Nutrition Applied Approach 4th Edition Thompson Manore Test Bank

Nutrition Applied Approach 4th Edition Thompson

Manore Test Bank

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Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of what substance in and out 1)
of the muscle cell?
A) iron B) phosphorus C) chloride D) calcium
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

2) Which is NOT a symptom of low blood pressure? 2)

A) confusion B) dizziness C) lethargy D) stroke
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3) The two electrolytes that enable nerves to respond to stimuli are sodium and 3)
A) chloride. B) potassium. C) iron. D) phosphorus.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

4) Which of the following does NOT explain why infants have a higher risk of dehydration than 4)
healthy young and middle-aged adults?
A) Infants respond more dramatically to heat and cold than adults.
B) Infants have a lower proportion of body water than adults.
C) Infants have a greater ratio of body surface area to core body areas.
D) Infants excrete urine at a higher rate than adults.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

1
5) The agency that sets and monitors standards for city water systems is the 5)
A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
B) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).
C) Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
D) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

6) A potentially fatal condition characterized by the failure of the body's heat-regulating mechanisms 6)
is heat
A) hypertension. B) dehydration. C) stroke. D) fever.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

7) Which of the following individuals is at risk for hyperkalemia? 7)

A) an individual with kidney disease
B) a newborn
C) an individual who has a diet rich in processed foods
D) a marathon runner
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

8) Up to what percentage of an adult's healthy body weight is fluid? 8)

A) 30 B) 40 C) 70 D) 20
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

9) On average, which of the following individuals would have the highest percentage of body water? 9)
A) 35-year-old overweight woman B) 35-year-old lean man
C) 35-year-old lean woman D) 35-year-old overweight man
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

2
10) Which of the following substances is characterized by its ability to move freely and adapt to the 10)
shape of the vessel that contains it?
A) a fluid B) an ion C) a diuretic D) an electrolyte
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

11) Ian is hospitalized for dehydration after experiencing severe vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the 11)
following is NOT associated with Ian's dehydrated condition?
A) Fluid will be lost from the extracellular fluid environment.
B) The intracellular fluid will leave the cells creating a fluid imbalance.
C) The fluid imbalance will result in an irregular heartbeat.
D) The extracellular electrolyte concentration will be very low.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

12) Hyponatremia is associated with 12)

A) overhydration. B) excessive intake of dietary sodium.
C) dehydration. D) insufficient intake of dietary sodium.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

13) The water that comes from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs is characterized as what kind of water? 13)
A) distilled B) spring C) surface D) ground
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

14) The major electrolyte lost in sweat is 14)

A) potassium. B) chloride. C) phosphorus. D) sodium.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

3
15) What is fluid that flows between the cells of tissues and organs? 15)
A) ionic fluid B) intracellular fluid
C) interstitial fluid D) intravascular fluid
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

16) The MOST serious type of heat illness is heat 16)

A) syncope. B) cramps. C) exhaustion. D) stroke.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

17) Which of the following acids is major form of phosphorus found in plant foods? 17)
A) synovial acid B) phytic acid
C) hydrochloric acid D) phosphoric acid
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

18) MOST water is lost daily via the 18)

A) skin. B) colon. C) lungs. D) kidneys.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

19) Mary drinks 600 ml of water. How many cups is this equivalent to? 19)
A) 2 cups B) 2-1/2 cups C) 1 cup D) 3 cups
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

20) Sports drinks are a combination of fluid, carbohydrate, and 20)

A) ions. B) diuretics. C) phytic acid. D) electrolytes.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

4
21) Which of the following does NOT describe tissue fluid? 21)
A) synovial fluid found within joints B) fluid that flows between cells
C) fluid that is also called interstitial fluid D) fluid that is found in the blood stream
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

22) Which of the following is a diuretic? 22)

A) alcohol B) water C) milk D) orange juice
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

23) Which of the following stimulates the thirst mechanism? 23)

A) decreased concentration of solutes in the blood
B) eating sweet-tasting foods
C) dryness of the mouth and throat tissues
D) elevated blood volume and pressure
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

24) A condition characterized by dangerously high potassium levels in the blood is 24)
A) hypokalemia. B) hyponatremia. C) hypernatremia. D) hyperkalemia.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

25) Which is NOT a function of chloride? 25)

A) transmits nerve impulses
B) used in public water supplies to kill harmful bacteria
C) in the form of hydrochloric acid, prepares food for digestion
D) assists in regulating the body's fluid balance
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

5
26) Diets high in sodium are associated with 26)
A) diabetes mellitus. B) high blood pressure.
C) obesity. D) breast cancer.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

27) The major intracellular positively charged electrolyte is 27)

A) chloride. B) sodium. C) potassium. D) phosphorus.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

28) Which of the following is an example of insensible water loss? 28)

A) internal bleeding B) urination
C) respiration D) production of feces in the large intestine
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

29) The majority of our body's phosphorus is stored in the 29)

A) blood. B) bones. C) liver. D) kidneys.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

30) What is the primary reason we sweat? 30)

