Test Bank For Health Psychology 3rd Canadian Edition

Test Bank for Health Psychology 3rd Canadian Edition
Test Bank for Health Psychology 3rd Canadian

Edition
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on/
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Chapter 5
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________
1. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for health compromising behaviours.
True False
2. Many health compromising behaviours are more common in individuals from higher social classes.
True False
3. Harm reduction focuses on completely eliminating substance use.
True False
4. There are four main classes of illicit drugs.
True False
5. Psychological and social rewards associated with drinking include reduced anxiety and depression.
True False
6. Research supports the idea that most alcoholics eventually receive some form of inpatient or
outpatient treatment.
True False
7. Trying cigarettes makes a person significantly more likely to use other drugs in the future.
True False
8. Smokers have more accidents and injuries at work,
True False
9. Anorexia nervosa is classified as an obsessive disorder.
True False
10. Individuals with bulimia are often thinner than those with anorexia nervosa.
True False
11. Alcohol abuse and smoking share a window of vulnerability in
A. adolescence.
B. young adulthood.
C. middle age.
D. old age.
E. stressful times.
12. Since he stopped smoking last week, John complains about fighting the urge for a cigarette, especially
when he is around other smokers. This is an example of
A. addiction.
B. tolerance.
C. craving.
D. withdrawal.
E. All of these answers are correct.
13. Psychoactive substances
A. impact cognitive and affective processes and alter the way a person behaves when ingested.
B. include illicit drugs.
C. include alcohol.
D. include prescription drugs.
14. According to a recent international study on substance abuse in industrialized countries by the United
Nations, Canada is one of the world leaders in
A. injection drug use

B. marijuana use
C. binge drinking
D. treatment programs for alcohol abuse
E. cocaine use
15. Which of the following individuals would be MOST at risk for developing alcoholism?
A. Shirley, whose identical twin, Fran, is an alcoholic

B. George, whose fraternal twin, Sam, is an alcoholic
C. Linda, whose adoptive mother, Gail, is an alcoholic
D. Adam, whose father, Ben, is an alcoholic
E. Sheila, whose mother, Sally, is a problem drinker
16. Individuals who experience _______________ are more likely to become problem drinkers than those without
these risk factors.
A. negative life events

B. chronic stressors
C. deficits in social support
D. chronic stressors and deficits in social support
17. Compared to persons with more long-term drinking problems, people who become problem drinkers in
late middle age are
A. less likely to control their drinking on their own.

B. less likely to be successfully treated.
C. more likely to use problem drinking as a coping method.
D. more likely to have a higher tolerance for alcohol.
E. more likely to develop lung cancer.
18. The goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse include
A. reducing the reinforcement associated with alcohol.

B. teaching new behaviours inconsistent with alcohol abuse.
C. introducing reinforcement for activities that do not involve alcohol.
D. treating the biological and environmental factors involved simultaneously.
E. All of the these are goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse.
19. Naltrexone, a medication, is used to
A. modify the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter.

B. prevent alcoholics from drinking by causing the body to negatively react to alcohol.
C. prevent relapse among alcoholics.
D. give alcohol a foul taste.
E. trick the brain into thinking that it is consuming alcohol when mixed with water.
20. Many successful treatment programs have attempted to provide alcoholics with
A. relaxation training.
B. assertiveness training.
C. social skills training.
D. stress management techniques.
E. relaxation, assertiveness, and social skills training, as well as general stress management techniques.
21. Surveys of alcohol treatment programs suggest that programs are most successful when participants
remain in treatment for
A. one to two weeks.

B. six to eight weeks.
C. two to three months.
D. at least four months.
E. 28 days.
22. As many as ____________ of Canadian undergraduate university students engage in harmful drinking.
A. 2%
B. 10%
C. 16%
D. 22%
E. 32%
23. With increased media attention on the problem of drunk driving, drinkers seem to be __________________ to
avoid driving while drunk.
A. limiting drinks to a prescribed number

B. arranging for a designated driver
C. getting taxis
D. delaying or avoiding driving after consuming alcohol
24. Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with
A. increased risk from coronary artery disease.

B. increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
C. elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC).
D. elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC).
E. increased cancer risk.
25. For Aboriginal peoples, leaving the community for a residential addictions facility can
A. increase the chance of healing alcoholism and problem drinking.

B. reduce community triggers for problem drinking.
C. decrease the chance of relapse.
D. increase the chance of alcoholism and problem drinking.
E. increase risky sexual behaviours.
26. _______________ is/are the single greatest cause of preventable death.
A. Obesity
B. Alcoholism
C. Vehicular accidents
D. Smoking
E. Risky sexual behaviours
27. In Canada, approximately _______________ deaths per year are related to smoking.
A. 10,000
B. 25,000
C. 45,000
D. 50,000
E. 65,000
28. Smoking and serum cholesterol interact to produce higher rates of morbidity and mortality by
A. decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

B. increasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) production.
C. inhibiting the blood's ability to coagulate.
D. reducing blood oxygen capacity and increasing carbon monoxide levels.
E. increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.
29. Following the publication of the Surgeon General's report on smoking in 1964, in Canada
A. smoking in all groups has continued to increase.

B. smoking in all groups has continued to increase, but the rate of increase has slowed.
C. men's smoking has declined, but women's has remained stable.
D. smoking among older people was relatively unaffected, but the percentage of teenage smokers has
declined.
30. Smoking among adolescents is
A. independent of other health-compromising behaviours.

B. likely to occur in the presence of peers.
C. an effort to maintain a positive mood.
D. unrelated to individual differences in personality.
E. likely to occur in relation to drinking behaviour.
31. "Chippers"
A. is a term used to describe usually light smokers.

B. do not have the same risk factors as other smokers.
C. are declining in number.
D. are individuals who consume more than 20 cigarettes a day.
E. are more likely to eat while consuming cigarettes.
32. Fiissel and Lafreniere (2006) suggested that women who report that they smoke to control their
appetite and weight
A. internalized the prescribed cultural standards of thinness.

B. are overweight or obese.
C. have eating disorders.
D. have a family history of eating disorders.
E. are more likely to come from single parent households.
33. Adolescents are more likely to smoke if
A. their parents smoke.

B. they have a lower SES.
C. there has been a major stressor in the family.
D. they feel social pressure to smoke.
34. The two "windows of opportunity" for beginning smoking are
A. late elementary and high school.

B. high school and beginning university.
C. late elementary school and beginning university.
D. high school and the ages 23-28.
E. there is only one window of opportunity.
35. Nicotine alters levels of active neuroregulators which
A. enhances memory.
B. reduces anxiety and tension.
C. improves mood.
D. improves psychomotor performance.
36. Evaluations of the effect of mass media anti-smoking messages suggest that they
A. provide information to smokers about health habits but have little effect on attitudes about smoking.
B. provide information about health habits to the general population but have little effect on anyone's
behaviour.
C. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth from beginning to smoke.
D. provide information about health habits and discourage adult non-smokers from beginning to smoke.
E. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth and adult non-smokers from
beginning to smoke.
37. The use of transdermal nicotine patches
A. produces a sharper rise in nicotine level than does cigarette smoking.

B. does not produce significant gains in smoking cessation.
C. produces significant smoking cessation.
D. is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is smoking.
E. was the first tool used for smoke cessation.
38. In which stage of Prochaska's transtheoretical model of behaviour change would information about the
adverse health consequences of smoking would be the most effective to provide to smokers?
A. precontemplation
B. contemplation
C. action
D. preparation
E. maintenance
39. Ex-smokers are more likely to be successful over the short term if they have
A. a supportive partner.
B. non-smoking supportive friends.
C. smoking supportive friends.
D. a supportive partner and non-smoking supportive friends.
E. a regular exercise routine.
40. The best predictor of long-term abstinence among smokers is
A. social support.
B. environmental support.
C. self-efficacy.
D. remaining vigilant about not smoking.
E. strength of intention to quit.
41. Physicians and other health care professionals are less helpful in controlling smoking as could be
expected because
A. many smokers do not listen to them.

