Previous Year Questions with Solutions:

Acids, Bases & Salts

Short Answer Type Questions

Q.1. Identify the acid and base which form sodium hydrogen carbonate. Write
chemical equation in support of your answer. State whether this compound is
acidic, basic or neutral. Also write its pH value. [Delhi 2019]
Ans. Sodium hydrogen carbonate - NaHCO3
Sodium hydrogen carbonate is formed by the combination of an acid -
H2CO3 (Carbonic acid) and base (NaOH)
Chemical equation:
NaOH + H2CO3→ NaHCO3+ H2O
The compound is neutral pH value = 8.3

Q.2. A White chemical compound becomes hard on mixing proper quantity of

water. It is also used to maintain broken founts in fixed position.
Name the chemical compound and write its chemical formula. Write the
chemical equation to show what happens when water is added to this
compound in proper quantity? [CBSE Sample Paper 2018]
Ans.The compound is Plaster of Paris. Its formula is CaSO4.1/2 H2O
It change into gypsum when proper quantity of water is added to it.

Q.3. What is water of crystallisation? Name and give formula of two salts which
contain water of crystallisation. [CBSE 2018 for blind]
Ans. The water molecules present in crystalline salts are called water of
crystallisation.
Hydrated copper sulphate (Blue vitriol)
CuSO4 . 5H2O

Blue Vitriol

Hydrated ferrous sulphate (Green vitriol)

FeSO4. 7H2O
Washing soda Na2CO3. 10H2O

Q.4.
(a) For the preparation of cakes, baking powder is used. If at home your
mother uses baking soda instead of baking powder, how will it affect the taste
of the cake and why?
(b) How is baking soda be converted into baking powder?
(c) What makes the cake soft and spongy? [CBSE 2018(C)]
Ans.
(a)Baking powder consists of sodium hydrogen- carbonate (baking soda) and
tartaric acid. If only baking soda is used in making cake, then sodium carbonate is
formed on heating which will give a bitter taste to cake.
(b)Baking soda can be converted into baking powder by adding starch and tartaric
acid.
(c)Sodium hydrogen carbonate gives carbon dioxide (CO2) gas which makes the
cakes soft and spongy.

Q.5. The pH of a salt used to make tasty and crispy pakoras is 14. Identify the
salt and write a chemical equation for its formation. List its two uses. [CBSE
2018]
Ans.
(a)The salt is sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) or sodium bicarbonate.
(b)Manufacture of baking soda is as follows:
Solvays process
NaCl + H2O + CO2+ NH3→ NH4Cl + NaHCO3
(c)Uses:
(i) It is used for making baking powder.
(ii) It is used in soda acid fire extinguishers.
(iii) It is used as ingredient of antacid.

Q.6. 2 mL of sodium hydroxide solution is added to a few pieces of granulated

zinc metal taken in a test tube. When the contents are warmed, a gas evolves
which is bubbled through a soap solution before testing. Write the equation of
the chemical reaction involved and the test to detect the gas.
Name the gas which will be evolved when the same metal reacts with dilute
solution of a strong acid. [CBSE 2018]
Ans.
(a)Zinc reacts with NaOH to form sodium zincate and hydrogen gas

(b)When a burning splinter is brought near the gas, the splinter will gives out a ‘pop’
sound which shows the gas evolved is hydrogen.
(c)Hydrogen gas will be evolved when Zn metal reacts with dilute solution of strong
acid.
Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2↑

Q.7. 1 g of solid sodium chloride is taken in a clean and dry test tube and 2 mL
of Conc. sulphuric acid is added to it. If the gas evolved is tested first with dry
and then with wet blue litmus paper, in which case will the litmus paper change
colour? Give reason for your answer with chemical equation for the reaction.
[CBSE 2018C]
Ans. The colour change will observed in wet blue litmus paper because
moisture/water is needed for the formation of hydronium ions due to which colour
change of litmus paper take place.
NaCl + H2SO4→ Na2SO4+ HCl

Q.8. How are bases different from alkalis? Are all bases alkalis? [CBSE 2017]
Ans.Bases which are soluble in water and produce OH-ions are called alkalis. Some
examples are:
Sodium hydroxide NaOH → Na++ OH-
Potassium hydroxide KOH → K++ OH-
All alkalis are bases but all bases are not alkalis.
For example, Al(OH)3is a base but not an alkali because it does not dissolve in water.

Q.9. Answer the following questions: [CBSE 2016]

(i) State the colour of phenolphthalein in soap solution.
(ii) Name the by-product of chlor-alkali process which is used for the
manufacture of bleaching powder.
(iii) Name one indicator which specifies the Various levels of H+ion
concentration.
Ans.
(i) Pink
(ii) Chlorine
(iii) Universal indicator

Q.10. On passing excess carbon dioxide gas through lime water, it first turns
milky and then becomes colourless. Explain why? Write all the chemical
equations of the reactions involved. [CBSE 2016]
Ans.
Ca(OH)2+ CO2→ CaCO3(s) + H2O
CaCO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) → Ca(HCO3)2
Lime water turns milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate. It becomes
colourless when excess of CO2is passed due to formation of Ca(HCO3)2which is
soluble in water.
Q.11. Name of type of chemical reaction represented by the following equation
: [CBSE 2016]
(i) CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
(ii) 3BaCl2+ Al2(SO4)3→ 2AlCl3+ 3BaSO4

Ans.
(i) Combination reaction.
(ii) Double displacement reaction.
(iii) Decomposition reaction.

Q.12.
(a) Define olfactory indicators. Name two substances which can be used as
olfactory indicators.
(b) Choose strong acids from the following :
CH3COOH, H2SO4, H2CO3, HNO3 [CBSE 2016]
Ans.
(a)Indicators which work on the basis of odour are called olfactory indicators.
Onion and vanilla extracts can be used as olfactory indicators.
(b)H2SO4and HNO3are strong acids out of the four acids given.

Q.13.
(a) A student detected the pH of four unknown solutions A, B, C and D as
follows: 11, 5, 7 and 2.
Predict the nature of the solution.
(b) Explain how an antacid works. [CBSE 2015]
Ans.
(a)A is basic, ‘B’ is acidic ‘C’ is neutral and ‘D’ is strongly acidic.
(b)Hyperacidity is Caused by excess of hydrochloric acid in stomach. Antacid is basic
in nature. It neutralises excess of acid and releases CO2gas which gives relief from
pain caused by hyperacidity.

Q.14. Explain the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on the following with
chemical equations: [CBSE 2015]
(a) Magnesium ribbon
(b) Sodium hydroxide
(c) Crushed egg shells
Ans.
(a)Hydrogen gas will be formed, e.g.
Mg (s) + 2HCl (dil) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(s)
(b)Sodium chloride and water will be formed, e.g.
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (Neutralization reaction)
(c)Crushed egg shells are made up of CaCO3which reacts with dil HCl to give brisk
effervescence due to CO2, e.g.
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl → CaCl2+ H2O + CO2

Q.15. What is meant by water of crystallisation? How would you show that
copper sulphate crystals contain water of crystallisation? [CBSE 2015]
Ans. Water which is present in the crystals of a compound is called water of
crystallisation. It is defined as the fixed number of water molecules present in one
formula unit of a salt. Copper sulphate crystals are blue in colour. On heating solid
copper sulphate crystals, they lose water of crystallisation and become white. On
adding a few drops of water to the white powder, blue colour of copper sulphate is
restored. This shows that copper sulphate crystals contain water of crystallisation.

Q.16. Define water of crystallisation with two examples. How will you prove
their existence in the examples given by you? [CBSE 2015]
Ans. Number of fixed water molecules associated with one formula unit of a
substance is called water of crystallisation.
Example.

(i)Gypsum on heating loses half molecule of water and forms plaster of Paris.

On adding water, it again converts to gypsum.

(ii)Copper sulphate on heating loses water molecules and is converted to white
anhydrous CuSO4. On adding water to anhydrous copper sulphate, the blue colour
of copper sulphate is restored.
Q.17.
(a) Three acidic solutions A, B and C have p H = 0, 3 and 5 respectively.
(i) Which solution has highest concentration of H+ions?
(ii) Which solution has the lowest concentration of H+ions?
(b) How concentrated sulphuric acid can be diluted? Describe the process.
[CBSE 2015]
Ans.
(a)
(i)Solution A has the highest concentration of H+ions.
(ii)Solution C has the lowest concentration of H+ions.
(b)While diluting concentrated sulphuric acid, water is not added to the acid, rather
acid is added to water.
Take some water in a beaker. Add cone, sulphuric acid in small lots to water. Stir the
mixture with glass rod constantly. Cool the beaker under water if it becomes hot.

Q.18. Give the chemical name and formula of bleaching powder. What happens
when it is exposed to air? Mention two uses of bleaching powder. [CBSE 2015]
Ans.Chemical name of bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride.
Formula: CaOCl2CaOCl2On exposure to air, it absorbs moisture.
Uses:
(i) As an oxidising agent in chemical industries.
(ii) For disinfecting drinking water to make it free from germs.
Long Answer Type Questions

Q.1.
(a) The soil in a field is highly acidic. List any two materials which can be added
to this soil to reduce its acidity. Give the reason for your choice. [CBSE 2016]
(b) A gas produced in the laboratory is highly soluble in water. Its colourless
solution turns pink when a few drops of phenolphthalein is added to it. What is
the nature of this gas?
Ans.
(a)
(i) Lime, (CaO) can be added to neutralize acidity.
(ii) Chalk, (CaCO3) can also be added to neutralise acidity.
It is because CaO and CaCO3are basic in nature which neutralize acid present in soil.
(b)The nature of gas is basic because it turns phenolphthalein pink. The following
reaction takes place in aqueous solution,
Example: NH3+ H2O → NH4++ OH-

Q.2.
(a) The pH of soil A is 7.5 while that of soil B is 4.5. Which of the two soils A or
B should be treated with powdered chalk to adjust its pH and why? [CBSE
2016]
(b) Name the chemical which is injected into the skin of a person:
(i) During an ant’s sting
(ii) During the nettle leaf sting.
How can the effect of these stings be neutralised?
(c) Explain how the pH change in the river water can endanger the lives of
aquatic animals like fish?
Ans.
(a)Soil ‘B’ is acidic. It should be treated with powdered chalk which is basic so as to
adjust its pH.
(b)
(i) Formic acid, (HCOOH).
(ii) Formic acid, (HCOOH).
The effect of these stings neutralized by rubbing the skin with mild base like baking
soda (NaHCO3).
(c)If pH of river water changes, amount of oxygen dissolved in water may decrease.
Acidic and basic water is harmful for skin of aquatic animals like fish.

Q.3. State reasons for the following statements:

(i) Stain of curry on a white cloth becomes reddish brown when soap is
scrubbed on it and turns yellow again when the cloth in washed with plenty of
water.
(ii) Curd should not be kept in copper or brass vessels. What is done to protect
it? [CBSE 2016]
Ans.
(i)Turmeric reacts with sodium hydroxide present in soap to form red coloured
compound. It turns yellow again because sodium hydroxide becomes very dilute on
adding lot of water and reaction stops.
(ii)Curd contains lactic acid which reacts with copper or brass vessels and taste
changes. Curd should be kept in glass, steel or ceramic container which does not
react with lactic acid present in it.

Q.4.
(a) What is pH value of salt formed by a
(i) Weak acid and strong base?
(ii) Strong acid and strong base?
(b) 15 mL of water and 10 ml of sulphuric acid are to be mixed in a beaker
(i) State the method that should be followed with reason.
(ii) What is this process called? [CBSE 2015]
(c) What is observed when sulphur dioxide is passed through
(i) water (ii) lime water?
Also write chemical equations for the reactions that take place.
Ans.
(a)
(i) The pH value will be greater than 7.
(ii) The pH value will be less that than 7.
(b)
(i) The acid is to be added slowly in water to prevent the mixture to be from being
splashed. The reaction is highly exothermic, therefore, constant cooling should be
done.
(ii) The process is called dilution.
(c)
(i) Sulphurous acid is formed.
SO2+ H2O → H2SO3(Sulphurous acid)

Lime water turned turns milky due to formation of calcium sulphite.

Q.5.
(a) State the chemical properties on which the following uses of baking soda
are based:
(i) as an antacid
(ii) as soda-acid fire extinguisher
(iii) to make bread and cake soft and spongy.
(b) How washing soda is obtained from baking soda? Write balanced chemical
equation. [CBSE 2015]
Ans.
(a)
(i) It is weakly basic in nature and neutralises hyperacidity.
(ii) It liberates CO2with H2SO4reacts with it, which extinguisher fire.
(iii) It liberates CO2on heating which makes bread and cake soft and sponge.
(b)

Baking soda on heating gives sodium carbonate which on crystallisation from

aqueous solution gives washing soda, e.g.
Na2CO3+ 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O

