Notching Paper. FINAL

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Republic of the Philippines

TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
TAGUIG CITY
Km. 14 East Service Road, Western Bicutan, Taguig City 1630
http: www.tupt.edu.ph Telefax: 823-2457
The Technological University of the Philippines shall be a premier state university with recognized excellence in
engineering and technology education at par with the leading universities in the ASEAN region.
PORTABLE ANGULAR DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PIPE
NOTCHING JIG TRAINER
A Project Study
Presented to the Faculty of Mechanical and Allied Department
Technological University of the Philippines Taguig Campus
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering
Technology in Mechanical Technology
By:
Baloca, Ivan Paul T. Gardiner, Jomari C.
Bermundo, Guia S. Mampusti, Marvin G.
Cruz, Jaydee C. Manalo Genalisa B.
Docasao Jr., Romy D. Nuarin, Gabriel Ray R.
Galanto, Isaiah John R.
MR. ALDWIN C. AGGABAO
SUBJECT ADVISER
2023
CHAPTER I
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This chapter includes the introduction, background of the study, general, and specific
objectives, significance of the study, scope, and delimitation used in this project which titled
"Portable Angular Design and Fabrication of Adjustable Pipe Notching Jig ."
1.1 Introduction
The world evolves when researchers invent new things, so we need to find new innovations to
perform in better way and in easy way. Notching a pipe is one of the essential works for
fabrication. This study is an innovation of pipe notching jig that revolves around the concept
of adjusting angular design. Angles are precisely carved on mild steel or alloy using notching
equipment. When the edges of a workpiece need to be smoothed to eliminate interference
during the bending process, notching is an important activity. It needs to cut and joint the pipe
notch in a proper form. Some welder used to connect tubes or pipes together to produce a T
figure or similar junction, tube notching is usually done. Before being welded together, one or
both tubes and pipe might be notched. Notching is a metal-cutting technique that is commonly
performed on sheet metal or thin bar stock, as well as angle sections and tube. Working from
the edge of a workpiece, a shearing or punching technique was applied in a press to cut
vertically down and perpendicular to the surface. This equipment is a process of cutting metal
and the raw material for notching process includes aluminum, stainless steel, pipes, tubes, and
extruder among many others.
This research study will focus on adjustable pipe notching jig to be used by students, laborers
and especially welders working in our industry. In particular, it focuses in the accurate angle
on the notching of the pipe. Typically, welders cannot finish a product if it is not in a regular
angle, which is why this study was conducted.
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Background of the study
Fabricators apply notching on bicycle frames, car components, aircraft parts, and domestic
plumbing systems, among other things. Notching comes in a variety of shapes and sizes. The
equipment and procedure required are determined by the form of notch, raw material used,
and manufacturing concerns such as tolerance and production rate
It is a metal-cutting technique that is most employed on sheet metal and on thin bar materials.
It can also be used on angle sections and pipes. Notching technique takes many different
forms and shapes. Coping, fish mounting, birth mountain and other words have been used to
describe pipe notching. There are many uses for notching when it comes to the mechanical
industry. Used in school by the mechanical students used in workshops and activities to cut
metals to specific sizes and to make any shape needed. It also has a 90 degrees angle to help
students or workers make it.
There is a problem that needs to be fixed. There is something missing that needs to be filled.
To make it easier and less difficult for users. Because the pipe notching jigs are only rotated
90 degrees. Even if it is rotated, it’s still not enough to make things easier. As a result, we
built it to be adjustable, with a 225-degree rotation to make it easier to use and save time.
However, with the given benefits of the innovation, there will be a corresponding problem
that will be encountered. Which is between our topic and the one already made that the
workers and students prefer to use for their work and workshop. The main problem that we
are facing is how we can prove our innovation. We are not using a motor, rather an electric
drill just to be more convenient.

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The following are examples of proof that the electric motor drill has its own advantage. First,
there’s the pipe notching jig machine, which has a high productivity at a low cost. Second, the
electric drill motor is integrated with the special shaft that drives the notching tool. People
already use the pipe notching jig, and it already exists on the market. They use it for their
work and activities.
The purpose of this study is to use the electric drill because of its low cost compared to the
electric motor, and the unique features of the electric drill are detachable and moveable.
1.2 Objective of the Study
1.3.1 General Objective
Generally, adjustable pipe notching jig will mainly focus on designing and to
fabricate the pipe notching that has an angle of 225degrees.
1.3.2 Specific Objective
1.3.2.1 To design the pipe notching adjustable that has a 225 degrees angle
1.3.2.2 To design and fabricate he adjustable pipe notching jig
1.3.2.3 To perform the 225-degree angle of pipe notching jig
1.3.2.4 To test and evaluate the performance of the pipe notching jig trainer in
terms of its functionality, efficiency, availability, and safety.
1.4 Scope and Delimitation

