Test Bank for Surgical Technology Principles and Practice 6th Edition by Fuller

Test Bank for Surgical Technology Principles and

Practice 6th Edition by Fuller

To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-surgical-technology-principles-and-pr
actice-6th-edition-by-fuller/

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Chapter 7: Diagnostic and Assessment Procedures

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Contrast media instilled into the urinary tract for visualization of the bladder, ureters, and
kidney is called ________________.
A. myelography C. angiography
B. cholangiography D. retrograde pyelography
ANS: D
In retrograde pyelography, contrast media is instilled into the urinary tract for visualization of the
bladder, ureters, and kidney. This procedure is used to identify stones, strictures, tumor, or other
anomalies in the urinary system.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 113

2. Because ________ is found in contrast media, the patient must be evaluated for potential
hypersensitivity before administration.
A. radioactive material C. iodine
B. penicillin D. latex
ANS: C
Contrast radiography carries a risk of allergy to the radiopaque media, especially when the agent is
injected. A careful patient history is used to determine whether the patient had any previous reaction to
contrast media. Allergy to iodine or agents containing iodophor may indicate sensitivity to contrast
media.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 112

3. ________ is a radiopaque element that is used in the radiographic examination of the

gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
A. Barium C. Conray
B. Optiray D. Renografin
ANS: A
In studies of the GI system, barium is a radiopaque element used to fill and outline the structures. An
upper GI study is used to identify the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. The large intestine is
studied after installation of barium into the distal colon and rectum.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 113

4. ____________ uses radiofrequency signals and multiple magnetic fields to produce a

high-definition image.
A. Fluoroscopy C. Positron emission tomography (PET)
B. Computed tomography (CT) D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
ANS: D
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses radiofrequency signals and multiple magnetic fields to
produce a high-definition image. In this process, the patient is exposed to electromagnetic energy,
which is emitted inside a closed body tube or open platform. MRI produces two- or three-dimensional
digital images in cross-section and is used mainly for detection of structural abnormalities, including
tumors.
 PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 114

5. Intraoperative radiation therapy is used to deliver _____________ dose(s) of radiation to a

specific area of the body.
A. multiple C. a weak
B. a single D. a small
ANS: B
Intraoperative radiation therapy is used to deliver a single dose of radiation to a specific area of the
body.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 119

6. In assessment of blood pressure, the difference between diastolic and systolic pressure is
called the ________ pressure.
A. pulse C. mean arterial
B. systolic D. diastolic
ANS: A
When the blood is forcefully pumped through the left ventricle, pressure is at its greatest. This is called
the systolic pressure. As the heart muscle relaxes between contractions, blood pressure is lowered.
This is called diastolic pressure. When blood pressure is assessed, the difference between diastolic and
systolic pressure can be a significant sign. This is called the pulse pressure.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: pp. 106-107

7. The _________________ is a basic test used to evaluate the type and percentage of normal
components in the blood.
A. arterial blood gases (ABCs) C. complete blood count (CBC)
B. metabolic panel D. white blood count (WBC)
ANS: C
The CBC is a basic test used to evaluate the type and percentage of normal components in the blood. A
blood sample is drawn from the vein and centrifuged. This separates it into cellular and liquid
components for evaluation.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

8. ________ studies are used to assess blood flow.

A. MRI C. Endoscopy
B. X-ray D. Doppler
ANS: D
Doppler studies use ultrasound for specific measurement of vascular flow.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

9. A(n) _____________________ is a noninvasive procedure that uses ultrasound energy to

demonstrate motion of the heart.
A. ultrasound study C. echocardiograph (EEG)
B. cardiac catheterization D. cardiac stress test
ANS: C
 Ultrasound has many applications both intraoperatively and outside surgery. It is commonly used to
obtain images of abdominal viscera and for pregnancy assessment. Images represent tissue density.
The outline and internal density are identified by shades of black, white, or gray. When combined with
the Doppler, it is used in vascular surgery to track the movement of blood and provide a screen image
of velocity and viscosity. An intraoperative ultrasound probe is used to assess vascular structures and
tissue density. Echocardiography is used in the same way to demonstrate motion of the heart.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

10. The ____________________ produces characteristic patterns indicating normal or abnormal

conduction impulses that stimulate heart action.
A. electrocardiogram (ECG) C. Doppler
B. neuromonitoring D. ultrasound
ANS: A
The ECG measures the electrical activity of the heart and displays it on a graph for evaluation. To
obtain the readings, electrodes are placed at strategic locations on the chest wall and extremities. These
coincide with the heart’s conductivity pattern.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 109