A) to excrete waste products B) to regulate body temperature
C) to maintain blood volume D) to maintain sodium balance
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

31) Diets rich in which of the following nutrients are associated with maintaining healthy blood 31)
pressure levels?
A) sodium B) potassium C) chloride D) phosphorus
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

6
32) Which of the following is NOT a mechanism to maintain the body's internal temperature? 32)
A) Fluid is evaporated as sweat from the skin's surface, thus cooling the body.
B) Fluid acts as a coolant by increasing the blood flow from the warm body core to the
peripheral tissue, thus cooling the body.
C) Warmed fluids from the body's surface return to the body's core, thus heating the body.
D) Fluid has a high capacity for heat, so it requires a great deal of energy to raise its temperature.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

33) The "command center" of fluid intake is located in the 33)

A) kidneys. B) hypothalamus. C) adrenal glands. D) skin.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

34) A condition characterized by very high blood sodium levels is 34)

A) hyperkalemia. B) hypokalemia. C) hypernatremia. D) hyponatremia.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

35) The release of which of the following nutrients from extracellular fluid stimulates muscle 35)
contraction?
A) potassium B) phosphorus C) calcium D) sodium
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

36) What is the function of synovial fluid? 36)

A) maintains blood volume B) maintains body temperature
C) transports nutrients through the body D) lubricates body joints
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

7
37) A water-treatment method in which water is filtered through a screen to eliminate chemical 37)
contaminants and microorganisms is known as
A) distillation filtration. B) reverse filtration.
C) micron filtration. D) ozonation filtration.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

38) Which of the following foods contains the lowest amount of sodium? 38)
A) 1 medium fresh orange B) 1 oz of potato chips
C) 1 large dill pickle D) 1 cup of canned vegetable soup
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

39) Which of the following does NOT contribute to dehydration? 39)

A) diabetes B) hypernatremia C) laxative abuse D) sunburn
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

40) Bert goes to the gym and works out strenuously for about 45 minutes. After his exercise session he 40)
weighs himself and notices that he has lost a pound. How much fluid should he drink to rehydrate
his body?
A) 4 cups B) 3 cups C) 1 cup D) 2 cups
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

41) Which of the following is NOT a major function of sodium? 41)

A) maintains normal heart rhythm B) maintains acid-base balance
C) assists in muscle contraction D) maintains fluid balance
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

8
42) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding phosphorus? 42)
A) Humans absorb about 50% of the phosphorus from plant sources.
B) Phosphorus from animal sources is more readily absorbed than the phosphorus from plant
sources.
C) Bacteria in the large intestine can break down the phosphorus from plant sources.
D) On average, Americans do not consume enough phosphorus in their diets.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

43) Which of the following will likely result if the concentration of electrolytes outside the cell is higher 43)
than in the intracellular environment?
A) The cell will undergo mitosis and divide. B) The cell will be unaffected.
C) The cell will shrink and dry up. D) The cell will burst.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

44) Of the following ethnic groups, which has the highest risk of developing hypertension? 44)
A) African American B) Asian
C) Hispanic D) Caucasian
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

45) Which of the following is a substance that increases fluid loss via the urine? 45)
A) diuretic B) solvent C) plasma D) synovial fluid
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

46) Which of the following individuals will benefit the MOST from consuming a sports beverage? 46)
A) athlete who exercises intensely for more than one hour
B) adult who participates in regular physical activity 30 minutes a day
C) child who will not drink milk
D) elderly person who is taking a diuretic
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

9
47) Which of the following statements about the movement of substances through the cell membrane is 47)
TRUE?
A) Water freely moves across cell membranes.
B) Water and electrolytes cannot move across cell membranes.
C) Water moves across the cell membranes only through protein channels.
D) Electrolytes freely move across cell membranes.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

48) The majority of dietary chloride is consumed from 48)

A) vitamin supplements. B) animal protein sources.
C) alcohol. D) table salt.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

49) Matt has just been diagnosed with hypertension, and his physician has instructed him to reduce his 49)
sodium intake. Which of the following would be good advice for Matt?
A) Snack on fresh fruits and vegetables instead of salty snacks.
B) Eat canned creamed corn instead of fresh.
C) Do not rinse canned beans with cold water before eating.
D) Eat a variety of canned and dried soups.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

50) Water functions as an excellent solvent, which means that 50)

A) water flushes toxins out of the body.
B) water helps to maintain blood volume.
C) most solutes (particles) will dissolve in water.
D) water helps to regulate body temperature.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

10
51) After completing a 10K run, Bonita notices that her urine is brown and similar to the color of cola. 51)
What does this indicate about Bonita's hydration status?
A) She may be inadequately hydrated and needs to replace fluids.
B) She is well hydrated.
C) She is suffering from severe dehydration and needs treatment immediately.
D) The color of urine is not a reliable indicator of hydration status.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

52) The swelling of tissues associated with hypernatremia is known as 52)

A) edema. B) repolarization. C) osmosis. D) depolarization.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

53) The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward solutes is called 53)
A) distillation. B) filtration. C) depolarization. D) osmosis.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