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1.4.1 Scope
1.4.1.1 The study includes the designing and fabrication of 225 angle pipe
notching adjustable
1.4.1.2 The design of the angular adjustable pipe notching jig will be based on
practical consideration such as availability of the product
1.4.1.3 The adjustable pipe notching jig will used electric drill for notching
pipe
1.4.2 Delimitation
2 Th study of adjustable pipe notching jig considered the limit of the diameter of a pipe
(1-3 inches).
3 The thickness of the pipe (1-3 mm)
4 This research did not choose to include the cutting of pipe
5 This Prototype can only handle a certain material like stainless steel, Galvanize steel,
Black steel, Brass and Iron.
6 Electric motor input power 800 watts, 0-4000 rpm, and the weight of electric is 2kg.
6.4.1.1 The pneumatic press-bending machine trainer can operate for U-
bending and V-bending operations only.
6.4.1.2 The pneumatic press-bending machine trainer will only focus on the
working principle of bending operation.

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6.4.1.3 This study delimits the purpose of the products that will undergo the
pneumatic press-bending machine trainer.
6.4.1.4 The pneumatic press-bending machine can bend gage18 (0.040” /
1mm) of 5053 H32 aluminum sheet metal only.
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study will be beneficial to the following beneficiaries:
 For Mechanical students, this project study will enhance their prior knowledge
in machining, workshop, and metal bending process, and to gain knowledge in
a practical setting.
 For future researchers, this project study will serve as their reference in
pursuing their future studies related to this.
 The Technological University of the Philippines- Taguig Campus will directly
benefit from the design and fabrication of a pneumatic press-bending trainer to
promote the mission and vision of the TUP-T campus, which is to provide
high-quality and advanced education in technical engineering.
 For faculties, this project study will be beneficial to the faculty to upskill more
the effective educational ground and provide efficient knowledge and
experience for students in a practical setting.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter discusses the various ideas, perceptions, generalization,
conclusion, and other advancements that have made that is relevant to this study. This
contains various existing literature and studies, local and foreign that are affiliated to
this study. This will serve as a guide for enhancing and consolidating the researchers'
expertise in the idea of integration of findings with existing information.
2.1 Review of Related Literature
2.1.1 Foreign Literature
2.1.1 Foreign Literature
Borse et al (July 2020) a study entitled A study on Design of Pipe Notching Machine
conducted a study “Special Purpose machine are designed to perform some specific
applications which cannot be carried out using conventional machines. Conceptualization of
the system design understanding the need of the system with a collaborative approach and
develop the machine. Existing now pipe notching is done on manual hand grinder where
people stick Notch profile print from CATIA file on pipe and manually grind it to perfect
shape on hand grinder and then the joint is done with the help of welding process. The main
focus of project is to study different parameter of SPM and solving the problem related to
production rate and design machine to overcome odds of the conventional process. The
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different software's such as ANSYS, CATIA etc. will be used for analysis and designing
purpose. To study about various parameters such as the Material selection for the machine,
parts required for manufacturing of machine, Machine feasibility for manufacturing
depending on final cost of machine & various design parameter of the SPM. Main aim of the
project is to improve accuracy and production rate of the pipe notch.” The engineer is
continually challenged by the task of bringing ideas, creativity, and design to reality. New
equipment and processes are constantly being developed in order to create diverse items at
lower costs while maintaining excellent quality. The machine is simple to maintain and use.
As a result, they experimented with a pipe notching machine. This equipment is one of the
most important in the pipe manufacturing, and it is used to notch metal pipes for welding. It is
mostly used for Notching, as the name implies.
Figure 1 . Pipe Hole saw Notcher

Source: https://racetoolsdirect.com/product/2-pipe-and-tube-hole-saw-notcher/
The pneumatic press-bending machine will be using a pneumatic double-
acting cylinder as a medium for providing linear motion and force to the press where
the tool or the top bending die is mounted, thus it will provide a great force, and
readily available to the market with a low cost, easy maintenance, and assembly.
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2.1.1.2 Options for Notching Pipe and Notching Tube
As cited by J. Schwochert (Aug. 11, 2022) when mounting the tube notcher on a drill
press, check to see that the foot is securely fastened to the table, the shaft is centered beneath
the chuck, and the base of the unit is square to the main body. Ensure that each chuck point is
in contact with each shaft flat before inserting the tri-flat portion of the shaft into the chuck.
Check the drill press spindle's up and down motion before turning it on to ensure there is no
binding or friction in the notched tube. Make sure the tubing notcher's base is securely
fastened to a stable benchtop and tightly gripped in a large mounted vice if you plan to use it
with a hand drill or on a tabletop.
2.1.1.3 A Mechatronics Capstone Project with an Interdisciplinary Team and an
Industrial Partner
According to I. Danderker, A. Dongakar. S. Mahimkar (2017 – 2018) the machine
that we will create is used to cut the end of the tube so that it can be welded into another
shape. The project provides information about the mechanism for notching the tubes to create
their profile. The cutting speed and electric generated can be altered based on the material to
be cut and the thickness of the jobs. Scoring on pipes/Cylinders is principal process for
welding of two roundabout parts opposite to one another. In the course of our project titled
"Development of Mechanism for Notch Cutting on Circular Objects," A pulley is used to
connect the AC motor to the shaft. The cam and follower mechanism are connected to the Arc
cutting torch in order to produce motion in accordance with the desired profile. The machine
is easily transportable and portable.

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2.1.1.4 Notching Vehicles Parts
According to N. Wininger (May 2021) The most crucial function of a vehicle frame is
to keep an operator safe while driving normally and in extreme situations like rollovers. The
frame's design and manufacturing will always place safety first. Every BAJA team in the
world and the SAE competition organizers both place a high value on driver safety. Our
frame design will also place an emphasis on accommodating a four-wheel drive system and
making the driver's compartment comfortable for the various potential operators. Because
fewer teams have worked on these aspects of the frame, there is less data and information
about these issues. In the past, teams have focused on different things. However, there have
been teams, such as the 2020 team, whose objectives and design choices closely match ours.
Our team and previous teams share the objective of making the vehicle as light and compact
as possible. However, as previous teams demonstrated, the driver compartment becomes less
comfortable and functional the smaller it is. This may be the first attempt to address the issue
because previous teams have not raised the issue of team members' varying body sizes. By
applying what other teams have learned, our team will be able to optimize the vehicle's size
and make it as comfortable as possible for all team members.
2.1.1.5 What is new in the tube and pipe industry?
According to E. Lundin (May 26, 2016.) Two processes dominate the market when it
comes to making tube and pipe: either by extruding it from an extrusion press or by forming
and welding it on a mill. In the UOE process, for instance, a hydraulic press is used to
produce even larger diameters from plate, while a spiral mill is used to produce large-
diameter, spiral-wound tubes. There are a few more, and many of them were on display in
Germany. Seuthe, a manufacturer of tube mills, makes nearly everything for its mills,
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peripherals, and tooling because the company believes that quality control and delivery
schedule control begin at home. It is free to design, build, and demonstrate innovative features
for its mills—laser mills for stainless steel and high-frequency electric resistance welding (HF
ERW) mills for carbon steel—with little reliance on outside sources due to its ability to
machine or fabricate nearly everything it needs, down to the electrical cabinets. Additionally,
it indicates that the company can construct mills and peripheral equipment in a one-size-fits-
all manner, adapting the equipment to the application.
2.1.1.6 Design of a Contact-Aided Compliant Notched-Tube Joint for Surgical
Manipulation in Confined Workspaces
According to K. Eastwood et al. (2018.) Miniature dexterous medical instruments like
articulated fiber-optic endoscopic cameras, articulated lasers, suction and irrigation probes,
and wristed forceps, scissors, and drills have increasingly been constructed using notched-
tube compliant joint mechanisms [1–16]. In recent years, a particular emphasis has been
placed on utilizing this technology for endoscope-guided neurosurgery (neuroendoscopy) in
order to produce instruments with flexible wrists [1–7,17]. The instruments used in these
applications typically have a diameter of 1 to 2 mm and are used to operate in small
workspaces with dimensions ranging from 5 to 20 mm [17]. Notched-tube joints can be made
using a single material and a single process by cutting macroscale patterns into metal tubes.
An actuation cable can be used to bend these monolithic geometries in their simplest form,
requiring little assembly and few additional components. When making tools for working in
confined body cavities, these features enable this type of joint to be manufactured at
millimeter sizes, which is why they are frequently preferred to pin-jointed mechanisms.
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However, there is a significant design trade-off between joint range of motion, joint stiffness,
and joint compactness when designing these devices for millimeter-sized workspaces.
2.1.1.7 Notching tube and pipe
According to C. Rusch, E. Holmes (August 14, 2003.) Saws and plasma cutters are
just a few of the tools and machines that can be used to notch pipe and tube. The hole saw, the
abrasive-belt notcher, and the end mill notched are the most frequently utilized machine tools
for making weld joints for manufacturers, job shops, and hobbyists. Making a few notch holes
for a weld joint with a hole saw is a cheap way to do it. Hole saws can be used with a drill
press or a handheld drill for portability, making them more suitable for hobbyists. To create
notches with various ODs, multiple corresponding hole saws are required. Hole saws produce
a less-than-perfect finish and are not the best option for large numbers of notches or
repeatability. It is difficult to notch thin-walled tube using a hole saw without deforming it,
and hole saws typically only come in a limited number of OD sizes. Having said that, most
people who make a notch or two on a budget are happy with the results. These notchers are
produced by a number of manufacturers and share similar features.
2.1.1.8 Two notching devices for sample preparation of single edge notched
specimens and polymer pipe sections have been designed, fabricated and tested. The
apparatuses are capable of producing a notch with high precision up to a third decimal
place.”
According to A. Kazakov (26 September 1995) an article entitled Notching
apparatuses “Two notching devices for sample preparation of single edge notched specimens
and polymer pipe sections have been designed, fabricated and tested. The apparatuses are
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capable of producing a notch with high precision up to a third decimal place.” for SEN
specimens and pipe sections sample preparation Two notching devices have been designed,
built, and tested for sample preparation of single edge notched specimens and polymer pipe
sections. The machines can make a notch to a third decimal place with excellent precision.
The use of these notches at Novacor Chemicals Ltd's Physical Test Laboratory has enhanced
the uniformity of test results and simplified the sample preparation procedure.
2.1.1.9 Fracture tests were performed on 10 structural steel tubes
According to Wanzhen Wang (June 2010) “Fracture tests were performed on 10
structural steel tubes with circular hole. Test results indicate that crack initiate at the edge of
the hole and propagate perpendicularly to loading direction. The initial crack come into being
earlier with the magnification of the radius of the hole.” Tubes with two holes have a more
ductile behavior than tubes with only one hole. The numerical approach used the parametric
design language (APDL) and the User Programmable Features (UPFs) in the general-purpose
finite element software ANSYS to develop the generalized hydrostatic yield model. The
precision and validity of the generalized yield model are confirmed by numerical simulation
results.
2.1.1.10 New Machinery and Processes

According to Yogesh Borse et (2020) article entitled that “Engineers is focused
of continuing new methods that can bring into new ideas and beginning of new life.” As a
result, new machinery and processes must be developed and implemented on a regular basis
to ensure cost-effective product manufacturing. In the age of automation, machines are
becoming an increasingly vital part of human life. The use of automation in machines has
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shown that it can produce more at a faster rate than human production. In today's competitive
business, everyone wants to increase their productivity and make their equipment versatile.
Engineers are constantly challenged with bringing concepts, innovations, and designs to
reality. New technology and equipment approaches are continuously being developed to
produce a wider range of products at reduced prices while retaining high quality. They create
a machine for the fabrication and pipe sectors that serves a dual purpose of cutting pipes at
various angles to enhance the welding connection.

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The major mover of the entire setup is the motor, which is mounted on the bed. The
motor has guideways that may be modified to produce a sliding movement. After the engine,
the rollers are the most essential components in the drive system. There are two rollers in use,
one of which is driving and the other of which is being driven. A belt drive connects the
motor to the driving roller. The driven roller is connected to the abrasive belt. Both rollers are
mounted to the frame using pedestal bearings. A total of four bearings are used to support two
rollers. The rollers' ends are fastened in the pedestal bearings' internal bores, which are
secured by bolts, and the pedestal bearings are supported by clamping bolts. An abrasive belt
travels across the rollers for grinding purposes. We usually need a sturdier support while
building a machine because we are using several components for the purpose, therefore we
used a bed to support the various components. The pipe-like material is pressed against a
roller that has the same diameter as the pipe. As soon as the roller starts rotating, there is a
relative motion between the bearing and the roller shaft, which is confined in the bore of the
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pedestal bearing. Material starts to fall out when the pipe is perpendicular to the roller's axis,
and a 90° angle notch formed on the pipe. They also change the angle of the pipe depending
on the groove or notch form. With the use of an adjustable vice, they may make changes to it
(angular position adjustment).
Figure 2. Diagram of Pipe notching Machine
2.2 Local Studies

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2.3 Research Paradigm
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
KNOWLEDGE START
REQUIREMENTS:
CONSTRUCT A TITLE
Basic Knowledge of
PORTABLE SELECTION OF A TITLE
ANGULAR DESIGN
AND FABRICATION
CONCEPTAULIZATION
OF ADJUSTABLE
AND DESIGN
PIPE NOTCHING JIG
TRAINER PORTABLE
SELECTION OF
MATERIALS ANGULAR
Equipment and DESIGN
Requirements: FABRICATION OF AND
EQUIPMENT FABRICATI
Welding Machine
ON OF
Drilling Machine ASSEMBLY OF PARTS ADJUSTAB
LE PIPE
NOTCHING
TESTING AND
HARWARE JIG
EVALUATION
REQUIREMENTS: TRAINER
IF NO
MATERIALS NEEDED:
SATISFIED
Electric Drill
IF YES
Welding Machine
PROJECT
Aluminum Steel Shaft IMPLEMENTATIO
Hole Saw
Allen Bolts RECOMMENDATION
AND DEVELOPMENT
Block Bearing
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END
2.4 Definition of terms
1. Automation - Automation is the creation and application of technologies to produce and
deliver goods and services with minimal human intervention.
2. Bearing – device to easily rotate the shaft.
3. Black steel – types of material used in pipe product
4. Electric Drill - A drill or drilling machine is a tool primarily used for making round
holes.
5. Fabrication - the action or process of manufacturing or inventing something.
6. Pipe Vise Grip - is a support or work holding device used to hold work in place.
7. Galvanize steel - types of material used in pipe product
8. Hole Saw - A hole saw is a cutter of pipe in notching.
9. Jigs - A jig is a type of custom-made tool used to control the location and/or motion of
parts or other tools.
10. Metal Cutting - Metal cutting is the process of producing a job by removing a layer of
unwanted material from a given workpiece.
11. Motor - a machine, especially one powered by electricity or internal combustion, that
supplies motive power for a vehicle or for some other device with moving parts.
12. Notching - is a metal-cutting process used on pipe-metal.
13. Pipe -is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily of circular cross-
section.
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14. Prototype - a first, typical or preliminary model of something, especially a machine,
from which other forms are developed or copied.
15. Shaft – extended metal from electric drill to hole saw.
16. ANSYS - Analysis System
17. APDL - ANSYS Parametric Design Language
18. ASME - American Society of Mechanical Engineers
19. AWS - American Welding Society
20. CATIA - Computer Aided Three-Dimensional Interactive Application
21. SPM - Special Purpose Machine
22. UPFs - User Programmable Features
2.5 Gantt Chart
- Actual
- Planned
CHAPTER III
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Research Methodology and Procedures
This chapter provides the description of different research methods done in this study,
as well as the design and process, for the purpose of manufacturing the equipment and
purchasing the necessary parts.
3.1 Conceptual Framework
PROCESS
START
CONSTRUCT A TITLE
SELECTION OF A TITLE
PRE – PRODUCTION
CONCEPTUAL AND DESIGN PHASE
SELECTION OF MATERIALS
FABRICATION OF EQUIPMENT
PRODUCTION PHASE
TESTING AND EVALUATION
IF NO
SATISFIED
IF YES
PORJECT IMPLIMENTATION
POST – PRODUCTION
PHASE
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RECOMMENDATION AND
DEVELOPMENT
END
3.2 Problem Identification
The Technological University of the Philippines - Taguig campus offers a
variety of engineering courses, including the mechanical engineering technology
program. This specific course emphasizes the fabrication and manufacturing of
mechanical products. Traditionally Pipe Notching have been used for these purposes,
but they require a significant amount of labor to operate effectively.
To address this challenge and introduce students to advanced technology, the
researchers at the university have proposed a project to design and fabricate a Angular
Pipe Notching Jig Trainer . This innovative Trainer is specifically tailored for
Notching . The primary goal of this study is to provide the Mechanical Department at
TUP-T with an additional laboratory trainer, focusing on notching and enhancing the
skill of student in welding
Moreover, they will gain valuable experience in machining within a practical
setting. This project aims to enhance students' knowledge and skills related to the
application of Pipe Notching , preparing them for real-world challenges in the field of
mechanical engineering technology

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3.3 Data Gathering
The researchers were able to get all the necessary information on how to
approach this project study, with the help of various search engines, books, related
studies, and manuals that talks about various processes and operation of pneumatic
systems, machine press, and other studies related from to it, to obtain suitable
materials and devices that is relevant to the production phase.
3.4 Conceptualization and Design
3.4.1 Isometric View

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Figure 3. Pipe Notching Jig Isometric View
3.4.2 Orthographic View
Figure 4. Pipe Notching Jig Orthographic View

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3.4.3 Exploded View
Figure5.Pipe Notching Jig Exploded View
Table 1
Portable Angular Pipe Notching Jig Trainer Parts

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No Description
.
1 Stopper
2 Screw for Lever
3 Tube for Drill Motor
4 Vice Screw
5 Base
6 Bearing for drill Motor
3.4.4 7 Bearing for green lever
8 L-shape lever
9 Lever
10 M5 X40 mm Allen Bolt and Nut
11 Drill Motor
Assembly Parts and Components
Figure 13. Threaded Piston Holder
Figure 6. Stopper
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Figure 7. Screw for Lever

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Figure 8. Tube For Drill Motor
Figure 9. Vice Screw

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Figure 10. Base
Figure11. Bearing For Drill Motor
Figure 12. Green Lever

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Figure 13. Shape Lever
Figure14. Lever
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Figure15. Pipe Vise Clamp
Figure16. Bearings for Cross Lever

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Figure17. Adjustable Vise for Motor
3.5 Design Computation
Center Drill Bit
100-240V AC - Battery Voltage 24/36V/58V/98V Max
Max. Torque 25~28nm, No Load Speed 0-450r/min, 0-1450r/min
Chuck 0.8-10mm
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Table I. Physical properties of 316L austenitic stainless steel.
Parameters Quantity
Nomenclature 316L (AISI) / 1.4404 (DIN)
Density 7.9 kg/dm3
Young 200 · 103 MPa
Poisson ratio 0.3
Dimensions Diameter: 73 mm Thickness: 3.05 mm Length: 1.95 m
3.6 Material Selection
Table 2
PARTS DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATION
Drill motor 98V/58/36V/24V Battery Voltage:
28Nm Electric 32
98V/58V/36V/24V
Cordless Compact Max Torque: 25-28Nm
TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HammerOF DrillTHE PHILIPPINES
No Load Speed:
TAGUIG CITY Cordless Drill
Km. 14 East Service Road, Western Tools Taguig 0-450r/min,
PowerBicutan, City 1630
0-1450r/min
http: www.tupt.edu.ph Handheld
Telefax:Drill
823-2457
Battery
Lithium Battery Capacity:24V/1300mAh
The Technological University of the Philippines shall beCharging 36V/6000mAh
a premier state university with recognized excellence in
58V/8000mAh
Input: 110V-240V 50-60Hz
Output: 1.3A
Cylinder seal ring Also known as a I.D.: 5MM -210MM

U-cup, is the main O.D: 16MM -230MM
piston rod seal and HEIGHT: 5MM – 12MM
is installed inside
the end cover of
the hydraulic
cylinder to prevent
hydraulic oil
leakage. The
cylinder rod
sealing ring is
made of
polyurethane or
nitrile rubber.
Machine frame An assembly of Design number ME-OT-3161

rigid members (of v2
which at least one
is a multi – force Weight 36.6 kg
member) intended Dimensions (L x W x H) 935
to be a stationary x 935 x 589 mm
structure for
supporting a load. Unit price $1,436.36 USD
Machine: an
assembly of rigid Use case Other Equipment
members designed Application Other
to do mechanical
work by Assembly time 0:25 Hrs
transmitting a
given set of input
loading forces into
another set of
output forces.
Feed Lever The take-up lever

is a part of the  Steel
thread system of Use
the sewing
machine located Embroidery
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Table3. Bill of Materials
ITEM SPECIFICATION QUANTITY ESTIMATED AMOUNT, ₱

PRICE
CAST
IRON 600mmx300380x10mm 1 4,850.00 4,850.00
PLATE
PIPE VISE 1 1,375.00 1,375.00
GRIP
STEEL 1 525.00 525.00
SHAFT
BEARING 2 358.00 716.00
BLOCK
HOLE 1 TO 3 INCH (19mm TO 1 319.00 319.00
SAW 75mm)
ARBOR 1 1,897.00 1,897.00
Drill Motor 1 2000 2000
STEEL 6mm 1 493.00 493.00
TUBE
BOLTS 24mm 3 16.00 48.00
WASHER 3 16.00 48.00
NUTS 3 16.00 48.00
MILD 1 4000
STEEL
TOTAL 16,341.00
3.8 Production Phase

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This part of the study includes different stages for the production phase. The stages of the
production phase are:
1. Canvassing and Purchasing Stage
2. Fabrication Stage
3. Mechanical Assembly Stage
3.8.1. Stage 1. Canvassing and Purchasing Stage
The researchers will acquire data for the genuine expense of parts and
administrations. The specialist will situate for a creation shop that gives low cost at this point
ideal machine quality, a machine shop that offer a minimal expense and great quality for this
venture. The scientists will acquire data for the genuine expense of parts and administrations.
The specialist will situate for a creation shop that gives low cost at this point ideal machine
quality, a machine shop that offer a minimal expense and great quality for this venture.
3.8.2 Stage 2. Fabrication stage
In the wake of settling the plan of the pneumatic press, the specialist will search for a
fabricator for the bowing passes on and bite the dust plate of the pneumatic press twisting
machine. The bowing passes on and the bite the dust plate will be created at a machine shop.
3.8.3 Stage 2: Mechanical assembly
After the creation and buying of materials and parts, the gathering system of the
pneumatic press-bowing machine mentor will be finished at TUP-Taguig Grounds
Table 4.
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Fabricated Materials
Part Name Operation Used Equipment Used
Vise clamp
Stopper Plate
Main Parts of the Portable Angular Design and Facrication of Adjustable Pipe
Notching Jig Trainer
 Drill motor
 Pipe
 Vise Clamp
 Lever
 Stopper
 Table
3.9 Machine Operation Procedures
HOW IT WORKS:
Step 1: Assembly
● The shaft is removable and attachable in the bearing.

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 It is necessary to install the pipe notching jig in the pipe.

 Ensure that the shaft moves smoothly within the bearing after mounting. If it is
not, it may result in friction and damage to the equipment.
 The pipe notching jig's angle can be changed by unbolting the bolts to get the
desired angle, and it can rotate 225 degrees.
 Check the sizes of the hole saw before installing it; they should be up to 3
inches. so that neither the pipe nor the hole saw will be damaged when the
operation begins.
Step 2: Operation
 Put the pipe you want to cut in the vise clamp or insert it there. Up to three
outside diameters (OD) can be held by the clamp.
 Put the pipe you want to cut in the vise clamp or insert it there. Up to three
outside diameters (OD) can be held by the clamp.
 Set the electric drill approximately 8000rpm. For cutting thin wall higher speed will
required.
 When cutting at an angle, insert the pipe far enough away from the cutting
edge to prevent damage to the pipe and the hole saw's teeth.
 Adjust the equipment's angle by loosening the adjust angle pipe notching jig
bolts until they are at the desired angle, which can be as much as 225 degrees,
as indicated by the indicator.
 Assuming the line is clasped in the v block brace, and the point is on
appropriate set and the line scoring dance is on set, then you can begin to cut
the workpiece.
 When you are finished, turn off the electric drill and wait for it to stop. Then,
take out the pipe from the v-block clamp, take out the hole saw from the shaft,
and put the drill back in the box.
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TAGUIG CITY
3.10 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
This are the following when operating pipe equipment, be sure to observe these crucial safety
precautions:
 Eye protection is necessary because a tube notcher uses saw bits with sharp
teeth to make precise cuts. As a result, flying metal fragments and other debris
won't get in your eyes.
 Working while wearing loose clothing or jewelry increases the risk of
workplace mishaps.
 Strong gloves must be used when using the machine to prevent hand injuries
due to the machine's incredibly sharp fishmouth notches.
 Before welding the notched tube to another object, make sure to round off the
sharp edges.
 Keep the arbour shaft clean and free of metal chips, dust, dirt, and other
debris.
 After each use, clean the notcher and change the lock pin to keep the arbour
shaft in place.
 Maintain a slow feed speed and lubricate the saw teeth with cutting oil when
using a tube notcher.
3.11 TEST AND EVALUATION
3.11.1 Testing of Major Parts
Table 5
All the major components of the machine to be check before proceeding to testing
operation.
INSPECTION DATA SHEET

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COMPONENTS PASSED (/) FAILED(X) REMARKS
Drill Motor
Table Stopper
Bearings
Cutter Blade
Tool and Die
attachments
Rotating Disk
Table 6
Evaluation of functionality and performance of the prototype
Indicators 5 4 3 2 1
Functionality
1. Easy to Operate
2. User Friendly
Efficiency
1. Usefulness
2. Lesser time consuming
Availability
1. Readily Available
2. Manual Provided
3. Clear Figures
4. Safety Measures
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Safety
1. Absences of Sharp Edges
2. Protection Components
Sum:
Functionality:
Efficiency:
Availability:
Safety:
Feedback/ Comment:
3.11 Maintenance of the Machine
1. Subsequent to utilizing the machine, make a point to clean the machine.
2. Check the direct bearing development and arrangement of kick the bucket plate.
3. Ensure that the air blower is plug out.
4. Always clean the machine before and after use to minimize the dust.
5. Make sure always check the blades of the drill motor

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TAGUIG CITY
Daily Maintenance:
1. Always check the machine before use it.
2. Remove and clean foreign materials in the machine such as dust particles.
3. Check the functionality of the machine by means of checking all the components
3.12. Evaluation Procedure
The Portable Angular Design and Fabrication of Adjustable Notching Pip for
trainer, will be the subject of a qualitative survey to assess and ascertain the
functionality and performance of the prototype. The first and second years of
Mechanical Engineering Technology at TUP-Taguig Campus are the participants in
the survey. The prototype's suitability in terms of functionality, efficiency,
availability, and safety will be assessed using a set of criteria.
The information obtained will be compiled following the Evaluation. Each of the
criteria's mean scores is computed.
Grand Mean = ∑Xi / n
Where: Xi = mean score of each criterion
N = total number of criteria used to evaluate the study
The grand mean will be evaluated using the Likert Scale with corresponding
descriptive rating.
Table 7
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Test for Functionality
Numerical Scale Descriptive Rating
5.0 Excellent/ Highly Acceptable
4.0 Very Good/ Very Acceptable
3.0 Good/ Acceptable
2.0 Fair/ Fairly Acceptable
1.0 Poor/ Not Acceptable
References:
[ 1 ] J. Schwochert, Options for Notching Pipe and Notching Tube,
https://www.thefabricator.com/tubepipejournal/article/tubepipeproductio
n/options-for-notching-pipe-and-notching-tube, [2010, April 26].
[ 2] H. Phelps, How to Use Tube and Pipe Notcher Effectively, ).
https://marketbusinessnews.com/how-to-use-tube-and-pipe-notcher-effectively/306744/?
fbclid=IwAR1rRBAt8mwvPMjaV4HCRvEFlCb1oTy9aoSfsmxtoe4tvLXEsJjR8Ss54Cw,
[ Aug. 11, 2022].
[ 3] I. Danderker, A. Dongakar. S. Mahimkar, A Mechatronics Capstone Project with
an Interdisciplinary Team and an Industrial Partner, file:///C:/Users/Asus/Downloads/a-
mechatronics-capstone-project-with-an-interdisciplinary-team-and-an-industrial-partner.pdf,
[2017 – 2018].
42
TAGUIG CITY
[ 4] N. Wininger, Bearcat BAJA Frame,
file:///C:/Users/Asus/Downloads/MET2021_Wininger_Nathan.pdf, May 2021
[5] E. Lundin, What’s new in the tube and pipe industry?,
https://www.thefabricator.com/tubepipejournal/article/tubepipefabrication/
what-s-new-in-the-tube-and-pipe-industry-, May 26, 2016.
[6] K. Eastwood, P. Francis, H. Azimian, A. Swarup, T. Loo, J. Drake, H. Naguib,
Design of a Contact-Aided Compliant Notched-Tube Joint for Surgical Manipulation in
Confined Workspaces,
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kyle-Eastwood/publication/320570564_Design_of_a_C
ontact-Aided_Compliant_Notched-
Tube_Joint_for_Surgical_Manipulation_in_Confined_Workspaces/links/
62bf08990bf6950edea24b36/Design-of-a-Contact-Aided-Compliant-Notched-Tube-Joint-for-
Surgical-Manipulation-in-Confined-Workspaces.pdf, 2018.
[7] C. Rusch, E. Holmes, Notching tube and pipe,

https://www.baileigh.com/media/uploads/documents/TPJNotcherArticle.pdf, August 14,
2003.
[8] A. Kazakov, Notching Apparatuses for Sample Preparation of SEN Specimens

and Pipe Sections, Volume 15, Novacor Research and Technology Corporation, 2928 16th
Street NE, Calgary, Alberta T2E 7K7, Canada, (Received 3 August 1995; accepted 26
September 1995).
43
TAGUIG CITY
[9] W. Wanzhen, X. Jixiang, L. Song, Numerical Simulation and Fracture Test

of Structural Steel Notched Tubes Based on Generalized Strength Model, Wuxi, China,
IEEE, 23 July 2010.
[10] Y, Borse, A study on Design of Pipe Notching Machine, July 2020.

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Republic of the Philippines

PORTABLE ANGULAR DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PIPE

NOTCHING JIG TRAINER

Presented to the Faculty of Mechanical and Allied Department

Technological University of the Philippines Taguig Campus

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering

Technology in Mechanical Technology

Baloca, Ivan Paul T. Gardiner, Jomari C.

Bermundo, Guia S. Mampusti, Marvin G.

Cruz, Jaydee C. Manalo Genalisa B.

Docasao Jr., Romy D. Nuarin, Gabriel Ray R.

Galanto, Isaiah John R.

MR. ALDWIN C. AGGABAO

equipment. When the edges of a workpiece need to be smoothed to eliminate interference

extruder among many others.

Background of the study

and manufacturing concerns such as tolerance and production rate

students or workers make it.

drill just to be more convenient.

work and activities.

1.2 Objective of the Study

1.3.1 General Objective

fabricate the pipe notching that has an angle of 225degrees.

1.3.2 Specific Objective

1.3.2.2 To design and fabricate he adjustable pipe notching jig

1.3.2.3 To perform the 225-degree angle of pipe notching jig

terms of its functionality, efficiency, availability, and safety.

1.4 Scope and Delimitation

practical consideration such as availability of the product

3 The thickness of the pipe (1-3 mm)

4 This research did not choose to include the cutting of pipe

Black steel, Brass and Iron.

6.4.1.1 The pneumatic press-bending machine trainer can operate for U-

bending and V-bending operations only.

working principle of bending operation.

pneumatic press-bending machine trainer.

6.4.1.4 The pneumatic press-bending machine can bend gage18 (0.040” /

1mm) of 5053 H32 aluminum sheet metal only.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will be beneficial to the following beneficiaries:

in machining, workshop, and metal bending process, and to gain knowledge in

pursuing their future studies related to this.

 The Technological University of the Philippines- Taguig Campus will directly

benefit from the design and fabrication of a pneumatic press-bending trainer to

high-quality and advanced education in technical engineering.

the effective educational ground and provide efficient knowledge and

experience for students in a practical setting.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter discusses the various ideas, perceptions, generalization,

expertise in the idea of integration of findings with existing information.

2.1 Review of Related Literature

2.1.1 Foreign Literature

2.1.1 Foreign Literature

applications which cannot be carried out using conventional machines. Conceptualization of

parts required for manufacturing of machine, Machine feasibility for manufacturing

mostly used for Notching, as the name implies.

Figure 1 . Pipe Hole saw Notcher

The pneumatic press-bending machine will be using a pneumatic double-

2.1.1.2 Options for Notching Pipe and Notching Tube

with a hand drill or on a tabletop.

2.1.1.3 A Mechatronics Capstone Project with an Interdisciplinary Team and an

According to I. Danderker, A. Dongakar. S. Mahimkar (2017 – 2018) the machine

"Development of Mechanism for Notch Cutting on Circular Objects," A pulley is used to