11. A test that includes results of blood glucose, carbon dioxide, creatinine, urea nitrogen,
bicarbonate, and several important electrolytes is called a ____________.
A. urinalysis C. coagulation test
B. differential leukocyte count D. metabolic panel
ANS: D
The metabolic panel includes a number of different tests to determine serum levels of substances that
are crucial for metabolism. There are many different types of metabolic panels. The basic metabolic
panel includes blood glucose, carbon dioxide, creatinine, urea nitrogen, bicarbonate, and several
important electrolytes. The exact tests included in any metabolic panel are determined by health care
regulatory agencies and may change with reimbursement regulations.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 116

12. _________________, or decreased serum potassium, can result from persistent and severe
vomiting and diarrhea, from extensive tissue trauma, or from shock.
A. Hypokalemia C. Hyponaturemia
B. Hyperkalemia D. Hypocalcemia
ANS: A
Hypokalemia (decreased serum potassium) can result from persistent and severe vomiting and
diarrhea, from extensive tissue trauma, or from shock. Certain drugs also can cause a drop in
potassium.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 116

13. A ___________ is composed of disorganized tissue that exhibits uncontrolled growth.

A. benign tumor C. tumor marker
B. malignant tumor D. tumor growth
ANS: B
A malignant tumor is composed of disorganized tissue that exhibits uncontrolled growth. Malignant
tissue has the potential to spread from the original site (called the primary tumor) to other parts of the
 body.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 118

14. __________________ has/have important functions in the blood-clotting mechanism,

including clot retraction and activation of coagulation factor.
A. Platelets C. Red blood cells
B. Hemoglobin D. White blood cells
ANS: A
Platelets have important functions in the blood-clotting mechanism, including clot retraction and
activation of coagulation factor.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

15. ________ is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses to skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
muscle.
A. Sodium C. Calcium
B. Potassium D. Magnesium
ANS: B
Potassium is found mainly in the cells. It is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses to
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It also functions in the conversion of carbohydrates for cellular
energy and is critical in maintaining osmolality in the cells.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 116

16. Molecules of inorganic substances that are essential for homeostasis and are capable of
splitting to yield a charged particle or substance are called _____________.
A. electrolytes C. glucose levels
B. cardiac enzymes D. sodium levels
ANS: A
Body fluids contain both organic and inorganic substances. These substances are essential for
homeostasis. Molecules of inorganic substances are capable of splitting to yield a charged particle or
substances called electrolytes.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 116

17. Two primary tests that are performed on surgical patients to evaluate blood and blood cells are
________________________.
A. CBC and differential leukocyte count
B. cardiac enzyme and glucose level studies
C. urinalysis and electrolyte study
D. type and cross-match and type and screen
ANS: A
The CBC is a basic test used to evaluate the type and percentage of normal components in the blood.
The CBC is a basic blood test used for screening infections and many other types of disease.
Differential leukocyte count: White blood cells (leukocytes) are essential to the immune process. The
differential count measures the number of each type of leukocyte by volume of blood. These are
monocytes, macrophages, band neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes.
 PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

18. Normal oral temperature in a person at rest is _________ Celsius.

A. 42° C. 52°
B. 47° D. 37°
ANS: D
Oral temperature is measured under the tongue (sublingual), which is highly vascular and accurately
reflects core temperature. Normal oral temperature in a person at rest is 37° C (98.6° F). The range is
35.8° C to 37.3° C (96.4° F to 99.1° F).

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

19. __________________ is/are the oxygen-carrying protein attached to RBCs.

A. Platelets C. Leukocytes
B. Hematocrit D. Hemoglobin
ANS: D
Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein attached to RBCs (erythrocytes).

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

20. _____________________ can result from parathyroid disease, vitamin D deficiency, and
specific drugs such as corticosteroids and some diuretics.
A. Hypocalcemia B. Hyponaturemia
ANS: A
Hypocalcemia can result from parathyroid disease, vitamin D deficiency, and specific drugs such as
corticosteroids and some diuretics.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 117

21. A blood test that uses an arterial blood sample to assess oxygenation and adequacy of
ventilation is called ________.
A. CBC B. ABG
ANS: B
PTT or APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) is performed to assess the functional ability of
the coagulation sequence. Blood pH is regulated by an increase or decrease in specific ions (acid and
base). A measurement of these ions HCO3 and H2CO3 provides a snapshot of this balancing
mechanism. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) are also measured and
provide assessment of the patient’s ventilatory capacity. Oxygen saturation (O2 Sat) is the amount of
O2 attached to hemoglobin and available to the cells. Blood drawn for ABG testing must be kept cold
during transport as temperature affects the accuracy of the results.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 116