B. they rarely give advice to smokers.
C. they do not always have a negative attitude towards smoking.
D. almost all believe they would not be able to motivate people.
E. there is no time to discuss this on a routine visit.
42. Programs that provide materials to smokers so that they can quit on their own
A. are too haphazard in nature to be successful.

B. have been found to have higher initial quit rates than cognitive-behavioural interventions.
C. have been found to be as successful as cognitive-behavioural interventions in terms of long-term
maintenance.
D. have the same impact as cognitive-behavioural interventions but are not as cost effective.
E. have been found to have high long-term relapse rates.
43. More than _______________ Canadians successfully quit smoking each year.
A. fifty thousand
B. one hundred thousand
C. two hundred thousand
D. half a million
E. one million
44. Those who quit smoking on their own
A. appear to be more successful in maintaining abstinence than participants in smoking cessation

programs.
B. have high levels of self-control that is related to low relapse rates.
C. are more likely to have a socially supportive network that smokes.
D. have strong beliefs in the health benefits of stopping smoking.
E. are more likely to be women.
45. Social influence intervention programs often use the principle of behavioural inoculation. According to
this principle, exposing individuals to a(an)
A. strong persuasive message ensures that they will internalize the message.
B. boring, repetitive persuasive message ensures that they will become desensitized to the message.
C. one-sided message ensures that uncommitted individuals will more likely be persuaded by the
message.
D. weak version of a persuasive message ensures that they will develop counterarguments to resist a
stronger version of the message.
E. continued message for at least 6 weeks will ensure they will internalize the message.
46. A popular new method for reducing smoking is referred to as
A. yap patching.
B. nicco-resting.
C. vaping.
D. e-niccorettes.
E. halo smoking.
47. The social influence intervention program highlights
A. the adverse effects of smoking on health.

B. the financial costs of smoking.
C. the negative social consequences of smoking.
D. how advertisers use subtle techniques, hopefully so students will be more able to resist cigarette
advertising.
48. Which of the following harm reduction alternatives to smoking provides a promising and safer option to
quitting?
A. Nicco-rest patches.
B. Nicotine gum.
C. Visual reality.
D. E-cigarettes.
E. There are no safe alternatives to smoking.
49. Evaluation of social influence programs suggests that
A. adolescent smoking rates are unaffected.

B. fewer adolescents begin smoking after exposure to such programs.
C. adolescent smoking rates are reduced for up to four years.
D. programs are needed that will reach the child destined to become a regular smoker.
E. these programs may delay smoking but do not necessarily reduce overall smoking rates.
50. The life-skills-training approach teaches adolescents
A. social skills.
B. refusal skills.
C. coping enhancement.
D. self-esteem.
51. Passive smoking (second-hand smoke) has been found to be associated with
A. normal blood carbon monoxide levels.

B. increased pulmonary functioning.
C. elevated skin plasticity.
D. childhood obesity.
E. increased rates of lung cancer.
52. Anorexia nervosa
A. is caused by amenorrhea.
B. is characterized by the binge-and-purge syndrome.
C. is characterized by reduced interest in food and restricted physical activity.
D. is characterized by dieting and exercising that results in weight loss that is significantly below
optimal levels.
E. has a purely environmental etiology.
53. Anorexia has been found to be correlated with
A. body image disturbance.

B. high blood pressure and heart reactivity to stress.
C. self-esteem.
D. depression and anxiety.
54. Initial therapy for anorexia is focused on weight gain and usually uses a _______________ approach.
A. cognitive
B. family therapy
C. psychodynamic
D. behavioural
E. person-centered
55. Bulimia is correlated with
A. stress.
B. amenorrhea.
C. perfectionism.
D. obsession.
E. alcoholism.
56. Most therapies for anorexia utilize _______________, whereas _______________ appears to be the most effective
treatment for bulimia.
A. behavioural therapy; medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy

B. medication; behavioural therapy
C. medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy; inpatient treatment
D. medication and inpatient treatment; cognitive-behavioural therapy
E. person-centered therapy; behavioural therapy
57. Many health-compromising behaviours share several important characteristics. Describe these
characteristics and the implications for intervention programs.
58. Explain the consequences of illicit drug use.

