NAME: ONIFADE OLUWATOBI JUDE

CLASS: SSS3

PROJECT TYPE: BOOK REVIEW

BOOK: THE ADVENTURE OF ROBINSON CRUSOE

CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 PLOT
 CHAPTERS SUMMARY
 THEME
 CRITIC
 WRITING STYLE
 CHARACTERS

INTRODUCTION
The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" is a novel written by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1719. It is one of the
earliest and most well-known works of English literature, often regarded as the first modern English novel. The
story is presented as an autobiography and is a fictionalized account of the adventures of a mariner named
Robinson Crusoe.

This book tells the story of a young and adventurous Englishman named Robinson Crusoe who sets out on a sea
voyage against his family's wishes in the 17th century. After a series of shipwrecks and misadventures, he finds
himself stranded on a remote, uninhabited island.

Alone and with only a few salvaged supplies, Robinson must use his resourcefulness and survival skills to endure
the harsh conditions of the island. He learns to build shelter, find food, and confront the challenges of isolation.
Over time, he befriends a native islander named Friday, and together, they build a life on the island.

The novel explores Robinson's physical and psychological journey as he faces loneliness, grapples with his faith,
and reflects on his past decisions. While surviving on the island, he also battles hostile natives and pirates.
Throughout these challenges, Robinson's character evolves, and he learns the importance of resilience and self-
reliance.

As the years pass, Robinson's hope of rescue diminishes, but he refuses to give in to despair. Instead, he becomes a
master of his environment, and his time on the island becomes a journey of self-discovery. Eventually, he is rescued
and returns to civilization, forever changed by his experiences.

"The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" is a classic tale of survival, self-discovery, and resilience, showcasing the
enduring power of the human spirit in the face of adversity.
 PLOT
In the bustling port city of York in the early 17th century, a young and ambitious Englishman named Robinson
Crusoe is restless. He longs for a life of adventure and dreams of exploring the world beyond his humble
upbringing. Despite his family's objections, he embarks on a journey that takes him across the Atlantic Ocean,
seeking fortune and freedom.

Robinson's initial voyage is filled with the thrill of discovery, but it quickly turns into a harrowing ordeal. His ship
encounters a violent storm, and he is the sole survivor of a shipwreck, washing up on a remote and uninhabited
island in the Caribbean.

Alone and stranded on the desolate island, Robinson Crusoe is forced to confront his dire circumstances. With little
more than the wreckage of the ship, his wits, and his determination, he begins to build a new life for himself. He
learns to secure shelter, find food, and make clothing from the resources available on the island.

As the years pass, Crusoe's survival skills improve, and he manages to domesticate animals and cultivate crops. He
names the island "Crusoe Island" and begins to establish a solitary routine. However, the isolation takes a toll on
his mental and emotional well-being, and he grapples with the haunting solitude of his existence.

One day, Crusoe discovers human footprints on the beach, signaling the presence of other inhabitants on the island.
His initial excitement gives way to fear and paranoia as he realizes that these potential inhabitants might not be
friendly. He decides to set up defenses and covertly observes the newcomers, discovering that they are a group of
indigenous people living on the island.

Torn between the desire for companionship and the fear of being captured, Crusoe carefully approaches one of the
indigenous men, whom he later names Friday. Through a series of gestures and signs, Crusoe and Friday manage to
communicate, and Crusoe eventually helps Friday escape from danger. Their bond grows, and they become allies,
with Friday learning English and Crusoe learning about the island's resources from him.

Together, Crusoe and Friday fend off various challenges, from confrontations with other indigenous tribes to
surviving the elements. Over time, Crusoe reflects on his past and the choices that led him to this isolated existence,
ultimately finding a sense of spiritual awakening.

Years pass, and after a series of adventures and near escapes, Crusoe and Friday are finally rescued by a passing
ship. Robinson Crusoe returns to civilization, forever changed by his experiences, and the tale of his incredible
adventure becomes legendary.

"The Adventure of Robinson Crusoe" is a timeless story of survival, self-discovery, and the enduring human spirit. It
explores themes of isolation, companionship, resilience, and the transformative power of adversity in the quest for
meaning and purpose in life.

PROLOGUE

In the annals of literature, there exists a timeless tale of resilience, survival, and the indomitable human
spirit. It is a story that has captured the hearts and minds of countless generations, inspiring both the
adventurous and the contemplative, a narrative of one man's solitary struggle against the forces of nature
and the human condition. This is the extraordinary adventure of Robinson Crusoe.

Set against the backdrop of the 17th century, a period defined by exploration, colonization, and the age of
discovery, our tale begins in the bustling port city of York. It is here that we are introduced to a young,
headstrong, and ambitious Englishman named Robinson Crusoe. He is a man driven by a relentless desire
for adventure, longing for a life beyond the confines of his modest upbringing.
The siren call of the sea beckons Crusoe, and he embarks on a journey that takes him across the Atlantic
Ocean, setting the stage for a narrative that will forever etch his name into the annals of literary history.
Little does he know that the voyage he embarks upon will soon turn into a harrowing ordeal, testing his
mettle in ways he could never have imagined.

Shipwrecked on a remote, uninhabited island in the Caribbean, Crusoe finds himself cast away from
civilization. The once-proud and ambitious young man is reduced to a castaway, forced to contend with
the primal forces of nature, his own limitations, and the stark solitude of his new existence. With little
more than his wits, ingenuity, and determination, Robinson Crusoe must learn to master his environment,
fend for himself, and confront the ghosts of his past.

As the seasons come and go on this deserted isle, Crusoe's tale unfolds—a chronicle of survival, self-
discovery, and the profound transformations that can occur in the crucible of solitude. His story is a
testament to the human capacity for adaptation, resilience, and the relentless pursuit of hope, even in the
direst of circumstances.

Join us as we delve into the gripping narrative of Robinson Crusoe, a tale of adventure and exploration
that transcends time and culture. It is a testament to the power of the human spirit and the unyielding
determination to overcome the challenges that life hurls in our path. In this saga of a castaway's epic
journey, we find not only an adventure but also the timeless reflections on the essence of human existence
and the unquenchable thirst for the unknown.

CHAPTER SUMMARY
CHAPTER 1

My First Sea Voyage. In this chapter, the narrator, Robinson Crusoe, begins to recount his life story. He tells of his
early years and how, despite his father's wishes for him to lead a safe and quiet life as a lawyer, he becomes
enamored with the idea of going to sea. Young Robinson Crusoe expresses a strong desire for adventure and a
longing to explore the world. His decision to embark on a sea voyage is met with resistance from his family,
particularly his father, who is concerned about the risks associated with a life at sea. However, Crusoe's
determination wins over his own desires, and he leaves home against his family's wishes. This chapter sets the
stage for the adventure that follows, as Robinson Crusoe's journey at sea is just the beginning of his many
adventures and trials as a castaway on a deserted island. It introduces the theme of individualism and the
protagonist's adventurous spirit, which will play a significant role throughout the novel.

CHAPTER 2

Robinson Crusoe continues his life at sea and shares his experiences as he sets out on another voyage. This time, he
joins a fleet of ships in pursuit of slaves on the west coast of Africa. During this voyage, his ship encounters a group
of Portuguese pirates who attack and capture the crew, including Crusoe. The pirates take Crusoe and the other
prisoners to be sold as slaves in the Portuguese city of Sallee. He describes the harsh conditions of captivity, where
he and the other prisoners are treated poorly and have little hope of escape. During this time, Crusoe remains
determined to find a way to regain his freedom. This chapter marks a significant turning point in Crusoe's life, as he
transitions from a life at sea to a life as a captive, setting the stage for his later adventures and his eventual isolation
on a desert island.

CHAPTER 3

Robinson Crusoe, describes his desperate situation after being marooned on the deserted island. He
discusses his initial attempts to swim back to the wrecked ship but is forced to return due to the strong
currents. Realizing he is now alone on the island; Crusoe is overwhelmed with grief and despair. Crusoe
takes stock of the few supplies he has managed to retrieve from the ship before it sank, which include
some tools, clothes, and food. He acknowledges that he has no idea whether other survivors from the
shipwreck have made it to the island. However, he soon realizes that he must adapt to his new
circumstances and decides to build a shelter, which he refers to as his castle. Robinson Crusoe's ingenuity
and resourcefulness start to shine through as he constructs his dwelling, utilizing available materials and
his tools. This chapter marks the beginning of Crusoe's solitary life on the island, and it highlights his
determination and resilience as he begins to come to terms with his isolation and the challenges of
survival.
CHAPTER 4

In this chapter, Robinson Crusoe describes his efforts to collect and salvage useful items from the
shipwreck. He realizes the importance of securing necessary supplies to survive on the deserted island. He
first begins by swimming back to the ship to retrieve various essential items, such as clothing, tools, and
weapons. He also manages to salvage a small supply of food and fresh water. Robinson soon realizes that
he is not only stranded on the island but is also isolated from any other human presence. He makes an
inventory of his possessions and takes stock of his situation. His resourcefulness becomes apparent as he
adapts and learns to use the tools and items he has recovered. This chapter is crucial in establishing the
theme of self-reliance and the development of Robinson Crusoe's survival skills as he learns to make use
of the limited resources available to him on the deserted island. It is the beginning of his solitary life on
the island, which will form the basis of his adventures in the rest of the story.

CHAPTER 5

Robinson Crusoe is determined to find a more secure and suitable place to build his shelter. He is initially
staying in a place he calls the "cave," but he realizes it's too exposed and not well-suited for his long-term
survival. Crusoe decides to explore the island further, looking for a better location. He takes some tools
and goes on a journey, where he encounters various natural resources such as timber and stone that could
be used for construction. Along the way, he also discovers a freshwater stream, which is essential for his
survival. After some time, Crusoe finds a spot on a small hill, which he believes would be an ideal place
to build his new home. It offers him a good vantage point for observation, making it easier to defend
against potential threats. He begins the laborious task of building a shelter, using the materials he has
gathered during his exploration. This chapter showcases Crusoe's resourcefulness and determination to
adapt to his challenging circumstances. It highlights his survival skills and his ability to make the best of
the resources available on the deserted island.

CHAPTER 6

Robinson Crusoe begins to focus on his survival and sustenance on the deserted island. He realizes that he
needs to find a way to feed himself, so he sets out to hunt for animals. He manages to fashion a makeshift
spear and begins his hunting expeditions. Crusoe's early attempts at hunting are not very successful, and
he learns the hard way about the challenges of hunting on the island. He describes his encounters with
various animals, including goats, but he is unable to catch any of them. He realizes that he needs to
improve his hunting skills and develop better strategies to secure a source of food. Crusoe's determination
and resourcefulness are highlighted in this chapter as he starts adapting to his new environment and the
challenges it presents. This chapter marks the beginning of his struggle for survival and self-sufficiency
on the deserted island.

CHAPTER 7
Robinson continues his efforts to adapt to life on the deserted island. He recognizes the need to learn new skills to
survive. Robinson begins by building a shelter to protect himself from the elements. He fashions stakes from the
trees and constructs a simple hut, which he calls his "castle. Robinson also starts to gather food and learns to hunt
and fish. He observes the island's flora and fauna, identifying edible plants and catching turtles, goats, and birds for
sustenance. He realizes the importance of having a steady food supply. As he becomes more resourceful, Robinson
also starts to keep a journal, recording his daily activities and thoughts. This journal becomes a vital means of
maintaining his sanity and keeping track of time.

