: c
marriage.
KEYWORDS: fact
52. Compared with family members in unmarried households, spouses as a category have
a. less wealth. b. overall lower levels of health.
c. more frequent sex. d. higher rates of alcoholism.
ANSWER: c
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
53. Those who view individualized marriage as __________ assert that our culture’s unchecked individualism has cause
widespread moral weakening and self-indulgence.
a. family change b. family erosion
c. family cycling d. family decline
ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: Deinstitutionalized Marriage: The Policy Debate
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MFaR.LAMA.15.07.05 - Describe the debate between policy makers and
scholars who see marriage as "in decline" versus those who see marriage a
"changing" but not necessarily in decline.
KEYWORDS: concept

54. Those who view individualized marriage as __________ say that those who look back with nostalgia to the good old
days may be idealizing the past.
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: concept
55. Policy advocates from a marital __________ perspective are mainly concerned about the high number and
proportions of parents and children living in poverty.
a. change b. decline
c. advocacy d. traditionalist
ANSWER: a
KEYWORDS: concept
56. An important goal from the marital __________ perspective is to return to a society more in line with the values and
norms of companionate marriage.
a. change b. decline
c. advocacy d. traditionalist
ANSWER: b
KEYWORDS: concept
57. Policy advocates from a __________ perspective are concerned with the breakdown of the family including money
spent on welfare.
ANSWER: d
KEYWORDS: concept

58. Comparing children’s well-being in married families with that of those in one-parent families, Linda Waite found that
children from married families had several strengths. Which of the following is NOT one of her findings?
a. Children were about half as likely to drop out of high school
b. Children had a higher IQ and were more creative.
c. Children were significantly less likely to live in poverty.
d. Children had better-quality relationships with their parents.
ANSWER: b
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
59. The proportion of children under age eighteen living with two married parents __________ over the past 30 years.
a. rose dramatically b. rose steadily
c. declined steadily d. remained the same
ANSWER: c
marriage.
KEYWORDS: fact
60. Personalizing a role by modifying or adjusting the expectations traditionally assigned to it is called
a. role-making b. boundary-setting
c. marital sanctification d. marital navigation
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: Happiness, Well-Being, and Life Satisfaction: How Does Marriage Matter?
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
61. Research would suggest what which of the following married couples are MOST likely to be the happiest?
a. Ashley and Scott, who have three children and have b. Mary and Stan, who are retired with grown
been married ten years children
c. Juanita and LeBron, who are a middle-aged couple d. Rita and Jon, who have no children and have
with one child in college been married two years
ANSWER: d
marriage.

62. All of the following have been identified as potentially problematic topics for couples in first marriages EXCEPT
a. balancing job and family. b. sexual frequency.
c. finding agreement in political views. d. agreeing on how much time to spend together.
ANSWER: c
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
63. Which of the following is NOT strongly related to couple satisfaction?
a. pursuing leisure activities together b. communicating supportively
c. raising children together d. spending time together
ANSWER: c
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
64. Polls show that both male and female spouses are far more likely than others to say that they are “very happy.”
Nearly __________ of marrieds say they are “very happy,” compared to less than half of unmarrieds.
a. three-fourths b. two-thirds
c. more than half d. half
ANSWER: b
marriage.
KEYWORDS: concept
65. The family as a social institution rests on the marriage premise of permanence and sexual exclusivity.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
KEYWORDS: concept
66. Expectations for permanence derive from the fact that, historically, marriage has been a practical social institution.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
KEYWORDS: concept

67. Polyandry refers to multiple wives for one husband.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
KEYWORDS: fact
68. Historically, polygamy has been very rare and taboo across all cultures.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
KEYWORDS: concept
69. Polyamory refers to marriages in which one or both spouses retain the option to sexually and emotionally love others
in addition to their spouse.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
KEYWORDS: concept
70. Only about 25 percent of Americans believe that extramarital sex is morally wrong.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
KEYWORDS: fact

71. At least among white, middle-class Americans, the husband-wife dyad is expected to take precedence over any
others.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
KEYWORDS: concept
72. La familia means the extended, but NOT the nuclear family.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
KEYWORDS: concept
73. In most cases, marriage alone is sufficient to alleviate poverty.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
marriage.
KEYWORDS: fact
74. Higher income is positively associated with marriage.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
marriage.
KEYWORDS: fact
75. A majority of unmarried families live in poverty.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
marriage.
KEYWORDS: fact

76. Nearly two-thirds of marrieds say they are “very happy,” compared to less than half of unmarrieds.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
marriage.
KEYWORDS: fact
77. The family as a social institution rests on the __________ of permanence and sexual exclusivity.
ANSWER: marriage premise

78. __________ refers to multiple wives for a man.
ANSWER: Polygyny
79. __________ is a marriage arrangement in which couples exchange partners in order to engage in purely recreational
sex.
ANSWER: Swinging
80. Marriages in which one or both spouses retain the option to sexually love others in addition to their spouse are
practicing _________.
ANSWER: polyamory
81. Beginning with a public ceremony, marriage makes for what sociologist Andrew Cherlin calls
ANSWER: enforced trust


82. In a(n) __________ marriage, the husband was expected mainly to be a hardworking provider and the wife was
expected to be a good housekeeper and cook.
ANSWER: companionate
83. Some of the benefits associated with marriage are caused by the experience of being married, rather than the
selection of a particular partner. Researchers call this the _________ of marriage.
ANSWER: experience hypothesis

84. Marital _______ encourages spouses to see their marriages as ordained by god and hence of divine significance.
ANSWER: sanctification
85. Instead of marital stability, some policy makers argue for _________, or supporting children and therefore their
parents in whatever family form they find themselves.
ANSWER: family stability

86. What is the “marriage premise?”
ANSWER: Will vary

87. What are the three “subcultures” discussed by the text as alternates to marital sexual exclusivity?
ANSWER: Will vary

88. Explain the relationship between expectations of permanence and expectations of sexual exclusivity. Give an example
of each category.
ANSWER: Will vary


Test Bank for Marriages Families and Relationships 13th by Lamanna
89. Not all same-sex couples want to marry. Briefly explain why.
ANSWER: Will vary

90. Briefly describe the relationship between marriage and poverty.
ANSWER: Will vary

marriage.
91. What is the marriage gap and why does it exist?
ANSWER: Will vary

92. Contrast the selection and experience hypotheses. Which seems more plausible to you? Why?
ANSWER: Will vary

93. Discuss the relationship between marriage and happiness and life satisfaction.
ANSWER: Will vary

marriage.
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ANSWER: marriage premise

ANSWER: enforced trust

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ANSWER: experience hypothesis

ANSWER: family stability

ANSWER: Will vary

ANSWER: Will vary

ANSWER: Will vary

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ANSWER: Will vary

ANSWER: Will vary

ANSWER: Will vary

ANSWER: Will vary

ANSWER: Will vary

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