A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) AND ITS IMPACT

TO THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

A Critique Paper

presented to

High School Department

Mapua Malayan Colleges Mindanao
General Douglas MacArthur Highway,
Matina, Davao City

By
Grade 11-Hawking
De Asis, Eandrea Marnelli A.
Aguiling, Rhea Grace
Avellanosa, Jacob Matthew
Cagalawan, Carlo Anthony G.
Capulong, Anika Louisse
Dabu, Hensmile-Dave D.

SEPTEMBER 2023

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 Mapua Malayan Colleges Mindanao
Senior High School Department
General Douglas, MacArthur Highway,
Matina, Davao City 8000

Introduction

A research article published in the 2021 issue of the IJCRT titled, "Internet

of Things (IoT) and Role of IoT in Education" by Remya S.P., delves into how

present-day education interacts with the Internet of Things, an interconnected

network that eases the transmission and exchange of data from multiple devices

through a wireless connection with limited human intervention. The paper focuses

on analyzing the Internet of Things in an educational environment and evaluating

how IoT shapes the educational system in today's era in a negative and positive

light. However, the study did not consider the impact of diverse types of IoT devices

and technologies on education, which may vary greatly. The integration of the

Internet of Things (IoT) in education is gaining traction, and its potential to

significantly enhance learning and engagement can have a positive influence.

Nonetheless, not everyone has equal access or the means to profit from these

advancements, depending on socioeconomic inequities. Despite the limitations

and socioeconomic disparities, adopting the Internet of Things (IoT) in education

promises a more dynamic, efficient, and effective learning environment, paving the

way for a brighter educational future.

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Summary

Delving into the era of Technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) and its role

in education brought a new wave of change, offering opportunities and possibilities

for students and teachers alike. IoT gives convenience to both parties as they

move from paper documentation to smart devices. Additionally, IoT technology

also provides better accessibility, a significant improvement in efficiency, and

productivity, advancing the quality of education.

The incorporation of technology, during the COVID-19 pandemic, brought

about the rapid and significant growth of E-Learning and is still being put into

practice today. Major adjustments have been made to schools and colleges due

to IoT in education. Primarily, the integration of advanced classrooms, where

instead of writing on boards, teachers can use their devices to connect them to

other machines to save time and ensure productivity. Though IoT in education has

its benefits, it also comes with its drawbacks. IoT requires high-speed networks

and reliable Wi-Fi connections; however, it is not cost-effective and budget-

friendly. These resulted in encountering difficulties in accessing education for the

much poorer demographic. In addition, the internet progression, and the sharing

of all types of information became constant as time passed, introducing the risks

of security breaches and information leaks, leading people to have cybersecurity

concerns and be skeptical of cyber applications.

IoT provides a flexible and engaging system in education that helps

students learn at their own pace and has opened doors for innovative teaching for

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the faculty. Its impact gives rise to a new era where education is taught and

accessed with the best quality through the simple touch of a fingertip.

Review/ Critique

Remya S.P., the author of the research article, is a lecturer in the

Department of Computer Science at the University of Calicut, Kerala, India, which

deemed them qualified for the topic. The article starts with a well-thought-out title,

is direct to the point, effectively conveys key ideas discussed within the text, and

establishes the tone and style used for the entire article. However, in terms of the

writing style, there were inconsistencies, grammatical errors, and improper use of

punctuation like hyphenation, periods, and commas that are visible in the article.

On top of that, when writing and conducting a research article, giving out proper

citations proves its credibility and accuracy; it also shows high regard to the

researchers who worked to provide information and development on the field of

their topic that you have incorporated in your study. Even so, the author neglected

to reference key sources in their research article, and this became the core

dilemma, diminishing its factualness and precipitating doubt of its reliability. By this,

it implies that there is still ample room for improvement in the overall quality of the

article.

The title of the article “Internet of Things (IoT) and Roles IoT in Education”

suggests the center focus is on the Internet of Things and the impact it has in

today’s education, but instead, the abstract starts with unnecessary openings

about advancement in technology and briefly discussed the application of IoT in

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multiple fields rather than focusing on giving specific examples of the application

of IoT in education. Neither the stated purpose, method nor findings in the abstract

align with the article’s themes. The same goes for the introduction; although it

provides information and an overview of the historical context behind the Internet

of Things, it fails to furnish the influence of IoT in education and provide a piece of

concise yet pertinent information and details of its role and affects in learning for

both students and teachers.

The author has presented a detailed explanation of the intricate nature of

the Internet of Things (IoT), segmenting its key characteristics into six categories:

intelligence, connectivity, dynamic nature, things-related services, heterogeneity,

and security. Additionally, the architectural framework and functionality that make

up the basic structure of IoT are segmented into four distinct layers: Sensing Layer,

Network Layer, Data Processing Layer, and Application Layer. Despite these

segmentation efforts, the definition remains challenging to grasp due to the

technicality of the topic and the complexity of the information presented.

Nonetheless, there is still room for refinement to simplify the explanation of each

characteristic, making it more easily understandable.