54) Water has a high heat capacity. What does this term mean? 54)
A) Water transports the energy-yielding nutrients throughout the body.
B) Water heats up or cools down very quickly.
C) Water provides a useful source of stored kilocalories.
D) Water is resistant to changes in temperature.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

55) Which of the following do sodium and potassium NOT have in common? 55)
A) Rich sources of both include fresh foods, such as bananas, cantaloupe, and potatoes.
B) Both are involved in nerve transmission.
C) Both participate in maintaining fluid balance.
D) Both are major electrolytes in the body.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

11
 56) Widely distributed in many foods, phosphorous is especially abundant in foods dense in 56)
A) phytic acid. B) protein. C) fat. D) carbohydrate.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

57) Which of the following is the MOST effective method used in removing waterborne 57)
microorganisms from bottled water?
A) deionization B) exchange C) filtration D) reverse osmosis
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

58) Drinking eight glasses of fluid each day ensures that all healthy adults will meet their fluid needs. 58)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

59) Processed foods tend to be low in sodium and high in potassium. 59)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

60) Consuming too much sodium will result in hypernatremia in most healthy individuals. 60)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

61) Typically, water moves from areas of low concentration of solutes toward areas of higher 61)
concentration of solutes.
Answer: True False
Explanation:

62) We consume the majority of our dietary chloride from fruits and vegetables. 62)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

63) Lean individuals have a higher percentage of body water than obese individuals. 63)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

64) Quenching thirst assures adequate fluid intake. 64)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

12
65) The liquid portion of the blood is called plasma. 65)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

66) Sports drinks are not necessary for individuals who engage in little or no exercise. 66)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

67) Individuals taking diuretics should always increase their dietary potassium intake. 67)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

68) Bottled water is safer to drink than tap water. 68)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

69) Phosphorus is a negatively charged electrolyte. 69)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

70) Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of potassium. 70)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

71) Two-thirds of body fluids consist of extracellular fluid. 71)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

72) Congestive heart failure and kidney disease are risk factors for hypernatremia. 72)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

73) The body obtains metabolic water directly by consuming fluids and foods. 73)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

74) When solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the cell membrane, osmosis begins. 74)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

75) Lean tissue contains a lower percentage of fluid compared with fat tissue. 75)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

76) Extreme dehydration, vomiting, and diarrhea can result in hypokalemia. 76)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

13
 77) Individuals with hypertension should limit their dietary sodium intake to less than 1.5 grams a day. 77)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

78) A diet rich in potassium has been shown to help maintain a healthy blood pressure. 78)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

79) Sodium and chloride are the predominant electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. 79)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

80) Fluids move freely in and out of cells. 80)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

81) Most Americans exceed the dietary recommendations for sodium. 81)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

82) Sodium is an essential nutrient necessary for human health. 82)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

83) What are sports beverages? Which individuals might benefit from using these products, and which populations
do not benefit?
Answer: Answers will vary.

84) Liz has recently been diagnosed with hypertension and told to cut back on her dietary sodium. Detail practical
suggestions that would help Liz reduce her sodium intake.
Answer: Answers will vary.

85) How do electrolytes function in controlling fluid balance in the body?

Answer: Answers will vary.

86) Describe the conditions and the related symptoms associated with consuming excessive amounts of sodium and
potassium. Inadequate intakes of these major minerals can cause problems as well. Describe the conditions and
related symptoms associated with too little sodium and potassium intake.
Answer: Answers will vary.

87) Describe the ways in which the healthy body loses fluid. How can changes in environmental conditions affect
fluid loss?
Answer: Answers will vary.

88) Describe five roles that water plays in the proper functioning of the body.
Answer: Answers will vary.

14
89) What are the factors you should consider before purchasing bottled water?
Answer: Answers will vary.

15
Answer Key
Testname: C7

1) D
2) D
3) B
4) B
5) D
6) C
7) A
8) C
9) B
10) A
11) D
12) A
13) C
14) D
15) C
16) D
17) B
18) D
19) B
20) D
21) D
22) A
23) C
24) D
25) B
26) B
27) C
28) B
29) B
30) B
31) B
32) C
33) B
34) C
35) C
36) D
37) C
38) A
39) B
40) B
41) A
42) D
43) C
44) A
45) A
46) A
47) A
48) D
49) A
50) C
16
Nutrition Applied Approach 4th Edition Thompson Manore Test Bank

Answer Key
Testname: C7

51) C
52) A
53) D
54) D
55) A
56) B
57) D
58) FALSE
59) FALSE
60) FALSE
61) TRUE
62) FALSE
63) TRUE
64) FALSE
65) TRUE
66) TRUE
67) FALSE
68) FALSE
69) TRUE
70) TRUE
71) FALSE
72) TRUE
73) FALSE
74) FALSE
75) FALSE
76) TRUE
77) TRUE
78) TRUE
79) TRUE
80) TRUE
81) TRUE
82) TRUE
83) Answers will vary.
84) Answers will vary.
85) Answers will vary.
86) Answers will vary.
87) Answers will vary.
88) Answers will vary.
89) Answers will vary.

17

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