Paper -

Sampling Techniques
.

Unit 1
%
: Introduction
Simple Random
of Sampling
Sampling
2 : stratified
Sampling
Ratio f
g :
Regression for
SRSWOR
A Systematic ,
Cluster
of Two
Stage Sampling
Book : Fundamental Of
Applied Statistics

By Gupta f Kapoor
 •
popn =
?
Finite
•
popn € gnfinile

•
popn Size = N
=

element of is
Every
•
POPD
called as Popn Unit

e. N 4500
g
: =

Student is
Every Popn Unit
a
.

Sample :

pipit
-

sample
Sample size = n = 1000
/
Sampling unit =

Every
Sample
Student in the
is called as
Sampling
unit
Study : To find
average ht
of
Kirti college Students

Popn size =
4500 [ Finite popn ]
Study find
duality of Sugar
: To

Sold in the shop .

[" finite )
☒ Popn

popn .
)
N = 4500 N=N
 Total Students
14=4500

?
ci Arts

1¥:-, !÷7 ,

N= 4500

fyt.to?n.#n-s:!-ntr
-

Fy by -
 Sampling frame →

Topic
teaching
: Effect of online
on students

primary
•
→ A

Secondary → 0

Higher secondary
• •
→
education
Higher
•
.
→ ☐

#
0
POPD

I <

Sam
☒→ Results
Biased
-

R÷÷¥÷: t.DE#j
"
 popn Size =
8000 = N

1- Singers -208*1
target POPD
#]iigig
100
gnteoeged Not -

Interested

I
- ,
Singing
ng frame
1 2 3 - - -

too
, ,

t
30 =
 Parameter :

Study : Estimate
Average Ht
( T.Y.B.sc )of Degree college
Students

Dep✗
/college
I
Popn :
Kirti
y-
Raia
=
E-
M.D
→
.
} POP
"

¥ep+(subjeeD
|
§÷
⇐
To

{
To
.

a-
Statistic
g- =
a- =
=
=
 Parameter Statistic
-
_

Study :
Average Ht of Degree college
students in Dadar area

Kirti Ruia Rapa rel M -

D .

100
100/7 too 1oo
Popn : → I iN= → Parameter
=

62
-

6
,

Coy
M -
.

Do
=

¥ ✗ 100

statistic : n =
400

Smile :

g- ,
S2 ,
S → statistic
Parameter 1-
Statistical Measure =

Average
calculated for popn

IT ,
poprhlasiance ⇐ 6

popn Median 2
popn Mean Square = S
Statistic
T
Statistical measure =
Average
calculated Sample Ht
why
]
values .

g- Sample variance
,
=
82
Sample Mean Pause = s
'
Estimator :

Estimator = Statistic
↓
fan of Sample values
1-
Sample
mean
= £ ,
Sample
=p
?

Variance

Sample Mean = S2
Square

Estimate :

is
Value of estimator called
estimate .

15.0 -11^0
, 100,125^0 :
D= 4
,

Lid Ya) )
Yg ) Yg

150+110%-0+25 :
=
177.5
 = 177 . 5

Parameter = not Known

Sample Values Y,
: = 150
, Y2=

Yg =
974 -

Sample mean := Sample ax . ht

=
J
=
177.5

Statistic
=⑧= E¥= ,
estimator = Statistic
=⑧=
{
estimate

estimator
= 177.5

is a 0.x .
 Unbiased estimator

Popn Measure : Parameter

Sample Measures = Statistic

Parameter = 0 µ , ,
6%2
Statistic
J S ? 't
Ey
=

E( f) =
?T
s an unbiased
estimator of 7-
=y-
¥ =
g- =
177-5
/ -

estimated Value of 'T

= estimated Value of Popnmeap
?⃝
 •

• .

Average ht of TYB.se .
Students
is 17705

F-
(F) =
I
+ →
Sample Pop n value
value
I
t e

t
g-
= =
ELI
→ Ect ) = 0

④ =
t t is an v -
E
off
Bias estimator
Ect )_=OtE C=E-4 -0
 :C =
Ect ) -
O
' '

c is called bias of an

estimator .

meant.SI?Idneq?#sampiexa1ues ( known )

✓
a → Paratometer ( Unknown .