22. The __________________ is/are the first step(s) used to evaluate the patient’s condition
A. diagnostic procedure B. history and physical
ANS: B
The first step in medical and surgical decision-making is assessment, which provides clues and
information about the nature of the patient’s illness and possible causes. The selection of tests and
procedures used to evaluate the patient’s condition begins with general assessment and proceeds to
 tests that are more complex. The assessment begins with a baseline history and physical examination.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 104

23. Basic diagnostic indicators that are used to evaluate the patient’s condition are
______________.
A. vital signs B. x-rays
ANS: A
Taking the patient’s vital signs provides an overall evaluation of well-being. It is the most basic form
of assessment. In some facilities, the technologist may measure the patient’s vital signs.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

24. __________________ is measured with a sphygmomanometer and a stethoscope.

A. Blood pressure B. Pulse by palpation
ANS: A
Blood pressure is measured with an electronic (digital) sphygmomanometer or manual
sphygmomanometer, which requires a stethoscope. The stethoscope method provides a more thorough
assessment.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: pp. 107-109

25. The ________ measures hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, and leukocytes.

A. metabolic panel B. CBC
ANS: B
The CBC is a basic test used to evaluate the type and percentage of normal components in the blood. A
blood sample is drawn from the vein and centrifuged. This separates it into cellular and liquid
components for evaluation. The CBC is a basic blood test used for screening and diagnosis. When a
diagnosis is formulated, variations in normal blood values are always considered with other signs and
symptoms—never in isolation.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 115

26. ___________ tests and procedures are those that do not require an incision or the perforation
of intact tissues or structures.
A. Invasive B. Noninvasive
ANS: B
Noninvasive procedures are limited to skin contact or no direct contact with the body.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 104

27. Cesium-137, iodine-125, and iridium-192 are ________________that are implanted directly
into the tumor mass.
A. contrast mediums B. radioactive seeds
ANS: B
Radioactive seeds are implanted directly into the tumor mass and may be left in the patient
indefinitely. Cesium-137, iodine-125, and iridium 192 are used in this procedure. Seeds are generally
used in tumors that cannot be removed by surgical resection because of precarious location or size.
 PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 119

28. Electrolytes are vital for _________________ and are responsible for nerve impulses, fluid
balance, transport of substances in and out of the cell, and balancing blood pH.
A. homeostasis B. hemostasis
ANS: A
Electrolytes are vital for homeostasis and are responsible for nerve impulses, fluid balance, transport
of substances in and out of the cell, and for balancing blood pH. They also contribute to blood clotting,
electrical activity in the cells, and energy conversion.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 120

29. The term ______________ refers to substances that the x-ray cannot penetrate.
A. radiopaque B. radiolucent
ANS: A
The term radiopaque refers to substances that the x-ray cannot penetrate.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 110

30. _______________ is/are the most basic form of assessment.

A. CT scan C. ECG
B. Chest radiograph D. Vital signs
ANS: D
Taking a patient’s vital signs allows an overall evaluation of the person’s well-being. This is the most
basic form of clinical assessment. In some facilities, the surgical technologist may measure the
patient’s vital signs. These are documented and reported to the registered nurse or surgeon. The
surgical technologist is not expected to interpret the measurements or make a diagnosis based on the
results. However, accurate measurement is always required. The vital signs include temperature, pulse,
respiration, and blood pressure.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

31. The body requires a core (deep) temperature of approximately 99° F, or:
A. 37.2° C C. 40° C
B. 38.2° C D. 42° C
ANS: A
The body requires a core (internal) temperature of approximately 99° F (37.2° C) to maintain
physiological functions.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

32. Axillary temperature readings are ____________________ than oral measurements.

A. 0.3° C to 0.6° C higher C. 0.5° C and 1.5° C lower
B. 0.5° F to 1° F lower D. 0.6° C and 1.6° C higher
ANS: B
The axillary temperature is measured at the axilla. Readings are 0.5° F to 1° F (0.3° C to 0.6° C) lower
than the oral value.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

33. ______________ varies with environmental changes.
A. Forehead or skin temperature C. Pulse rate
B. Blood pressure D. Pulse oximetry
ANS: A
The forehead, or skin, temperature varies with environmental changes.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