Privacy and Security, Reliable Wi-Fi Connection, Data Management, and

Cost, were labeled to be the underlying challenges of IoT; however, one crucial

factor went unnoticed by the author: Inclusivity and Accessibility. It is worth noting

that everyone deserves a quality education. While the Internet of Things promotes

innovative teaching, it falls short of providing an inclusive education accessible to

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all. Inequality and access to IoT technology can result in digital devices, with not

everyone having equal access or the means to profit from these advancements,

depending on socioeconomic inequities. The legal and ethical obstacles, such as

legal frameworks and regulations, often fail to keep up with the rapid amelioration

of IoT technology, resulting in legal ambiguities and moral quandaries over data

ownership, privacy, responsibility, and permission.

As we go further into the paper, however, there were visible contradictions

to the previous paragraph; although the author presented the factors that may

affect IoT implementation, they projected unrealistic claims, impractical

predictions, products, and machinery that are beyond the capabilities of current

technology. They based their claims on the notion that all demographics have

access to high-speed networks and the money to implement and experiment with

this machinery and were purely perspective-dependent. They provided no

references and grounds for their claim and then based their results on opinions

and empirical evidence.

For example, in the "Impact of IoT in Future Education" section of the paper,

we catch a glimpse of an exciting future where IoT technology transforms the way

we learn and teach. It paints a picture of classrooms equipped with smart devices,

where students and teachers benefit from seamless connectivity and enhanced

learning experiences. However, it is important to note that this vision is idealized

and lacks real-world evidence to support its claims. While it introduces specific IoT

tools and machine learning algorithms, a more down-to-earth discussion on their

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implementation and potential limitations would provide a more relatable

perspective and understanding. In short, this section offers a tantalizing glimpse of

what is possible but could use more concrete examples and research to support

its arguments.

The author then concluded their research article with a summary of their

discussion. The conclusion was short, but it captured and recapitulated the key

components tackled within the paper and then provided recommendations that can

help future researchers with ideas for improvement and further development of the

Internet of Things and how to implement IoT in education that will not hinder and

impede the students' growth and learning and the teachers' teaching method. The

referencing, however, did not follow the APA (American Psychological

Association) format. It was not arranged alphabetically, lacked additional

information, and was disorganized. It is imperative to provide the sources and

references used in this article with proper formatting. Properly citing sources

enhances the credibility and accuracy of the research paper and makes

information more accessible to the readers. It has ever since been the standard of

every academic text.

While the claims of the author are valid on the topic of The Internet of Things

enhanced efficiency and productivity in educational environments, monotonous

tasks that often take a minute to finish are dealt with in a matter of seconds,

underperform in giving adequate acknowledgment of the challenge face and

drawback for applying this IoT in education, for instance, there are concerns about

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the ongoing existence of digital inequities, data privacy and security, and a lack of

fairness in access and ownership of technology. Additionally, the author fails to

take into consideration, the adverse effects of incorporating technology into

education, the influences of IoT devices on the students’ learning approach, and

the potential impact of technology on the physical and mental health of students,

factors that result in less favorable learning outcomes.

Conclusion

Remya S.P.’s paper provides an introductory overview of IoT in education offering

valuable insights. However, it falls short in terms of depth, structure, and academic

integrity. Key areas of improvement include the incorporation of citations for

credibility, a more balanced focus between IoT and education, addressing

disadvantages, resolving contradictions, and improving language and grammar.

Addressing these areas would significantly enhance the article's quality and

scholarly value, providing readers with a more comprehensive understanding of

the challenges and opportunities presented by IoT in education. To advance this

field, future research should conduct a more in-depth exploration of technical

intricacies, privacy concerns, and the educational impact of IoT.

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 References

De Guzman. (2021). The Philippines Still Hasn't Fully Reopened Its Schools

Because of COVID-19. What Is This Doing to Children? Time.

https://time.com/6124045/school-closures-covid-education-

philippines/

Hart. (2019). The Purpose and Importance of APA in Academics and Research

Writing. Colorado State University Global Campus.

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/purpose-importance-apa-

academics-research-writing-hart/

Luna. (2022). Beware of These Common Consistency Issues in Writing.

Grammarly. https://www.grammarly.com/blog/consistency-

issues-in-writing/

Nicole H. (2023). Why Are Citations Important? 5 reasons Why They Matter.

Become a Writer Today. https://becomeawritertoday.com/why-

are-citations-important/

Remya S. P. (2021). Internet of things (IoT) and the role of IoT in education.

International Journal of Creative Research Thought Volume

9(5), a212-217.

https://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2105028.pdf?fbclid=IwAR13F

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7-M

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Simplilearn. (2021). IoT in 2 minutes | What Is IoT | Introduction to IoT | IoT

explained | Simplilearn [Video]. YouTube.

https://www.youtube.com/watchv=ps9ucSDH8s4

Van Deursen, A. J. a. M., Van Der Zeeuw, A., De Boer, P., Jansen, G., & Van

Rompay, T. (2019). Digital inequalities in the Internet of Things:

differences in attitudes, material access, skills, and usage.

Information, Communication & Society, 24(2), 258–276.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2019.1646777

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