Q.6. State reason for the following statements: [CBSE 2015]

(a) Tap water conducts electricity whereas distilled water does not.
(b) Dry hydrogen chloride gas does not turn blue litmus red whereas dilute
hydrochloric acid does.
(c) During summer season, a milk man usually adds a very small amount of
baking soda to fresh milk.
(d) For a dilution of acid, acid is added into water and not water into acid.
(e) Ammonia is a base but does not contain hydroxyl group.
Ans.
(a)Tap water contains ions which conduct electricity, distilled water does not contain
ions.
(b)Dry HCl does not form ions but HCl gives H+and Cl-.
(c)Baking soda does not allow milk to change to lactic acid which makes milk sour.
(d)Adding water to acid is highly exothermic and and acid may splash. Therefore,
acid is added to water very slowly with continuous stirring.
(e)Ammonia dissolves in water forms OH-. Therefore, it is basic.
NH3+ H2O → NH4++ OH-

Q.7.
(a) Define universal indicator. Mention its one use.
(b) Solution A gives pink colour when a drop of phenolphthalein indicator is
added to it. Solution B gives red colour when a drop of methyl orange is added
to it. What type of solutions are A and B and which one of the solutions A and
B will have a higher pH value?
(c) Name one salt whose solution has pH more than 7 and one salt whose
solution has pH less than 7. [CBSE 2015]
Ans.
(a)A universal indicator is a mixture of several indicators. It shows different colours
at different concentrations of H+ion concentrations.
(b) Solution A is alkaline in nature.
Solution B is acidic in nature.
Solution A has a higher pH value.
(c)Salts of weak acid and strong base give a solution which have pH more than 7.
i.e. basic salt
Sodium acetate is an example of such salts.
Salts of strong acid and weak base give a solution which has pH less than 7.
i.e. Acidic salt. Ammonium chloride is an example of such salts.

Q.1.Write the equation for the dissociation of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water.

Ans. HCl + H2O → H3O+ + Cl-

or it can also be written as

HCl

H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

Q.2.Which one of these has a higher concentration of H+ ions?

1M HCl or 1M CH3COOH

Ans. 1M HCl will have a higher concentration of H+ ions because HCl being strong
acid undergoes complete dissociation.

Q.3.While diluting an acid why is it recommended that the acid should be

added to water and not water to the acid?

Or

Why should water be never added dropwise to concentrated sulphuric acid?

Ans.
 Fig. Adding acid to water
While diluting an acid, water should not be added to a concentrated acid because
adding water to acid is a highly exothermic process and the heat generated may
cause the mixture to splash out.Q.4. How is the concentration of hydroxide ions
(OH-) affected when excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium
hydroxide? Ans. The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) is increased when the
excess base is dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide.Q.5. Do basic solutions
also have H+ (aq) ions? If yes, then why are these basic? Ans. Basic solutions also
have H+ (aq) ions. A solution of an acid or a base always contains both H+ (aq) ions
as well as OH- (aq) ions. It shows the basic character if it has more OH- (aq) ions and
acidic character if it has more H+ (aq) ions.Q.6. Choose strong acid and a strong
base from the following: CH3COOH, NH4OH, KOH, HCl Ans. A strong acid is HCl
and strong base is KOH.Q.7. Which is more acidic a solution with pH = 6.0 or a
solution with pH = 2.0? Ans. A solution with pH = 2.0 is more acidic.Q.8. Which is
more basic, a solution with pH = 9.0 or a solution with pH = 13.0? Ans. A
solution with pH = 13.0 is more basic.Q.9. How would you show that lemon and
tomato contain acids? Ans. Both, lemon juice and tomato juice turn blue litmus
red. It shows that both of them contain acids.Q.10. What is the action of the
solution of sodium carbonate towards litmus? Ans. Solution of sodium carbonate
will turn the color of red litmus into blue indicating that it is alkaline in nature.Q.11.
Dry ammonia gas has no action on litmus paper but a solution of ammonia in
water turns red litmus paper blue. Why is it so? Ans. Ammonia in water forms
ammonium hydroxide. These hydroxide ions turn red litmus blue.Q.12. What is the
action on litmus of: (a) Dry ammonia gas? (b) The solution of ammonia gas in
the water? Ans. (a) Dry ammonia gas has no action on litmus. (b) Solution of
ammonia gas in water turns red litmus blue.Q.13. Why should curd and sour
substances not be kept in brass and copper vessels? Ans. Curd and sour
substance contain acids which react with brass and copper and forms toxic
substances whose consumption is bad for health.Q.14. Why do HCl, HNO3, etc.
show acidic character in aqueous solutions while solutions of compounds like
C2H5OH and glucose do not show acidic character? Ans. A substance will show
an acidic character if it gives H+ ions when dissolved in water. Among these
substances, HCl and HNO3 provide H+ ions whereas C2H5OH and glucose do not
give H+ ions so they do not show acidic character.Q.15. Given two unlabelled
bottles, one containing dilute acid and the other water. How would you decide
to label them? Ans. Acid and water can be identified by testing with litmus. Water
will not change the colour of red or blue litmus whereas acid will change blue litmus
into the red.Q.16. Why does distilled water not conduct electricity, whereas
rainwater does? Ans. The electric current is carried by ions in solutions. Distilled
water has no ions whereas rainwater is slightly acidic and contains ions so rainwater
conducts electricity.Q.17. What happens when carbon dioxide gas is passed
through sodium hydroxide solution? Ans. When carbon dioxide gas is passed
through sodium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate is formed. 2NaOH + CO2 →
Na2CO3 + H2OQ.18. Name the sodium compound which is used for softening
hard water. Ans: The sodium compound used for softening hard water is sodium
carbonate (Na2CO3.10H2O) also called sodium carbonate decahydrateQ.19. What
are the chemical name and formula of baking soda? Ans. The chemical name of
baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate and its formula is NaHCO3.Q.20. A
compound 'X' is an important ingredient of an antacid. It is also used in fire
extinguishers. Identify 'X'. Ans. Compound 'X' is sodium hydrogen carbonate
(NaHCO3).Q.21. Fresh milk has a pH of 6. How do you think the pH will change
as it turns into curd? Explain your answer.

Or

Fresh milk has a pH of 6. When it changes into curd (yogurt) will its pH value
increase or decrease? Why? Ans. The pH will decrease from 6 because it becomes
more acidic when milk is converted into curd and more acidic solutions have lower
pH value.
Fig: pH scale

Q.22. What happens when crystals of washing soda are left open in dry air?
What is this change named as? Name two industries based on the use of
washing soda. Ans. When crystals of washing soda are left open in dry air, they lose
nine molecules of water of crystallisation and become white powder.

This change is called efflorescence.

Two industries based on the use of washing soda are:

(i) manufacture of glass

(ii) paper and textile industries.

Q.23.What will happen if the solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated?

Give the equation of the reaction involved.

Or

(i) Name the products formed when sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated.

(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved in the above.

Ans. When the solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate is heated, it decomposes to

form sodium carbonate with the evolution of carbon dioxide gas.
Q.24. How is Plaster of Paris chemically different from gypsum? How may they
be interconverted? Write one use of Plaster of Paris.
Or

How is Plaster of Paris obtained? What reaction is involved in the setting of a

paste of Plaster of Paris?

Or

State the chemical difference between Plaster of Paris and gypsum. Describe
their either-way interconversions.

Fig: Plaster of Paris

Ans. Plaster of Paris is chemically different from gypsum in terms of water of
crystallisation. Gypsum has 2 moles of water per mole of CaSO4, (CaSO4.1/2H2O). It
can also be written as if one mole of water of crystallisation is present for two moles
of CaSO4, (2CaSO4. H2O). Gypsum on heating at 373 K gets converted into Plaster of
Paris.
When Plaster of Paris is mixed with water, it gets converted into gypsum.

The plaster of Paris is used for making statues and for setting fractured bones.

Q.25.Name three compounds of calcium that are used in day-to-day life and
write one important use of each of them.

Ans. The three compounds of calcium and their uses are :

(i) Slaked lime [Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2] used for the manufacture of bleaching
powder.

(ii) Bleaching powder [Calcium oxychloride, CaOCl2] used as a bleaching agent in the
laundry.

(iii) Plaster of Paris [Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4. 1/2H2O] used to plaster the
fractured bones.
PREVIOUS YEARS' BOARD QUESTIONS

Q.26. A chemical compound having the smell of chlorine is used to remove the
yellowness of white clothes in the laundries. Name the compound and write
the chemical equation involved in its preparation.Ans. The compound is
bleaching powder (CaOCl2). It removes yellowness from clothes due to its bleaching
action. For details, consult the text part.Q.27. Explain giving reasons: (i) Tartaric
acid is a component of baking powder used in making cakes.(ii) Gypsum,
CaSO4.2H2O is used in the manufacture of cement.Ans. (i) Role of tartaric acid in
baking powder (mixture of tartaric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate) is to
neutralise sodium carbonate formed upon heating sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Sodium hydrogen carbonate Sodium carbonate

(ii) The role of gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) in the manufacture of cement is to slow down
the process of setting of cement.

Q.28.How is chloride of lime chemically different from calcium chloride? Why

does chloride of lime gradually lose its chlorine when kept exposed to air?

Ans. Chloride of lime is calcium oxychloride [(Ca(OCl)Cl] also known as bleaching

powder. Calcium chloride is CaCl2. Bleaching powder gives identific smell of chlorine
when exposed t air because it reacts with CO2 and chlorine gas is evolved.

Q.29.What is the chemical name of washing soda? Name three raw materials
used in making washing soda by Solvay process.

Ans.Chemical name: Sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10 H2O).

Raw materials: Brine, limestone, ammonia.

Q.30.State the chemical property in each case on which the following uses of
baking soda are based

(i) as an antacid.

(ii) as a constituent of baking powder.

Ans.
(i) It is weakly alkaline in nature and neutralizes acid (HCl) formed in the stomach.

NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2

(ii) It evolves CO2 in the form of bubbles when cake is made by baking. As a result,
the cake becomes porous as well as fluffy.

Q.31.

(a) Name the raw materials used in the manufacture of sodium carbonate by
Solvay process.

(b) How is sodium hydrogen carbonate formed during Solvay process

separated from a mixture of NH4Cl and NaHCO3 ?

(c) How is sodium carbonate obtained from sodium hydrogen carbonate?

Ans.

(a) The raw materials used are: NaCl, limestone or CaCO3 and NH3.

(b) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) is sparingly soluble or less soluble in

water and gets separated as a precipitate while NH4Cl remains in solution. The
precipitate is removed by filtration.

(c) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is converted to sodium carbonate upon heating.

For further details, consult the text part.

Q.32.

(a) What is the action of red litmus on (i) dry ammonia gas (ii) solution of
ammonia gas in water

(b) State the observations you would make on adding ammonium hydroxide to
an aqueous solution of

(i) ferrous sulfate (ii) aluminum chloride.

Ans.

(a)

(i) Red litmus has no action on dry ammonia gas because it does not release any
hydroxyl ions (OH-)

(ii) When passed through water, ammonia (NH3) is converted to ammonium

hydroxide (NH4OH). It dissociates to give hydroxyl ions (OH-) and the solution is
basic in nature. Red litmus acquires a blue color.

(b)

(i) A green precipitate of ferrous hydroxide will be formed by double decomposition

reaction.

(ii) A white precipitate of aluminium hydroxide will be formed by double

decomposition reaction.

Q.33.Name the gas that evolved when dilute HCl reacts with sodium hydrogen
carbonate. How is it recognised?
Ans. The gas that evolved is carbon dioxide (CO2). When the gas is bubbled through
lime water, it becomes milky due to the formation of CaCO3.

Q.34.

(a) Name the two chief chemicals used for making a soda acid fire extinguisher.

(b) How does the soda-acid fire extinguisher help to extinguish the fire?

Ans.

(a) The two chief chemicals are sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) and sulphuric
acid (H2SO4)

(b) For the details of the operation, consult the text part.

Q.35.How will you test for the gas which is liberated when hydrochloric acid
reacts with an active metal?

Ans. Hydrogen gas is evolved when hydrochloric acid reacts with an active metal
such as sodium, potassium,

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

calcium or magnesium. In order to test the gas, bring either a burning match stick or
candle near the gas. The gas will immediately catch fire and burns with a ‘pop’ sound.

Q.36. An aqueous solution has a pH value of 7.0. Is this solution acidic, basic, or
neutral?

Ans. The solution with a pH value of 7.0 is neutral in nature

Q.37.Out of calcium compounds calcium carbonate, quick lime, and slaked

lime, which one can be used for removing moisture from ammonia gas and
why?

Ans. Quick lime (CaO) can be used to remove moisture from ammonia gas because
of its hygroscopic nature. Therefore, it can act as the best dehydrating agent for
ammonia.