34. Which statement about the use of thermometers is true?

A. The use of external thermometers, such as the tympanic thermometer, poses less
risk of infection for your patient.
B. You do not need to wash your hands after taking a patient’s temperature with a
forehead or skin thermometer because it is not an invasive procedure.
C. The rectal method is preferred over the tympanic method.
D. Tympanic thermometers can harbor an infectious biofilm that may not be visible.
ANS: D
Always wear gloves when taking the patient’s temperature. Probe and tympanic thermometers can
harbor an infectious biofilm that may not be visible.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 105

35. The pulse is a reflection of the stroke volume or _____________.

A. amount of input
B. amount of oxygen in the blood
C. amount of blood pumped through the heart
D. amount of blood pumped from the heart into the aorta
ANS: C
The pulse is a reflection of the stroke volume (amount of blood pumped through the heart) of each
beat. The pulse is felt in the artery as it expands with each heartbeat. The normal heart rate varies
according to age, condition, and metabolic level.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 106

36. The normal pulse rate for an adult is ___________________.

A. 40 to 60 beats per minute C. 75 to 100 beats per minute
B. 60 to 100 beats per minute D. 80 to 120 beats per minute
ANS: C
The normal pulse rate for an adult is 75 (60-100)

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 106

37. All the following are ways that malignancy causes specific injury to the body, EXCEPT:
A. cachexia C. no pain
B. anemia D. blood clot
ANS: C
Malignancy causes specific injury to the body:
 •· The risk of thrombosis (blood clot) is increased as a result of inappropriate production of clotting
factors by the tumor itself. The tumor may also block blood vessels, resulting in clotting.
• Pain is caused by direct injury to tissue or by pain mediators released by the tumor. As the tumor
impinges on healthy tissue, the tissue dies, resulting in severe pain.
• Cachexia (tissue and body wasting) is characteristic of malignancy. As the tumor destroys tissue,
the patient’s metabolism is altered. Nutrients normally received by healthy tissue for growth and repair
are captured by the malignant tissue, which continues to grow and spread.
• Anemia occurs as a result of internal bleeding and the body’s inability to replace red blood cells.
• As the malignancy spreads, changes occur in the function of the target tissue. This results in many
different disease conditions, depending on the organ or tissue function.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 118

38. _______________ provides detailed information about heart conduction.

A. ECG C. Blood pressure
B. EEG D. Oximetry
ANS: A
As a diagnostic tool, an ECG provides detailed information about heart conduction. Each phase of the
cardiac conduction system is represented on the graph.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 109

39. The basic metabolic panel includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A. blood glucose C. creatinine
B. carbon dioxide D. oxygen
ANS: D
The metabolic panel includes a number of tests to determine serum levels of substances that are crucial
for metabolism. Many types of metabolic panels can be done. The basic metabolic panel includes
blood glucose, carbon dioxide, creatinine, urea nitrogen, bicarbonate, and several important
electrolytes.

PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: p. 116

MATCHING

Choose from the terms listed and match them with their most correct description. You will use
the same answer more than once.
A. Standard x-ray C. Contrast radiography
B. MRI D. Ultrasound

1. Produces two- or three-dimensional digital images in cross-section

2. Taken when a surgical count cannot be resolved and there is risk of an item left in the patient
3. Any metal in range of the device may be drawn toward the source of emission
4. A gel coating is used when the probe is applied to skin
5. Used in vascular surgery to track the movement of blood when combined with the Doppler
6. Uses liquid contrast medium to produce a solid white field in the area of the media
7. Uses radiofrequency signals and multiple magnetic fields to produce a high-definition image
8. Uses high-frequency sound waves
9. Cholangiography and angiography
Test Bank for Surgical Technology Principles and Practice 6th Edition by Fuller

10. Carries a risk of allergy to the radiopaque media

1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 114

2. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 110
3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 114
4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: pp. 114-115
5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: pp. 114-115
6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 110
7. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 114
8. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: pp. 114-115
9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 113
10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 112

Choose from the terms listed and match them with their most correct description. You will use
the same answer more than once.
A. CBC C. Coagulation test
B. Electrolyte D. Urinalysis

11. Inorganic substances essential for homeostasis

12. Used to monitor patients who are receiving anti-platelet drugs
13. Potassium, sodium, and magnesium
14. The pH and specific gravity are assessed
15. Measures hemoglobin and hematocrit
16. Measures the number of each type of leukocyte
17. PT and PTT
18. Assesses color, clarity, and odor
19. Positively charged are called cations and negatively charged are called anions
20. A sample is drawn from the vein and centrifuged.

11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: pp. 116-117

12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 116
13. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: pp. 116-117
14. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 117
15. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 115
16. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 115
17. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 116
18. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 117
19. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: pp. 116-117
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: p. 115

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters