Immigration

Listening and Notetaking

 Discussion

1. Which countries do people migrate to the most?

2. Why do people usually migrate to a new country?

3. Do Turkish people migrate a lot to other countries? If yes, why and

where?
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Persecution (n)
■ to treat someone cruelly or unfairly especially because of race
or religious or political beliefs

■ persecute (v): The country's leaders

relentlessly persecuted those who fought against the regime.

■ They were victims of religious persecution.

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Settler (n)
■ a person who goes to live in a new place where usually there
are few or no people

■ settle (v): His grandparents were immigrants from Germany

who settled in Pennsylvania.

■ settlement (n): This was the island's first colonial settlement.

■ The first European settlers arrived in Virginia in the USA in 1607.

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Colonist (n)
■ a person who lives in a colony

■ colony (n): Massachusetts was one of the original 13 British colonies that
later became the United States.

■ colonize (v): England colonized Australia.

■ Trautenau was founded by German colonists invited to settle there by King

Otto Kar II.
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Stage (n)

■ to happen at a specific point or period in the growth or development

of something

■ For some people, adolescence is the hardest stage of their lives.

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Widespread (adj.)
■ common over a wide area or among many people

■ Taking a selfie during any kind of social activities has become

a widespread habit.
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Scarcity (n)
■ a very small supply

■ scarce (adj.): Food was getting scarce during the drought.

■ scarcely (adv.): He had scarcely enough money.

■ The scarcity of water is one of the major problems in Africa these

days.
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Abundance (n)
■ a large amount of something

■ abundant (adj.): Carrefour has an abundant supply of food.

■ abundantly (adv.): The flowers are blooming abundantly.

■ Istanbul has an abundance of fine restaurants.

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Expand (v)
■ to increase in size, range, or amount / to become bigger

■ expansion (n): The expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the 1500s

was rapid

■ In 1989, some countries tried to expand their territory by starting

wars against other countries.
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Citizen (n)

■ a person who legally belongs to a country and has the rights and
protection of that country

■ Citizens should vote if they want better public services.

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Quota (n)
■ an official limit on the number or amount of people or things that
are allowed

■ He lost his driver's license because he exceeded the quota of

traffic violations.

■ The company has imposed quotas on hiring.

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Eliminate (v)
■ to get rid of something

■ elimination (n): Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.

■ He eliminated all cookies and chips from his diet in order to be healthier.
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Share (n)
■ part of something

■ share (v): We shared the money equally.

■ He decided to leave the company because he wasn’t happy with his

share of the total profit.
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Sanctions (n)
■ an action that is taken to force people to obey laws by giving
consequences

■ sanction (v): The United Nations sanctioned the country for their human
rights violations.

■ The United Nations has decided to impose trade and

economic sanctions on the country.
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Decline (n)
■ becoming lower in amount or less in number

■ decline (v): The number of tourists in Antalya declined dramatically

due to the financial crisis in Russia.

■ Fortunately, the new law about smoking will lead to a decline in the
number of people who smoke.
 Vocabulary
1. persecution
Sometimes people immigrate to a new country to escape political or religious __________________.
2. settlers
Rather than immigrants, the early __________________ from Great Britain considered themselves
colonists
__________________: they had left home to settle new land for the mother country.
3. stages
The so-called Great Immigration, which can be divided into three _________________, or time periods,
began about 1830 and lasted till about 1930.
4. widespread
The Industrial Revolution, which began in the 19th century, caused _____________________ unemployment
as machines replaced workers.
5. scarcity
The __________________ of farmland in Europe caused many people to immigrate to the United States,
abundance of available land.
where there was an _________________
6. expanding westward.
Land in the United States was plentiful and available when the country was _________________
citizens
In fact, the U.S. government offered free public land to _________________ in 1862.
7. widespread starvation.
The failure of the Irish potato crop in the middle of the 19th century caused __________________
8. The first law that limited the number of immigrants coming from a certain part of the world was the
quotas
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, but in 1965 strict ___________________ based on nationality were
eliminated
__________________.
9. share
This is the largest number of immigrants in history, although the ______________________ of the total
population, 12.8 percent, has been larger in the past.
10. sanctions
Strict anti-immigration laws at the state or federal level and ____________________ against employers who
decline
hire illegal immigrants could lead to a _______________________ in immigration to the United States.
 Note-taking Tips
1. Use the first part of words 6. Whole numbers
• politics → pol • Thirty-seven million → 37M or 37 mil
2. Use the start and end of the Word • Four hundred ninety-five thousand → 495K or
• gov’t → government 495,000
3. Eliminate vowels 7. Fractions
• schl → school • Three fourths / three-quarters → 3/4
• prblm → problem • Two-thirds → 2/3
4. Use your own abbreviation • One and a half → 1 1/2
• immigration → img 8. Percentages
5. Use symbols • Thirteen point four percent → 13.4%
• Δ change 9. Ratios
• ↑ increase • Two out of ten → 2:10
• ↓ decrease
• → leads to
• \ therefore
• > more than
• < less than
 Lecture

? Listen to the lecture and take notes.

 Comprehension Questions A and B
1. During the first stage of the Great Immigration,
____________________________.
a) the number of immigrants stayed the same over the years
b) people from Ireland migrated to the USA most
c) only about 10,000 people a year came to the USA

O
d) the 1850s was the period when 2,600,000 people came
2. From 1860 to 1890, ____________________________.
a) the number of people from Great Britain and Germany declined significantly

O
b) there was a significant number of immigrants from Scandinavian countries
c) new arrivals came from countries such as Portugal, Poland and Italy
d) there were strict laws about immigration from Great Britain
3. The government offered public land free to potential citizens in
1862. T/F O
4. Tourist attractions is given as the last reason for the high rate of
immigration. T/F O
 Comprehension Questions C
7. After the Great Immigration, the total number of immigrants
changed from _______
9 to ______
11 million people within 30
years.

8. According to statistics, the majority of 40 million immigrants

came to the USA by __________________________
legal and illegal methods.

9. _________________
Mexico was the country to send the highest
numbers of immigrants between 2000 and 2010.

10. Being able to reach _______________________

public services was a primary
reason some people immigrate to the U.S. in the first
decade of this century.
 Comprehension Questions D
? Write down two factors that could cause an increase in immigration to the USA in
the future. Write no more than two words.

9. ______________________________
global warming
10. ______________________________
social unrest
 Discussion

1. After listening to the lecture, is immigration good or bad for the

United States?

2. What kind of challenges do immigrants face in a new country or

culture?