CHAPTER 8

In this chapter, Robinson Crusoe begins to face the harsh realities of his isolation on the desert island. He
realizes that his initial abundance of supplies from the shipwreck is dwindling. His stock of provisions,
including food and tools, is running out, and he becomes concerned about his survival. Crusoe reflects on
his situation and decides to make a list of the remaining supplies he has, such as rice, a few tools, and
some weapons. He starts to ration his food, making it last as long as possible. He also begins to
experiment with farming by planting some of the grains he has. He notes that he needs to learn to be more
self-sufficient and find ways to sustain himself on the island for the long term. This chapter highlights the
theme of self-reliance and adaptation as Crusoe realizes the need to become more resourceful and creative
in order to survive in his solitary existence on the deserted island. It marks a turning point in his
understanding of the challenges he will face during his extended stay on the island.

CHAPTER 9

Crusoe, who has been living on the deserted island for a while, discovers a shocking and mysterious sight.
While he's exploring the shore of the island, he comes across a footprint in the sand. This footprint is not
his own, and it terrifies him because it means that he is not alone on the island. Crusoe's immediate
reaction is one of fear and paranoia. He worries that the island may be inhabited by cannibals, which
sends shivers down his spine. He becomes extremely cautious and starts building fortifications to protect
himself from potential dangers. This discovery of the footprint marks a turning point in his solitary
existence, as he now has to contend with the possibility of encountering other human beings, which could
be a threat or a potential source of rescue. This chapter serves as a crucial moment in the story,
introducing the element of fear and uncertainty into Crusoe's life as he grapples with the implications of
the mysterious footprint. It foreshadows future developments in his adventure on the deserted island.

CHAPTER 10

Robinson Crusoe describes his encounter with a group of savages on the island. He had been living there
for many years and had become accustomed to his solitary life. One day, while exploring the island, he
was shocked to come face to face with a group of nine savages who had arrived in canoes. Crusoe hid
behind some trees and observed them cautiously. He was afraid they might be hostile, but he soon
realized that they were not there to harm him. These savages appeared to be peaceful and unaware of his
presence. Crusoe watched as the savages set up a camp, made a fire, and cooked their food. They seemed
to have a hierarchical structure within their group, with one man appearing to be their leader. He also
noted that they were naked and used primitive tools and weapons. As Crusoe continued to observe them,
he was filled with curiosity and a desire to learn more about their way of life. However, he decided not to
approach them directly, fearing that they might see him as a threat. Instead, he continued to watch them
from a safe distance, reflecting on his own situation and the newfound human contact he had experienced
after many years of solitude. This chapter provides a glimpse into Crusoe's ongoing struggle to adapt to
his life on the island and the complex emotions he experiences when encountering other human beings
after his long isolation.
CHAPTER 11

Robinson Crusoe encounters a new companion named Friday. Crusoe discovers a group of cannibals on his island
and witnesses their gruesome ritualistic activities, including the preparation of their victims for consumption.
Crusoe, deeply disturbed by these events, decides to intervene and save one of the intended victims. This victim is
Friday, a young native whom Crusoe rescues and names after the day he saved him. Crusoe takes Friday under his
wing, teaching him English and providing him with clothing and shelter. Friday proves to be a quick learner and is
grateful to Crusoe for saving his life. The two form a close bond, and Friday becomes a loyal and devoted
companion to Crusoe on the deserted island. This chapter marks a turning point in the story, as Crusoe's loneliness
and isolation are alleviated by the presence of Friday, who becomes a faithful and valuable ally in their mutual
struggle for survival on the deserted island.

CHAPTER 12

Robinson Crusoe begins to fortify his dwelling place. He realizes that he is vulnerable to potential threats, and he
wants to make his shelter more secure. He decides to build a wall, using the logs he had collected previously.
Crusoe puts a great deal of effort into this project and spends several days cutting down trees, shaping the logs,
and constructing the wall. While working on the wall, Crusoe reflects on his situation and the importance of his
survival. He comes to the realization that he is the "king" of the entire island, and the island is his kingdom. Crusoe
views his guns as his "great army," and he believes that he must be prepared to defend himself from any potential
threats. Crusoe's efforts to fortify his shelter and build a wall are a testament to his resourcefulness and
determination to secure his survival on the deserted island. This chapter highlights his adaptation to his
circumstances and his growing sense of self-reliance.