59. Identify and describe the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors implicated in alcohol
abuse.
60. Explain the problem of relapse in the treatment of alcohol abuse. Which intervention strategies address
this problem most effectively? Substantiate your answer with research from the text.
61. Answer the question posed in the text: "Why do people smoke?"
62. Describe the factors associated with smoking in adolescence. Evaluate the effectiveness of prevention
programs targeting adolescents.
63. Describe the similarities and differences of anorexia and bulimia, including causes, symptoms, and
treatment.
Chapter 5 Key
1. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for health compromising behaviours.
TRUE
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours
Taylor - Chapter 05 #1
2. Many health compromising behaviours are more common in individuals from higher social classes.
FALSE

3. Harm reduction focuses on completely eliminating substance use.
FALSE

Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence
4. There are four main classes of illicit drugs.
TRUE

5. Psychological and social rewards associated with drinking include reduced anxiety and depression.
TRUE

Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health
6. Research supports the idea that most alcoholics eventually receive some form of inpatient or
outpatient treatment.
FALSE

7. Trying cigarettes makes a person significantly more likely to use other drugs in the future.
TRUE

Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking
8. Smokers have more accidents and injuries at work,
TRUE

9. Anorexia nervosa is classified as an obsessive disorder.
TRUE

Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders
10. Individuals with bulimia are often thinner than those with anorexia nervosa.
FALSE

11. Alcohol abuse and smoking share a window of vulnerability in
A. adolescence.
B. young adulthood.
C. middle age.
D. old age.
E. stressful times.

12. Since he stopped smoking last week, John complains about fighting the urge for a cigarette,
especially when he is around other smokers. This is an example of
A. addiction.
B. tolerance.
C. craving.
D. withdrawal.

13. Psychoactive substances
A. impact cognitive and affective processes and alter the way a person behaves when ingested.
B. include illicit drugs.
C. include alcohol.
D. include prescription drugs.

14. According to a recent international study on substance abuse in industrialized countries by the
United Nations, Canada is one of the world leaders in
A. injection drug use

B. marijuana use
C. binge drinking
D. treatment programs for alcohol abuse
E. cocaine use

15. Which of the following individuals would be MOST at risk for developing alcoholism?
A. Shirley, whose identical twin, Fran, is an alcoholic

B. George, whose fraternal twin, Sam, is an alcoholic
C. Linda, whose adoptive mother, Gail, is an alcoholic
D. Adam, whose father, Ben, is an alcoholic
E. Sheila, whose mother, Sally, is a problem drinker

16. Individuals who experience _______________ are more likely to become problem drinkers than those
without these risk factors.
A. negative life events

B. chronic stressors
C. deficits in social support
D. chronic stressors and deficits in social support

17. Compared to persons with more long-term drinking problems, people who become problem drinkers
in late middle age are
A. less likely to control their drinking on their own.

B. less likely to be successfully treated.
C. more likely to use problem drinking as a coping method.
D. more likely to have a higher tolerance for alcohol.
E. more likely to develop lung cancer.

18. The goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse include
A. reducing the reinforcement associated with alcohol.

B. teaching new behaviours inconsistent with alcohol abuse.
C. introducing reinforcement for activities that do not involve alcohol.
D. treating the biological and environmental factors involved simultaneously.
E. All of the these are goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse.

19. Naltrexone, a medication, is used to
A. modify the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter.

B. prevent alcoholics from drinking by causing the body to negatively react to alcohol.
C. prevent relapse among alcoholics.
D. give alcohol a foul taste.
E. trick the brain into thinking that it is consuming alcohol when mixed with water.

20. Many successful treatment programs have attempted to provide alcoholics with
A. relaxation training.
B. assertiveness training.
C. social skills training.
D. stress management techniques.
E. relaxation, assertiveness, and social skills training, as well as general stress management
techniques.

21. Surveys of alcohol treatment programs suggest that programs are most successful when
participants remain in treatment for
A. one to two weeks.

B. six to eight weeks.
C. two to three months.
D. at least four months.
E. 28 days.

22. As many as ____________ of Canadian undergraduate university students engage in harmful drinking.
A. 2%
B. 10%
C. 16%
D. 22%
E. 32%

23. With increased media attention on the problem of drunk driving, drinkers seem to be __________________
to avoid driving while drunk.
A. limiting drinks to a prescribed number

B. arranging for a designated driver
C. getting taxis
D. delaying or avoiding driving after consuming alcohol

24. Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with
A. increased risk from coronary artery disease.

B. increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
C. elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC).
D. elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC).
E. increased cancer risk.

25. For Aboriginal peoples, leaving the community for a residential addictions facility can
A. increase the chance of healing alcoholism and problem drinking.

B. reduce community triggers for problem drinking.
C. decrease the chance of relapse.
D. increase the chance of alcoholism and problem drinking.
E. increase risky sexual behaviours.

26. _______________ is/are the single greatest cause of preventable death.
A. Obesity
B. Alcoholism
C. Vehicular accidents
D. Smoking
E. Risky sexual behaviours

27. In Canada, approximately _______________ deaths per year are related to smoking.
A. 10,000
B. 25,000
C. 45,000
D. 50,000
E. 65,000

28. Smoking and serum cholesterol interact to produce higher rates of morbidity and mortality by
A. decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

B. increasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) production.
C. inhibiting the blood's ability to coagulate.
D. reducing blood oxygen capacity and increasing carbon monoxide levels.
E. increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

29. Following the publication of the Surgeon General's report on smoking in 1964, in Canada
A. smoking in all groups has continued to increase.

B. smoking in all groups has continued to increase, but the rate of increase has slowed.
C. men's smoking has declined, but women's has remained stable.
D. smoking among older people was relatively unaffected, but the percentage of teenage smokers
has declined.

30. Smoking among adolescents is
A. independent of other health-compromising behaviours.

B. likely to occur in the presence of peers.
C. an effort to maintain a positive mood.
D. unrelated to individual differences in personality.
E. likely to occur in relation to drinking behaviour.

31. "Chippers"
A. is a term used to describe usually light smokers.

B. do not have the same risk factors as other smokers.
C. are declining in number.
D. are individuals who consume more than 20 cigarettes a day.
E. are more likely to eat while consuming cigarettes.

32. Fiissel and Lafreniere (2006) suggested that women who report that they smoke to control their
appetite and weight
A. internalized the prescribed cultural standards of thinness.

B. are overweight or obese.
C. have eating disorders.
D. have a family history of eating disorders.
E. are more likely to come from single parent households.

33. Adolescents are more likely to smoke if
A. their parents smoke.

B. they have a lower SES.
C. there has been a major stressor in the family.
D. they feel social pressure to smoke.

34. The two "windows of opportunity" for beginning smoking are
A. late elementary and high school.

B. high school and beginning university.
C. late elementary school and beginning university.
D. high school and the ages 23-28.
E. there is only one window of opportunity.

35. Nicotine alters levels of active neuroregulators which
A. enhances memory.
B. reduces anxiety and tension.
C. improves mood.
D. improves psychomotor performance.

36. Evaluations of the effect of mass media anti-smoking messages suggest that they
A. provide information to smokers about health habits but have little effect on attitudes about
smoking.
B. provide information about health habits to the general population but have little effect on
anyone's behaviour.
C. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth from beginning to smoke.
D. provide information about health habits and discourage adult non-smokers from beginning to
smoke.
E. provide information about health habits and discouraging youth and adult non-smokers from
beginning to smoke.

37. The use of transdermal nicotine patches
A. produces a sharper rise in nicotine level than does cigarette smoking.

B. does not produce significant gains in smoking cessation.
C. produces significant smoking cessation.
D. is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than is smoking.
E. was the first tool used for smoke cessation.