Mean
= E[t -072 = MSE
Squared
error .

Standard error : 8. E.

8. D.
statistic
of Sampling distr of

☒
.

☒☒nN( A. 62) .
 Station
/
"
Ncte ,
¥)
t
. E(ñF= le -

a- is
Y Cst )

an
.

U -
=

E.
¥
of fee
] / Ect)=q

as
.D=tIñ)=
8D
,§
=
.
= So E.

E)
Edi
tumble ,
t

8. E. = 8. =
¥É&Fn
?⃝
Bias :

Ect ) = Otc

C =
Ect ) -

Q
t
constant o =
> C : Bias

ECT ) =
I +40
⑥IECy '

Bias =
4
=
 Methods of data
collecting

A
Census Method Sample Survey
Or

☒
Complete Enumerations

every
Method
indi visual soR
Ex : Kirti total ?
college employees
1) cost
1) Accurate
2) Time }
2) Intensive

☒É
 Sample Survey :

Steps :

1) State
objective clearly
Study : Students of Kirti
College
( Degree) .

Objective :

How
many Students
i
> class wise
, faculty wise

9 Gender wise

2) Subject wise
,
no -

of Students

3) Year wise how Stud

many
-
,

4) FY → It .sc -
= ? %

Toy = %
→
Steps : Once
objectives →

All Student> Population

t
A
target popn → Sing
Degoeofanior
#
tr

Sampling frame

[ Interested
Sing
I
in
/
enters

.
M#m
Sample

Step 3 : Methods of measurement

of data collection

•
physical obsn

•
personal interview
•
Telephone interview
• Email
form
•

Google
• Recorded 9h formation

Steph :
type of Sampling
Sampling
•
SRS

probability Sampling
◦

cost
Steps : Select Sample - time

Size of the Sample

Steps : Pilot
Survey → 100
↓
=D

⑧
Slept :
Organize fieldwork

proper
training
to the person
Steps data
:
Analysis of
Tabulation
↓
Graphs
↓
Statistical Measures
↓

9nterpretatr.org

n
 \

Characteristics of a
good questionnaire
• No -

of Q 's .
→ Minimum

•
Q 's → shoot f Simple

Q 's
•

Logical order of the

Yes
's -
•

g -
NO

•
Q 's → calculation of numbers

should be avoided

• Q 's → Framed with which

entire
Study will
get
covered
should
•

Cf 's → Wording be proper

•
Q 's → Confidential Information
Should be avoided

Physical appearance of Quest should be

.
•

good ,
 Errors [ Sample Surxeg
A
Sampling Errors Non -

Sampling
Errors
• Size of the Sample
Human
É=y
•

Ecg)= 'T ; error

•
Methods
Ely )
=
'T +

) I
C
Ecg
-

=
 Sampling Methods

Probability Non -

Probability
Sampling Sampling
1) SRS 1) Purposive
2) Stratified 2) Convenient

g) Systematic 3) Quota
Cluster
4)
5) Two -

Stage

CSO : Central Statistical Office

NSSO : National Sample Survey

Office
Simple
(
Random
SRS )
Sampling
0baby
POPN Size = µ = g

¥:↑
☐

One coupon
☒
☒

PC coupon
Selected
☒
) #
is =
=

§
PC )
§
.
=

P ( any coupon ) =

¥
 SRS →

1) SRSWOR

2) SRSWR

DSRSWOR
simple piandom
-

Sampling
2 peach unit)=%✓

L¥¥%:☐ ☐:
•

}° • N= 10
,n_①
N= 10
• No .

of possible

=1
=
?⃝
•

14=4 D= 2

•
SRSOWOR
Plea# it) =

# =

4-
•

N=4
Possible
/
Hgg4cj@Ch.Y
Samples
•

=¥ ¥
) -

:}
,

CY ,
-
b) • -

( Yi Tg ),
-

:÷÷
( Ya Ya) ,
-
 SRSWR :

simpler andom
with replacement
Sampling
prob
¥
=
•

•
N=q ,
n=2

'
N=g
'
Kii
'
kik
43,73
⑨ tynldays =
(4) 2--16 wags
Ex :
Using
from Popn
Ramos .

140
.
Sample
Units
Sizes

089 180,992,669,000,320,012,5601800
80M¥
,

Given : N =
140 ; n=5

Step 1 :
•

: N =
140
-
• @

i. this is three digital no .

•
: late will consider Romo so 000 to
991

Steps : N 140
=
'

Ind
-000>1-0
multiple of 140 ,
which is

999
140×2--280
140×7=980 ✓

140×8=11200 > 999

Select from
.

the Romo 0001 to 980

Otherwise nr.no wikb•

-1980
rejected .fm
-
 Steps :
Given Promos are :

089 ,
180
,
992
669,000,320,012
,

-560
• ,

, 800 .

N 5
d e f

µo§
so Romo .
Remainder Sample
No Unit
1 ✓
0891140 089 890 .

180 > 140180

2
to
=4 ? ⑧:*
2 3 9927980 Rejected
-

>
⑨
, ••a µ . •, =/ 09
280 To
.

÷ ::÷÷:
4
14¥
560
6
7
3207140
012 < ego
8,20-40=40 4.0¥
12
= 012
.

9 8007140 8,40-0=100 100

 n =
5

SRSWOR : 89 , 40,109 ,
12,140
SRSWR 8 89,40 , 109
, 40,12
 Theorems PC
:
drawing
^
a unit)

SRSWOR SRSWOR SRSWR

P( is Selected
5. To a specified unit at
kthdrao
=

¥
Proof :

Let F- = A specified unit is Selected at

µ
_

k= I KM draw

% P ( E.) =
Pf A specified unit is Selected at
1ˢᵗ draw
= 1- ]
N

K -2 -

i.
p =P [ A Spec unit is Selected at 2nd draw
]
=
pf Specified unit is not selected at
1ˢᵗ draw
f.
-

And =-D it is selected at

2nd
=
'
' draw ]
U%
I ×

Pls
OR U
Seledelatf ×
≤
= .
not
'
I
'
t 1St draw

PfsÉ④ draw ] ? - ☆

=( 1-
i¥- ↓ .

^¥⇐
.

.
 p @ elected) PINOT select
)
1ˢᵗ draw →
±, 1-
± -1¥,
-

2nd draw :
→
¥ ,
1-
¥;-4¥ ,

N -

ord draw :
EH →
¥← 1-
t.si ?÷
i •
,

:
fie :D ¥→
" draw
1-
¥1k -3
=

a)
←
 MEI =

( ¥1) ( ¥
PC Ea) =

± ,
r

P ( En) = P [ A specified unit is

Selededattn
-
draw ?
=
p( Specified unit is not Selected
for ( K D draws
§
-

a Specified unit is Selected at .

KM draw)

=
Pl S .
U is not Select for
.

@ -
D draws )

PC
i÷i
8. u . is Selected at Ktm draw ) .
 f- ( ¥, ) f- ¥ a)
'
=
✗
1 -
- - - -

. -

✗
¥( K-

¥I¥¥,
=
"
✗ - - -

✗
¥( m )

¥¥¥*÷÷÷
=

=
SRSWR

P ( A S u
-
-
is Selected at Kth drew) .

[# =
P

P
( 1st

( 2nd
unit

Unit )
) =

=
÷
¥
:

|P(kthdr)=÷
 SRS WOR =

Pl Sou .
is Selected in the Sample of
siren )
IT
is

Brad :

M
?
Let ER : S .
U -

is Selected at teth drain

K ⇐
1,2 -
- -
-
n

PC E
,
) =
Pls -
u -

is Selected at 1st drag

=
1-
H .

P ( E-
2) =
PC S U - -

is Seleehd at 2nd doo

P ( S u is nt Selected it is
f.
-

=
-
.

1St drao Seledd at

2nd dad
=

( 1-
E.) ✗
¥)
¥
'

¥,
=

✗ =
?⃝
Pl Esg) =p / A 8-0 .
is Seledef at kthdr'

II, ✗
E- end
=

✗ ×
- - -

¥1 .

Required is Selected 1st

prog
= PLS -
U at or

2nd or god - .
- -
or nthdow)
.
=

Gelded
( is 1St drag
Lm
=

=P S.u. at

+
2nd dow)
PC I
=
-11 -

P ( -11 -3M doo )=÷y

:
P ( -11 - nth
-
d§=Ñ
:-,
=