CHAPTER 13

In this chapter, Robinson Crusoe has managed to escape from the captivity of the cannibals who had landed on the
island. After his successful defense against the cannibals and their companions, the Spaniards he had rescued
earlier, Crusoe takes stock of the situation. He realizes that while he's safe from the immediate threat of the
cannibals, he still needs to be cautious, as there might be more of them on the island. He also reflects on the
religious significance of his survival, attributing it to God's providence and guidance. Crusoe continues to fortify his
dwelling and secures the island, gathering provisions and preparing for potential future encounters with hostile
forces. This chapter highlights Crusoe's resourcefulness, resilience, and his growing understanding of the island and
its potential dangers.

THEME
The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" encompasses several themes, and the choice of a central theme can depend on the
reader's interpretation and perspective. One of the most prominent and widely recognized themes in the novel is the theme of
"Survival and Self-Reliance." This theme is significant for several reasons:

1. Resilience and Adaptability: Robinson Crusoe's ability to survive and adapt to the challenging
circumstances of the uninhabited island is a central aspect of the story. His resourcefulness, problem-
solving skills, and determination to make the best of his situation are emblematic of human resilience in the
face of adversity.
2. Individualism: The novel celebrates the idea of individualism and self-reliance. Crusoe's solitary existence
on the island highlights the power of the individual to overcome obstacles and build a life without relying
on external support.
3. Exploration and Adventure: "Robinson Crusoe" is a quintessential adventure tale. The theme of
exploration and adventure is apparent in the shipwrecks, the discovery of the island, and the many
 challenges Crusoe faces. His journey exemplifies the human desire to explore the unknown and conquer
new frontiers.
4. Spiritual and Moral Development: Crusoe's spiritual awakening and moral growth on the island are
integral to the story. The theme of personal growth and redemption is portrayed through his reflections,
prayers, and interpretations of events as acts of God. It underscores the importance of inner transformation
in his survival.
5. Isolation and Loneliness: The theme of isolation and loneliness is a profound aspect of the novel. Crusoe's
struggle with isolation and his ultimate yearning for human connection emphasize the psychological and
emotional toll of prolonged solitude.
6. Cultural Encounters and Colonialism: The relationship between Crusoe and Friday, the native islander
he befriends, introduces themes of cultural encounters and colonialism. These aspects raise questions about
power dynamics, cultural dominance, and the impact of European imperialism on indigenous peoples.

The theme of "Survival and Self-Reliance" is chosen because it is central to the character of Robinson Crusoe and
the core of the novel's narrative. It encapsulates the physical, psychological, and moral challenges he faces during
his time on the island. Moreover, it underscores the enduring human capacity to adapt, endure, and grow, making it
a timeless and universal theme that resonates with readers across cultures and generations.

CRITIC

"The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" is a literary journey that resonates with me on many levels. First published in
1719, this novel by Daniel Defoe takes readers on an unforgettable expedition of survival, self-discovery, and human
resilience.

I find the character of Robinson Crusoe to be a compelling and relatable figure. His tale of shipwreck, isolation, and
eventual mastery of the deserted island speaks to the human spirit's indomitable will to endure and adapt in the face
of seemingly insurmountable challenges. Crusoe's transformation from a wayward adventurer into a self-sufficient
survivor is a testament to the strength of the individual.

The theme of survival and self-reliance strikes a chord with me, as it encapsulates the core of the human experience.
Crusoe's resourcefulness in constructing his shelter, sourcing food, and maintaining his sanity in isolation is both
inspiring and thought-provoking. It prompts me to consider my own abilities to persevere in the face of adversity.

However, I can't help but acknowledge the novel's flaws. The portrayal of Friday, the indigenous islander, is a point
of contention. While Crusoe's relationship with Friday symbolizes his redemption and newfound empathy, it also
carries colonialist undertones that are difficult to ignore. This aspect of the novel raises important questions about
power dynamics and cultural insensitivity.

Additionally, the novel's religious overtones, while reflective of the time in which it was written, can feel didactic
and heavy-handed to a modern reader. Crusoe's religious awakening and interpretations of events as acts of God may
be significant for some but can be off-putting for those looking for a more secular narrative.

In conclusion, "The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" is a captivating exploration of the human spirit's capacity to
endure, adapt, and grow. It is a novel that has left an indelible mark on the world of literature, and its themes of
survival and self-reliance continue to inspire and challenge readers. However, its colonialist undertones and overt
religiosity warrant consideration and discussion. This classic work remains a timeless tale of both triumph and
controversy, inviting readers to engage with it critically and appreciate its enduring significance.

WRITIING STYLE
First-Person Narrative: The novel is presented as a first-person narrative, with Robinson Crusoe himself as the
narrator. He tells his own story, which gives the narrative a personal and intimate feel.

Realism and Detail: Defoe's writing is characterized by a strong emphasis on realism. He pays meticulous attention
to detail, describing Crusoe's experiences, observations, and struggles in a way that makes them feel vivid and
believable.

Journalistic Style: The writing has a somewhat journalistic quality, as if Crusoe is recording his experiences in a
diary. This contributes to the sense of immediacy and authenticity in the narrative.

Simplicity: The language used in the novel is relatively simple and straightforward, reflecting the practical and
resourceful character of Robinson Crusoe. The prose is clear and unadorned, making it accessible to a wide range of
readers.

Religious Themes: The novel contains religious elements, as Crusoe grapples with his faith and frequently
references God's providence in his life. This reflects the religious beliefs of the time.

Colonial and Imperialist Themes: The book also reflects the colonial and imperialist themes prevalent in the 18th
century. Crusoe's colonization of the deserted island and his encounters with indigenous people and foreign lands
are reflective of the colonial mindset of the era.

Exploration and Adventure: The novel captures the spirit of exploration and adventure, which were highly
regarded in the Age of Discovery. Crusoe's journey, survival, and discoveries on the island are central to the
narrative.

Character Development: The language used in character development is essential. Readers see Crusoe's growth
and transformation through his own introspective observations and self-examinations.

Moral Lessons: Throughout the novel, there are moral lessons and reflections on the consequences of human
actions. These lessons are often presented in a didactic manner.

In summary, "The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" is written in a simple, realistic, and detailed style, with a first-
person narrative that immerses the reader in the protagonist's experiences. The language reflects the moral, religious,
and colonial themes of the 18th century while also emphasizing the spirit of adventure and exploration.

CHARACTERS

 Robinson Crusoe: The protagonist of the novel, he is a young and adventurous Englishman who becomes
stranded on a deserted island. His resourcefulness and determination are central to the story as he learns to
survive and thrive in the harsh environment.
 Friday: Friday is a native man whom Robinson Crusoe rescues from a group of cannibals. He becomes
Crusoe's loyal servant and companion, and their relationship represents the theme of colonialism and the
master-servant dynamic in the novel.
 Man, Friday's Father: The leader of the cannibalistic group who was Friday's father. He is one of the
cannibals killed by Crusoe during Friday's rescue.
 Xury: A young Moorish boy whom Crusoe rescues when his ship is attacked by pirates. Xury becomes
Crusoe's servant and companion for a time.
 Captain of the Ship: The captain of the ship that Crusoe initially travels on. He's an experienced sailor
who tries to warn Crusoe about the dangers of going to sea but is ignored.
 The Widow: A Portuguese widow whom Crusoe buys Xury from. She serves as a minor character who
facilitates Xury's entry into Crusoe's life.
 Will Atkins: A mutineer whom Crusoe encounters when another shipwrecked group arrives on the island.
Crusoe helps reform Will Atkins, who ultimately becomes loyal and a valuable companion.
 Widow's Son: A character from the group of mutineers. Crusoe also helps reform him, and he eventually
converts to Christianity.
 English and Spanish Captains: Two captains who arrive on the island during the latter part of the story
and help Crusoe and the others escape the island.
 The Portuguese Captain: A ship captain who rescues Crusoe at the end of the novel when he is finally
able to leave the island.