Design of experiments

Lecture 1: Introduction (Ch 1 DAE)

Nitin Padhiyar
IIT - Gandhinagar

DAE: Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers (8th Ed), Douglas C.
Montogomery, John Wiley & Sons
ASPE: Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers (3rd Ed), Douglas C.
Montogomery, John Wiley & Sons
 Text Book and References

⚫ Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers,

Douglas C. Montogomery, John Wiley & Sons
⚫ Design and analysis of Experiments, Douglas C.
Montogomery, John Wiley & Sons.
 Evaluation Criteria

⚫ Exam-1: 20%
⚫ Exam-2: 20%
⚫ Exam-3: 30%
⚫ Quiz-1 (before Exam-1): 10%
⚫ Quiz-2 (before Exam-2): 10%
⚫ Quiz-3 (before Exam-3): 10%
Experiments
⚫ Observing a system helps learning
⚫ Understanding of it needs experiments
⚫ Experiment – a run with deliberate changes in the
inputs to observe and identify the reasons of changes in
outputs
⚫ Which are the inputs and outputs?
⚫ How are the two related?
⚫ Use model for analysis/design/improvement
⚫ Few applications
⚫ Developing a robust process
⚫ New product design/formulation
⚫ Process development
 PROCESS MODEL
⚫ MECHANISTIC MODEL
⚫ From physical phenomena
⚫ Example: PV=nRT
⚫ EMPIRICAL MODEL
⚫ From data
⚫ Example: Y=mX+c
⚫ For given X & Y data, find m and c
Design of Experiments (DOE)

DOE is defined as a branch of applied statistics that deals

with planning, conducting, analyzing, and
interpreting experiments to evaluate the factors that
control the value of a parameter or group of parameters.
Example OF AN EXPERIMENT
Suppose that a metallurgical engineer is interested in
studying the effect of two different hardening
processes, oil quenching and saltwater quenching, on
an aluminum alloy. Here the objective of the
experimenter is to determine which quenching
solution produces the maximum hardness for this
particular alloy. The engineer decides to subject a
number of alloy specimens or test coupons to each
quenching medium and measure the hardness of the
specimens after quenching. The average hardness of
the specimens treated in each quenching solution will
be used to determine which solution is best.
 IMPORTANT QUESTIONS BEFORE
PERFORMING THE EXPERIMENTS!

1. Are these the only two solutions for quenching?

2. Are there other factors affecting hardness?
⚫ May be Temperature of the quenching media
3. How many coupons of alloy should be tested?
4. How to assign the quenching to each medium? In
what order?
5. What method of data analysis to be used?
6. What difference in average hardness values is
considered important?
Thank You

“You will never be given anything that can’t be handled”