38. In which stage of Prochaska's transtheoretical model of behaviour change would information about
the adverse health consequences of smoking would be the most effective to provide to smokers?
A. precontemplation
B. contemplation
C. action
D. preparation
E. maintenance

39. Ex-smokers are more likely to be successful over the short term if they have
A. a supportive partner.
B. non-smoking supportive friends.
C. smoking supportive friends.
D. a supportive partner and non-smoking supportive friends.
E. a regular exercise routine.

40. The best predictor of long-term abstinence among smokers is
A. social support.
B. environmental support.
C. self-efficacy.
D. remaining vigilant about not smoking.
E. strength of intention to quit.

41. Physicians and other health care professionals are less helpful in controlling smoking as could be
expected because
A. many smokers do not listen to them.

B. they rarely give advice to smokers.
C. they do not always have a negative attitude towards smoking.
D. almost all believe they would not be able to motivate people.
E. there is no time to discuss this on a routine visit.

42. Programs that provide materials to smokers so that they can quit on their own
A. are too haphazard in nature to be successful.

B. have been found to have higher initial quit rates than cognitive-behavioural interventions.
C. have been found to be as successful as cognitive-behavioural interventions in terms of long-
term maintenance.
D. have the same impact as cognitive-behavioural interventions but are not as cost effective.
E. have been found to have high long-term relapse rates.

43. More than _______________ Canadians successfully quit smoking each year.
A. fifty thousand
B. one hundred thousand
C. two hundred thousand
D. half a million
E. one million

44. Those who quit smoking on their own
A. appear to be more successful in maintaining abstinence than participants in smoking cessation

programs.
B. have high levels of self-control that is related to low relapse rates.
C. are more likely to have a socially supportive network that smokes.
D. have strong beliefs in the health benefits of stopping smoking.
E. are more likely to be women.

45. Social influence intervention programs often use the principle of behavioural inoculation. According
to this principle, exposing individuals to a(an)
A. strong persuasive message ensures that they will internalize the message.
B. boring, repetitive persuasive message ensures that they will become desensitized to the
message.
C. one-sided message ensures that uncommitted individuals will more likely be persuaded by the
message.
D. weak version of a persuasive message ensures that they will develop counterarguments to resist
a stronger version of the message.
E. continued message for at least 6 weeks will ensure they will internalize the message.

46. A popular new method for reducing smoking is referred to as
A. yap patching.
B. nicco-resting.
C. vaping.
D. e-niccorettes.
E. halo smoking.

47. The social influence intervention program highlights
A. the adverse effects of smoking on health.

B. the financial costs of smoking.
C. the negative social consequences of smoking.
D. how advertisers use subtle techniques, hopefully so students will be more able to resist cigarette
advertising.

48. Which of the following harm reduction alternatives to smoking provides a promising and safer option
to quitting?
A. Nicco-rest patches.
B. Nicotine gum.
C. Visual reality.
D. E-cigarettes.
E. There are no safe alternatives to smoking.

49. Evaluation of social influence programs suggests that
A. adolescent smoking rates are unaffected.

B. fewer adolescents begin smoking after exposure to such programs.
C. adolescent smoking rates are reduced for up to four years.
D. programs are needed that will reach the child destined to become a regular smoker.
E. these programs may delay smoking but do not necessarily reduce overall smoking rates.

50. The life-skills-training approach teaches adolescents
A. social skills.
B. refusal skills.
C. coping enhancement.
D. self-esteem.

51. Passive smoking (second-hand smoke) has been found to be associated with
A. normal blood carbon monoxide levels.

B. increased pulmonary functioning.
C. elevated skin plasticity.
D. childhood obesity.
E. increased rates of lung cancer.

52. Anorexia nervosa
A. is caused by amenorrhea.
B. is characterized by the binge-and-purge syndrome.
C. is characterized by reduced interest in food and restricted physical activity.
D. is characterized by dieting and exercising that results in weight loss that is significantly below
optimal levels.
E. has a purely environmental etiology.

53. Anorexia has been found to be correlated with
A. body image disturbance.

B. high blood pressure and heart reactivity to stress.
C. self-esteem.
D. depression and anxiety.

54. Initial therapy for anorexia is focused on weight gain and usually uses a _______________ approach.
A. cognitive
B. family therapy
C. psychodynamic
D. behavioural
E. person-centered

55. Bulimia is correlated with
A. stress.
B. amenorrhea.
C. perfectionism.
D. obsession.
E. alcoholism.

56. Most therapies for anorexia utilize _______________, whereas _______________ appears to be the most
effective treatment for bulimia.
A. behavioural therapy; medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy

B. medication; behavioural therapy
C. medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy; inpatient treatment
D. medication and inpatient treatment; cognitive-behavioural therapy
E. person-centered therapy; behavioural therapy

57. Many health-compromising behaviours share several important characteristics. Describe these
characteristics and the implications for intervention programs.
Answers may vary

58. Explain the consequences of illicit drug use.
Answers may vary

59. Identify and describe the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors implicated in alcohol
abuse.
Answers may vary
60. Explain the problem of relapse in the treatment of alcohol abuse. Which intervention strategies
address this problem most effectively? Substantiate your answer with research from the text.
Answers may vary
61. Answer the question posed in the text: "Why do people smoke?"
Answers may vary
62. Describe the factors associated with smoking in adolescence. Evaluate the effectiveness of
prevention programs targeting adolescents.
Answers may vary
63. Describe the similarities and differences of anorexia and bulimia, including causes, symptoms, and
treatment.
Answers may vary

Test Bank for Health Psychology 3rd Canadian Edition
Chapter 5 Summary
Category # of Questions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 56
Learning Objective: 05-01 Identify the characteristics of health-compromising behaviours 4
Learning Objective: 05-02 Describe and define substance dependence 6
Learning Objective: 05-03 Understand how alcoholism and problem drinking compromise health 15
Learning Objective: 05-04 Explain how smoking is harmful for health and what factors influence smoking 30
Learning Objective: 05-05 Describe eating disorders 8
Taylor - Chapter 05 63
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1. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for health compromising behaviours.

3. Harm reduction focuses on completely eliminating substance use.

4. There are four main classes of illicit drugs.

8. Smokers have more accidents and injuries at work,

9. Anorexia nervosa is classified as an obsessive disorder.

11. Alcohol abuse and smoking share a window of vulnerability in

13. Psychoactive substances

A. injection drug use

A. Shirley, whose identical twin, Fran, is an alcoholic

A. negative life events

A. less likely to control their drinking on their own.

18. The goals of broad-spectrum cognitive-behavioural therapy of alcohol abuse include

A. reducing the reinforcement associated with alcohol.

A. modify the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter.

A. one to two weeks.

A. limiting drinks to a prescribed number

24. Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with

A. increased risk from coronary artery disease.

A. increase the chance of healing alcoholism and problem drinking.

26. _______________ is/are the single greatest cause of preventable death.

A. decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) production.

A. smoking in all groups has continued to increase.

30. Smoking among adolescents is

A. independent of other health-compromising behaviours.

A. is a term used to describe usually light smokers.

A. internalized the prescribed cultural standards of thinness.

33. Adolescents are more likely to smoke if

A. their parents smoke.

34. The two "windows of opportunity" for beginning smoking are

A. late elementary and high school.

37. The use of transdermal nicotine patches

A. produces a sharper rise in nicotine level than does cigarette smoking.

40. The best predictor of long-term abstinence among smokers is

A. many smokers do not listen to them.

A. are too haphazard in nature to be successful.

44. Those who quit smoking on their own

A. appear to be more successful in maintaining abstinence than participants in smoking cessation

46. A popular new method for reducing smoking is referred to as

A. the adverse effects of smoking on health.

49. Evaluation of social influence programs suggests that

A. adolescent smoking rates are unaffected.

50. The life-skills-training approach teaches adolescents

A. normal blood carbon monoxide levels.

52. Anorexia nervosa

53. Anorexia has been found to be correlated with

A. body image disturbance.

A. behavioural therapy; medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy

58. Explain the consequences of illicit drug use.

1. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable time for health compromising behaviours.

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3. Harm reduction focuses on completely eliminating substance use.

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